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  1. Last 7 days
    1. for - Elon Musk Don Lemon interview - Elon Musk - cancels Don Lemon - Elon Musk - South Africa, early childhood trauma

      Summary - Lemon points out Musk's consequential role in the world and that people who invest in his various projects have a right to know about the wellbeing of the leader of the company they are investing in. - Actions speak louder than words and his cancelation of Lemon's show demonstrates he was very uncomfortable with Lemon's questions. It was obvious from Musk's defensive body language.

      Reference - https://fortune.com/well/2023/09/17/does-elon-musk-have-ptsd-walter-isaacson-biography/ - https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/05/world/africa/elon-musk-south-africa.html

  2. Feb 2024
  3. Jan 2024
    1. Die italienische Ministerpräsidentin Meloni hat Einzelheiten des sogenannten Mattei-Plans bekannt gegeben, mit dem man die Zusammenarbeit mit Afrika intensivieren will. Von 5,5 Milliarden Euro, die ausgegeben werden sollen, stammt mehr als die Hälfte aus dem italienischen Klimafonds und der Rest aus dem Fonds für Entwicklung- und Zusammenarbeit. Eine Hauptabsicht ist, neben vielen Entwicklungs- und Weiterbildungsprojekten, Italien zu einem "hub" für Strom- und Gas- bzw Wasserstofflieferungen nach Europa zu machen. https://www.repubblica.it/politica/2024/01/29/news/piano_mattei_cosa_e_quali_sono_i_progetti-422007100/

    1. Anlässlich des Italien-Afrika-Gipfels in Rom warnen etwa 600 afrikanische Fachleute in einem offenen Brief davor, noch mehr in fossile Energien in Afrika zu investieren, ein überholtes Entwicklungsmodell festzuschreiben und die Emissionen weiter zu erhöhen. Italien ist bereits jetzt der wichtigste europäische Importeur fossiler Brennstoffe aus Afrika. Die Regierung Meloni will diese Schlüsselrolle ausbauen .https://www.repubblica.it/green-and-blue/2024/01/29/news/piano_mattei_vertice_gas-422000853/

    1. Eine neue, grundlegende Studie zu Klima-Reparationen ergibt, dass die größten Fosssilkonzerne jählich mindestens 209 Milliarden Dollar als Reparationen an von ihnen besonders geschädigte Communities zahlen müssen. Dabei sind Schäden wie der Verlust von Menschenleben und Zerstörung der Biodiversität nicht einberechnet. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/may/19/fossil-fuel-firms-owe-climate-reparations-of-209bn-a-year-says-study

      Studie: Time to pay the piper: Fossil fuel companies’ reparations for climate damages https://www.cell.com/one-earth/fulltext/S2590-3322(23)00198-7

    1. African countries have become reliant on a few food items.

      for - stats - Africa - food insecurity - adjancency - food colonialism - food insecurity - food dependency

      stats - food insecurity - 20 plant species make up 90% of food consumed in Africa - 3 crops introduced by the Green Revolution make up 60% of all calories consumed - wheat - maize - rice

      • African countries have become reliant on a few food items.

      • Just 20 plant species now provide 90% of our food, with three

        • wheat,
        • maize and
        • rice

      accounting for 60% of all calories consumed on the continent and globally.

      • This deprives the continent of diverse food sources,

      at the very time when research has found

      massive food and nutrition insecurity in Africa.

      • By 2020, about 20% of the continent’s population (281.6 million) faced hunger.
      • This figure is likely to have increased,
        • given the impacts of successive droughts, floods and COVID-19.

      Yet historically, Africa had

      - 30,000 edible plant species, and 
      - 7,000 were traditionally cultivated or foraged for food.
      

      The continent is a treasure trove of agrobiodiversity (a diversity of types of crops and animals) and

      • its countries could easily feed themselves.
  4. Dec 2023
    1. Die afrikanischen Politiker:innen Nathaniel Mong’are und Abdoulie Ceesay bewerten das COP28-Ergebnis und die Ktivitäten der Emirate vor und während der Konferenz als positiv. Maßgeblich für sie ist die Finanzierung des gerechten Übergang; hier sei viel, wenn auch bei weitem nicht genug, Geld mobilisiert worden.

      https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/12/15/cop28-fossil-fuel-nations-sabotage-climate-deal-africa/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Editors%27%20Picks:%2012152023&utm_term=editors_picks

    1. in west Africa, whereabout 6.4 million (39.3%) of an estimated 16.2 millionpregnant women had malaria infections

