for - adjacency - paleolithic hunter-gatherer - to neolithic agricultural village - dawn of agriculture - village - cultivated fields around it - created a human space - the village - thus began the - great separation - Emergence Magazine - interview - An Ethics of Wild Mind - David Hinton

adjacency - between - paleolithic hunter-gatherer - to neolithic agricultural village - dawn of agriculture village - cultivated fields around it - settling down - birth of the human space - the village - thus began - the great separation - adjacency relationship - He connects two important ideas together, the transition from - always-moving, never settling down paleolithic hunter-gatherer to - settled-down neolithic agricultural farmers - The key connection is that this transition from moving around and mobile to stationary is the beginning of our separation from nature - John Ikerd talks about the same thing in his article on the "three great separations". He identifies agriculture as the first of three major cultural separation events that led to our modern form of alienation - The development of a human place had humble beginnings but today, these places are "human-made worlds" that are foreign to any other species. - The act of settling down in one fixed space gave us a place we can continually build upon, accrue and most importantly, begin and continue timebinding - After all, a library is a fixed place, it doesn't move. It would be very difficult to maintain were it always moving.

to - article - In These Times - The Three “Great Separations” that Unravelled Our Connection to Earth and Each Other - John Ikerd - https://hyp.is/CEzS6Bd_Ee6l6KswKZEGkw/inthesetimes.com/article/industrial-agricultural-revolution-planet-earth-david-korten - timebinding - Alfred Korzyski

for - urban agriculture - 2024 study - 6x carbon footprint as conventional agriculture

summary - The results are not surprising. It is the infrastructure used to build the urban agriculture system that has the greatest carbon footprint - This can be lowered dramatically by - having longer lasting UA projects - having larger scale projects - reusing urban demolition waste materials to build UA systems

from - search - Google - 2024 percentage of carbon emissions from food system - https://www.google.com/search?q=2024+percentage+of+carbon+emissions+from+food+system&sca_esv=9d5b952a18faf0f8&sxsrf=ADLYWIIlye-Qwjiqr8aEdCoiJshs-88Yqw%3A1720874425938&ei=uXWSZvvuOMjXhbIP-YeX6Aw&ved=0ahUKEwi7r_HmhKSHAxXIa0EAHfnDBc0Q4dUDCA8&uact=5&oq=2024+percentage+of+carbon+emissions+from+food+system&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAiNDIwMjQgcGVyY2VudGFnZSBvZiBjYXJib24gZW1pc3Npb25zIGZyb20gZm9vZCBzeXN0ZW0yChAAGLADGNYEGEcyChAAGLADGNYEGEcyChAAGLADGNYEGEcyChAAGLADGNYEGEcyChAAGLADGNYEGEcyChAAGLADGNYEGEcyChAAGLADGNYEGEcyChAAGLADGNYEGEdI3A5QmwhYpA1wAXgBkAEAmAGUA6AB6QiqAQUzLTIuMbgBA8gBAPgBAZgCAaACBJgDAIgGAZAGCJIHATGgB6IR&sclient=gws-wiz-serp - search results returned of interest - Food from urban agriculture has carbon footprint 6 times - A new study finds that fruits and vegetables grown in urban farms and gardens have a carbon footprint that is, on average, six times greater . - https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/01/240122140408.htm

for - seawater farming - replacing normal agriculture in Bangladesh flood plain

for - agriculture - climate change challenge - less rainwater and less water retentive soils

for - stats - agriculture - 1/3 of world's soils are degraded

for - saltwater agriculture - saltwater farming - seawater farming - saline agroecology - Seawater solutions - Yanick Nyberg

for - progress trap - Agriculture appears to be a progress trap - Ronald Wright

argument - progress trap - Agriculture appears to be a progress trap - Ronald Wright - The early progress traps have been comparatively small in scale - During the stone age, there were no more than a few million people alive (3 to 5 million?) and - they destroyed all the big game where humans lived - The Sumerians, with a population of around one million people salted up and destroyed the fertile land of Southern Iraq - Now we have 8 billion people and a third of them are starving - Our continuous technology development is what enables us to stave off the day of reckoning but - we are losing a Scotland-size worth of topsoil every year to - soil erosion - urban sprawl - We still face the possibility of collapse - Our species has existed for 5 to 6 million years and - civilization is an experiment that has only emerged about 10,000 years ago - It's still very possible for the experiment to fail

