https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wire_signal

This is a dummy annotation

Interview mit Michael Frost, dem Berichterstatter der Vereinten Nationen zur Aarhus-Konvention, über die Kriminalisierung von zivilem Ungehorsam. Frost spricht unter anderem über die Legitimierung zivilen Ungehorsams durch internationale Verträge, über die pädagogische Funktion von Strafgerichtshöfen und über die Beeinflussung der Gesellschaft durch Prozesse, die zivilen Ungehorsam nicht oder nur geringfügig bestrafen.https://www.liberation.fr/environnement/climat/en-criminalisant-les-defenseurs-de-lenvironnement-on-criminalise-la-cause-quils-defendent-20230530_7XKAGNYAJFD5TDNMCUD23B65QA/

Die Vereinigung der französischen Versicherer rechnet mit 100 Millionen Euro Kosten durch den Zyklon Belal, der die Insel La Réunion verwüstet hat. Die Wohnungen von ca. 42.000 Menschen wurden erheblich beschädigt oder zerstört. 4 Menschen starben. Die Überschwemmungen im Departement Pas-de-Calais werden die Versicherungen ca. 550 Millionen Euro kosten. https://www.liberation.fr/environnement/climat/cyclone-belal-le-cout-des-degats-estime-a-100-millions-deuros-a-la-reunion-20240130_XZFGJNIMHFHBPI7PMK7LCZUMAI/?redirected=1

Der staatliche saudische Ölkonzern Aramco verzichtet darauf, seine tägliche Ölproduktions-Kapazität bis 2027 von 12 auf 13 Millionen Barrel zu steigern. Als ein Grund dafür wird die gesteigerte Öl-Produktion der USA vermutet. Die Investitionen werden wohl in andere Bereiche, darunter Erdgas und Wasserstoff fließen. Aramco wird aber weiterhin investieren, um sinkende Kapazitäten der schon erschlossenen Ölfelder auszugleichen. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/30/business/saudi-aramco-oil-production.html

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/jan/30/fossil-fuel-industry-air-pollution-fund-research-caltech-climate-change-denial

Im Kommentar des Handelsblatts wird kritisiert, dass die Landwirtschaft nach wie vor vom EU-Emissionshandel ausgenommen ist, obwohl sie erheblich zu den Treibhausgasemissionen beiträgt. https://www.handelsblatt.com/meinung/kommentare/kommentar-es-ist-an-der-zeit-dass-auch-bauern-eine-co2-abgabe-zahlen/100008538.html

Das unabhängige britische Climate Change Committee hat seine Schlussfolgerungen enaus den Ergebnissen der Kopf 28 publiziert. Darin wird die britische Regierung zu einer deutlichen Beschleunigung der dekarbonisierung aufgefordert.Aaders sein die Verpflichtungen aus dem Pariser Abkommen nicht umzusetzen. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2024/jan/30/uk-must-act-urgently-to-meet-climate-commitments-says-watchdog

Die konservative Regierung in Schweden setzt wie die französische auf einen schnellen Ausbau der Nuklearenergie. Er ist ein Hauptthema beim Staatsbesuch Emanuel Macrons in Schweden. Greenpeace hält die Pläne für unrealistisch. Sie seien motiviert durch die trügerische Hoffnung auf unendlich viel Energie. https://www.liberation.fr/international/europe/relance-du-nucleaire-entre-la-suede-et-la-france-des-atomes-crochus-20240130_2DMODJVMXVEGVNCHXPEVCTI2QA/

In dem neuen sogenannten Österreic-Plan der ÖVP spielt Klimaneutralität keine Rolle. 20 Milliarden sollen bis 2030 in den Straßenbau investiert werden, zusätzlich eine Milliarde in sogenannte grüne Verbrenner. Außerdem setzt man auf CO2 Abscheidung und Speicherung. Fragen nach dem Klimaschutz gesetzt lassen die Verantwortlichen der ÖVP unbeantwortet. https://www.derstandard.de/story/3000000205164/von-oesterreich-plan-bis-klimagesetz-die-oevp-meidet-das-klima-thema

