Old Typewriters (1950) by [[British Pathé]]

https://new.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1gdo6lw/the_ergonomic_keyboard_goes_back_a_lot_further/

Why was marijuana so popular and mainstream in the past???

Jamaica became independent in 1962

reply to u/ArousedByApostasy at https://old.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/1g8diq4/any_books_about_how_someone_used_zettelkasten_to/

If you're suffering from the delusion (and many do) that Zettelkasten is only about Luhmann and his own writing and 4-5 recent books on the topic, you're only lacking creativity and some research skills. Seemingly Luhmann has lots of good PR, particularly since 2013, but this doesn't mitigate the fact that huge swaths of the late 1800s to the late 1900s are chock-a-block full of books produced by these methods. Loads of examples exist under other names prior to that including florilegia, commonplace books, the card system, card indexes, etc.

Your proximal issue is that the scaffolding used to write all these books is generally invisible because authors rarely, if ever, talk about their methods and as a result, they're hard to "see". This doesn't mean that they don't exist.

I've got a list of about 50+ books about the topic of zettelkasten or incredibly closely related methods dating back to 1548 if you want to peruse some: https://www.zotero.org/groups/4676190/tools_for_thought/collections/V9RPUCXJ/tags/note%20taking%20manuals/items/F8WSEABT/item-list

There are a variety of examples of people's note collections that you can see in various media and compare to their published output. I've collected several dozens of examples, many of which you can find here: https://boffosocko.com/research/zettelkasten-commonplace-books-and-note-taking-collection/

Interesting examples to get you started:

• Vladimir Nabokov's estate published copies of his index cards for the novel The Original of Laura which you can purchase and read in its index card format. You can find a copy of his index card diary as Insomniac Dreams from Princeton University Press: https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691196909/insomniac-dreams
• S.D. Goitein - researchers on the Cairo Geniza still use his note collection to produce new scholarship; though he had 1/3 the number of note cards compared to Luhmann, his academic writing output was 3 times larger. If you dig around you can find a .pdf copy of his collection of almost 30,000 notes and compare it to his written work.
• There's a digitized collection of W. Ross Ashby's notes (in notebook and index card format) which you can use to cross reference his written books and articles. https://ashby.info/
• Wittgenstein had a well-known note collection which underpinned his works (as well as posthumous works). See: Wittgenstein, Ludwig. Zettel. Edited by Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret Anscombe and Georg Henrik von Wright. Translated by Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret Anscombe. Second California Paperback Printing. 1967. Reprint, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California: University of California Press, 2007.
• Roland Barthes had a significant collection from which he both taught and wrote; His notes following his mother's death can be read in the book Morning Diary which were published as index card-based notes.
• The Marbach exhibition in 2013 explored six well-known zettelkasten (including Luhmann's): Gfrereis, Heike, and Ellen Strittmatter. Zettelkästen: Maschinen der Phantasie. 1st edition. Marbach am Neckar: Deutsche Schillerges, 2013. https://www.amazon.de/-/en/Heike-Gfrereis/dp/3937384855/.
• Philosopher John Locke wrote a famous treatise on indexing commonplace books which underlay his own commonplacing and writing work: Locke, John, 1632-1704. A New Method of Making Common-Place-Books. 1685. Reprint, London, 1706. https://archive.org/details/gu_newmethodmaki00lock/mode/2up.
• Historian Jacques Barzun, a professor, dean and later provost at Columbia, not only wrote dozens of scholarly books, articles, and essays out of his own note collection, but also wrote a book about some of the process in a book which has over half a dozen editions: Barzun, Jacques, and Henry F. Graff. The Modern Researcher. New York, Harcourt, Brace, 1957. http://archive.org/details/modernreseracher0000unse. In his private life, he also kept a separate shared zettelkasten documenting the detective fiction which he read and was a fan. From this he produced A Catalogue of Crime: Being a Reader's Guide to the Literature of Mystery, Detection, and Related Genres (with Wendell Hertig Taylor). 1971. Revised edition, Harper & Row, 1989: ISBN 0-06-015796-8.
• Erasmus, Agricola, and Melanchthon all wrote treatises which included a variation of the note taking methods which were widely taught in the late 1500s at universities and other schools.
• The Jonathan Edwards Center at Yale has a digitized version of his note collection called the Miscellanies that you can use to cross reference his written works.
• A recent example I've come across but haven't mentioned to others until now is that of Barrett Wendell, a professor at Harvard in the late 1800s, taught composition using a zettelkasten or card system method.
• Director David Lynch used a card index method for writing and directing his movies based on the method taught to him by Frank Daniel, a dean at the American Film Institute.
• Mortimer J. Adler et al. created a massive group zettelkasten of western literature from which they wrote volumes 2 and 3 (aka The Syntopicon) of the Great Books of the Western World. See: https://forum.zettelkasten.de/discussion/2623/mortimer-j-adlers-syntopicon-a-topically-arranged-collaborative-slipbox
• Before he died, historian Victor Margolin made a YouTube video of how he wrote the massive two volume World History of Design which included a zettelkasten workflow: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kxyy0THLfuI
• Martin Luther King, Jr. kept a zettelkasten which is still extant and might allow you to reference his notes to his written words.
• The Brothers Grimm used a zettelkasten method (though theirs was slips nailed to a wall) to create The Deutsches Wörterbuch (The German Dictionary that preceeded the Oxford Dictionary). The DWB was begun in 1838 by Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm who worked on it through the letter F prior to their deaths. The dictionary project was ended in 1961 after 123 years of work which resulted in 16 volumes. A further 17th source volume was released in 1971.
• Here's an interesting video of Ryan Holliday's method condensed over time: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dU7efgGEOgk
• Because Halloween is around the corner, I'll even give you a published example of death by zettelkasten described by Nobel Prize winner Anatole France in one of his books: https://boffosocko.com/2022/10/24/death-by-zettelkasten/

