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    1. Taking the time to review your annotations will also teach you aboutyourself as a reader

      Looking back on your annotations and comparing them to others' annotations of the same section is definitely an important part of the annotation process. If you look back at your own annotations and how it compares to the annotations of others', you will be able to get a better grasp of that section, which will enable you to be a better annotator in the future.

    2. Images, including gifs, function in many social annotation platforms.Sometimes writers use these humorously to illustrate their reactions, es-pecially when I ask them to annotate our syllabus and assignment sheets.Reginald, one of my students, included a gif of a man throwing a cellphone against a wall to illustrate his response to a request to keep cellphone notifications off during class.

      I have never thought about how people may use annotations in this way to describe how a certain thing makes them feel. It is interesting to think about what can be accomplished with this technology, since it adds another way that you can express yourself during the annotation process.

    3. What experiences haveyou had with annotation? How might those experiences prepare you to read incommunity with others?

      I have little experience with annotation, since I have never really thought that it would help me, and none of my previous instructors have ordered me to do so. I think annotation definitely has some benefits to it, but it just does not resonate with me, and maybe that is because I do not view reading the same ways as others.

    4. This knowledgecan help you learn about others’ perspectives

      This statement is effective because it highlights one of the key benefits of collaborative or social learning.

    5. Through socialannotation, you can contribute to conversations about reading and writingto enrich learning in the course, much like when you participate in classdiscussions

      This statement is strong because it clearly connects social annotation to active participation. By comparing it to class discussions, it helps readers understand that annotation is not just marking up a text—it’s a form of engagement and conversation.

    6. Social annotation makes visible the different ways people read to ac-complish their goals

      This statement is effective because it highlights the value of perspective. By saying social annotation “makes visible” different ways of reading, it suggests that reading is not a single, uniform process.

    7. Before the inven-tion of the printing press, it was common to share a text and annotationsamong groups of readers even though the technology made reproducingthe text and annotations time consuming

      This statement is strong because it provides historical context that deepens the reader’s understanding of annotation. By referencing a time before the printing press, it shows that sharing texts and annotations is not just a modern academic strategy, but a long-standing practice.

    8. You’ll learn about what social an-notation may offer as a tool for engaging with the communities in whichyou read

      This statement is effective because it builds anticipation and introduces a new idea in a forward-looking way. By saying “You’ll learn,” it signals that the reader is about to gain knowledge or insight, which creates engagement and curiosity.

    9. You may have used digital annotation tools. But, if you’re likemany of my students, annotation might have been a reading strategy youpracticed alone

      This statement acknowledges different possibilities—digital annotation tools versus practicing alone—which makes the statement balanced and realistic.

    10. In a composition course, successful reading may differdepending on a writer’s purpose.

      I like this annotation because it shows an understanding that reading is not one-size-fits-all, especially in a composition course. This also shows how what they read depends on what they are trying to accomplish as a writer.

    1. Harnessing

      Problem There are no citations for this eBook. I would love to see citations. Especially for SoTL (Science of Teaching and Learning) - and particularly because this is an eBook for Higher Education. Without citations, you are merely doing bad-theft - because you give no credit. Watch from 3:42

    1. The reason is the principle of comparative advantage, which says that each country should specialize in the products that it can produce most readily and cheaply and trade those products for goods that foreign countries can produce most readily and cheaply. This specialization ensures greater product availability and lower prices.

      The explanation of comparative advantage helps clarify why countries trade even if one country can produce everything more efficiently. It reminds me of group projects because each person focuses on what they do best so the overall result is stronger. This challenges the argument that stopping trade would protect jobs, because trade actually increases efficiency and total output.

    2. U.S. managers must develop a global vision if they are to recognize and react to international business opportunities, as well as remain competitive at home. Often a U.S. firm’s toughest domestic competition comes from foreign companies. Moreover, a global vision enables a manager to understand that customer and distribution networks operate worldwide, blurring geographic and political barriers and making them increasingly irrelevant to business decisions. Over the past three decades, world trade has climbed from $200 billion a year to more than $1.4 trillion.1 U.S. companies play a major role in this growth in world trade, with 113 of the Fortune 500 companies making over 50 percent of their profits outside the United States.