      39.3% of pregnant women in West Africa moderate to high transmission countries had malaria infections in 2022. This seems surprisingly high. I haven't seen the regular case incidence for West Africa directly mentioned in this report, but I would expect it lower than the case incidence for Nigeria which I calculate as 30.5% (p202)

    2. 1.2

      1.2% of patients don't respond to the standard malaria medication

    3. A. P. falciparum parasite rate (Pf PR), 2022

      ChatGPT: "The term "Plasmodium falciparum parasite rate" refers to the percentage of individuals in a population who are infected with the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum ... PfPR\(_{2-10}\) refers to the Plasmodium falciparum Parasite Rate in the age group of 2 to 10 years old."

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    Annotators

    1. Dichter und sehr gut dokumentierter Überblicksratikel über die Expansionspläne der Öl- und Gasindustrie. Aus unerschlossenen Feldern sollen 230 Milliarden Barrel Öläquivalent gefördert werden - im klaren Widerspruch zum Pariser Abkommen. Durch Ausbeutung neuer Lager werden bis 2025 voraussichtlich 70 Gt CO<sub>2</sub> und damit 17% des Budgets für das 1,5° Ziel ausgestoßen. Eingegangen wird auch auf den Ausstiegsplan des Tyndall Centre. https://taz.de/Run-auf-fossile-Brennstoffe/!5973686/

  5. Nov 2023
      • for: future cities - Africa, CommuniTgrow, urban planning - Africa, African cities, futures - African cities, 2 Billion Strong, Gita Govin, Richard Rubin, Alistair Rendall

      • title:

        • 2 Billion Strong
          • A Regenerative Solution to Building Sustainable African Cities
      • author
        • Gita Govin
        • Richard Rubin
        • Alistair Rendall
      • date: 2012
      • summary
        • This book outlines the vision from sustainable architectural firm CommuniTGrow for a template for a future sustainable African city. The first project launching in 2024 is the Milkwood Development in Cape Town:
    1. In Afrika ist Gasinfrastruktur für 245 Milliarden Dollar geplant Vanessa Nakate ruft die westlichen Staaten auf, Afrika bei der Entwicklung erneuerbarer Energien zu unterstützen, statt Erdgasvorräte zu erschließen, Abhängigkeit und Verschmutzung zu steigern und die Klimakrise noch weiter zu verschärfen. Nakate argumentiert auch damit, dass nach dem neuesten IEA Report bereits 2025 ein Erdgasüberschuss herrschen wird. Nur 2% der Investitionen in Erneuerbare gehen im Augenblick nach Afrika https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/oct/27/rich-countries-fossil-fuels-africa-renewables-gas-climate

  6. Sep 2023
      • for: climate financing, JETP, Just Energy Transition Partnerships
      • summary
        • Just Energy Transition Partnerships (JETP) are happening in South Africa and also Indonesia, Vietnam, Senegal and possibly India.
        • Will these actually happen? Will they be enough to avoid the highest risk of planetary tipping points?
    1. “Given the high unemployment rate in South Africa as well … you cannot sell it as a climate change intervention,” says Deborah Ramalope, head of climate policy analysis at the policy institute Climate Analytics in Berlin. “You really need to sell it as a socioeconomic intervention.”
      • for: quote, quote - climate change intervention, Trojan horse, Deborah Ramalope
      • quote
        • Given the high unemployment rate in South Africa as well … you cannot sell it as a climate change intervention, you really need to sell it as a socioeconomic intervention.
      • author: Deborah Ramalop
      • date: Aug. 15, 2023
      • source: https://www.wired.co.uk/article/just-energy-transition-partnerships-south-africa-cop
      • comment
        • A Trojan horse strategy
    2. climate finance expert Malango Mughogho, who is managing director of ZeniZeni Sustainable Finance Limited in South Africa and a member of the United Nations High-Level Expert Group on net-zero emissions commitments.
      • for: climate change financing - South Africa, Malango Mughogho, ZeniZeni, net-zero
  7. Aug 2023
    1. Views 0 CrossRef citations to date 32 Altmetric Research Article The spatial and social logic of the Minibus Taxi network: how access may support social inclusion in Cape Town, South Africa
      • for: cape town transportation, minibus industry South Africa , Cape Town, sustainable transportation, informal transport
      • title
        • Views 0 CrossRef citations to date 32 Altmetric Research Article The spatial and social logic of the Minibus Taxi network: how access may support social inclusion in Cape Town, South Africa
      • date
        • May 24, 2021
      • author
        • Ruth Joan Nelson
      • source
  8. Jul 2023
    1. Vor allem in afrikanischen Ländern wie Burkina Faso wird eine weitere Erhitzung zu Temperaturen führen, die für Menschen nur durch Klimatisierung zu ertragen sind. Weltweit wird der Energiebedarf für Kühlung so sehr steigen, dass er 2050 dem gesamten Energiebedarf der USA, Europas und Japans im Jahr 2016 entsprechen könnte. Bericht über eine schon im Mai erschienene Studie zum Kühlungsbedarf bis 2050.