If you dig in a bit you can find and see the processes of others like Anne Lamott, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Bob Hope, Michael Ende, Twyla Tharp, Kate Grenville, Marcel Mauss, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Phyllis Diller, Carl Linnaeus, Beatrice Webb, Isaac Newton, Harold Innis, Joan Rivers, Umberto Eco, Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, Raymond, Llull, George Carlin, and Eminem who all did variations of this for themselves for a variety of output types.

These barely scratch the surface of even Western intellectual history much less other cultures which have broadly similar methods (including oral cultures). If you do a bit of research into any major intellectual, you're likely to uncover a similar underlying method of work.

While there are some who lionize Luhmann, he didn't invent or even perfect these methods, but is just a drop of water in a vast sea of intellectual history.

And how did I write this short essay response? How do I have all these examples to hand? I had your same question years ago and read and researched my way into an answer. I have both paper and digital zettelkasten from which to query and write. I don't count my individual paper slips of which there are over 15,000 now, but my digital repository is easily over 20,000 (though only 19K+ are public).

I hope you manage to figure out some version of the system for yourself and manage to create something interesting and unique out of it. It's not a fluke and it's not "just a method for writing material about zettelkasten itself".

for - definition - physiocrats - Steve Keen - economy - history - economic flow as biomimicry of body's circulation system

definition - physiocrat - During the 18th and 19th century, a group of mostly French "economists" led by Francois Quesnay, physician to the King of France at the time, performed some of the first autopsies of the time. - Autopsies were banned for the longest time for religious reasons - When Quesnay performed autopsies, he discovered networks of tubes in the circulation system and this led him to surmise a network of circulation in another field, economics - Quesnay advised the king, hence the name physiocrat - So modern economics has its roots in biology - it was a case of biomimicry!

An Orga Privat and its History by [[Will Davis]]

Miles, 1905 uses an arrow symbol with a hash on it to indicate a "connecting link between two Sentences or Paragraphs, etc."

It's certainly an early example of what we would now consider a hyperlink. It actively uses a "pointer" in it's incarnation.

Are there earlier examples of these sorts of idea links in the historical record? Surely there were circles and arrows on a contiguous page, but what about links from one place to separate places (possibly using page numbers?) Indexing methods from 11/12C certainly acted as explicit sorts of pointers.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eustace_Miles

The Time I Met New York’s Patron Saint of Typewriters by [[Thaisa Frank]] March 12, 2019

Offred's narrative makes connections to Chaucer, the first poet to publish in english. Most connection to the Canterbury tales which talks about pilgrims in a story-telling competition.

So are handmaids on a pilgrimage, and it is a tale and not a biography ?? Is offred a pilgrim looking for her religiousness?

Sexist element in saying she was looking for her lost faith and she was telling a fib, a lie, a myth.