Überblicksartikel über klimapolitische Fort- und Rückschritte 2023, besonders zu Großbritannien, Schweden, den Niederlanden und China. Ausführlich wird auf Maßnahmen der britischen und schwedischen Regierung eingegangen, die die bisherige konsequente Klimapolitik deutlich verwässern. https://www.derstandard.de/story/3000000188940/war-2023-ein-jahr-der-klimapolitischen-rueckschritte

Das britische Climate Change Commitee hat seit 18 Monaten keinen Chair. Die Nichtbesetzung dieser Stelle durch die Regierung gilt ein Signal dafür, dass sie sich zunehmend von den Dekarbonisierungszielen der konservativen Vorgängerregierungen entfernt. Fachleute, darunter Nicolas Stern, kritisieren die Verzögerung. Das Komitee legt unter anderem die britischenTreibhausgas-budgets fest und hatte in der Vergangenheit die zu langsame Politik der Regierung wiederholt deutlich kritisiert.https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/dec/30/sunak-under-fire-failure-appoint-climate-committee-chief

Eric Weinstein - Why Can No One Agree On The Truth Anymore? - Modern Wisdom 676

Positive Meldungen zu Klima und Umwelt 2023: Rekordzuwachs bei den Erneuerbaren, deutliche Verlangsamung der Entwaldung am Amazonas, Abschluss des High Seas Treaty, Erfolg beim Kampf gegen das Ozonloch und weitgehende Wiederherstellung der französischen Grundwasservorräte durch massive Niederschläge. https://www.liberation.fr/environnement/climat/boom-des-energies-renouvelables-repit-pour-lamazonie-nappes-phreatiques-gonflees-a-bloc-retour-sur-les-quelques-bonnes-nouvelles-environnementales-de-2023-20231230_ADVIREAXPJFJ7DI766HR6GCBJ4/

Zusammenfassender Artikel über Studien zu Klimafolgen in der Antarktis und zu dafür relevanten Ereignissen. 2023 sind Entwicklungen sichtbar geworden, die erst für wesentlich später in diesem Jahrhundert erwartet worden waren. Der enorme und möglicherweise dauerhafte Verlust an Merreis ist dafür genauso relevant wie die zunehmende Instabilität des westantarktischen und möglicherweise inzwischen auch des ostantarktischen Eisschilds. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/dec/31/red-alert-in-antarctica-the-year-rapid-dramatic-change-hit-climate-scientists-like-a-punch-in-the-guts

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_dark_web

https://www.amazon.com/Great-Transformation-Beginning-Religious-Traditions/dp/0385721242

https://www.amazon.com/GREAT-BOOKS-David-Denby/dp/0684835339

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/dec/30/climate-scientists-hail-2023-as-beginning-of-the-end-for-fossil-fuel-era

https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/30/climate/emirati-fund-climate-cop28.html

https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/30/climate/2023-hottest-year-cop28.html

https://www.derstandard.at/story/3000000197439/luftverschmutzung-durch-fossile-energie-sorgt-fuer-mehr-als-fuenf-millionen-todesfaelle

https://www.derstandard.at/story/3000000197689/2023-auch-laut-uno-wohl-das-waermste-jahr-seit-messbeginn

https://colenda.library.upenn.edu/catalog/81431-p3xh3p

Reclaim Finance zufolge ist 2022/23 die Finanzierung von 437 Öl- und Gasprojekte genehmigt worden. Beteiligt sind 200 Unternehmen in 58 Ländern. Die Projekte widersprechen der Roadmap der IEA zur Klimaneutralität von 2021, in der keine neuen fossilen Projekte vorgesehen sind. Eine Schlüsselrolle haben staatliche Firmen in Öl und Gas produzierenden Staaten. Bei der Zahl der Projekte liegen Russland und Norwegen vorne. Europäische Ölgesellschaften haben eine Reduzierung ihrer (unzureichenden) Dekarbonisierungsziele angekündigt. https://www.liberation.fr/environnement/437-nouveaux-projets-petroliers-et-gaziers-quels-sont-les-pays-moteurs-des-energies-fossiles-en-2023-20231130_QRXDTQKM7NBIZGXWUNFQ7QRSWM/

