urban water networks lose 30% of supply to leaks.

groundwater extraction is 2 or 3 times larger than replenishment. Subsidence of 25-35 cm p yr. Old qanat systems collapse, increasing the problems.

Iran's agri uses 90% of water but is 12% GDP. Driven by flood irrigation (not drips e.g.) and crops that use lots (rice) grown in arid areas

https://web.archive.org/web/20260208094817/https://www.stimson.org/2025/irans-desalination-pipeline-is-more-stopgap-than-solution/

Iran desalination project, for the Isfahan region. #2025/12

During wave of protests in Iran, #2026/01/08 evening a national internet blackout is in progress.

America Strikes Iran by [[Lauren Jackson]], [[Evan Gorelick]]

Map: 5.1-Magnitude Earthquake Strikes Iran by [[William B. Davis]], [[Madison Dong]], [[Judson Jones]], [[John Keefe]], [[Joey K. Lee]], [[Bea Malsky]]

Seeing this earthquake notification in proximity of Operation Midnight Hammer, I wonder if there are military contingencies for using large weaponry on geological faults in enemy territories as means of starting large scale earthquakes?

With Military Strike His Predecessors Avoided, Trump Takes a Huge Gamble by [[David E. Sanger]]

His predecessors didn't have the same geo-political benefits in play that he did, specifically the Israel situation mentioned earlier in the article:

After Israel’s fierce retaliation for the Oct. 7, 2023 terror attacks that killed over a thousand Israeli civilians, Iran is suddenly bereft of its proxies, Hamas and Hezbollah. Its closest ally, Syria’s Bashar al-Assad, had to flee the country. And Russia and China, which formed a partnership of convenience with Iran, were nowhere to be seen after Israel attacked the country.

gambling seems to be the by word of the Trump Administration

Ende April 2025 erreichten die Temperaturen in Asien und im Nahen Osten neue Rekorde: 49 °C im Kuwait, 48 °C in Pakistan und 47,6 °C in Saudi-Arabien. Diese Hitzewelle ist beispiellos in Intensität, Dauer und Ausdehnung, warnen Klimatologen. Die Anomalien erreichten bis zu +12 °C in Afghanistan, Indien und Pakistan. Nachts blieben die Temperaturen oft über 30 °C, was die Bevölkerung zusätzlich belastet.

[Zusammenfassung mit Mistral generiert] https://www.liberation.fr/environnement/climat/canicule-en-asie-et-au-moyen-orient-49-c-au-koweit-48-c-au-pakistan-476-c-en-arabie-saoudite-20250429_SNTY4ZJN2JG3TJFQ52ANAGVZOU/

4.3 Geopolitics- study of the effects of geography on politics and relations among states.<br /> Territoriality - a willingness by a person or group of people to defend space they claim. A people's connection to a particular piece of land.

Neocolonialism- Process which powerful countries attempt to control weaker countries because of economic or cultural pressures. Control was indirectly exerted over developing countries. Ex. Transnational corporations based in European countries continued to control the extractions of natural resources through mining and the export of natural resources

for - adjacency - polycrisis - war - israel-Iran war - Russia-Ukraine war - planetary adaptive cycle - planetary phase shift - release-to-reorganization stage

Die Methan-Emissionen steigen in den USA wie international weiter, im Widerspruch zu den Zusagen des Global Methane Pledge. Eine Hauptursache ist die weiter zunehmende Förderung von Öl und Gas. Neue Auswertungen des Instituts Kayrros ergeben detaillierter als bisher Cass die Emissionen in13 grossen Öl- und Gas-Fördergebieten mit zwei Ausnahmen gewachsen sind. Hintergrundbericht, auch über Maßnahmen der Biden-Administration und EU- zur Reduktion der Emissionen. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/19/climate/us-methane-greenhouse-gas.html

Kayrros-Artikel: https://www.energyintel.com/00000187-9953-d12b-a7bf-9dfb5fb60000

20 reiche Länder planen bis 2050 neue Öl- und Gas-Projekte, die zusammen weitere 173 Gigatonnen CO₂-Emissionen verursachen werden, wenn es nicht gelingt sie zu stoppen. Oil Change International hat einen Bericht über den Anteil der verschiedenen Staaten an den Expansionsplänen veröffentlicht. Mit einem Drittel entfällt der Hauptanteil auf die USA.