O Mustafa Kabha εργαζεται σε Ισραηλινο πανεπιστημιο:

Mustafa Kabha is full Professor in the Department of History, Philosophy and Judaic Studies and the Head of the Middle Eastern studies at the Open University of Israel.

Το μεμαλοποιει, στη λιστα με τις σφαγες στη Wikipedia δεν βρισκω πολλες τετοιες.

Τη μεγαλυτερη συνυπευθυνοτητα για την κατασταση εχει η ενοχικη σταση των Δυτικων υπερ των Σιωνιστων και ο ρατσισμός τους κατα των "μαυριδερών" αραβων.

Δεν το διαβαζω συχνα αυτο το επιχειρημα σε κειμενα υπερασπισης το Ισραηλ, προτιμουν να μιλανε για την εργατικοτητα των αποικων. Αλλα εδω η λιστα ειναι υπερβολικα τριμαρισμενη. Οι ΗΠΑ δωσαν δισεκατομυρια για τουλαχιστον 50 χρονια: https://www.google.com/search?q=us+aid+to+israel+infographic

Και η βοηθεια συνεχιζει. Για συσχετιση, σημερα μονο η στρατιωτικη βοηθεια των ΗΠΑ στο Ισραηλ (9εκ κατοικοι) ισουται με 2 φορες τον αμυντικο προυπολογισμο του Ιραν (88εκ κατοικοι),

Επιτλεον, η σημαντικοτερη βοηθεια ειναι στον τομεα της προπαγανδα, δες πχ αυτη την ερευνα για την μεροληψια υπερ των Ισραηλινων του BBC.

Θα επρεπε μηπως το οταν οι Κυπριοι απεριψαν το σχεδιο Αναν του ΟΗΕ, μετα να τους παιρναν τα εδαφη? Γιατι αυτο τους συνεβη μετα.

Ξεχναει τις πραξεις των Χαγκανα, Ιργκούν & Λεχι ισραηλινες τρομοκρατικες οργανωσεις. Ενω η Νοτριμ ηταν "δοσιλογικη" οργανωση που πληρωναν και εξοπλιζαν οι Βρετανοι για να αστυνομευει τους αραβες γειτονους τους.

Αλλα οι λιστες με τις σφαγες, 2 ειναι μεγαλες.

Δηλαδη να πληρωσουν οι μαυριδεροι για τα εγκληματα των Ναζι WASPs?

Η Χισταντρούτ ειναι μια Αριστερη Σιωνιστικη οργανωση πισω απο τα Κιμπουτζ (Εργατικος Σιωνισμος), απο αυτες που ηττηθηκαν απο τον τρομοκρατικο Σιωνισμο των Ιργκουν & Χαγκανα, αυτες που φτιαξαν τον σημερινο Ισραηλινο Στρατο (IDF) που μαζι με τη Μοσσαντ, εγγυουνται το κρατος του Ισραηλ.

Και εγω απορω γιατι αναφερεται ως τρομοκρατικη. Εκτος και αν επιδιωκει την αμαύρωσή της μεσω της διαψευσης(?).

Αυτο το λενε μονο βαθεια φανατικοι θρησκευομενοι Σιωνιστες.

Ηδη απο το 1929 οι Παλαιστινιοι ξεκινησαν να στοχευουν τους εποικους με την εξεγερση του αλ-Μπουρακ (απο το 3:00).

Ο Ilan Pape απαντα στο ποσο δηθεν "μεμονωμένες" ηταν οι συγκρούσεις.

Ο Αστέριος Κεχαγιάς ζει και εργαζεται στο Ισραηλ.

Ενα ακομη αρθρο του: Η παρουσία των Εβραίων στην Παλαιστίνη: Ιστορική αναδρομή

Οντως ηταν. Μοιαζει ολο αυτο με το πως εσπρωξαν οι Βρετανοι στη διχονοια την Κυπρο το '50.

Αλλα οι "νικητες", με τη γεναιοδωρη βοηθεια της Δυσης, Εβραιοι, αφου εδιωξαν και τους Βρετανους, ειναι προσβλητικο να επικαλουνται το "μπαχαλο" της εποχης, αντι να αναλαμβανουν τις εθνοκαθαρτικες ευθυνες τους.

Μονο που οι Παλαιστινιακη μνημη ειναι απο αιμα καταγεγραμμενη και δεν φρονιμευει με τετοιες δικαιολογιες.