Zu Beginn der COP28 wurde die Einrichtung eines loss and damage-Fonds entsprechend den kurz vorher vereinbarten Regularien beschlossen. Deutschland und die UAE sind die ersten Einzahler, andere Länder folgen. Damit kann die Konferenz mit einer Erfolgsmeldung beginnen. Die weitere Finanzierung ist allerdings unklar; die zu erwartenden Beträge bleiben weit hinter dem Bedarf zurück. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/nov/30/agreement-on-loss-and-damage-deal-expected-on-first-day-of-cop28-talks

Der deutsche Bundeskanzler Scholz, der eine kurze Reise nach Afrika absovierte, unterstützt Investitionen in Gasförderung und den Bergbau in Nigeria, blieb aber in öffentlichen Statements vage https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/germanys-scholz-says-his-country-willing-invest-nigerian-gas-minerals-2023-10-29/

Text einer Pressekonferenz des Bundeskanzlers: https://www.bundeskanzler.de/bk-de/aktuelles/pressekonferenz-von-bundeskanzler-scholz-und-dem-nigerianischen-praesidenten-bola-ahmed-tinubu-am-29-oktober-2023-in-abuja-2233816

Einer neuen Studie zufolge liegt das CO2 Budget, mit dem sich das 1,5 Grad Ziel mit wenigstens 50% Wahrscheinlichkeit noch erreichen ließe, bei 250 Milliarden Tonnen. Es ist damit nur halb so hoch, wie bisher angenommen. Bei der von den UN vorangetriebenen Halbierung der Emissionen bis 2030 liege die Chance bei maximal 40%. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/oct/30/climate-crisis-carbon-emissions-budget

Studie: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-023-01848-5

Viele Wissenschaftlerin:nen und NGOs appellieren an die französische Premierministerin Borne, nicht auf eine eingreifende Reform der Kriterien für die Vergabe des Labels "sozial verantwortliche Investition" zu verzichten, an der sich viele Privatinvestor:innen orientieren. Dabei geht es um den Ausschluss von Investitionen in fossile Energien, den Lobbyist:innen mit großem Druck verhindern wollen. https://www.liberation.fr/economie/jancovici-jouzel-wwf-greenpeace-un-collectif-interpelle-borne-pour-contrer-le-lobby-bancaire-sur-les-energies-fossiles-20231030_NFD72764QNCT3GPNU4X4NGU2SY/

https://www.derstandard.de/story/3000000193124/das-pariser-klimaziel-wird-frueher-verfehlt-als-bisher-angenommen

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shmita

During shmita, the land is left to lie fallow and all agricultural activity, including plowing, planting, pruning and harvesting, is forbidden by halakha (Jewish law).

The sabbath year (shmita; Hebrew: שמיטה, literally "release"), also called the sabbatical year or shǝvi'it (שביעית‎, literally "seventh"), or "Sabbath of The Land", is the seventh year of the seven-year agricultural cycle mandated by the Torah in the Land of Israel and is observed in Judaism.

https://www.opencampusmedia.org/2023/09/12/the-inspiration-for-californias-grand-experiment-at-community-colleges-wisconsin/

Via Nate Maertens

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/30/human-civilisation-climate-scientist-prof-michael-mann