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/12/us-behind-more-than-a-third-of-global-oil-and-gas-expansion-plans-report-finds

Mehr zur fossilen Expansion: https://hypothes.is/search?q=tag%3A%22process%3A%20fossil%20development%22

Das Wasserversorgungssystem des Iran ist vor allem wegen der Entnahme des Wassers für Landwirtschaft und Industrie komplett und irreparabel zusammengebrochen. Dabei ist das Land immer mehr Hitzewellen ausgesetzt, bei denen in einigen Gebieten Temperaturen von über 55° C erreicht werden. Durch die Verarmung in den letzten Jahren ist die Bevölkerung in den betroffenen Provinzen besonders verwundbar. Reportage der New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/23/world/middleeast/iran-heat-water.htmltopic

• for: voting - Iran. low voter turnout - Iran

Die Sanktionen gegen Ölexporte aus dem Iran, Russland und Venezuela werden mithilfe einer Flotte von über 600 "Schatten-Schiffen" umgangen. Sie machen etwa ein Fünftel der globalen Tanker-Flotte aus, fahren unter wechselnden Flaggen und übergeben das Öl oft auf See an reguläre Tanker. Reportage im Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2023/sep/18/how-a-burnt-out-abandoned-ship-reveals-the-secrets-of-a-shadow-tanker-network

Wegen „noch nie da gewesener Hitze“ wurde im Iran für Mittwoch und Donnerstag dieser Woche Feiertage ausgerufen, an denen das gesamte öffentliche Leben ruht. Die Folgen der Klimakrise werden im Iran durch Raubbau an den Süßwasser Ressourcen und ein überlastetes Stromnetz verschlimmert https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/01/world/middleeast/iran-heat-shutdown.html

Not anymore.

Mahan Ghafari | ماهان غفاری on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved April 29, 2022, from https://twitter.com/Mahan_Ghafari/status/1446196548904366092

Mahan Ghafari, ماهان غفاری. (2022, February 1). After the daily covid-19 cases in Iran dropped to record-low numbers last month, it is now back in full swing due to omicron! Map on the left (mostly coloured in blue) shows the situation in late december and the one on the right is from 2 days ago (many in amber or red). 1/ https://t.co/vgpwuiymbl [Tweet]. @Mahan_Ghafari. https://twitter.com/Mahan_Ghafari/status/1488481042847698946

Shaffer, C. (n.d.). Nearly every person in Iran seems to have had covid-19 at least once. New Scientist. Retrieved 21 October 2021, from https://www.newscientist.com/article/2294215-nearly-every-person-in-iran-seems-to-have-had-covid-19-at-least-once/

Coronavirus Pandemic Data Explorer. (n.d.). Our World in Data. Retrieved March 3, 2021, from https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus-data-explorer

Beijing, P. B. L. K. in, Paris, K. W. in, & Rome, A. G. in. (2020, March 1). New coronavirus cases jump sharply in Europe, with Italy worst hit. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/01/coronavirus-deaths-iran-rise-global-outbreak-worsens

Του Μασούντ Μπακσί, 2020, ριαλιτυ οπου οι καταδικασμενοι σε θανατο ζητουν συγχωρεση απο την οικογενεια του θυματος, "live".

Wintour, P. (2020, June 1). Iran’s rapid rise in Covid-19 cases stokes fears of second wave. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/01/iran-rapid-rise-in-covid-19-cases-stokes-fears-of-second-wave

Venkatesan, P. (2020). COVID-19 in Iran: Round 2. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(7), 784. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30500-4

Sridhar, Yasmin Rafiei, Devi. ‘Why COVID-19 Is Ravaging Iran Again’. Foreign Policy (blog). Accessed 31 August 2020. https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/08/28/why-covid-19-is-ravaging-iran-again/.

Information in Iran: How recent global events are used to shape and skew reality. (n.d.). Atlantic Council. Retrieved July 10, 2020, from https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/event/information-in-iran-how-recent-global-events-are-used-to-shape-and-skew-reality/

Prof Shamika Ravi on Twitter: “1) ACTIVE cases...shows which countries have 1) Peaked: Germany, S Korea, Japan, Italy, Spain... 2) Plateaued: France 3) Yet to peak: US, UK, Brazil, India...active cases still rising. 4) Second wave: Iran and.... Spain (?) https://t.co/C5c3gAhINc” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved June 2, 2020, from https://twitter.com/ShamikaRavi/status/1267664491040440322

The Lancet Public Health, May 2020, Volume 5, Issue 5, Pages e235-e296. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpub/issue/current

Swan, B. W. (n.d.). State report: Russian, Chinese and Iranian disinformation narratives echo one another. POLITICO. Retrieved April 22, 2020, from https://www.politico.com/news/2020/04/21/russia-china-iran-disinformation-coronavirus-state-department-193107

Liao, H., Zhang, L., Marley, G., Tang, W. (2020). Differentiating COVID-19 response strategies. University of North Carolina Project-China. DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2020.04.003

Hi Steve

İran ne verdi de Rusya Suriye'ye girdi?

decision

This is debatable. National identity and religion are often both entwined in complex historical factors quite like Judaism and the land of Judea. Whereas national identity is more moldable and dynamic when combined with democratic developments like the Arab spring, religious identity would change slower and might be more important to guard for the conservatives (I'm not sure on this, but it's a gut feeling)

In such a case, conflicts are easier to understand when cast in terms of religious or sub-religious basis but I definitely think a purely religious conflict (an ideal construct) is more likely to find a pragmatic solution, although I doubt if any thing of that sort exists!

Summary of Iran's nuclear program from World Nuclear Association, published May 2015