Summary

🌍 Avoiding Tax Legally in Other Countries

Changing tax residency for half a year may help avoid taxes (but it;s complex and rather recommended for very high earnings). You can move for example to: - United Arab Emirates: No crypto tax. - Germany: No tax on crypto sold after holding for 12 months. - Portugal: Similar tax-free policies for holding over a year.

🔄 What Is Taxed?

Transactions converting cryptocurrency into fiat currency (e.g., PLN, USD) or purchasing goods like property or pizza with cryptocurrency are taxable. Pure crypto-to-crypto transactions are not taxable.

📈 How to Calculate Tax

Calculate the difference between the amount spent to acquire cryptocurrency and the amount earned from its sale. Example: If Bitcoin was bought at $30,000 and sold at $40,000, the taxable income is $10,000.

💰 Tax Rate Overview

• Income up to 1 million PLN is taxed at 19%.
• Income exceeding 1 million PLN incurs an additional 4% solidarity tax, totaling 23% for high earners.

📃 Keeping Records

Tax obligations arise at the moment of converting crypto to fiat or goods, not at the time of withdrawal from an exchange. Keep detailed records to avoid issues during audits or when exchanges request proof of funds.

⚠️ Challenges and Advice

Tax laws in Poland are comprehensive and offer few loopholes. Engaging tax professionals is strongly advised to ensure compliance and minimize errors.

🔄 Deferring Tax Payments in Poland Using Stablecoins

One strategy involves converting crypto profits into stablecoins at year-end and selling them in the following year to postpone taxation. Below is a detailed breakdown of how the strategy works and its limitations.

The Concept

Stablecoins are cryptocurrencies pegged to fiat currencies (e.g., USD or EUR) and have stable values. Using stablecoins in Poland offers a way to legally defer tax payments:

1. End-of-Year Transaction:

   • Convert your cryptocurrency gains (e.g., Bitcoin) into stablecoins like Tether (USDT) or USD Coin (USDC) at the end of the tax year.
   • These transactions, as crypto-to-crypto conversions, are not taxable in Poland.

2. Start-of-Year Sale:

   • In the new tax year, sell the stablecoins for fiat currency (e.g., PLN).
   • The taxable event occurs in the following year, deferring the tax obligation.

Benefits of This Strategy

1. Tax Payment Deferral:

   • Delays the payment of taxes on your crypto gains by shifting the taxable event to the next year.

2. Inflation Advantage:

   • Inflation reduces the real value of money over time, decreasing the actual financial burden of the deferred tax.

3. Liquidity Management:

   • Funds remain accessible as stablecoins, which can be reinvested or used in decentralized finance (DeFi) during the deferral period.

How Long Can This Be Done in Poland?

• The strategy can be legally repeated annually for up to 15 years.
• After 15 years, the deferred gains may be treated differently or trigger tax liabilities due to long-term reporting requirements. It's important to monitor evolving tax regulations in Poland to ensure compliance.

Key Considerations

1. Documentation:

   • Maintain detailed records of all transactions, including dates, values, and stablecoin transfers, for tax compliance and audits.

2. Stablecoin Selection:

   • Choose stablecoins with strong pegs to fiat currencies to avoid price fluctuations that may affect gains or losses.

3. Regulatory Changes:

   • Polish tax laws are subject to change. Always confirm that the strategy remains valid before executing it.

Example

• Year 1 (2023):

  • Bitcoin bought for PLN 50,000.
  • Sold for PLN 150,000 at the end of 2023.
  • Proceeds converted to USDT (not taxable in Poland).

• Year 2 (2024):

  • USDT sold for PLN 150,000 in January.
  • Taxable gain of PLN 100,000 is reported in the 2024 tax year.

Limitations

1. Short-Term Transactions:

   • If stablecoins are sold within the same year as the crypto-to-stablecoin conversion, the tax deferral benefit is lost.

2. Exchange Fees:

   • Frequent crypto-stablecoin conversions may incur exchange fees, slightly reducing net gains.

3. Regulatory Risks:

   • Future changes to tax laws or stablecoin regulations could impact the strategy's viability.

This strategy allows you to legally defer cryptocurrency taxes for a significant period, maximizing your financial flexibility and leveraging stablecoin stability. Always consult a tax professional for tailored advice and compliance.

Vor einem EU-Gipfel konnten sich die Energieminister der EU nicht darauf einigen, wie mit einem Antrag Polens umgegangen werden soll, weiterhin Subventionen für Kohlekraftwerke zu zahlen. Zur Überraschung vieler Mitgliedsländer hatte Schweden, das die Ratspräsidentschaft innerhat, diesen Antrag unterstützt. Manche EU-Staaten lehnen den Vorschlag strikt ab, andere zeigen sich kompromissbereit. Polen erzeugt 70% seines Stroms mit Kohle.

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jun/19/eu-split-over-subsidies-for-coal-plants-as-poland-seeks-extension

The problem with this approach is that Poland, while strategically important for the confrontation between the US and Russia, is not the EU's center -- France, Germany and the Benelux are. So Washington has to be very careful in terms of balancing its approach here so as to avoid exacerbating tendencies that are already centripetal, as reflected by Macron's reference to strategic independence.

In Polen hat die Staatsfirma Orlen lange enormer Gewinne mit fossilen Brennstoffen aus Russland gemacht. Damit hat sie sich u.a. in die Regionalpresse eingekauft, um dort Propaganda für die rechtskonservative Regierung zu machen.

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, December 7). RT @jitsuvax: 🇵🇱NEW translation of the Covid-19 Handbook for our friends in Poland https://c19vax.scibeh.org/pl This work was only possible beca… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1468247395070885907

NetScience on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved 15 February 2021, from https://twitter.com/net_science/status/1360990028168503297

https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/29/opinion/holocaust-poland-europe.html

Coronavirus Pandemic Data Explorer. (n.d.). Our World in Data. Retrieved March 3, 2021, from https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus-data-explorer

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silva_rerum

Presumably these are the same sylvae mentioned by Earle Havens on page 10 of his book Commonplace Books (Yale, 2001).

Where do these fit into a historical commonplace tradition? From a timing and logical perspective they certainly could be a transplant from other parts of Europe in modified forms.

I'll note that some of the pattern is similar to printed bibles in the 1900's (and perhaps going back earlier) in the United States which held pre-printed pages for adding this sort of historical personal family data that would likely be handed down from generation to generation.

Compare and contrast this form to the idea of the Relatio chronicle in Jennifer Paxton's essay Forging Communities: Memory and Identity in Post-Conquest England.

Eder, Stephanie J., Andrew A. Nicholson, Michal M. Stefanczyk, Michał Pieniak, Judit Martínez-Molina, Ondra Pešout, Jakub Binter, Patrick Smela, Frank Scharnowski, and David Steyrl. ‘Securing Your Relationship: Quality of Intimate Relationships During the COVID-19 Pandemic Can Be Predicted by Attachment Style’. Frontiers in Psychology 0 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.647956.

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Bojanowska, A., Kaczmarek, L. D., Kościelniak, M., & Urbańska, B. (2020). Values and well-being change amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/xr87s

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The first steps of developing AI in Poland

AI talents will be even more demanded in Poland

AI priorities in Poland

Prediction of developing AI in Poland

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Awesome archeological find!