Mikhail Lomonosov

23% of news webpages contain at least one broken link, as do 21% of webpages from government sites.

RRID: CVCL_4784

RRID:Addgene_58779

3605

Olivetti Underwood 21

They also express concern that students without the deep and broad background knowledge and fluency that affluent children generally absorb from their homes and communities first need to develop that core knowledge before they can benefit from a collaborative, project-based approach.

Research on both inequality across schools and tracking within schools has suggested that students in more affluent schools and top tracks are given the kind of problem-solving education that befits the future managerial class, whereas students in lower tracks and higher-poverty schools are given the kind of rule-following tasks that mirror much of factory and other working-class work.”

When most of our current pedagogical practices were developed more than a century ago, the essential economic purpose of public schools was to produce industrial workers who were fast and reliable when assigned repetitive mechanical or clerical tasks. In this century, deeper-learning proponents argue, the job market requires a very different set of skills, one that our current educational system is not configured to help students develop: the ability to work in teams, to present ideas to a group, to write effectively, to think deeply and analytically about problems, to take information and techniques learned in one context and adapt them to a new and unfamiliar problem or situation.

student-centered learning

But students in schools serving mostly low-income children were almost all (91 percent) in classrooms marked by basic, uninteresting teaching.

And while the Science authors found instruction to be basic and repetitive even in American schools with a mostly middle-class or upper-middle-class student population, they found that the situation was considerably worse in schools that enrolled a lot of low-income children.

Pianta’s researchers found that in almost every school they observed, the instruction students received was repetitive and undemanding, limited mostly to the endless practice of basic skills.

21. Challenge

Here is Alter’s version of the well-known opening of Genesis 21, part of the story of Isaac, the miracle baby of 90-year-old Sarah, and her 99-year-old husband, Abraham: “And the Lord singled out Sarah.” The word Alter is translating as “singled out” is pakad. The King James, and most others after it, translate it as “visited.” The Jewish Publication Society has it as “remembered.” Others translate it as “kept his word,” “took note of,” “was gracious to,” “was attentive to” or “blessed.” A good literal version, provided by the canny contemporary translator Everett Fox, has it as “took account of” — and there is something numerical and even administrative about pakad. (Elsewhere in the Bible, in the context of describing a public census, pakad means “to number”; in modern Hebrew, it is related to the words for “officer,” “clerk” and “roll-call.”) Weaving together its numerical dimensions with a thread of bureaucratic banality, Alter yields the anxious verb “singled out” and with it, reveals new layers of tension in this story.

Proverbs 21:5 New Living Translation, “Good planning and hard work lead to prosperity, but hasty shortcuts lead to poverty.”

Abomination of desolation

DICER1 syndrome encompasses a variety of benign and malignant manifestations including multinodular goitre

Majority Act, 1875

scn1labs552

Results for individual PALB2 variants were normalized relative to WT-PALB2 and the p.Tyr551ter (p.Y551X) truncating variant on a 1:5 scale with the fold change in GFP-positive cells for WT set at 5.0 and fold change GFP-positive cells for p.Y551X set at 1.0. The p.L24S (c.71T>C), p.L35P (c.104T>C), p.I944N (c.2831T>A), and p.L1070P (c.3209T>C) variants and all protein-truncating frame-shift and deletion variants tested were deficient in HDR activity, with normalized fold change <2.0 (approximately 40% activity) (Fig. 1a).

A total of 84 PALB2 patient-derived missense variants reported in ClinVar, COSMIC, and the PALB2 LOVD database were selected

SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

To this end, 44 missense variants found in breast cancer patients were identified in the ClinVar database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar) and/or selected by literature curation based on their frequency of description or amino acid substitution position in the protein (Supplemental Table S1).

Source Data

Source Data

We, therefore, analyzed the effect of 48 PALB2 VUS (Fig. 2a, blue) and one synthetic missense variant (p.A1025R) (Fig. 2a, purple)29 on PALB2 function in HR.

Most Suspected Brugada Syndrome Variants Had (Partial) Loss of Function

we selected 73 previously unstudied variants: 63 suspected Brugada syndrome variants and 10 suspected benign variants

Supplemental material

Supplemental material

We analysed a total of 82 blood samples derived from 77 individuals (online supplemental table 3). These 77 individuals corresponded either to new index cases suspected to harbour a pathogenic TP53 variant or to relatives of index cases harbouring TP53 variants.

By focusing on the condition of the looking glass, Joyce suggests the artist does not start his work with a clean slate. Rather there is considerable baggage he or she must overcome. This baggage might include colonial conditions or biased assumptions. Form and context influence content.

Privilege

Even before Mr. Biden was inaugurated on Wednesday, some Republicans lashed out against his new policy direction.

RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-GENO-100415-21

ZFIN ID: ZDB-ALT-070420–21

La loi ne vise donc pas à interdire l’accès à ces postes pour les chrétiens, les juifs, les musulmans.

les religions qui empêchent leurs fidèles d’enlever leurs signes religieux

Ce n’est pas l’islam qui empêche les musulmanes d’enlever leur voile au travail.

musulmans rigoristes

il ne peut invoquer la liberté de religion pour avoir le droit de refuser un appartement à un gai

conceptions crispées

textes sacrés

HORS DE TOUT DOUTE

Pourquoi la majorité des musulmanes pratiquantes ne portent pas le voile ? 

végane extrémiste

Statistical Ana(vsis

Poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE

Immunoblotting

Nucleartranslocationofp-Catenin

Somatoplot Coordinates

The mice were returned to a cage and were kept under a 1 OOW bulb light source to prevent hypothermia. Care was taken to ensure that the eyes are kept covered. The respiratory rate and heart rate were monitored till the mice regained complete consciousness. They were fed ab-limitum post-operatively. Metronidazole (20 mg/kg) was added to the drinking water and the mice were fed this medicated water for 5 days post-operatively. On the th post-operative day, the health of the wound was observed and the surgical clips were removed from the skin

ost-operative care

The organic solution of phospholipid was made in a 1:1 mixture of chloroform and methanol at a concentration of 5 mg/ml. To get a thin and uniform lipid film, lipid was dried down onto the walls of a round bottom flask by rotating for 30 min. in a rotary evaporator fitted with a coo!;ng coil and a thermostatically controlled water bath. The temperature of the water bath was maintained 10 °C above the phase transition temperature of the respective phospholipid. The film was stored under vacuum for 1 2 h to remove the traces of the solvent after flushing with nitrogen. Subsequently, lipid film was dispersed in 30 mM Tris-HCI buffer containing O.IM NaCl, pH 7.0 at a concentration of 1 mg/ml of lipid using glass beads of 0.5 mm-3 mm in diameter. Multilamellar vesicles (ML Vs) were obtained by manual swirling for 2 h at room temperature (Bangham et al., 1965). Nitrogen was flushed into the flask and the vesicle suspension was left overnight at 4 °C. The .following day, maintaining the temperature 10 °C abcve the phase transition temperature of the corresponding phospholipid, MLVs were sonicated in a water bath sonifier (Branson 321 0) for 45 min. to get the small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) (Huang C, 1969).

Preparation of Lipid Vesicles

for 3 hours at room temperature or OIN at 4 °c. The excess antibody was washed by washing the filters with PBST for 15 minutes with at least three changes. The filters were subsequently incubated in the appropriate dilution of the second antibody for one hour at room temperature. Dilutions of the primary as well as secondary antibody were made in 3 % BSA in PBST. Following incubation with the second antibody, the filters were washed vigorously with PBST for 5 minutes. The washing was repeated 5-6 times. Finally, the filters were washed twice in PBS and colour developed with DAB ( 0.5 mg I ml in PBS ) containing 6 ul I 10 ul of 30 % H2o2. The colour reaction was stopped after 5 -10 minutes by washing the filters with distilled water.

apparatus. At the end of the run, the gel was equilibrated for 15 minutes in the transfer buffer ( 25 mM Tris base,, 192 mM glycine, 20% V/V methanol). Immunoblotting was performed essentially as described by Towbin et al., 1979 ) . The proteins-were blotted on to nitrocellulose Schleicher and Schuell ) for 16 hours in LKB Transphor apparatus. After the completion of electric transfer of proteins, the nitrocellulose paper was washed with PBS 10 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, 0.9 % saline for 10 minutes at room temperature, with gentle rocking to wash off any adhering traces of acrylamide gel. The filter was then stained with a dilute solution of amide black. This was made by diluting 5 fold with water, a solution of 0. 2 % ami do black containing 45 % v;v methanol and 10 % v;v acetic acid. The staining was done for 5 10 seconds and the filter washed immediately with distilled water. The proteins transferred to the gel could be seen at this stage. The lane containing protein molecular weight standards was cut out and . preserved by drying and storage in dark. The filter could be cut into appropriate lanes at this stage. The filter was destained by repeated washing with PBS containing 0.2 % Tween-20 ( PBST ) . After the filter destained completely, it was incubated with 3 % BSA made in PBST for 1 hour at room temperature. During this and in all the subsequent steps, incubation of the filter was performed on a rocker platform to ensure a uniform treatment. The filters were then incubated in the appropriate dilution of the primary antibody

Electrophoretic separation of protein samples was carried out on 12.5 % SDS-PAGE in a discontinuous system as described by Laemmli ( 1970 ). The samples were reduced by boiling for 3 minutes in sample buffer containing J3-mercaptoethanol. The samples were then centrifuged for 5 minutes at 10,000 rpm to pellet down all particulate matter, prior to loading on the gel. Electrophoresis was carried out at 100 volts in a LKB vertical slab gel electrophoresis

Western blot.