for - progress trap - agriculture that could work - historical terraced cultivation in Peru and China

for - history - agriculture - Holocene required

history - agriculture - Holocene required - Ronald Wright makes a good point, without a long stable climate period such as the Holocene, agricultural experimentation would not have succeeded

for - corn - thousands of years to breed from 1 cm cob to present size - transition - stone age to agriculture - importance of women

for - progress - transition from stone age hunter gatherers to agriculture - role of women and children

for - agriculture was invented in at least a dozen places around the world

for post comment - LinkedIn - carbon sequestration - Jonathan Foley - Regenerative Agriculture

Seit 1970 ist der Bestand an Fischen, die zu wandernde Arten gehören, um 80% gesunken, wie ein neuer Bericht zur Aktualisierung des Living Planet Index zeigt. Verantwortlich ist vor allem die Zerstörung von Fluss- und anderen Wasserökosystemen durch Staudämme, Bergwerke und Schadstoffe. Der Populationsrückgang ist weltweit am deutlichsten ist der in Südamerika und der Karibik. Ein Viertel der Süßwasser Fischarten ist vom Aussterben bedroht.https://www.theguardian.com/environment/article/2024/may/21/living-planet-index-migratory-freshwater-fish-populations-decline-dams-weirs-mining-water-abstraction-pollution-threat-aoe

Die französischen Obstbauern müssen ihre Produktion an die globale Erhitzung anpassen. Im Süden werden zunehmend Mandeln, Pistazien und Cashewnüsse angebaut. Dabei muss verhindert werden, dass durch zu viel industrielle Landwirtschaft die Ökosysteme weiter geschädigt werden. Der Agroökonom Serge Zaka fordert ein stärkeres Engagement des Staats bei der Umstellung und weist darauf hin, dass jetzt Entscheidungen getroffen werden, die die "weltweite Geopolitik der Ernährung" 2050 bestimmen werden.

https://www.liberation.fr/environnement/climat/changement-climatique-pour-larboriculture-lavenir-se-joue-maintenant-20230831_AEJ42FWLRZEKNJAB4TJU2JBUFI/

Der Guardian nennt die Stimmung der meisten von der Zeitung zu ihren Zukunfterwartungen befragten IPCC-Klimawissenschaftlerinnen düster; viele sind deprimiert. Viele der Forschenden, die die Zeitung als die am besten über die Zukunft Informierten bezeichnet, erwarten Hungersnöte, Massenmigration und Konflikte. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/ng-interactive/2024/may/08/hopeless-and-broken-why-the-worlds-top-climate-scientists-are-in-despair

Bacchus was the Romanisation of the Greek god Dionysus

Poverty in Rural America, 1965. http://archive.org/details/0223PovertyInRuralAmerica.

See this with respect to White Trash (Isenberg, 2016) and the quote about Charles Murray's idea that 1963 was peak America.

Die sogenannten Bauernproteste haben in Frankreich bewirkt, das 400 Mill. Euro zusätzliche Regierungshilfen bewilligt wurden. Die Zahlungen setzen eine Serie von Hilfsmaßnahmen fort, die dazu geführt haben, dass der französische Staat inzwischen im Jahr 2 Milliarden Euro an Hilfen für die Landwirtschaft zahlt. Eine neue Studie des frz. Instituts für Klimaökonomie fordert dagegen eine klimagerechte Reform der Landwirtschaft. https://www.liberation.fr/economie/agriculture-face-aux-crises-successives-les-aides-durgence-fleurissent-et-sintensifient-20240229_F53LZ5REGFETNNGQNV3GHUNZI4/

Studie: https://www.i4ce.org/edito-aides-crise-agricoles-augmentent-et-satisfaisant-pour-personne/