Ακουγεται σα δικαιλογια. Και οι Ελληνες ειχαν 3 εμφυλιους, δικαιωνε αυτο τους Τουρκους? Και οι Τουρκοι δεν ειχαν καν εκδιωξει τους ελληνες απο τις εστιες τους.

Οι φοβερες σφαγες που μνημονευουν οι Παλαιστινιοι δεν εγιναν με βεδουινους, παντως.

Μεγαλη μπουκια φαε, ...(βλεπε παρακατω).

Παραπανω δεν ελεγε πως ηταν ολα ροδινα?

Δεκτο. Αλλα γιατι να την πληρωσουν πληθυσμοι που δεν ειχαν σχεση με τους διωγμους των εβραιων? Και γιατι να φερθουν ως αποικειοκρατες κατακτητες, και οχι ως ικετες και προσφυγες?

Ειπαμε, η σχεση των Ασκεναζι με το Λεβαντε ειναι συγκεχυμενη:

The origins of early AJ, as well as the history of admixture events that have shaped their gene pool, are subject to debate (Data S1, section 1). Genetic evidence supports a mixed Middle Eastern (ME) and European (EU) ancestry in AJ. This is based on uniparental markers with origins in either region (Behar et al., 2006, 2017; Costa et al., 2013; Hammer et al., 2000, 2009; Nebel et al., 2001)

Αναφερεται στο Pale of Settlement? Και στους "τυχερους" που ξεφευγαν απο αυτο??

Οι Σιωνιστες το μεταφραζουν ως "επιστροφη", να μην εχει και αρνητικης προεκτασεις.

Σε τι διωγμους ανασερεται ο επιστημονας εδω? Ποιοι τους εδιωχναν? Γιατη δεν εδιωχναν τους αλλους γηγενεις πληθυσμους??

Ετσι απροσδιοριστα εντασσεται στη hasbara θυματοποισης τους εβραικου λαου απο την προιστορια.

Παλι θεωρειται δεδομενο κατι που εκκρεμμει να αποδειχτει.

Ωπα!!<br /> Που ειναι τα ιστορικα τεκμηρια για τετοια μεγαλη μετακινηση?? Ποτε ακριβως εγινε αυτο? Υποτιθεται ξεκινησε με την καταστροφη του Ναου τους απο τους Ρωμαιους το ~90μχ αλλα δεν σημειωνεται κατι στο DNA ή σε ιστορικα ντοκουμεντα. Ειναι θρησκευτικη η θεωρια αυτη.

Γενετικα οι Ασκεναζι, οι εβραικοι πληθυσμοι της βορειοανατολοκης Ευρωπης εχουν μικρη μονο γενετικη συνδεση με το λεβαντε: ελαχιστη με τους κανααναΐτες, λιγο μεγαλυτερη με τους εβραικους πληθυσμους του.

Αυτο ειναι μεγαλο ζητημα, και ακομη και να ισχυε στο 100%, δεν μπορει να διεκδικουν τη γη μετα απο 3000 χρονια, σωστα?

Παλι αυτη η αναχρονιστικη αντιστιξη.

Βασικη δικαιολογια του Ισραηλ απο τον επεκτατικ'ο του πολεμο των 6 ημερων το '67 ειναι πως υπαρχει ηδη Παλαιστινιακο κρατος, η Ιορδανια.

Strawman's argument. Κανεις Παλαιστινιος δεν ειπε πως η Nakba κατεστρεψε το κρατος τους. Απο τη γη τους τους εδιωξε και τους παπουδες τους εκτελεσαν.

Τους εδιωξαν ολους?! Η προσφατη γενιτικη ερευνα δειχνει το αντιθετο.

Μαλλον ειναι ξεπερασμενη η θεωρια, βλ. WP.

Ξεπερασμενη θεωρια:

the Greek etymology of Pelasgian terms mentioned in Herodotus such as θεοί (derived from θέντες) indicates that the "Pelasgians spoke a language at least 'akin to' Greek".

Tο οτι απο νωρις το κειμενο τοποθετει τους Εβραιους ανταγωνιστικα απεναντι στους Αραβες απο την εποχη του Χαλκου (3300π.χ. - 1200πχ), ξεχωριζοντας και τους δύο απο τους Χαναανιτες, ειναι η Ιουδαικη εξιστορηση. Η σημασια της ειναι να μεινουν οι Εβραιοι σαν το μοναδικο αρχαιο φυλο της περιοχης.