The method followed is essentially the same as described by Jin et al. (1992). Overnight bacterial cultures grown in minimal A medium supplemented with 0.4% glycerol and 0.5% Casamino acids with the appropriate antibiotic were subcultured 1:100 in the same medium in a volume of 20 ml (0.2% arabinose was added for induction of the plasmid-borne gene downstream of Para, wherever required) at 37 ̊C. Cultures were induced with 1 mM IPTG at A600=0.3. 1 ml samples were aliquoted at time intervals of 0 sec, 20 sec, 40 sec, 1 min, 1.5 min, 2 min, 2.5 min, 3 min, 3.5 min, 4 min, 4.5 min, 5 min, 5.5 min and 6 min into 1 ml of 0.1 mg/ml ice cold chloramphenicol and the samples were put on ice. After sampling the cultures were incubated at 37 ̊C for 15 min. 0.5 ml of this culture was then taken in duplicate tubes for β-galactosidase assays

RNA polymerase elongation rate measurement

Log-phase yeastcells were collected, washed and suspendedin 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5) containing 50 mg/ml zymolyase-20T. Cell suspension was incubated at room temperature and absorbance was monitored at 600 nm every10mininterval. Initial absorbance of the cultures at 0 minwas normalized to 100%and the graph was plottedas%decrease in the absorbance with respect to time

Zymolyasedigestion assay

Resultant precipitate was dissolved in 3 N HCl and reprecipitated in methanol:acetic acid (8:1) solution. Following 16 h incubation at room temperature, the precipitate was washed withmethanol:acetic acid (8:1) solution till green colour of the supernatant disappeared.Finally,pellet was washed thrice with methanol and air dried. Driedpellet was resuspended in 0.5 NHCl and total mannan content was quantified with phenol-sulphuric acid carbohydrate estimation method as described earlier.Commercially available purified glucose was used as the standard

Total mannan from 3% NaOH-extractable supernatant of cell wall was precipitated by Benedict’s solution.Reducing sugars(mostly mannan) from alkali-extractable supernatant reactwith copper(II) sulphate present in Benedict’s solution and forms red copper(I) oxide precipitate.Briefly, equal volume of Benedict’s solution was added to 3% NaOH-extractable cell wall supernatant fraction and heated at 99 ̊C for 10 min

Total mannan estimation

Cell wall β-glucan measurement was carried out as describedpreviously with some modifications(Kapteynet.al.,2001). Briefly, cell wall fractions were washed multiple times with 1 N NaCl. Washed cell walls were boiled twice in 50 mM Tris-HCl(pH 7.8) containing 2% SDS, 100 mM Na-EDTA and 40 mM β-mercaptoethanol for 5 min to remove non-covalently linked proteins and other contaminants. SDS-treated cell wall fraction was collected and rinsed thrice with water. For β-glucan isolation, cell wallswere extracted three times, each for 1 h, in 0.5 ml 3% NaOH at 75 ̊C and centrifuged at 1,200 g.All 3% NaOH supernatant fractions were saved for isolation of mannan as described below. 3% NaOH-extractable cell wall pelletwasneutralized twice in 100 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5) and once in 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5) and digested with 5 mg/ml zymolyase-20T in 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5) for 14-16 h at 37 ̊C. This treatment liberates approximately 90-95% glucose into the supernatant. Total glucan content in the cell wall was measured by estimating glucose from both the solubilised supernatant and zymolyase-20T insoluble pellet fractions with phenol-sulphuric acid carbohydrate estimation method using purified glucose as the standard

Total β-glucan estimation

min. Cells were normalized to equal OD600, resuspendedin 1 ml 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5) and transferred to 2 ml microcentrifuge tubes. Cells were lysed with glass beadsin a homogenizer (FastPrep®-24,MP Biomedicals)asdescribed earlier.Brokencells were washed from glass beadswith 500 μl Tris-HCl (50 mM, pH 7.5) and pelleteddown at 15,000 g for 10 minto obtainall cell wall and membrane content. Pellet was then boiled for 10 minin 1mlTris-HCl(50mM; pH 7.5)solutioncontaining 2%SDS. SDS-extractable material(mannoproteins)was savedand remaining pellet wasboiled again in 500 μl Tris-HCl(50 mM; pH 7.5)buffer containing 2%SDS. Cell wallwas collectedby centrifugation at 15,000 g for 10 min, washed twice with1 ml waterandresuspendedin 100 μl 67 mM potassium phosphatebuffer. This washed cell wall materialwas used for β-glucan estimation as described below

Yeast cell wall was isolatedas describedpreviously(De Groot et al., 2004). Briefly, cells grown underdifferent environmental conditions were harvested at 5,000 g for 5

Crude cell wall isolation

Cell wall isolation, zymolyasedigestion assay and β-glucan estimation