Der französische Haut Conseil pour le Climat, ein vom Präsidenten eingesetztes Beratungsgremium, hat im Januar eine Studie zur Dekarbonisierung der Landwirtschaft vorgelegt. Die Ernährung ist für 22% der französischen Emissionen verantwortlich . Der Bericht fordert eine radikale Umstellung der Landschaft auf Praktiken, die niedrige Emissionen und den Schutz von CO2-Senken sicherstellen. https://www.liberation.fr/environnement/le-haut-conseil-pour-le-climat-pointe-les-obstacles-a-la-decarbonation-de-lagriculture-20240125_5C3EGPXKWBCLBKWPNA6ELT7OFY/

Bericht: https://www.hautconseilclimat.fr/publications/accelerer-la-transition-climatique-avec-un-systeme-alimentaire-bas-carbone-resilient-et-juste/

Die EU-Kommission möchte die Bestimmung, dass die Landwirtschaft 4% der genutzten Flächen stillegt, um die Biodiversität zu fördern, aufgrund der sogenannten Bauernproteste außer Kraft setzen. https://taz.de/Zugestaendnisse-der-EU-an-Bauern/!5985994/

Im Kommentar des Handelsblatts wird kritisiert, dass die Landwirtschaft nach wie vor vom EU-Emissionshandel ausgenommen ist, obwohl sie erheblich zu den Treibhausgasemissionen beiträgt. https://www.handelsblatt.com/meinung/kommentare/kommentar-es-ist-an-der-zeit-dass-auch-bauern-eine-co2-abgabe-zahlen/100008538.html

Anlässlich eines Berichts über Klimafolgen in Europa und im Vorfeld eines Kongresses über Landwirtschaft und Ernährung in Rom geht die Repubblica auf die Folgen der globalen Erhitzung für die italienische Landwirtschaft ein. Wassermangel, verschärft durch gravierende Mängel der Infrastruktur gehört zu den Hauptproblemen. https://www.repubblica.it/economia/2023/11/20/news/clima_impazzito_italia_danni-420440725/

Bericht: https://www.divulgastudi.it/prodotti/emergenza-clima/

Ökologische und gesundheitliche Folgeschäden des aktuellen Landwirtschafts- und Ernährungssystems kosten in Deutschland jährlich 7%, global 10% des Bruttosozialprodukts (10 Billionen Dollar). Die Zahlen stammen aus einem neuen Bericht der FAO. https://taz.de/Neue-Studie-von-UN-Organisation/!5968357/

Studie: https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cc7724en

Hintergrundbericht über den Druck, mit dem interessierte Staaten und das FAO-Management versuchten, Berichte über die durch Viehzucht verursachten Treibhausgasemissionen zu verhindern bzw. zu schönen.https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/oct/20/the-anti-livestock-people-are-a-pest-how-un-fao-played-down-role-of-farming-in-climate-change

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shmita

During shmita, the land is left to lie fallow and all agricultural activity, including plowing, planting, pruning and harvesting, is forbidden by halakha (Jewish law).

The sabbath year (shmita; Hebrew: שמיטה, literally "release"), also called the sabbatical year or shǝvi'it (שביעית‎, literally "seventh"), or "Sabbath of The Land", is the seventh year of the seven-year agricultural cycle mandated by the Torah in the Land of Israel and is observed in Judaism.

• for: big ag, smallholding farmers, democratic agriculture, democratizing agriculture, democratizing farming

• for: futures - food production, futures - water production, desalination, ocean solar farm, floating solar farm, floating city
• title: An interfacial solar evaporation enabled autonomous double-layered vertical floating solar sea farm
• author: Pan Wu, Xuan We, Huimin Yu, Jingyuan Zhao, Yida Wang, Kewu Pi, Gary Owens, Haolan Xu
• date: Oct. 1, 2023
• source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1385894723041839?via%3Dihub#f0005
• comment
  • Since this simple design integrates fresh water and food production, it can be integrated as a module for a floating city.