Βλεπεις, ο προπατορας των Αραβων ο Μωαμεθ εμφανιιστηκε ~1600 χρονια αργοτερα, το 600μχ, και εξισλαμισε αρκετα απο τα σημιτικα φυλα αυτης της περιοχης του Λεβάντε, εβραιους συμπεριλαμβανομενους, κατα τη WikiPedia (WP):

The Muslim conquest of the Levant in the 7th century initiated a process of Arabization and Islamization through the conversion and acculturation of locals, accompanied by Arab settlement.

Επιτλεον, οι συγχρονοι παλαιστινιοι (και οι γηγενεις εβραιοι) εχουν γενετικη συνεχεια με τους πληθυσμους της περιοχης στην Εποχη του Χαλκου (WP):

Historical records and later genetic studies indicate that the Palestinian people descend mostly from from Ancient Levantines extending back to Bronze Age inhabitants of Levant.

Αυτη η θεση αντηχει μεσα στο κειμενο, "ειστε Αραβες, ξενομπατηδες απο τη Σ.Αραβια", ενω η WP σωστα γραφει:

[...] the Arab identity of Palestinians is largely based on linguistic and cultural affiliation and is not necessarily associated with the existence of any Arabian origins.

Ilan Pape on why [[Balfour Declaration]] was welcomed in the Britain.

Ilan Pape on the connectio of evangelical Christians with the Zionists, to speed up Jesus's resurrection.

Sublette, Ned, and Constance Sublette. The American Slave Coast: A History of the Slave-Breeding Industry. Lawrence Hill Books, 2015. https://www.amazon.com/American-Slave-Coast-Slave-Breeding-Industry/dp/1613748205/.

Recommended by Jerry Michalski

Snyder, Timothy. On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century. Crown, 2017. https://www.amazon.com/Tyranny-Twenty-Lessons-Twentieth-Century/dp/0804190119.

Flancian mentioned reading

for - false dichotomy - throughout history - clerics and warriors - excluded majority of the working class - inclusive third way - reviving works as spiritual activity - Benjamin Suriano

for - false dichotomy - common throughout history - clerics and warriors - alienated masses of the ordinary workers - Benjamin Suriano

for - Indyweb dev - history - Gyuri and Christopher 2019 paper

Patient phenotypes listed: mild bleeding history normal platelet number increased mean platelet volume increased RIPA (les than typical PT-VWD) enhanced binding of VWF to platelets (assessed by flow cytometry)

Has functional and HXMS data to support classification to pathogenic

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avishai_Margalit

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Nora

Class 2, Does Memory Matter? Why Are Universities Studying Slavery and Their Pasts? by David Blight for [[YaleCourses]]

https://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/2015/01/harris-visible-rex-visible-demountable.html

http://www.furniturecityhistory.org/company/3841/steelcase-inc

History of Steelcase furniture company

https://michmemories.org/exhibits/collections/catalog/2e3f9004ef4e8ba13e991d3ed1aa32d

http://www.furniturecityhistory.org/ Furniture City History Grand Rapids, MI

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCScn9kxUjOfDNJk3Z-1NWKA Old Typerwriters and Calculators

The YouTube Channel of fausto tomesani https://typewriterdatabase.com/typewriters.php?hunter_search=7180

The 10,000 Year Explosion

Needs better sourcing, but

Henry Dreyfuss added crinkle paint to his Royal Quiet De Luxe typewriter design to diffuse reflected light so that typists who worked at their machines all day wouldn't have headaches from the glare reflecting off the fronts of their machines.

https://workpad.co.uk/properties/45-bedford-row/

45 Bedford Row was the address for the Durable Supply Company which distributed Orga typewriters in Britain in the 1930s.

https://typewriterdatabase.com/1924-orga-privat-2.11451.typewriter

Some scant history of Orga typewriters without sourcing.

Interesting perspective as interpretation where Jack says at the moment the song says "Who made up words, who made up numbers? Who wrote the Bible, who wrote the Q'uran" it might not even be a call to reflect and think for yourself (although this is absolutely a recurring theme in the song) but maybe they are implying all the science traces back not to the West (Europe) but to the East (Egypt, Africa). This interpretation aligns with the album this song was produced in, which is about Africa.

(~2:10)

Fascinating. Rob Pierri mentions that there had been a shift in education from the development of the soul to the development of monetizable skills... Keep society manageable.

