Though Tom Hanks suggests that you can re-ink your typewriter ribbon, in practice, it's difficult to do and almost no one does.

Tom Hanks Changes the Ribbon on a Typewriter - Secret Talent Theatre - Vanity Fair

Students at Cornell Daily Sun Pursued Sexual Assault Case for Two Years<br /> by [[Emma Goldberg]] in The New York Times<br /> accessed on 2026-10-01T09:18:29

amen

College rape culture is too set in stone. There's a way of doing things that doesn't help prevent future incidents and people just "move on" without addressing the systemic problems that allow it to continue. In hundreds of cases the same script plays out both in colleges and in public life.

Colleges and their surrounding cultures need to dramatically change the script to prevent these incidences. Accountability is the watchword.

The Cornell Rape Investigation: Five Takeaways<br /> by [[Sharon Otterman]] in The New York Times<br /> accessed on 2026-10-01T09:08:38

A reasonable overview of the case of the Cornell Seven for the date.

This Air Purifier Is the Most Popular Wirecutter Product of All Time<br /> by [[Rose Maura Lorre]] in Reviews by Wirecutter in the New York Times accessed on 2026-10-01T08:59:03

Statement Written by Police in Cornell Assault Case Omitted Her Claim She Was Raped<br /> by Hurubie Meko in The New York Times<br /> accessed on 2026-10-01T08:31:05

Example of a university sweeping another campus rape under the rug.

So the police didn't manage to track down all the students involved?! WTF?

The fact that a "designated sober sister" even exists really tells you everything you need to know about college rape culture.

Why do Universities conduct their own investigations?

Is it to help the victim feel "heard" in a "process" which inevitably almost always ends up papering over the harm and the continued issues?

Is it to make it seem like they're doing something while maintaining the status quo?

Is it to cover their ass in some sense?

In this case of the Cornell Seven, the fact that they didn't relay the ultimate harm to the district attorney is highly suspicious.

Who do university police actually represent? Do they represent the "corporate" University or the community? How do they treat victims as a result?

How a Cornell Student Went From Shame to Anger<br /> by Debra Kamin, Matt Flegenheimer, Amy Julia Harris, Sharon Otterman in The New York Times<br /> accessed on 2026-10-01T08:20:45

Christa Pike Live Updates: Tennessee Pauses Future Execution After Botched Attempt<br /> by [[Billy Witz]], [[Emily Cochrane]], [[Rick Rojas]], [[Yan Zhuang]] in The New York Times <br /> accessed on 2026-10-01T08:14:35

https://www.bcwsupplies.com/postcard-box-dividers

1/2 cut tabbed dividers for 4 x 6" cards

https://www.shopbrodart.com/Archival-Microform-Storage-Sale/_/Microfiche-Divider-Guides/?=

Microfiche Full Cut Divider Guides which might be used in a zettelkasten practice as mini folders or pouches for 4x6" index cards

Reply to u/BigZibby at https://www.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1wuaui0/serial_number_location/

In fact, I do! You've probably asked the one person who's spent the time delving into the typewriter database to try to puzzle something out on this front.

I've not seen it in official sources, but the following pattern seems to fit:

Royal Standard serial numbers are generally of the form [MMM][P,E,S]-XX-YY-#######, where:

• MMM is the model designator (X, KHM, KMM, KMG, HH, FP, etc.);
• P is for 10 pitch/Pica, E is for 12 pitch/Elite, and S is for Special (typically special order typefaces);
• XX is the platen length, when not the standard/default size;
• YY is for other special features, typically the number of glyphs in the typeface; and
• ######## is the serial number.

Yours has a YY=86 which typically indicates that the machine has 86 glyphs on the slugs in the typeface and thus 86/2 = 43 character (typing) keys on the keyboard. There are also examples of other YY numbers like YY=88 with 44 keys and YY=92 or 46 keys versus the standard 42 keys. You may notice under your machine that the keyboard has a metal "comb" which may have some empty slots into which addition keylevers and typebar assemblies could be added. Often the YY designator is either for special order keyboards or keyboards for foreign languages which require additional keys.