      The main point of this section seems to be that having a global vision is no longer optional for U.S. businesses. I found it interesting that many U.S. companies like Apple and Microsoft earn over half their profits outside the United States. This shows that even companies we think of as “American” are actually deeply dependent on international markets.

    3. Even if the United States had an absolute advantage in both coffee and air traffic control systems, it should still specialize and engage in trade. Why? The reason is the principle of comparative advantage, which says that each country should specialize in the products that it can produce most readily and cheaply and trade those products for goods that foreign countries can produce most readily and cheaply. This specialization ensures greater product availability and lower prices.

      Comparative advantage is a great way to increase productivity because even if one country has the absolute advantage in producing a lot of goods, it would be better if another country could produce those goods for a lower cost.

    4. Many countries depend more on international commerce than the United States does. For example, France, Great Britain, and Germany all derive more than 55 percent of their gross domestic product (GDP) from world trade, compared to about 28 percent for the United States.5

      This shows how important doing business internationally is for the well-being of a country. Furthermore, it shows how beneficial trade is for creating jobs.

    5. outsourcing

      Outsourcing refers to sending domestic jobs that can be done in one country to another, typically to reduce costs. They can reduce costs by outsourcing to lower-income countries, where they pay less for the same amount of work they pay for in their own country. There are pros and cons, such as being able to provide lower-cost services or products, but this means that jobs are being removed from the country to a different country, which results in the unemployment percentage going up.

    6. protectionism

      Without protectionism, free trade exists. Itallows anyone, businesses included, to buy and sell without restrictions. It has been nearly impossible in today's world to have free trade, as each nation protects its home industries from outside competition through different forms. Most, if not all, countries have some form of protectionism. They do this so as not to cause harm to their economy and local industries.

    7. Companies decide to “go global” for a number of reasons. Perhaps the most urgent reason is to earn additional profits. If a firm has a unique product or technological advantage not available to other international competitors, this advantage should result in major business successes abroad. In other situations, management may have exclusive market information about foreign customers, marketplaces, or market situations. In this case, although exclusivity can provide an initial motivation for going global, managers must realize that competitors will eventually catch up. Finally, saturated domestic markets, excess capacity, and potential for cost savings can also be motivators to expand into international markets. A company can enter global trade in several ways, as this section describes.

      This is important because it explains why companies choose to expand into other countries. Businesses often go global to make more profit, especially if they have a unique product or special knowledge that gives them an advantage. They may also expand because their home market is full, they have extra production capacity, or they can reduce costs by operating internationally. Understanding this helps us see how and why companies grow beyond their own borders.

    8. A country has an absolute advantage when it can produce and sell a product at a lower cost than any other country or when it is the only country that can provide a product. The United States, for example, has an absolute advantage in reusable spacecraft and other high-tech items. Suppose that the United States has an absolute advantage in air traffic control systems for busy airports and that Brazil has an absolute advantage in coffee. The United States does not have the proper climate for growing coffee, and Brazil lacks the technology to develop air traffic control systems. Both countries would gain by exchanging air traffic control systems for coffee.

      These paragraphs explain the absolute advantage and why countries benefit from trade. This means that if each country is better at producing certain goods, they should specialize in what they do best and trade. By doing this, both countries would benefit instead of trying to produce things they are not good at making.

    9. Even if the United States had an absolute advantage in both coffee and air traffic control systems, it should still specialize and engage in trade. Why? The reason is the principle of comparative advantage, which says that each country should specialize in the products that it can produce most readily and cheaply and trade those products for goods that foreign countries can produce most readily and cheaply. This specialization ensures greater product availability and lower prices.