Die Hochseefischerei hat 2018-2022 um 8,5% zugenommen. In den Gebieten , die dem neuen Internationalen Meeresschutzabkommen zu Folge unter Schutz gestellt werden sollen, steigerte sie sich sogar um 22%, wie eine neue Studie von Greenpeace darstellt.Greenpeace begründet mit der Studie die Forderung, den Meeresschutzvertrag schnellstmöglich umzusetzen. https://www.repubblica.it/green-and-blue/2023/09/14/news/pesca_overfishing_trattato_oceani_greenpeace-414483446/

Greenpeace-Bericht: https://www.greenpeace.org/static/planet4-italy-stateless/2023/09/bca4703b-30x30-from-got-to-protection-at-sea-full-report.pdf

https://www.linkedin.com/in/michaelgrossman/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon_Postel

http://zesty.ca/<br /> Ka-Ping Yee

http://zesty.ca/crit/

Purple is a suite of tools from 2001 that allow one to create numbered addresses/anchors at the paragraph level of a digital document.

Link: Dave Winer's site still has support for purple numbers.

!- Comment : 30 to 1 ratio of unequal exchange to North to South Aid - structural unfairness baked into the system - the North knowingly benefits - Knowing this, it can be argued that North states are structurally corrupt and morally bankrupt knowingly imposing this mass suffering upon the south

Artykuł poświęcony metodzie Zettelkasten Niklasa Luhmanna. Autor omawia ją na swój sposób, bardziej jednak zachwalając lub pisząc ogólnie, niż opisując szczegółowo. Podaje kilka informacji, opisuje swoje podejście i rozwiązania, powiela przy tym jednak parę błędnych przekonań.

Zaletą tekstu jest jednak to, że autor powołuje się na źródła, podaje parę ciekawych, w tym także naukowych, tekstów. Ogólnie sądzę, że to dobre wprowadzenie dla kogoś, kto nie zna tej metody, choć problemem jest powtarzanie błędnych przekonań. Z kolei dla osoby średniozaawansowanej nie ma tu nic odkrywczego i nowego.

Autor wymienia 12 podstawowych reguł Zettelkasten, jednakże powiela tym samym mity na temat tej metody.

1. "Atomowość" notatek - notatki wcale nie muszą być atomowe.
2. Autonomiczność notatek - notatki wcale nie muszą być autonomiczne.
3. Obowiązkowe linkowanie - notatki mogą być ze sobą powiązane również kategorią, w której się znajdują lub kolejnością, w jakiej występują.
4. Wyjaśnianie linkowania - nie ma potrzeby każdorazowego tłumaczenia, dlaczego łączy się notatki. Jeśli notatki są zrozumiałe same z siebie, w wielu przypadkach ich połączenie również jest zrozumiałe.
5. Pisanie własnymi słowami - zapisywanie cytatów, czy kopiowanie jest jak najbardziej dozwolone, trzeba tylko robić to umiejętnie.
6. Przypisy i źródła - jeśli notatka jest oparta na źródle, to oczywiste, w przeciwnym razie nie jest to niezbędne.
7. Dodawanie własnych przemyśleń - na tym polega idea notowania, jest to więc banalne stwierdzenie.
8. Nie przejmuj się strukturą - i tak i nie. Struktura nie jest nadrzędną zasadą, jednak warto mieć ją na uwadze, ponieważ pozwala organizować notatki i je potem odnajdywać.
9. Notatki łączące - to oczywista praktyka, zatem to nic szczególnego.
10. Notatki indeksowe - notatki ze spisem tematów, czy zarysem i tak dalej, to także dość oczywiste.
11. Nie usuwaj notatek - to akurat dobra rada, która jednak wynika też z tego, że notatki posiadają swoje miejsce w katalogu i indeksie, zatem ich usuwanie powodowałoby powstawanie pustych miejsc.
12. Dodawaj notatki bez obaw - cóż, odrobina motywacji na koniec nie zaszkodzi, ale czy to jakaś istotna zasada, nie wiem.

Rozwiązaniem tego problemu są odpowiednie notatki, które te połączenia właśnie prezentują. Poza tym, jak niby bez podziału na foldery te połączenia wyglądają?