What is regenerative agriculture and how can it help us get to net zero food systems

• for: energy diet, energy fast, degrowth, agriculture emissions, food system emissions

!- Original source of : polycrisis - According to Prof. Tom Murphy, the original source of our current polycrisis is our collective, human need for control and mastery of our environment starting with civilization building itself, - and has its roots over 10,000 years ago in the beginnings of agriculture

!- Tom Murphy : Comment His thesis is aligned with the work of: - Glenn Albrecht & Gavin Van Horn: Replacing the Anthropocene with the Symbiocene https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Fhumansandnature.org%2Fexiting-the-anthropocene-and-entering-the-symbiocene%2F&group=world - Buddhist scholar David Loy: On the Emptiness at the heart of the human being that cannot be filled by consumerism & materialism https://hyp.is/go?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdocdrop.org%2Fvideo%2F1Gq4HhUIDDk%2F&group=world - Korean / German philosopher Byung-Chul Han: The Burnout Society https://hyp.is/go?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdocdrop.org%2Fvideo%2FbNkDeUApreo%2F&group=world - Cognitive Scientist, Buddhist scholar Jay Garfield: Losing the Self: https://hyp.is/go?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdocdrop.org%2Fvideo%2FE5lW5XedNGU%2F&group=world

Oil is a component of fertilizer

The effect is that the oil price become a component of the price of food.

Progress traps through history: * 1. Sumerian civilization (Iraq) irrigation system turned fields into salty desert * Greek and Roman empire - chronic soil erosion also eroded these empires * Classic Mayan empire may have collapsed due to the last 2 of 7 megadroughts because it was over-urbanized and used up all water sources, leaving no buffer in case of drought: https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/02/new-clues-about-how-and-why-the-maya-culture-collapsed/

As per the last comment above, Tel Aviv researchers surmise that the progressive extirpation of all the large prey fauna over the course of 1.5 million years forced society in the Southern Levant to innovate agriculture as a means of survival. Our early ancestors did not have accurate records that could reveal the trend of resource depletion so continued short term resource depletion in each of their respective lifetimes.

Anthropology and Archelogy findings support the idea that humans began laying progress traps as early as two million years ago. Our great success at socialization and communication that harnessed the power of collaboration resulted in wiping out entire species upon which we depended. Short term success leading to long term failure is a central pattern of progress traps.

Anthropology and Archelogy findings support the idea that humans began laying progress traps as early as two million years ago. Our great success at socialization and communication that harnessed the power of collaboration resulted in wiping out entire species upon which we depended. Short term success leading to long term failure is a central pattern of progress traps.

A remarkable paper from Tel Aviv researchers studying early hunters in the Southern Levant as early as 1.5 million years ago revealed that our ancestors in this part of the world were poor resource managers and over many generations, continually hunted large game to extinction, forcing descendants to hunt progressively smaller game.

Annotation of the 2021 source paper is here: https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fpii%2FS0277379121005230&group=world Annotation of a science news interview with the researchers here: https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedaily.com%2Freleases%2F2021%2F12%2F211221102708.htm&group=world

The researchers even surmise that the extinction of game animals by around 10,000 B.C. is what gave rise to agriculture itself!

This is a fascinating claim with far reaching consequences for modern humans dealing with the Anthropocene polycrisis.

Technological development seems to have been related to our resource overshoot. As we extirpated the larger prey fauna which were slower moving and able to be successfully hunted with crude weapons, our ancestors were forced to hunt smaller and more agile species, requiring better hunting technologies.

Agriculture could have been the only option left to our ancestors when there was insufficient species left to support society. This is the most salient sentence:

"we confirmed the hypothesis that the extinction of large animals was caused by humans -- who time and time again destroyed their own livelihood through overhunting. We may therefore conclude that humans have always ravaged their environment but were usually clever enough to find solutions for the problems they had created"

This is a disturbing finding as technology has allowed humanity to be the apex species of the planet and we are now depleting resources not on a local scale, but a global one. There is no planet B to move to once we have decimated the environment globally.

Have we progressed ourselves into a corner? Are we able to culturally pivot and correct such an entrenched cultural behavior of resource mismanagement?