      Comparative advantage is a simple way for countries to benefit from trade. Some countries have an absolute advantage in certain goods and can trade those goods to a different country that may need them, in exchange for a good that they need. This promotes efficiency in our economy because everyone will be better off trading for a good they need, rather than producing it themselves at a high price. Comparative advantage will also show what goods need to be imported and exported in a country.

    10. Each year the United States exports more food, animal feed, and beverages than the year before. A third of U.S. farm acreage is devoted to crops for export. The United States is also a major exporter of engineering products and other high-tech goods, such as computers and telecommunications equipment. For more than 60,000 U.S. companies (the majority of them small), international trade offers exciting and profitable opportunities. Among the largest U.S. exporters are Apple, General Motors Corp., Ford Motor Co., Procter & Gamble, and Cisco Systems.

      Exporting and importing goods are some of the best ways for an economy to be efficient. Exporting, in particular, is beneficial for the U.S. because it creates new job opportunities and increases wages. Also, to export goods, the U.S. will be exposed to a competitive international market, which forces us to become more productive. Exporting goods internationally opens you up to a global market that offers higher production, greater profits, and greater scalability.

    1. Can I feel inside my hand?It's a really... I've never...-Sense your hand.-I've never...I've never tried to do this.Okay. We're gonna try it right now.Okay, so sense your hand.Sense your index finger from the inside.Index. That's pinkie.Okay.-Yeah, it's kind of warm.-Yeah.Warm and what else?Numb. I don't know. Warm and numb.-Numb?-I don't know if numb is the right word.It just feels like an energy, you know.Yeah, you're right. See if you can senseyour whole hand from the insidein the same way.Take your time.If you've never done this before,it's hard.Yeah, I can feel something in there.Like...You do?Let it just...Gently let your attention go up your arm.Yeah.See if you can sense your whole armfrom the inside.Yeah, it feels like there's wolvesrunning in my arm.Oh. It does not.See if you can sense both of your armsat the same time from the inside.Yeah, I could do that.And if you can do that, add your legs,so that you can sense your armsand your legs at the same timefrom the inside.Yeah, it's weird. Yeah, I can do that.That...is presence.That's weird.-I've never done that before. It's weird.-That's presence.And what you're doingis you're not in your mind.This gets you out of your mind.You are not mediating your senseof your arms and legs through your mind.Through your mind. Mental.So that's a way to get out of your head.That's what you can do immediatelywhen you're on the side of the riverbeing nibbled by weasels and bees.And so the next thingyou can do, Duncan...Yes?...is, while you are sensingyour arms and your legs simultaneously...Yes....add two more facets.Look. Sense your arms and legs and look.-Look at what?-Whatever you see.Just let it come to you.-Don't search it out.-Okay.Just take in what you see.It's a bee with a thousand eyes and horns,-holding a dagger covered in pentagrams.-If you're on the side of the river,what else could it be?-You know...-Wait a minute. There's one more piece.Go ahead.And listen.So you sense your arms and legs...you look and you listen,all at the same time.Three things you're doing.Yeah, I get it. It gives youa kind of clarity. It kind of...It gives you clarityand it takes you into a slightly differentdimension of consciousness.It's quite different, actually.It is quite different.Because I've got a microphone in my face,it's hard for me to do what I would...Like if I was really sitting by myself...But I think that this recipefor a meditative exercise is awesome.Well, what it does is it allows youto get into presence without a teacherand without a penny to your name.-Yes.-And even as you are in that...um, state of presence...if you are in it, even for a minute,if you can stay in it for a minute,you will begin to sense the flow...-Right.-...of energy.You will sense that there is a river,because a lot of peopleon the side of the riverdon't even realize there's a river.Right.-So...-What's the river?It's reality, with its...flowing dynamism.