      https://burkina24.com/2023/07/21/rechauffement-climatique-le-burkina-faso-parmi-les-pays-les-plus-severement-touches-en-afrique/

      Studie: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-023-01155-z

      (via @Snoro@mastodon.social )

    1. First and foremost, where will a largely desert country source the water for electrolysis? Secondly, will Namibia export only hydrogen, ammonia, or some of the industrial products made with the green inputs? It would be advantageous for Namibia to develop a heavy-chemicals and iron-smelting industry. But from Germany’s point of view, that might well defeat the object, which is precisely to provide affordable green energy with which to keep industrial jobs in Europe.

      This is an interesting point - shipping the gas vs shipping the higher value products enabled by the gas

  9. Jun 2023
    1. This a summary of the conference, and the key takeaways for me are:

      • lack of local adoption: **climate alerts and news in general is often in English, and indexes assume a European norm, so for a hotter place it's hard to tell when things are much worse than normal. A as result they're not used so much,
      • climate killing the least vulnerable water bornes diseases are increased by flooding, and the leading cause of child deaths ends up being amplified
      • downscaled climate models are helpful not not widely available there is a lack of infra to use them
    2. Dr Lisa van Aardenne, the chief scientist of the University of Cape Town’s climate system analysis group, discussed the use and utility of thermal stress indices. She pointed out that, by the definitions of the universal thermal climate index, much of Africa is under heat stress most days of the year.  Van Aardenne noted that these indices have been developed from a European perspective and do not align with the reality on the ground in Africa. She added: “I’m very concerned that these indices are not fit for purpose here.”

      So for Africa, the figures are so bad that they always look like they're in an emergency? I'm guessing the impact would be that people are more likely to ignore them

    3. Dr Sokhna Thiam, from the African Population and Health Research Center in Nairobi, Kenya, added that water-borne enteric diseases are among the “primary expected health impacts” of climate change.

      Basically climate changes makes the leading cause of child deaths much worse

  10. May 2023
    1. United States biomedical researchers and pharmaceutical companies are conducting and paying African doctors to conduct unethical and illegal testing of human subjects. Nonconsensual research on human subjects is an atrocity that occurred in Tuskegee, Alabama, and in Guatemala for over forty years. Once outlawed in the U.S., medical researchers began experimenting on thousands of human research subjects without their consent in Cameroon, Ghana, Namibia, Nigeria, Uganda, South Africa, Zimbabwe and other African countries.

  11. Apr 2023
  12. Feb 2023
    1. The complexities of the response of South Africans to the war in Ukraine are discussed in this story. On the one hand, the South African ANC government has had a historical political and economic relationship with Russia that continues up to the invasion of Ukraine. On the other hand, the ANCs struggle against apartheid puts it in a paradoxical situation with the huge atrocities Russia is now perpetrating upon Ukraine.

      Violations of early NATO treaty and alleged corruption within the Ukraine government cannot justify Putin's continued human rights atrocities.

      In this day and age, does national sovereignty justify war? In this day and age, the need for Mutually Assured Destruction is indeed MADness .

      With climate change breathing down our necks as well as the 6th mass extinction, we appear to be a world gone mad.

  13. Jan 2023
    1. I was struck by the sad, but simultaneously brutally honest ways in which Wainaina illustrates how Africa as a continent has been classically depicted in literature. Wainaina describes that there is a primarily Eurocentric view of Africa in which white people, celebrities, activists, aids workers, and conservationists seem to be held in a higher regard than native Africans.

    1. In 2003 five northern Nigerian states boycotted the oral polio vaccine due to fears that it was unsafe. Though the international responses have been scrutinised in the literature, this paper argues that lessons still need to be learnt from the boycott: that the origins and continuation of the boycott were due to specific local factors.

      Origin and continuation boycott made this unique.