Thus the 86 means that your machine has an extra key (the +/=) not found on their standard issue keyboard at the time.

https://www.facebook.com/groups/705152958470148/posts/1383537200631717/

Hot glue on the tips of the typebar return spring of Brother typewriters to dampen the noise they make. One could similarly use a small rubber washer on these as well.

https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=10169712178659852&set=pcb.1384116267240477

Smith-Corona rebrand with a Standard Elite No 66<br />

https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=10169712178549852&set=pcb.1384116267240477

Smith-Corona Sterling 12 typeface with foundry mark

https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=10169712178689852&set=pcb.1384116267240477

https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=10169712178299852&set=pcb.1384116267240477

Hermes 3000, techno pica typeface with an "S TP" foundry mark

https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=29220541400876406&set=p.29220541400876406&type=3

https://www.facebook.com/groups/705152958470148/permalink/1384264090559028/

In the early part of the film, the very young rock journalist, William Miller, tells rock critic Lester Bangs that he types on a Smith-Corona Galaxy Deluxe. Later in the film, William uses in his bedroom a completely different Smith-Corona model. 😂<br /> via Di McMc

Almost Famous (DreamWorks Pictures, 2000)

via James Yeard, repairman

via James Yearnd, repairman

mive = move

A description from repairman James Yearnd of using peening pliers on and an aligning wrench on a typebar to move the typeface in the vertical plane.

via James Yearnd, repairman

https://www.instagram.com/reel/Dd1Gi9kjkef/<br /> Florence Pugh's ASMR with a Hermes Baby and a Blackwing 602.

As I'm delving into the Fourth Turning, I'm piqued by the idea of how their theory overlaps or jives with similar historical cyclic theories like Secular Cycles. Bigger span theories like Ian Morris ought to fit in to some of these, though Morris' data may not be granular enough to show it. Similarly one has to wonder with increasing technology, do these cycles speed up over time?

• Turchin, Peter, and Sergey A. Nefedov. 2009. Secular Cycles. 1st ed. Princeton University Press. https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691136967/secular-cycles (September 30, 2026).
• Review: https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/2weRdcvqANDq3zdPH/book-review-secular-cycles

https://www.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1wu29c7/another_rare_vogue_royal/

Ginger Rogers newspaper article about her using a Royal typewriter with Vogue<br />

Frank Capra writing on a Remington Portable as pictured in The Wisconsin State Journal on August 15,1931<br />

https://www.reddit.com/r/OldSchoolCool/comments/1vgulht/harlan_ellison_speculative_fiction_author_in_the/

Harlan Ellison with pipe at an SG3 typewriter

Harlan Ellison leaning on an Olympia SG1 typewriter (alternate angle from photo already in Richard Polt's collection)

<br /> Harlan Ellison with pipe types at an Olympia SG3 typewriter

via u/TomMahalla at https://www.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1vkvwkx/smithcorona_skyriter_replacement_feet/

He also suggests: Jandorff #61506 Rubber Grommets 3/4" OD x 7/16" ID x 1/4" thick x 9/16" groove diameter x 1/16" groove width which are sold by various places including Ace Hardware

https://www.reddit.com/r/classicfilms/comments/1v4oxom/bogie_and_john_huston_look_like_they_must_have/

John Houston with a cigarette in his mouth as he sits at a Royal KMM typewriter on the set of The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (Warner Bros. Pictures, 1948). He looks up to his right at Humphrey Bogart who is leaning over to look at the page in the typewriter.

James Wood aka u/Wooden_Underpants has a small typewriter repair service in Mallorca.

https://www.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1wt5isk/my_first_official_client_and_thank_you/

Reply to Orga A 38 1908 r!!<br /> by Neat_Substance_2084 at https://old.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1wsmhar/orga_a_38_1908_r/

From what I've seen, your only evidence of your claim are a poorly hand scratched marking and some metallurgic tests.

You need a lot more evidence than what you're presenting to prove your claim, particularly given the decade and change of the passing of time.

I can scratch a 1940 date onto my Olympia SM3, but it doesn't mean that it's a prototype from 13 years earlier. Your presumed date is also of the form of an accounting ledger and not one that a mechanic would have scratched in.

Do you have any provenance on your machine? (Who owned it and when?)

Do you have any paperwork from the designers? Patents?

The material tests only show a difference in the metal content, they don't indicate a date of any sort. If they could, you'd need a lot more material research on manufacturing methods and timelines from the historical record to back it up. Typewriter manufacturers were constantly changing their manufacturing lines and designs to make them more efficient and less expensive to improve their bottom lines, so your material science differences would seem par for the course. Can you show similar changes in materials from the companies toy lines over the same period?