    2. But also, you know,if you look at the world,what you seeis things appearing and disappearing,and humans are a partof the whole of that,and humans appear and they disappear.- Hmm.- Off the face of the Earth.That just happens.You know, our egos personalize itand we consider ourselves special cases.-Yes.-But we're really not, you know?We are a part of the wholeand everything in the wholetransforms all the time.It changes form. Transfigures.You're a special case.- That's 'cause I'm your mama.- No!No, I know there's... I know, but come on.There's no way to stop the heartbreak.How do you...What do you do about that?You cry.You cry.It's really hard.But it's definitely somethingeveryone's got to, you know, deal with.Yeah.And it's such a strange thing.I mean, the universe, it...it seems so stable......if you are...you know.......in this kind of automatic state.And the encounter with truth,which, for me, you dying...your dying....This thing has beenprobably the greatest...run-in with truth that I've hadin my whole life.You can't really...It's inexpressible.Yeah.But it's not like it makes you feel...This... This is not a feeling of, like...-This is not a desirable feeling.-No.But it's a feeling that every singlehuman being will experienceone way or the other.It is.But so much...So many of us are spending so much timeengaged in just ridiculous activities,it seems like,just to try to avoid this experience.Exactly.People really try to avoidthe consideration that they are gonna dieand that people they love are gonna die.It opens your heart.It breaks your heart open.- Yes.- You know?Our hearts have been closed,because we've closed them.We've defended ourselves against pain.And this opens them.Opening your heart sucks.- It hurts.- This is the thing.This is the thing Ram Dasstalks about all the... It hurts.Does it always hurt?Does opening your heart always just hurt?Are you just in a constant state of...No, it doesn't always hurt.But when it really cracks open, it hurts.You know? And it does.Even the hurt transforms,because if you inquire into the hurt,you know what you're experiencing is love.-Right.-The real deal.Yeah, it's... Yeah, right.Because it's seeing newness.It's seeing how much you value life.Yes. And the reasonI look better now than I ever have- is because I am more fully living.- Right.Because I'm living and dying consciously.Simultaneously, I'm holding both.
      • our egos personalize our life experience
      • transformation is what's constant in the universe
      • the only way to grieve is to cry
      • pain opens your heart
      • "if you inquire into the hurt, you know what you're experiencing is love"
      • living and dying consciously and simultaneously
    3. You subscribe to the ideathat the formative years...create the beginning of a patternthat goes throughout your life?Yes. I would saythat the first five years of our livesshapes the personality structurein such a waythat any kind of spiritual workthat you're gonna do later......is going to involvelooking back at the patternsthat were set downin your family of origin.There's no way to avoid that?No. Because, think about it...I mean, anything that you werereinforced for in a positive way,you're gonna lock inas the way a person should be.So if people thought you, um...were especially wonderful if you broughtMommy the diaper for the new baby,then that's gonna tend to make youmore responsible.Maybe more responsiblethan you ever tended to be.Maybe super responsibleor maybe compulsively responsible.-Right.-So you start with where you are,but if you don't go backand see what's real and what's not real,then you're missing your way into reality,which is what spirituality is all about,as far as I'm concerned.It's distinguishing what's realfrom what's not real.And that's why a teacher is needed,and the teacher needs to bedevoted to truth.
      • the formative years build who you will be for the rest of your life
      • any healing work that you'll do later in life requires looking back at the formative years
      • a teacher needs to be devoted to truth
    1. Catching your reader's attention in the first few seconds of reading is important and the sentence(s) after the introduction leads the pathway to the thesis.

    1. La gestion de classe : Réalités et pistes de solution

      Ce document de synthèse récapitule les points essentiels de la formation dispensée par Elfa Hakimi et Ian Ducharme pour le Centre franco lors de l'Institut d'hiver 2025. Il explore les défis contemporains de la gestion de classe et propose des cadres théoriques et pratiques pour favoriser un environnement d'apprentissage optimal.

      Résumé exécutif

      La gestion de classe ne se limite pas à la discipline ; elle constitue un défi multidimensionnel exigeant une planification rigoureuse des ressources, l'établissement de relations authentiques et une communication pédagogique explicite. Les points saillants de cette analyse incluent :

      L'approche systémique de Nancy Gaudreau : Utilisation de la métaphore des « cinq doigts de la main » pour structurer la gestion (ressources, attentes, relations, engagement, indiscipline).