    1. Indeed ‘anti-vaccination rumours’ have been defined as a major threat to achieving vaccine coverage goals. This is demonstrated in this paper through a case study of responses to the Global Polio Eradication Campaign (GPEI) in northern Nigeria where Muslim leaders ordered the boycott of the Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV). A 16-month controversy resulted from their allegations that the vaccines were contaminated with anti-fertility substances and the HIV virus was a plot by Western governments to reduce Muslim populations worldwide.
  14. Dec 2022
  15. Nov 2022
  16. Aug 2022
    1. Kustin, T., Harel, N., Finkel, U., Perchik, S., Harari, S., Tahor, M., Caspi, I., Levy, R., Leschinsky, M., Dror, S. K., Bergerzon, G., Gadban, H., Gadban, F., Eliassian, E., Shimron, O., Saleh, L., Ben-Zvi, H., Amichay, D., Ben-Dor, A., … Stern, A. (2021). Evidence for increased breakthrough rates of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in BNT162b2 mRNA vaccinated individuals. MedRxiv, 2021.04.06.21254882. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.06.21254882

    1. John Burn-Murdoch. (2021, November 25). Five quick tweets on the new variant B.1.1.529 Caveat first: Data here is very preliminary, so everything could change. Nonetheless, better safe than sorry. 1) Based on the data we have, this variant is out-competing others far faster than Beta and even Delta did 🚩🚩 https://t.co/R2Ac4e4N6s [Tweet]. @jburnmurdoch. https://twitter.com/jburnmurdoch/status/1463956686075580421

    1. Jay Patel. (2021, December 12). Well captured by @snolen. Even as vaccine supply becomes more reliable, the uptake challenge across Africa is partly down to “vaccine indifference” rather than hesitancy––there are far more pressing problems across the region. [Tweet]. @PatelJay. https://twitter.com/Patel_Jay_/status/1470028858682400772

  17. Jul 2022
    1. Im Zentrum des Interesses an Afrika und der Interessen afrikanischer Eltern steht Energie. Ägypten will das neue Feld von Zohr ausbeuten. Italien hat Abkommen mit Kongo, Angola und Algerien geschlossen.

  18. May 2022
    1. Crop harvests for direct food use insufficient to meet the UN’s food security goal

      Planetary Boundary / Doughnut Economic Main Main Category: SOCIO-ECONOMIC: Food

      Visit Stop Reset Go on Indyweb for detailed context graph and to begin or engage in discussion on this topic. (Coming soon)

  19. Apr 2022
    1. (((Howard Forman))) [@thehowie]. (2021, December 26). South Africa Hospitalizations⬆️15% week over week⬆️0.3% from yesterday Gauteng Province⬆️2.4% week over week⬆️0.7% Long plateau: Ventilators are last to peak (17% of Delta peak) Should see meaningful declines later this week. Https://t.co/qNv1l5hNcv [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/thehowie/status/1475095305297268740

    1. Kai Kupferschmidt. (2021, December 1). If you’re curious how likely #omicron is to have spread from South Africa or Botswana to different places, @DirkBrockmann and colleagues have done some interesting calculations based on the world aviation network from 08/2021 You can see that US seems a very likely destination https://t.co/OSnZ6ZNble [Tweet]. @kakape. https://twitter.com/kakape/status/1466107074585239568

    1. Ravi K Gupta [@ravgup33_ravi]. (2021, November 24). This one is worrying and I’ve not said that since delta. Please get vaccinated and boosted and mask up in public as the mutations in this virus likely result in high level escape from neutralising antibodies [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/ravgup33_ravi/status/1463626745651806208

    1. Dr Dominic Pimenta [@DrDomPimenta]. (2021, December 15). An illustration of communicating risk with “less severe” variants: [Thread] Assume Omicron is 4x more transmissible than Delta. [1] Assume Omicron leads to 1/3 less admissions than Delta. [Figure below] Assume 1 in 100 cases of Delta are admitted to hospital. Https://t.co/XtnVwoOrUo [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/DrDomPimenta/status/1471094002808242177

    1. Prof. Christina Pagel 🇺🇦 [@chrischirp]. (2021, November 24). As well as Tom’s new one (B.1.1.529), C.1.2 seems to be spreading in S Africa—C.1.2 was the one with lots of worrying mutations first reported in August... Plus cases in S Africa suddenly increasing again in the middle of their summer. Https://t.co/fCqfOMcO83 [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/chrischirp/status/1463504890530086917