To proste. W folderze "complexity".

Autor zdaje się nie do końca rozumieć zasadę katalogowania notatek.

Autorka przedstawia swoje podejście do notatek Zettelkasten, jednakże skupia się w głównej mierze na aspekcie estetycznym oraz materialnym (rodzaj fiszek, papier, pudełka, taśmy).

Warte uwagi są jednak dwa elementy: - segregowanie grup notatek, a tym samym tworzenie identyfikatora literowego od nazwy kategorii; - stosowanie kolorów dla oznaczania określonych grup notatek.

Autor przedstawia ideę commonplace book, przywołując zbiór cytatów na ten temat, przedstawiając to, jak rozumiano ten sposób gromadzenia informacji i tekstów (miejsce do przechowywania wiedzy), jak robili to różni ludzie (notatniki z wydzielonymi działami); przedstawia też powody czy motywacje, stojące za taką praktyką (potrzeba przywołania myśli, zebranych argumentów), na końcu zestawia commonplace book z internetem.

Autorka przedstawia zagadnienie robienia notatek i ich organizacji. Podaje również techniczne informacje na temat notatników i sposobów zapisywania informacji.

Autorka przedstawia następujące metody notowania: - metoda Cornella - plan punktowy, zarys (outline) - mapa myśli - commonplace book (autorka pokazuje przykład notatek Leonarda da Vinci) - dziennik (bullet journal) - Zettelkasten.

Ponadto autorka jeszcze podaje wskazówki, dotyczące ulepszenia metod notowania: ręczne notowanie, wyodrębnianie najważniejszych zagadnień, zadawanie pytań, używanie własnych słów, tagowanie notatek.

This is almost hilarious in light of how the U.S. Government has since repeatedly dispossessed Indigenous Americans of their lands for far less than "five shillings."

The articles I picked for my two picked was from CNN and the other was from the ny times. They both were very similar because they both were about how the US troops left Afghanistan after our 20 year war with them.

when finishing a paper make sure to add transition phrases such as " finally" , " so", " in conclusion".

Make sure to add facts and personal stories if you can that support the main idea of what you are writing about.

In this section make sure to include a summary of what you'll be writing about. an introduction to the paper. restate your main idea in your conclusion as well.

DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.06.001

Resource: (ZFIN Cat# ZDB-ALT-050617-30,RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-ALT-050617-30)

Curator: @Zeljana_Babic

SciCrunch record: RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-ALT-050617-30

What is this?

DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109255

Resource: (ZFIN Cat# ZDB-ALT-160721-30,RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-ALT-160721-30)

Curator: @Naa003

SciCrunch record: RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-ALT-160721-30

What is this?

Adam Finn. ‘There Are Some News Outlets & Politicians Incorrectly Reporting and Criticising Respectively MHRA for Advising against Use of OxAZ in under 30s. Neither MHRA nor EMA Have Done This. JCVI Have Expressed a Preference for Alternative Vaccines for Healthy under 30s in the UK Context’. Tweet. @adamhfinn (blog), 8 April 2021. https://twitter.com/adamhfinn/status/1380031766703058944.

AssayResult: 6.4

AssayResultAssertion: Normal

StandardErrorMean: 0.96

HGVS: NM_024675.3:c.2590C>T p.(Pro864Ser)

AssayResult: 92.43

AssayResultAssertion: Not reported

PValue: > 0.9999

Comment: Exact values reported in Table S3.

HGVS: NM_024675.3:c.3342G>C p.(Gln1114His)

AssayResult: 102.2

AssayResultAssertion: Not reported

ReplicateCount: 2

StandardErrorMean: 12.81

Comment: Exact values reported in “Source Data” file.

AssayResult: 91.11

AssayResultAssertion: Not reported

ReplicateCount: 3

StandardErrorMean: 17.74

Comment: Exact values reported in “Source Data” file.