      Le passage de la réaction à la proaction : L'importance d'anticiper les comportements par l'enseignement explicite des routines et la connaissance approfondie du profil des élèves.

      L'équilibre relationnel : L'adoption d'une posture d'adulte selon l'analyse transactionnelle pour éviter le « triangle dramatique » (Persécuteur, Sauveur, Victime).

      L'engagement par la clarté : L'utilisation de résultats d'apprentissage (RA) et de critères de réussite (CR) visibles pour donner du sens aux tâches.

      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

      1. Les défis de la gestion de classe contemporaine

      La gestion de classe est un défi incontournable qui influence directement le bon déroulement des apprentissages.

      Les comportements perturbateurs (bavardages, distractions, désobéissance, agressions) proviennent de facteurs divers :

      Troubles intrinsèques : Troubles de l'attention ou difficultés émotionnelles.

      Facteurs extrinsèques : Conflits interpersonnels ou situations familiales complexes.

      Désintéressement : Concurrence des stimuli externes (ex. : jeux vidéo).

      La formation souligne que l'enseignant doit agir comme un animateur capable de « vendre sa salade » en rendant les tâches attrayantes et accessibles.

      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

      2. Le cadre de référence : Les cinq ingrédients de Nancy Gaudreau

      Inspiré de l'ouvrage de Nancy Gaudreau, ce modèle utilise les doigts de la main pour symboliser les piliers d'une gestion efficace.

      A. Le Pouce : La gestion des ressources

      Il s'agit de l'organisation matérielle et humaine :

      Temps et espace : L'espace est considéré comme le « troisième enseignant ». Il doit être polyvalent (travail en grand groupe, en dyades, centres de lecture).

      Ressources humaines : Utilisation des élèves comme « gardiens du temps », implication des parents, des orthopédagogues et des techniciens.

      Technologie : Intégration du codage et de la littératie numérique pour accroître la motivation.

      B. L'Index : Les attentes claires

      Ce pilier concerne la définition des règles et des routines :

      Enseignement explicite : Ne rien prendre pour acquis. On modélise le comportement (« Je fais »), on le pratique ensemble (« Nous faisons »), puis l'élève l'exécute seul (« Tu fais »).

      Signalétique visuelle : Utilisation de pictogrammes ou de systèmes de couleurs (vert, jaune, rouge) pour définir les niveaux de bruit permis selon l'activité (temps libre vs transition).

      C. Le Majeur : Les relations sociales positives

      La qualité du lien enseignant-élève est primordiale :

      Authenticité : Apprendre les prénoms rapidement, s'intéresser aux centres d'intérêt des élèves (ex. : sport) et échanger de manière informelle.

      Respect mutuel : Utiliser un ton calme, même en situation de conflit, et dissocier le comportement de la personne.

      D. L'Annulaire : L'attention et l'engagement

      Maintenir l'intérêt sur l'objet d'apprentissage :

      Zone proximale de développement : Proposer des tâches ni trop simples ni trop complexes pour éviter le découragement.

      Stratégies de captation : Utiliser des techniques de « reset » (éteindre les lumières, tapements de mains rythmés, signaux non verbaux comme le doigt sur le nez).

      E. L'Auriculaire : La gestion de l'indiscipline

      Bien que plus petit, ce doigt est crucial pour traiter les comportements inacceptables :

      Proaction : Anticiper les crises en connaissant les dossiers scolaires (DSO).

      Autorégulation : Enseigner l'empathie et la gestion des émotions par des cercles de communication.

      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

      3. Cadres théoriques de l'accompagnement

      La théorie de la réalité (William Glasser)

      Ce processus en huit étapes vise à responsabiliser l'élève plutôt qu'à le punir :

      1. Créer un lien.

      2. Identifier le comportement.

      3. Faire évaluer le comportement par l'élève (« Est-ce que cela t'aide ? »).

      4. Établir un plan.