You seem to be only sharing blurry photos of screens rather than direct documentation of your material difference claims. Where are the direct documents and which company did the testing?

Given the tremendous amount of focus on design changes and patents in early typewriter manufacturing and sales, how does the design of your machine fit into the early aughts from 1900-1910 versus 1920 and on? Typewriter designs had settled down significantly by the early 1920s, so there should be some reasonably significant design differences between a 1908 machine and one from 1923. Where have you documented those?

What company history physically exists? When did they begin design? When were they producing prototypes in general? 13 years of R&D is a tremendous amount of time to pass in typewriter design in the early 1900s before manufacturing of any sort, even if you discount stoppages for World War I. Are there extant notebooks or corporate papers from the time period you're claiming? They were manufacturing toys for decades prior, so surely they've got some reasonable corporate documentation and correspondence somewhere. Do any of the descendants have papers, receipts, or diaries that could be consulted? What were the market conditions that suggested to them that a move from toys to typewriters was a brilliant idea? Often in a prototype situation, a factor may not have all the manufacturing capabilities in-house or they'd need to make changes to equipment to make a new line. Are there pieces of your typewriter that were outsourced from other factories? Is there evidence that all the parts of the later machines were made in-house?

Think like an archaeologist. Think like a historian. Bring some more research to bear if you want to convince anyone (experts or otherwise) of your claims. It should seem painfully obvious to you by now that what you're presenting is not nearly enough. No one is attacking you. We're just asking for more if we're going to be convinced.

https://old.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/x3ixaz/smith_corona_clipper_custom_paint_job/

https://www.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1wqxq5e/typewriters_of_the_country_music_hall_of_fame/

Tom Parker (aka The Colonel) used a Royal RE

Don Schlitz wrote The Gambler which became a hit for Kenny Rogers (1978) on an L.C. Smith Model 14<br />

Bill Anderson had a Royal Electress

Cindy Walker used a Royal Quiet De Luxe ('53 or '54)

https://www.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1wse7lh/id_on_this_typewriter_from_twin_peaks/

<br /> Typewriter appears in Sheriff Truman's office

https://www.facebook.com/groups/4770669677/posts/10158389297734678

via real_misterrios at https://old.reddit.com/r/pencils/comments/1wrvdtz/why_am_i_like_this/

https://www.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1ws0shz/23k_gold_typewriter_ribbons/

Gold Royal Cartier KMM Typewriter<br /> accessed on 2026-09-27T22:41:47

ROYAL TYPEWRITER HONORS SALES HEAD; M.V. Miller Gets Gold Machine for Ten Years' Service - The New York Times<br /> by [[The New York Times]]<br /> accessed on 2026-09-27T22:37:22

The cost of the typewriter was $1,500.

1939 "The Gold Royal" Typewriter<br /> by Grant Zahajko for [[Antiques Roadshow]] on PBS<br /> accessed on 2026-09-27T22:28:49

Presented 1940-09-01 to Vice President M.V. Miller in honor of 10 years of Sales Leadership by The Royal Typewriter Sales Organization.

Copy of video at https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=849718491497922

A gold plated and Cartier engraved Royal KMM typewriter. It was engraved with 1054 names by Warner MacDonald in 1939 at cost of $5,000. It was exhibited at the 1939 Worlds Fair and presented to the owner's grandfather in 1940. He was ultimately the president of the company. Antiques Roadshow appraised it at $30,000 - 40,000.

There are 2,257 parts in a Royal KMM.

See newspaper article:<br /> ROYAL TYPEWRITER HONORS SALES HEAD; M.V. Miller Gets Gold Machine for Ten Years' Service - The New York Times<br /> by [[The New York Times]]<br /> accessed on 2026-09-27T22:32:07

https://www.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1wpyqmz/what_becomes_of_typewriter_shops/

Anecdotes of what has become of old typewriter shops.