AssayResult: 60.28

AssayResultAssertion: Not reported

ReplicateCount: 3

StandardDeviation: 0.14

StandardErrorMean: 0.1

Comment: Exact values reported in “Source Data” file.

HGVS: NM_024675.3:c.2816T>G p.(L939W)

AssayResult: 3.2

AssayResultAssertion: Abnormal

ReplicateCount: 16

StandardErrorMean: 0.5

Comment: This variant had loss of function of peak current (<10% of wildtype), therefore it was considered abnormal (in vitro features consistent with Brugada Syndrome Type 1). (Personal communication: A. Glazer)

HGVS: NM_198056.2:c.2701G>A p.(Glu901Lys)

HGVS: NM_000546.5:c.638G>A p.(Arg213Gln)

AssayResult: 98

AssayResultAssertion: Normal

Comment: See Table S2 for details

AssayResult: 5.6

AssayResultAssertion: Abnormal

Comment: See Table S2 for details

it happened again in 2016

The Republican party will never stop claiming the media is bias, so I am surprised they are claiming they have resolved this issue. I would think they would want to keep acknowledging it as an issue.

"The President has been regulating to death a free market economy" - it's interesting how much this preamble throws Trump under the bus

"our enemies no longer fear us and our friends no long trust us" - I guess the democrats and republicans agree on this.

"This platform is optimistic because the American people are optimistic." This is completely unsupported by everything stated before it.

"covenant" "Creator" "God-given natural resources" "prepared to deal with evil in the world" show religious tone

I feel like there are countries who fear his leadership.

I know that we are making history but it doesn't exactly feel like it. The election feels like a joke. There is a stark difference between what came out of Roosevelt's mouth and either of the presidential candidates mouth's. Now it is a matter of choosing the lesser of two evils than a heroic leader to help our country achieve greatness.

I feel like this goal has been abandoned.

What makes Americans not have a social solidarity?

What makes Americans so individualistic? What is different about Taiwan’s society that made their people more selfless?

This is so true with the Trump Administrations "Alternative Facts" it is as though we will soon be living in the dystopian novel Brave New World.

I want to reference the Netflix documentary Social Dilemma. The documentary says that the reason politics has become so polarized is because of social media. Everyone is operating off of a different set of facts.

Is it within Trump's right to do this?

Is it within trump's rights to do this?

Why did this not happen? I feel like it isn’t the federalist system in general that are failing us— it’s the leaders of the system. Why did congress not make a playbook and create incentives for states to follow them? This reminds me of how the drinking age became 21 in every state from the funding of the highways.

I wonder if a democrat was in office when covid hit if we would have stronger federal leadership. Would we have been in a state of emergency if someone who believed in the facts of science wasn’t in office? I have trouble believing that there is nothing the president could have done to prevent covid from getting this out of hand.

I didn’t know that it is within our rights to travel and associate with whomever we choose. I wouldn’t think the government would be able to control who would be able to leave their house or hang out with who anyway. I guess this shows how right the article about uninformed citizens we read last week is right.

I could not agree with this statement more. I think if the US had some kind of national healthcare program the coronavirus would be much more under control.

Yeah, but the relative power structures of each country at the point of isolation really was and remains so very different.

Moreover, the economic, technological and military solutions are without a doubt the best.

My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips' red;

Sonnet 130: My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun

§§. 21-36 & § 91(1) of the Constitution Act, 1867

Referenced in Re: Authority of Parliament in relation to the Upper House, [1980] 1 SCR 54, 1979 CanLII 169 (SCC)

§§. 21-36 & § 91(1) of the Constitution Act, 1867

Referenced in Re: Authority of Parliament in relation to the Upper House, [1980] 1 SCR 54, 1979 CanLII 169 (SCC)

§§. 21-36 & § 91(1) of the Constitution Act, 1867

Referenced in Re: Authority of Parliament in relation to the Upper House, [1980] 1 SCR 54, 1979 CanLII 169 (SCC)

What are the rules?