The question that remains for me is, what will ultimately leave society better and advance it? In the end, what matters more, the material or the immaterial? Why?

A comparison of urban development privatisation and internet development corporatisation

Johns, Adrian. The Science of Reading: Information, Media, and Mind in Modern America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2023. https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/S/bo183629196.html

fair enough...

( ~ 9:36)

Luhmann got his doctoral and habilitation thesis in one year, in 1966; but the books he used for this had been written in 1964, according to Dr. Schmidt.

Schiff, Stacy. “Véra Nabokov Was the First and Greatest Champion of ‘Lolita.’” The New Yorker, March 5, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210729035701/https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/vera-nabokov-was-the-first-and-greatest-champion-of-lolita.

relationship to Eric Hoffer's The True Believer and modern politics?

relationship to the Great Books idea in 1942-1952 and beyond?

repeating history...

History is the story of God... It serves as a narrative to describe what God has done.

Inferring based on the creation is secondary circumstantial evidence, the eyewitness account is that of God himself.

for - educator - polycrisis - individual action - levers - climate and earth history specialists help with education

educator - earth climate history specialist can help with education about the past to help understand what we face in the present

climate education - low impact due to - ignoring perspectival knowing - and salience landscapes - It may help to look at the problem of education through the lens of Michael Levin's multi-scale competency architecture - https://hyp.is/FFxzRL2nEe6ghzeLcJGM7A/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10167196/ - Applied to cognitive and cultural evolution within the lifetime of a single individual (human) - The salience landscape of an individual can vary depending on their educational and cultural background - There are multiple categories of concepts, each with their own degree of salience: - immediate phenomenological experience - high salience - second hand, linguistically communicated experience - moderate and dependent on source - scientific reported phenomena - moderate, high or low, dependent on source and cultural / educational background - second hand, linguistically communicated experience - low, moderate or high, dependent on source and cultural / educational background - A key observation is that humans are evolved to detect specific environmental cue but miss many others - The rate of cultural evolution is so rapid that our biologically adapted processes cannot adapt quickly enough to the rapid cultural changes, resulting in the experience of "hyperobjects" - https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?max=100&expanded=true&user=stopresetgo&exactTagSearch=true&any=+hyperobject - education that is done haphazardly and in an adhoc manner will fail to discriminate between this large variety of salience landscape, with the overall impact of low educational impact

for - climate crisis - 5 deg C could reproduce similar levels of catastrophes as those in early earth history

for - key insight - progress trap - A Short History of Progress - we are clever but NOT wise!

key insight - progress trap - A Short History of Progress - we are clever but NOT wise! - In other words - Intelligence is FAR DIFFERENT than wisdom

new memes - We have an abundance of intelligence and a dearth of wisdom - A little knowledge is dangerous, a lot of knowledge is even more dangerous

for - comparison - history vs archeology - Ronald Wright

comparison - history vs archeology - Ronald Wright - Written history is very recent but archeology can go back hundreds of millions of years

for - history - agriculture - Holocene required

history - agriculture - Holocene required - Ronald Wright makes a good point, without a long stable climate period such as the Holocene, agricultural experimentation would not have succeeded

for - progress trap - example - from history - Sumerian civilization

progress trap - example - from history - Sumerian civilization - the really big progress traps uh come with with the invention of agriculture and - i mentioned the first full-blown civilization in the old world the sumerians who perfected the art of irrigation in what is now southern iraq and - for for several centuries everything went really well - They had built canals and ran the water onto the desert and were able to - raise more and more crops and - expand their farmland and - expand their population and - their cities got bigger - their numbers got greater but - what they didn't know is that the kind of irrigation they were practicing - was causing the land to get saltier and saltier - and after a number of centuries they suddenly saw their farm meals declining because of salinity - and they had to switch to crops that could tolerate more salt - and then eventually they ended up producing only about one quarter of the food that they'd been able to produce when they started -and the civilization collapsed - So they had walked into what i call in my book a progress trap - and this is where the myth of progress is so seductive - You do something that in the short run produces obvious benefits so you're getting this positive feedback from some new invention, whether it's - a new way to drive mammoth over a cliff or - it's a new way to expand your farm base through irrigation - but there's a hidden cost down the road which is often hard to foresee

for - quote - myth of progress - Ronald Wright

quote - myth of progress - Ronald Wright - (see below) - although the idea that this can go on forever is where the myth of progress gets dangerous - because there have been many times and places in the human past, - not even necessarily in our own cultural tradition - among other civilizations where there have been great periods of - expansion and - prosperity - and everybody started to get the idea that life was getting better and better - but usually those those periods of rapid expansion are done and nature pays the bills for that

Comment - history repeats when we forget the lessons of that part. - Historians are so important right now to remind us of past lessons

Weller, Charles Edward. The Early History of the Typewriter. Chase & Shepard, printers, 1918. http://archive.org/details/earlyhistorytyp00wellgoog.