Chart of authors and their number of ! per 100,000 words from Ben Blatt's Nabokov’s Favorite Word Is Mauve: What the Numbers Reveal About the Classics, Bestsellers, and Our Own Writing

How Many Exclamation Points Do Great Writers Use?!<br /> by [[Ben Blatt]] The Atlantic <br /> accessed on 2026-09-27T22:07:10

https://academicresourcecenter.harvard.edu/2023/10/02/note-taking/

Note-Taking advice from the Harvard University Academic Resource Center

https://www.reddit.com/r/NavyBlazer/comments/1k3uf5h/some_great_pages_from_the_1994_barbour_catalogue/

1994 Barbour catalog

advice from u/leathershopgirl at https://old.reddit.com/r/Barbour/comments/1wpzikn/barbour_models_and_differences/

Based on the Royals on this post and Reddit, Ben Jones is u/harperjones

See:<br /> https://www.facebook.com/groups/705152958470148/posts/1383329093985861<br /> https://www.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1ws0gy7/royal_futura_alignment_issue/

https://www.flickr.com/photos/brengrip/albums/

via Claude Medearis at https://typewriterdatabase.com/1979-underwood-electric-565.12254.typewriter

See: https://westcoastbelts.com/product/new-replacement-belt-for-silver-reed-electric-8700-typewriter/

https://westcoastbelts.com/

Replacement belts for typewriters

https://www.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1wr2nbt/comment/pcfu8ib/

u/WeepinbellJar13

u/Big-Confidence9249

Ed Medina reports that beading wire can be used to replace typewriter drawbands.

26 pound test strength.

via https://www.facebook.com/groups/705152958470148/posts/1377709554547815/

Reply to Louis Cornelia at https://www.facebook.com/groups/705152958470148/posts/1373494441635993/

Most of it is marketing in nature. The vast majority of typewriters have a standard courier serifed typeface, but manufacturers sold italic and cursive faces for a more "personal" touch in your correspondence. Italics was particularly marketed toward business executives to the point that many have the name "Executive". Many banks and accounting applications preferred used Gothic or double gothic typefaces for accounting work. Some banks also had custom faces to make it more difficult for people to wash checks.

At the Smithsonian, Maya Angelou's typewriter holds a place of honor : NPR<br /> by [[Daniel Ofman]] for NPR<br /> accessed on 2026-09-27T13:31:46

While described as "well worn", most typewriters with plastic keys don't really show heavy wear, so it's not surprising that "You can still read them."

This is a museum curator creating a feeling of typewriter nostalgia by way of unintended misinformation.

This tracks with the Adler Meteor 12 from Soboroff's collection which is already documented on Richard Polt's page.

https://www.npr.org/2026/09/26/nx-s1-5979931/at-the-smithsonian-maya-angelous-typewriter-holds-a-place-of-honor

https://archive.org/details/proofreaders-marks

https://www.facebook.com/groups/705152958470148/posts/1381249050860532/

1958 Olympia SM3 manufacturing changes regarding adding a rule for the rear tabulator sets.

reply to u/Novembree at https://old.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1hfncyz/had_a_typewriter_for_awhile_could_use_help/

Welcome to the Royal KMM club! Seems like lots of these have been posted in the last day including one by u/betternatured and another by u/the-other-gusta along with a very similar Royal KMG by u/Jacki-san.

The serial number puts yours down as a KMM with an 11 inch platen manufactured in 1945. Cross reference: https://typewriterdatabase.com/royal.72.typewriter-serial-number-database

Manual: https://site.xavier.edu/polt/typewriters/RoyalKMM.pdf

These were really popular and ubiquitous, standard (large desktop) typewriters in the mid-century that were the workhorse of many offices. Because they were so common and so heavy, they only go for $5-25 in the used market in either unknown or marginal condition. If they're cleaned up and well-serviced they can go for more with a cap of around $300-400 depending on the level of restoration. Some with special features (like special typefaces) or provenance may go for more.

The Royal KMM was known to have been used by writers including: John Ashberry, Harry Ashmore, Russell Baker, Ray Bradbury, Richard Bratigan, Richard Brooks, Pearl S. Buck, Johnny Carson, Norman Corwin, Frank Herbert, Ken Kesey, G.W. Lee, Harper Lee, Ursula K. LeGuin, David McCullough, Margaret Mead, Grangland Rice, and Dorothy Parker. This was also the model famously used by Angela Landsbury's character on the TV show Murder, She Wrote.

Spools and Ribbon:<br /> The spools for the standard Royal typewriters (Ten, H, KH, KHM, KMM, KMG, RP, HH, FP, Empress, 440, 660, etc.) have a custom metal mechanism for their auto-reverse. The spools are known as the T1 (which is the same as General Ribbon part # T1-77B , T1-77BR, and Nu-Kote B64.) If winding on universal ribbon onto them, remove the eyelette which isn't needed and may interfere with the auto reverse.