I think majority of the people in the transcripts are trying to give a metaphorical presentation of their pain – because it’s hard for someone, an outsider no less, to understand and fully grasp what an addict is going through and to know, truly, how difficult it is to get back on track – and even more so how dissuasive it feels to even return to their previous, healthy state.

This excerpt from the study is an example of an allegorical interpretation of their pain because they use actions or examples to better describe the pain they undergo during “withdrawal pain.” In the first instance of this excerpt, the girl describes how things are in much "higher contrast" - she can see the positives much brighter with these drugs, but she can also feel the negatives much deeper and opaque with the loss of it. Hence, the comparison creates a strong kind of dependency, a strong, overwhelming feeling of need. And at the last part of the section, they describe weapon metaphors such as "knife, or bones that cut through." That kind of extreme, brutal, and gruesome pain is being used in their narratives to describe the torture, the magnitude of what their "withdrawal pain" feels like.

Just because your parents are migrants, doesn't mean that you or them are different in anyway. no one should be separated from their family because of deportation and discrimination. Citizenship should be granted to all people regardless of their background

The rate of statelessness is rapidly increasing and at an all time high. However, nothing is being done to fix this issue.

Authorities went against their duties and disobeyed their orders to correctly deport people outside of the Dominican Republic.

IF you look at the stresses the shear stresses gets bigger to 45 degrees then gets smaller after 45 degrees. So why doesn't it follow the angle with seemingly the most stress. See Page: Why 30 degrees instead of 45 degrees Fracture Angle with sigma 1 Nature wants the minimum normal stress possible with the maximum shear stress possible and at 45 degrees we aren't in that sweet spot were the normal stress is as relatively small as possible and the shear spot is as relatively high as can been and this is at about 60 degrees this is why the faults will crack in the same orientation in nature.

Sun Jan 01 2017 13:59:12 GMT-0800 (Pacific Standard Time)

Fri Dec 30 2016 10:31:19 GMT-0800 (Pacific Standard Time)

In the Paris agreement, President Tommy Remengesau, Palau, called for inter alia: a regular review process that drives ambition; robust transparency rules; and a permanent loss and damage mechanism.

Calling for resolute action, President Ameenah Gurib-Fakim, Mauritius, said the Paris agreement should, inter alia: respect and maintain the principles of equity and CBDR; and treat adaptation and loss and damage as separate components of the agreement, anchoring loss and damage in it as a permanent mechanism.

Prime Minister Enele Sosene Sopoaga, Tuvalu, called for a permanent mechanism for loss and damage to be anchored in the “treaty” and easy access to predictable finance.

President Ali Bongo Ondimba, Gabon, urged parties to “act in order not to be responsible for something that we still can avoid,” and called for technology transfer in the areas of agriculture, forestry and clean energy, suggesting this is “the price of shared responsibility.”

President Vladimir Putin, Russian Federation, highlighted that it is possible to ensure economic development and take care of the environment, saying Russia stands ready to exchange energy efficiency solutions. He called for the new climate agreement to build on the principles of the UNFCCC, be legally-binding and include participation of developing countries.

Noting that current INDCs are voluntary and thus far not ambitious enough to attain the 2°C temperature goal, a goal insufficient for small island nations, Chancellor Angela Merkel, Germany, called for a binding review mechanism with a five-year cycle to begin in 2020 to ensure credibility and increased ambition.

President Maithripala Sirisena, Sri Lanka, emphasized the necessity of deep cuts in global emissions, considering the principle of historical responsibility, and said that technology transfer will ensure adaptation and nationally suitable mitigation actions in developing countries.

President Evo Morales, Bolivia, shared the outcome of the World People’s Conference on Climate Change and the Rights of Mother Earth, which took place in October 2015, in Cochabamba, Bolivia, and called on COP 21 to address capitalism, which he emphasized as the origin of the climate crisis.