This is an extraordinary claim, that due to extirpation of fauna prey species, we resorted to agriculture. In other words, that we hunted the largest prey, and when they went extinct, went after the next largest species until all the large megafauna became extinct. According to this claim, agriculture became a necessity due to our poor intergenerational resource management skills.

https://unherd.com/2022/05/george-monbiots-farming-fantasies/

<small><cite class='h-cite via'>ᔥ <span class='p-author h-card'>Jeremy Cherfas</span> in Eat This Podcast on Twitter: "Yup. Not bad at all." / Twitter (<time class='dt-published'>05/17/2022 00:55:31</time>)</cite></small>

Didn't expect the word milo here...

Stanford, J. (n.d.). Healthy humans drive the economy: We’re now witnessing one of the worst public policy failures in Australia’s history. The Conversation. Retrieved January 12, 2022, from http://theconversation.com/healthy-humans-drive-the-economy-were-now-witnessing-one-of-the-worst-public-policy-failures-in-australias-history-174606

Continuing on the analogy between addresses for zettels/index cards and for people, the differing contexts for cards and ideas is similar to the multiple different publics in which people operate (home, work, school, church, etc.)

Having these multiple publics creates a variety of cross links within various networks for people which makes their internal knowledge and relationships more valuable.

As societies grow the number of potential interconnections grows as well. Compounding things the society doesn't grow as a homogeneous whole but smaller sub-groups appear creating new and different publics for each member of the society. This is sure to create a much larger and much more complex system. Perhaps it's part of the beneficial piece of the human limit of memory of inter-personal connections (the Dunbar number) means that instead of spending time linearly with those physically closest to us, we travel further out into other spheres and by doing so, we dramatically increase the complexity of our societies.

Does this level of complexity change for oral societies in pre-agrarian contexts?

What would this look like mathematically and combinatorially? How does this effect the size and complexity of the system?

How can we connect this to Stuart Kauffman's ideas on complexity? (Picking up a single thread creates a network by itself...)

The sentiment that it is impossible to think without writing is patently wrong. While it's an excellent tool, it takes an overly textual perspective and completely ignores the value of orality an memory in prehistory.

Modern culture has lost so many of our valuable cultural resources that we have completely forgotten that they even existed.

Oral cultures certainly had networked thought, Luhmann and others simply can't imagine how it may have worked. We're also blinded by the imagined size of societies in pre-agricultural contexts. The size and scope of cities and city networks makes the history of writing have an outsized appearance.

Further, we don't have solid records of these older netowrks, a major drawback of oral cultures which aren't properly maintained, but this doesn't mean that they didn not exist.

How many non-agricultural societies practiced slavery?

Apparently some indigenous societies on the American Northwest Coast did down into coastal California.

was the invention of agriculture, and the higher population levels it sustained.

Graeber and Wengrow argue that many political theorists since Rousseau attribute the end of human equality to the rise of agriculture.

Another good question to look for clues in the text.

David Graeber and David Wengrow's book can be seen as having two broad arguments:

1. Dismantling the myth of "agriculture as the source of social inequality"
2. The Eurpoean Englightenment can be seen as being inspired by conversations with Indigenous, non-Western intellectuals and societies.

Open question: Were we englightened only just a little bit, but not enough? How do we get the other part of the transmitted package?

Apparently Yuval Harari didn't footnote very well as this idea is directly from Jared Diamond's Guns, Germs, and Steel which predated Harari's book.

The same topic is covered by Anand Giridharadas in Winners Take All and by Amy Westervelt in her podcast Drilled exploring the history of public relations.

We had the privilege of interacting with Vandana Shiva in the Trimtab Space Camp course, focused on regenerative agriculture, offered by the Buckminster Fuller Institute.

Vandana Shiva, a world-renowned environmental thinker, activist, feminist, philosopher of science, writer, and science policy advocate, is the founder of Navdanya Research Foundation for Science, Technology, and Ecology in India and President of Navdanya International.

The recipient of many awards, including the Right Livelihood Award, (the ‘Alternative Nobel Prize’) and the Sydney Peace Prize, she has been named among the top five “Most Important People in Asia” by AsiaWeek.

She is a prolific writer and author of numerous books and serves on the board of the International Forum on Globalization, and a member of the executive committee of the World Future Council.

Margaret Atwood & Leah Kostamo at the Green Gala

Leah Kostamo (co-founder of A Rocha Canada & author of Planted) interviews Magaret Atwood about her latest MaddAddam Trilogy & her concern for the environment.