If you're missing the original spools, Ribbons Unlimited carries them: https://www.ribbonsunlimited.com/6N064-Royal-Standard-Electric-Ribbon-64-p/6n064.htm or you might source an original metal pair from a local repair shop.

Duane of Phoenix Typewriter has a video about how to change and spool up your Royal standard.

Collector Sarah Everett can show you most of the functions on her YouTube Channel for Just My Typewriter: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v0Zvc1m-8aI.

Depending on your level of typewriter knowledge try out some of the following short films which will also provide some tips, tricks, and maintenance advice common in the era of your machine:

• Basic Typing: Methods. Vol. MN-1512a. United States Navy Training Film, 1943. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ztyzGit1dTI
• Basic Typing: Machine Operation. Vol. MN-1512b. United States Navy Training Film, 1943. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b-REJEArnjE
• Advanced Typing: Shortcuts. Vol. MN-1512c. United States Navy Training Film, 1943. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JUJfCfqgsX0
• Advanced Typing: Duplicating and Manuscript. Vol. MN-1512d. United States Navy Training Film, 1943. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ve5JnTUzvo
• Maintenance Of Office Machines. Vol. MN-1513. United States Navy Training Film, 1943. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ocdxgkxKAKo

Happy Typing!

https://www.facebook.com/groups/TypewriterCollectors/posts/10164182544099678/

Webster XL 747 typewriter with Piclite type

http://facebook.com/groups/TypewriterCollectors/posts/10156175201784678/

I am scared by random people writing this and that with compressed air.<br /> We learned in typewriter school in the navy.<br /> 1. remove rubber bumpers platen and feed rolls. 2. Mix 1to 1 superagetine and mineral spirits. Stoddard solvent also works.<br /> 3. Soak overnight.<br /> 4. Drain and rinse with fresh solvent.<br /> 5. air dry or bake @95°F.<br /> 6. cool and manually re oil<br /> Now a day oil only with synthetic 0 weight oil.<br /> 7. check and brush typefaces.<br /> 8. Clean platten.

Reinstall and type test, align typefaces. Only permanent align is peening typebars.<br /> This is the way I maintained 200 typewriters on an aircraft carrier.<br /> This what worked for me.<br /> Spring scale at .75 Lbs. For tape tension.<br /> Adjust the rail clamps and clean under if required. Carrage should slide with 3 oz or less

via professional Navy repairman James Yearnd at https://www.facebook.com/groups/705152958470148/posts/1382145190770918/

https://www.facebook.com/groups/705152958470148/posts/1381071097544994

An Olympia SM2 pained electric blue.

Lawn Jockeys - 2008 - Question of the Month - Jim Crow Museum<br /> by [[David Pilgrim]], Curator, Jim Crow Museum<br /> accessed on 2026-09-25T22:51:44

Asking the no-oriented question, "Do you have a problem with me doing xyz?" is better than directly asking for the thing you want. 

Ask for the "no" answer rather than the "yes" answer which feels like the respondent is giving something up.

via atypical.erin at https://www.instagram.com/reel/Ddrye7yytr0/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&stkn=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ==

https://www.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1wqa69b/elf_typing_paper/

Leaves described as "elf typing paper".

via u/Pete1885 at https://old.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1wpx74d/i_think_i_found_the_goat/

https://www.facebook.com/groups/705152958470148/posts/1381074304211340/

I was an IM rating in the Navy. As a instrument repairman I was responsible for repairing typewriters of all types regardless of the make or model as well as adding machines and the calculators of the time like the mighty Monroe 1000 gear long division moving carriage machine.<br /> I retained many special tools and books and have knowledge that will go away when I die

https://www.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1wpglhv/professional_elite_font_on_my_olympia_sm3/

u/Every_Bandicoot2321 is Tom Fasano of https://tomfasano.com/

https://www.reddit.com/r/shavian/comments/1wp1yjj/announcement_of_the_worlds_first_shavian/

Taken from “Imperial News”, Volume 20, Number 2, Winter 1963-64.

This would have been published after 1963-11-22 which is mentioned in the article.