Saying that COP 21 builds on the “historic and bold decisions taken at COP 17,” President Jacob Zuma, South Africa, called for a legally-binding agreement based on equity and differentiation that will enable ambitious action through the provision of means of implementation (MOI).

President Park Geun-hye, Republic of Korea, underscored the importance of a global carbon market that brings together developed and developing countries.

President Juan Hernández, Honduras, called for, inter alia, making the Warsaw Framework for REDD+ and WIM binding, and stressed the global average temperature rise should not exceed 1.5°C above the pre-industrial era.

Prime Minister Erna Solberg, Norway, announced that her country would double its contribution to the GCF by 2020 in the context of verifiable emissions reductions from REDD+.

President Juan Carlos Varela, Panama, proposed setting up an international center for facilitating a network of public and private actors to combat deforestation, promote sustainable forestry and reduce carbon emissions.

President Abdel Fattah El Sisi, Egypt, said the new agreement should: not harm African countries’ efforts to eradicate poverty, or their right to develop; be based on the principle of CBDR; include a commitment that global average temperature increase not exceed 1.5°C; and include a global target on adaptation.

President Christopher Loeak, the Marshall Islands, underscored that current contributions are not enough to limit warming to 1.5°C, saying nations should reset their targets every five years.

President Uhuru Kenyatta, Kenya, supported a long-term global goal of a maximum 1.5°C temperature increase and continuing the Convention’s financial mechanism and the WIM.

President Issoufou Mahamadou, Niger, stressed the need for: increased resilience of peoples and ecosystems; ambitious global efforts to limit global temperature rise to below 1.5°C; balancing mitigation and adaptation finance; and developed countries to take the lead according to the polluter pays principle.

Prime Minister Keith Mitchell, Grenada called for, inter alia: a protocol based on the principles of the Convention and with a goal of maintaining global temperature rise below 1.5°C; ambitious mitigation efforts to be reviewed as of 2018 and renewed every five years; and anchoring loss and damage in the agreement.

President Filip Vujanović, Montenegro, emphasized the links between the expected Paris agreement with the Sustainable Development Goals and the outcome of the Financing for Development Summit.

President Xi Jinping, China, stressed that the Paris agreement should: follow the principles and focus on the full implementation of the UNFCCC; create institutional arrangements that compel concerted efforts; respect differences in countries’ economic structures and capacities; and not deny the legitimate needs of developing countries to improve living standards and develop economically.

Noting that the Paris agreement must reflect equity and fairness, President Joko Widodo, Indonesia, called for progress on the mobilization of US$100 billion, noting that the commitment should be increased going forward.

President Simonetta Sommaruga, Switzerland, advocated a new climate agreement that is legally-binding, ambitious and based on the same obligations and rules for all parties. She announced a 75% increase in Switzerland’s annual contribution to the Least Developed Countries Fund (LDCF).

King Norodom Sihamoni, Cambodia, called for: maintaining the impetus provided by the initial capitalization of the GCF; funding for LDCs; and stimulating private investments in renewable energy and energy efficiency.

President Rafael Correa Delgado, Ecuador, called for free access to mitigation technologies and the creation of an international court for environmental justice.

In the Paris agreement, President Sauli Niinistö, Finland called for: a clear goal; common rules on transparency and accountability; and stocktaking every five years.

In the morning, President Ollanta Humala, Peru, urged leaders to empower their negotiators to produce an ambitious and equitable agreement with, inter alia, verifiable and progressive mitigation actions.

上一届：已经结束任职年的那些人 应届毕业生：今年毕业的学生 届 jiè（屆） ①动 到（预定的时候）。 届时 | 届期 ②量 用于定期的会议或毕业生等，略相当于“次” “期”。 第一届 | 本届 | 历届 | 应届

曾（经）

structure

艰（苦）巨（大）

faire face à (une situation connue)

重（视）

提（高）速（度）vs. 减速

＝也

＝离任／离职 finir son mandat

促（进）

转（变）

调（整）