    1. Dr Emma Hodcroft [@firefoxx66]. (2021, November 26). We now have B.1.1.529 sequences (designed at @nextstrain clade 21K) up in our Africa build. You can check them out below. These are from South Africa & Botswana—You can see the high number of mutations. CoVariants focal build & updates will come ASAP. https://t.co/fqBldneF5U [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/firefoxx66/status/1464145615571623938

    1. Moritz Gerstung. (2021, November 1). An update on currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants in England beyond AY.4.2. Based on data released weekly to http://covid19.sanger.ac.uk we’ve been monitoring the speed of spread of currently 232 lineages. It’s a very dynamic situation and at times hard to stay on top. 🧵 [Tweet]. @MoritzGerstung. https://twitter.com/MoritzGerstung/status/1455136551407689734

    1. South Africa has nearly 26 000 schools, 400 000 teachers and close to 13-million learners.

      South Africa has an interesting number of school and learners. with a big number of learners in the country.

  20. Mar 2022
  21. Feb 2022
    1. Adele Groyer. (2022, January 8). Friday report is now out. Https://covidactuaries.org/2022/01/07/the-friday-report-issue-58/ I am struck that perception of a “mild” Covid situation is relative. In SA natural deaths were >30% higher than predicted in Dec. The last time weekly death rates in E&W were more than 30% above 2015-19 levels was in Jan 2021. Https://t.co/S9fkn2WFVk [Tweet]. @AdeleGroyer. https://twitter.com/AdeleGroyer/status/1479760460589191170

  22. Jan 2022
    1. Tom Wenseleers. (2022, January 30). Seems that the second Omicron subvariant BA.2 may soon be about to cause cases to start rising again in South Africa... Or at least to stop the decline in new infections. Shows how fast immunity wanes & evolution can catch up. Https://t.co/3y4xqPgZ0L [Tweet]. @TWenseleers. https://twitter.com/TWenseleers/status/1487919837670219781

  23. Dec 2021
    1. Arieh Kovler. (2021, November 26). Israel has identified four cases of the B.1.1.529 variant, all recent travellers. One case, a 32-year-old woman returning from South Africa, was triple vaccinated with Pfizer and had her 3rd dose just two months ago. [Tweet]. @ariehkovler. https://twitter.com/ariehkovler/status/1464190991204859919

    1. Tom Moultrie. (2021, December 17). A 1-figure Gauteng update, bringing in data through Wednesday 15/12 (PCR only; by date of collection). The turn continues. On similar metrics (not shown) ALL northern provinces (NW, GT, MP, LP) seem to have now turned. Https://t.co/6Bh3kZsooK [Tweet]. @tomtom_m. https://twitter.com/tomtom_m/status/1471723711287996416

    1. Tom Moultrie. (2021, December 12). Given the comedic misinterpretation of the South African testing data offered by @BallouxFrancois (and many others!) last night ... I offer some tips having contributed to the analysis of the testing data for the @nicd_sa since April last year. (1/6) [Tweet]. @tomtom_m. https://twitter.com/tomtom_m/status/1469954015932915718

  24. Nov 2021
    1. Stephen Reicher. (2021, November 26). 55.1% of the worlds population has had one dose of Covid vaccine. 29% in South Africa 10.1% in Africa as a whole Only 6% of Africans are fully vaccinated So is it any surprise new variants are arising from Africa? What doesn’t go around (as vaccine) Comes around (as Covid). Https://t.co/0X0vZ6flmc [Tweet]. @ReicherStephen. https://twitter.com/ReicherStephen/status/1464202267196858380

  25. Oct 2021
    1. Coronavirus Pandemic Data Explorer. (n.d.). Our World in Data. Retrieved March 3, 2021, from https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus-data-explorer

      is:webpage lang:en COVID-19 graph case death Germany Sweden UK Afghanistan Africa Albania Algeria Andorra Angola Anguilla Antigua Barbuda Argentina Armenia Asia Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Cayman Islands Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Comoros Congo Costa Rica Cote d'ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czechia Democratic Republic of Congo Denmark Djobouti Dominica Dominician Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Eswatini Ethiopia Europe Europian Union Faeroe Islands Falkland Islands Fiji Finland France Gabon Gambia Georgia Ghana Gibraltar Greece Greenland Grenada Guatemala Guernsey Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Isle of Man Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jersey Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kosovo Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macao Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Mashall Islands Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Micronesia Moldova Monaco Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria North America North Macedonia Northern Cyprus Norway Oceania Oman Pakistan Palestine Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philipines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Russia Rwanda Saint Helena Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent Grenadines Samoa San Marino Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South America South Korea South Sudan Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Switzerland Syria Taiwan Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Timor Togo Trinidad Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turks and Caicos Islands Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates USA Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Vatican Venezuela Vietnam World Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe test vaccine chart map table data case fatality rate mortality