History of the Shavian Keyboard Imperial Good Companion Portable Typewriter<br /> by [[Robert Messenger]] of oz.Typewriter accessed on 2026-09-24T10:20:26

https://collection.powerhouse.com.au/object/254367

Typewriter- 'Imperial- good companion' which types in the Shavian alphabet

https://xoverit.blogspot.com/2015/02/olympia-sm-series-part-1-1948-1964.html?showComment=1426029814779#c1385367975247315702

Jack Lemmon roasts Burt Reynolds over donation<br /> https://www.reddit.com/r/classicfilms/comments/1wnetp1/oh_jack_lemmon_my_favorite/

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for LA's totally Awesome All Purpose Cleaner & Degreaser & Spot Remover<br /> https://sds.chemtel.net/webclients/safariland/raw_materials/AwesomeProductsIncorporated_LAsTotallyAwesomeAllPurposeCleanerandDegreasersandSpotRemover_01-10-2011.pdf

https://www.reddit.com/r/CleaningTips/comments/12z2pqo/las_totally_awesome_why_its_awesome/

I Bacteria Tested La's Totally Awesome<br /> by Field of Focus

https://reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1wmszod/whats_this_key_for_on_my_groma_kolibri_luxus/

• m/n (moneda nacional - aka use national currency like the Argentine peso rather than other currencies)
• o/s as oro sellado (sealed gold or gold currency); might also have been used for orden de servicio or orden de salida as service order or dispatch order respectively

https://www.jetpens.com/blog/The-Best-Lead-Holders/pt/740

Callias, son of Hipponicus recommends Evenus of Paros to Socrates as a Sophist teacher whose fee is five minas.

Compare this five minas to the price Socrates mentions at the end of the trial as potential penalty. Socrates says he can afford one mina while his friends could put up 30 minas for him.

1. [Editors:] These were all well-known Sophists. For Gorgias and Hippias see Plato’s dialogues named after them; both Hippias and Prodicus appear in Protagoras.

The editors call out these philosophers/teachers as Sophists. Compare where they appear in Protagoras.

Socrates is accused of impiety. Several times throughout this piece there are various mention of god (singular) and gods (plural). Which is it? Is there a linguistic difference from the Greek to English and what effect, if any, is there on the culture being represented and how does that interact with Socrates' argument and position with respect to impiety?

Those who maliciously [d] and slanderously persuaded you—who also, when persuaded themselves then persuaded others—all those are most difficult to deal with: one cannot bring one of them into court or refute him; one must simply fight with shadows, as it were,

Synopsis: Rumor is a difficult thing to fight

Socrates defense will be broken up into two parts:<br /> - lying accusations by the first accusers<br /> - these are of the nature of rumors which he poses as untrue and which received no defense and fell on the ready ears of young and inexperienced people who presumably were indoctrinated unquestioningly<br /> - later accusations by later acusers (Meletus, et al.)

Socrates self-deprecatingly considers himself an unaccomplished speaker unless one re-defines the term entirely as someone who speaks the truth.

Cooper, John M., and D. S. Hutchinson, eds. 1997. “Apology.” In Plato: Complete Works, Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc.

How do you accomplish this in modernity, when you can't "get rid" of the opposition? You chill their speech, you erase their language, you erase their history. This seems to be the playbook of the far right in American politics under Donald J. Trump.

Redefine and poison words like DEI and Critical Race Theory (CRT), marginalize and criminalize the people who don't fit in your world view.

I think he is the only one of our public men to start out the right way, for it is right to care first that the young

Cross reference: Teach Your Children Well by Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young

Euthyphro<br /> Stephanus numbers 2a–16a<br /> G. M. A. Grube translation

in <br /> Plato. 1997. Plato: Complete Works. eds. John M. Cooper and D. S. Hutchinson. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc.

cf. with Benjamin Jowett translation:

A young man who is little known, Euthyphro; and I hardly know him : his name is Meletus, and he is of the deme of Pitthis. Perhaps you may remember his appearance; he has a beak, and long straight hair, and a beard which is ill grown.

There is certainly a charge of "youth" in both translations, but the "beak" and "ill-grown beard" seem to be more belittling in Jowett which be ad hominem appearance attacks on Meletus of Pithos before we've even heard his argument.

Which of these descriptions would have had cultural significance in Ancient Greece?

See: Pithos, Pitthos, Pithus: https://topostext.org/place/380239DPit

Of course if this is the aim, then one also ought to define "morally good" as cleanly as piety, something which might be elusive or which may vary based on an individual person, that person's culture, or even across cultures.

Plato. 1997. Plato: Complete Works. eds. John M. Cooper and D. S. Hutchinson. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc.

Uni MH500 2mm Lead Holder - One Cautionary Note, One Defeated Expectation - Mechanical Pencil Review<br /> by Unnecessary Detail

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cRAh0vF2WEk

Surely AI generated, but an interesting paean to a slower life with evening hobbies.