      5. Obtenir un engagement.

      6. Démontrer de la confiance.

      7. Ne pas accepter d'excuses ni punir inutilement.

      8. Persévérer.

      L'Analyse Transactionnelle (Eric Berne)

      Les interactions en classe sont influencées par trois états du « moi » :

      Le Parent (Normatif ou Nourricier) : Établit les attentes ou soutient.

      L'Adulte : État rationnel et équilibré à privilégier pour la résolution de problèmes.

      L'Enfant (Spontané, Soumis ou Rebelle) : Siège des émotions.

      Le Triangle Dramatique à éviter :

      Le Persécuteur : Domine et punit (« Tu es insupportable »).

      Le Sauveur : Fait le travail à la place de l'élève, nuisant à son autonomie.

      La Victime : Se sent impuissante et évite ses responsabilités (« Je suis nul »).

      --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

      4. Pistes pratiques et méthodologiques

      | Thème | Stratégies suggérées | | --- | --- | | Communication | Remplacer « Est-ce que tu comprends ? » par « Peux-tu reformuler dans tes mots ? ». | | Littératie | Utilisation de centres d'apprentissage et de la Littératie Structurée (80% grand groupe, 15% petit groupe, 5% individuel). | | Numératie | Pratiques pédagogiques à fort impact, manipulation de matériel concret, robotique et classes « collaboréflexives ». | | Rétroaction | privilégier le renforcement positif (« strokes ») et célébrer les progrès par des privilèges ou des certificats de valeur. |

      Conclusion

      Une gestion de classe efficace repose sur la capacité de l'enseignant à rester flexible et à adapter son style (autocratique, démocratique ou permissif) selon la situation.

      En rendant l'apprentissage visible et en structurant l'environnement de manière prévisible, l'enseignant réduit les opportunités d'indiscipline et favorise le succès de tous les élèves.

    1. Again the gangster was illuminating changes in the lives of his

      I was unable to complete the quotation, but gangsters are a mirror businessmen. As was discussed in American Values and Organized crime, gangsters operate on the belief that humans are inherently corrupt and they are above the "suckers" for embracing that. In the full quote, which expands onto the next page, it discusses their mirroring of their counterparts. Gangsters serve as a simultaneously less and more apparent indicator of the trends of these people at the time in their embracing of their base desires and subsequent frequenting of these institutions.

    2. More than ever before, prod uct s wereimportant not only because of the immediate function they served,but because of the images they conveyed.

      This sentence immediately explains a theme that I think is relevant, especially to The Great Gatsby. Presentation. Gangsters seek to build an image of respectability despite their criminal behaviors, dressing lavishly and building fronts (though cleaning their money is a big component) Gatsby throws his parties and dresses in fine clothes to make an impression. Bill The Butcher dressed in finer clothes than his actual position would indicate.

    1. The interactive website uses clever tactics to engage the reader — I particularly liked the quiz at the beginning. The combination of specific, personal examples and analytical research brings home the wide and discouraging discrepancies embedded in everything we read.

      I think that this works well thanks to the interactivity, allowing the user to be engaged with the content. This makes it so that the power of the message is strengthened by allowing users to fully see it all visually.

    1. LTG Harter and his wife Erin have been married for over 35 years and have three children. They currently live in Stafford, Virginia.

      LTG Harter is divorced and has three children. His hometown is Alaska.

    1. risk.”

      Essentially, we aren't rehabilitating the offenders who engage in child pornography. We are simply providing them with another way to access the material, even if it is AI-generated. Treatment should be focused on correcting the sexual attraction towards children instead of assisting in facilitating their fantasies.

    2. First, there is no evidence that individuals without pedophilic proclivities will become interested in viewing child pornography merely because it becomes accessible in an AI-generated form

      In my opinion, more individuals will explore and play around with the idea of AI-generated child pornography once it gains more attention in the media.

  3. www.planalto.gov.br www.planalto.gov.br