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  26. Sep 2021
    1. Alex Macheras on Twitter: “UK government confirm tonight that if a person has been vaccinated in Africa, or South America, or countries including UAE, India, Turkey, Jordan, Thailand, Russia… …you are considered ‘unvaccinated’ and must follow ‘unvaccinated’ rules ⛔️ = 10 day home quarantine & tests” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved September 21, 2021, from https://twitter.com/AlexInAir/status/1438991435697639427

    1. Slavery existed in the African states, and it was sometimes used byEuropeans to justify their own slave trade. But, as Davidson points out, the“slaves” of Africa were more like the serfs of Europe—in other words, likemost of the population of Europe. It was a harsh servitude, but they had rightswhich slaves brought to America did not have, and they were “altogetherdifferent from the human cattle of the slave ships and the Americanplantations.”

      I like the framing of this.

      While Europeans used the fact that slavery existed in Africa to justify their own use of Africans as slaves, the concept of slavery in Africa was akin to the idea of serfs in Europe. These slaves/serfs in Africa certainly had hard and difficult lives, but they did have some rights and freedoms not granted to American slaves in any form.

  27. Aug 2021
    1. Madhi, S. A., Koen, A. L., Izu, A., Fairlie, L., Cutland, C. L., Baillie, V., Padayachee, S. D., Dheda, K., Barnabas, S. L., Bhorat, Q. E., Briner, C., Aley, P. K., Bhikha, S., Hermanus, T., Horne, E., Jose, A., Kgagudi, P., Lambe, T., Masenya, M., … Kwatra, G. (2021). Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in people living with and without HIV in South Africa: An interim analysis of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1B/2A trial. The Lancet HIV, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3018(21)00157-0

  28. Jul 2021
  29. Jun 2021
    1. ReconfigBehSci. (2021, May 9). RT @Tuliodna: Confirmed Detection of B.1.617.2 and B.1.1.7 in South Africa by NGS-SA This report was sent to our Health Minister @DrZweliM… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1391416831156514817

  30. May 2021
    1. Eric Topol. (2021, February 17). New reports @NEJM today confirming some immune evasion of the B.1.351 variant (identified in South Africa) to both the mRNA vaccines, in vitro data @BioNTech_Group/@Pfizer and @moderna_tx. Less vaccine efficacy vs B.1.351 has been confirmed in clinical trials for 3 vaccines https://t.co/2N7eKDllso [Tweet]. @EricTopol. https://twitter.com/EricTopol/status/1362160675913568256

  31. Apr 2021
    1. This black Lord is called Musse Melly and is the sovereign of the land of the negroes of Gineva [Ghana]. This king is the richest and noblest of all these lands due to the abundance of gold that is extracted from his lands.

      The black lord refers to Mansa Musa, a dedicated Muslim and Emperor of West Africa during the 14th century. Land of the negroes means dark-skinned civilization. It mentions that his the richest and noblest of all lands indicate his travels because it compares other emperors' wealth and hereditary class to Mansa Musa. No other empire could compare to his status because of the natural resources of gold in Mansa land. His leadership is shown due to him being called black lord. He had vast amounts of his people following him on his travel to Mecca, which shows his people's dedication and respect for him as king.

    1. Trevor Bedford. (2021, January 14). After ~10 months of relative quiescence we’ve started to see some striking evolution of SARS-CoV-2 with a repeated evolutionary pattern in the SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern emerging from the UK, South Africa and Brazil. 1/19 [Tweet]. @trvrb. https://twitter.com/trvrb/status/1349774271095062528

  32. Mar 2021
    1. de Oliveira T, Lutucuta S, Nkengasong J, Morais J, Paixao JP, Neto Z, Afonso P, Miranda J, David K, Ingles L, Amilton P A P R R C, Freitas H R, Mufinda F, Tessema K S , Tegally H, San E J, Wilkinson E, Giandhari J, Pillay S, Giovanetti M, Naidoo Y, Katzourakis A, Ghafari M, Singh L, Tshiabuila D, Martin D, Lessells R. (2021) A Novel Variant of Interest of SARS-CoV-2 with Multiple Spike Mutations Detected through Travel Surveillance in Africa. medRxiv. https://www.krisp.org.za/publications.php?pubid=330. Accessed 26 March 2021.

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