HB Lead Grades Explained + How to Select Right Pencil for Writing & Art<br /> by [[Unnecessary Detail]] on YouTube<br /> accessed on 2026-09-20T23:58:33

HB is typically the mid-point for most manufacturers <br /> H (hardness) tends to go lighter and scratchier (less graphite, more clay)<br /> B (darkness) tends to go darker and smoother (more graphite, less clay)<br /> F is typically a grade (fine/firm) between H and HB

For general writing look in the range of H / F / HB / B / 2B

Charcoal pencils tend to be much darker that clay/graphite pencils.

In the United States, pencils are often graded from #1 to #5 with the #2 being equivalent to HB.

5 Stages of Lead Holder Usage & Collection - 2mm Mechanical Pencil Buying Guide<br /> by [[Unnecessary Detail]] on YouTube<br /> accessed on 2026-09-20T23:56:00

Lead Holders Explained in 5 Levels of Detail - 2mm Mechanical Pencils<br /> by [[Unnecessary Detail]] on YouTube<br /> accessed on 2026-09-20T23:37:00

Why You Must Try 2mm Lead Holders vs. Wooden Pencils, Fountain Pens & Mechanical Pencils<br /> by [[Unnecessary Detail]] on YouTube<br /> accessed on 2026-09-20T23:24:15

September 19, 2026<br /> by [[Heather Cox Richardson]] in Letters From an American<br /> accessed on 2026-09-20T22:51:34

September 18, 2026<br /> by [[Heather Cox Richardson]] in Letters from an American accessed on 2026-09-20T22:33:34

reply to u/Silly_Captain2089 at https://reddit.com/r/NoteTaking/comments/1wldauj/do_you_actually_organize_notes_by_folders/

The missing secret and an affordability that disappeared roughly when folders moved to digital contexts was the time and effort that people used to put into indexing their work beyond just filing it away.

Tags and wiki-type cross linking has helped some of this problem, but it takes some time and effort to make it easier for you to find the things you're always looking for.

Back in the late 1600s famous philosopher John Locke wrote a short treatise about how to index notes in one's commonplace book so that you could write entries in linear order, but still find them under multiple indexed headwords and didn't need to copy them into multiple places (or folders in your case). Here's a copy from 1706 in English (the original was in French.) - Locke, John. 1706. A New Method of Making Common-Place-Books. London: Printed for J. Greenwood, bookseller. http://archive.org/details/b30540434.

The pinnacle of the practice was probably in the 1950s when there were multiple filing and indexing schemes available and in wide practice. - Duffield, David Walter, and Various. 1951. Progressive Indexing and Filing. 5th ed. New York, NY: Remington Rand Inc. http://archive.org/details/progressiveindex0000varo.

These seemingly "boring and dull" methods do require a miniscule amount of additional work, but if you're regularly using and especially reusing your notes for writing or other creative work, then the extra work pays for itself 100 times over in long-term creativity and usefulness.

Underling the boredom and seeming tediousness of this practice, in a note in his system entitled "Does Spirit hide in the filing cabinet?", Niklas Luhmann wrote: "People come [to look at his filing and indexing system], they see everything and nothing more than that, just like in porn movies; consequently, they leave disappointed." This is a telling story about the simplicity of the idea of well-kept notes (filed and indexed) in a zettelkasten, card catalog, filing cabinet, or commonplace book because you don't get to see the creativity of the end product without putting in the work.

As a crazy example of resultant creativity, I was able to use some notes I indexed five years ago on tools to link a passage from the Book of Matthew in the Bible to Henry David Thoreau's book Walden and Conway's Law on corporate structure. I can guarantee that without my notes being reasonably well-indexed and filed, this serendipitous bit of rather brilliant creativity would never have happened.

https://youtu.be/0ajIPRy_yc0?si=tBJjJNjg5tnlR9oW&t=1504

For whoever has will be given more, and they will have an abundance. Whoever does not have, even what they have will be taken from them.

How teaching kids to read went so wrong - Sold a Story: Season 1, Episode 1: The Problem<br /> by [[Emily Hanford]] in [[Sold a Story]] from APM Reports

A: Personally, I think it's a pica hobby.

via https://old.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1ucwo5s/are_typewriters_becoming_an_elite_hobby/ot7mnib/?screen_view_count=2