“The Earthwise Don’t Mow, Grow! program utilizes the Society’s vast experience in organic growing and small-scale farming to transform lawns of any size into eco-friendly, organic food-growing spaces. By partnering with local residents to help them grow food at home, Earthwise replaces resource-hungry lawns with food gardens that will benefit both community and the environment.”

I learned about this project through my mother, who is growing vegetables in her backyard with the help of the Earthwise Society in Tsawwassen.

On Tuesday, 7 September 2021, during the Ecosystem Restoration Camps fireside chat, Hui Ran Too presented the work in Thailand in the Uthai Forest.

I learned about this book during the orientation meeting for the latest Trimtab Space Camp offered by the Buckminster Fuller Institute focusing on regenerative agriculture.

This idea of family orchards is featured in Rupert Sheldrake’s book, Science and Spiritual Practices: Transformative experiences and their effects on our bodies, brains and health.

The latest Trimtab Space Camp offered by the Buckminster Fuller Institute is focusing on regenerative agriculture.

Time in the US, Homelife, Parents, Jobs, Construction

Maxmen, A. (2021). Will COVID force public health to confront America’s epic inequality?. Nature, 592(7856), 674-680.

A richer and tastier alternative to hydroponics

CNN, S. L. E. (n.d.). More Hispanic workers impacted by Covid-19 in food processing and agriculture workplaces, CDC study finds. CNN. Retrieved 21 October 2020, from https://www.cnn.com/2020/10/20/health/cdc-study-covid-hispanic-workers/index.html

Chang, H.-H., & Meyerhoefer, C. (2020). COVID-19 and the Demand for Online Food Shopping Services: Empirical Evidence from Taiwan (Working Paper No. 27427; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27427

Barlow, Pepita, Rachel Loopstra, Valerie Tarasuk, and Aaron Reeves. “Liberal Trade Policy and Food Insecurity across the Income Distribution: An Observational Analysis in 132 Countries, 2014–17.” The Lancet Global Health 8, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): e1090–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30263-1.

Barichello, R. (n.d.). The COVID-19 Pandemic: Anticipating its Effects on Canada’s Agricultural Trade. Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue Canadienne d’agroeconomie, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/10.1111/cjag.12244

Ojibwe prefer provisions

Reasons for staying at Fond du Lac

• property
• agriculture
• school
• less Catholicism than in past

Ayer argues that Pokegoma deserves a higher ration of money because they have more missionaries and more natives that need help with agriculture

the land is good for several people to farm, but not for whole communities

because of an increase in long term agriculture, men spending fall and winter hunting is not necessary, but done almost out of habit according to Ayer

promise of 30-40 Native families at Pokegoma in the Spring

Natives are beginning to move into and around Pokegoma and build houses and farms

agricultural failures forced the Ojibwe to travel to deer land for food, so they are removed from the influence of the missionaries during the winter

the school will have to feed children regardless, but parents can contribute more if they settle down and cultivate land

Schoolcraft wants a school in this area and will work with Boutwell to make it happen (at Red Lake over Sandy Lake because of the land is better at Red Lake)

small farm near Trading Port

some sort of food is obtained at Red Lake from the Natives there (I can't read what it is)

description of Mr. A's land/house, out of which he conducts trade and grows his own food

The majority of this Native band is either hunting or fishing

Mr. S comes to what was once Fon du Lao department where a Mr. Morison conducted trade with the Natives. it is now run down and run by Mr. Cote, a French man. The land is still good for agriculture.

Natives planted potatoes which are now sprouting

the writers notes how the cropland of Mr. W - with some "industry and economy" can be made to sustain a small mission family

the only way to improve all aspects of Native life (agriculture and politics mentioned) is to Christianize them calls their current practices "the besetting sin of the belief in magic" and "idolatry & spirit-worship"

Writer with a focus on agriculture and indigenous issues.

Growth in agribusiness not extending to smaller, Andean region famers.

15 crops account for 85% of harvested area

Consistent with the World Bank report: http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/107451498513689693/pdf/P162084-06-26-2017-1498513685623.pdf