Theatres of Memory (1994) sounds like it's taking lots of examples from a zettelkasten and tying them together.

It's also interesting to note that he published several books posthumously. Was this accomplished in part due to his zettelkasten notes the way others like Ludwig Wittgenstein?

history of impact measurement

Next, I need to find out how to fit this sentiment on a bumper sticker.

lol

Time, Work-Discipline, and Industrial Capitalism - Author(s): E. P. Thompson - Source: Past & Present, No. 38 (Dec., 1967), pp. 56-97 - Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of The Past and Present Society - Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/649749

<small><cite class='h-cite via'>ᔥ <span class='p-author h-card'>Dan Allosso (@danallosso)</span> in Howard Zinn's A People's History, Part 1 (YouTube) (<time class='dt-published'>09/16/2021 09:28:56</time>)</cite></small>

Lacy, Tim. The Dream of a Democratic Culture: Mortimer J. Adler and the Great Books Idea. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. https://amzn.to/3R2rCox.

for - synthetic opiod - nitazene - history

from - youtube - VICE - The new fentanyl killing drug users in Europe - https://hyp.is/IVWJThYeEe-Szku3PU8_8g/docdrop.org/video/JqqfI-bIvnI/

You can cross check the data in the typewriter database for most of the big US and European brands to see the slow merging and dying out of the typewriter through the late 60s and early 70s onward. See, for example, Royal: https://typewriterdatabase.com/royal.72.typewriter-serial-number-database which has buyouts and mergers listed at the top. The database also has a huge volume of references for how it was compiled which will give you additional history.

The early 70s saw a lot of plastic entering the space where more durable steel used to be. Most major US firms were shifting to electric after IBM in roughly 1961. Post war manufacture of machines picked up significantly in Italy, Spain, Holland, and even Wales which displaced some of the manufacturing in the US, where solid machines of the prior generation still worked and only needed servicing rather than outright replacement. (Planned obsolescence wasn't as much of a thing during the 30s and 40s, and in fact, [maintenance was heavily highlighted during the war](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ocdxgkxKAKo) when most US manufacturers ceased production of most models.) Eventually Japan displaced the business followed by India (which ceased in 2009) and China. Wrexham, Wales ceased manufacture of electronic Brother typewriters in 2012.

Ever decreasing costs of materials and manufacturing, improved manufacturing technology, increased competition in the space, combined with containerized shipping, competition from computers, etc. all contributed to the cheapening of the typewriter and hastened the death of manufacturing (though not the use) of manual typewriters.

Richard Polt's The Typewriter Revolution (2015) has a "microhistory" of typewriters in chapter 2 with references to some addition histories if you're interested.

Your question about Olympia manufacture dates (and more) can be found via: https://typewriterdatabase.com/olympia.61.typewriter-serial-number-database

x over it has a good two part series about the evolution of Olympias at:

https://xoverit.blogspot.com/2015/02/olympia-sm-series-part-1-1948-1964.html

https://xoverit.blogspot.com/2015/04/olympia-sm-series-part-2-1964-1980s.html

for - history - Mother's Day - idea - campaign - Mother's Day 2025

to - history of Mother's Day - https://hyp.is/NTOVfBFgEe-C-J_9uUgLsg/www.plough.com/en/topics/culture/holidays/mothers-day/the-original-mother-s-day-proclamation

for - history - mother's day - Julia Ward Howe - conflict resolution - idea - event - Mother's Day 2025 - original spirit

idea - Mother's Day 2025 - What about bringing back the original spirit of Mother's Day to Mother's Day 2025?

from - Post - Linked In - Julia Tew -https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:7195408981052289025?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_desktop

for - progress trap - Prometheus complex - Dan Carlin - Gaston Bachelard - philosopher

summary - This short article brings up an interesting connection between - the Prometheus complex, - a term coined by the French philosopher Gaston Bachelard and - progress traps, - the unintended consequences of progress - The key insight is that human beings may have an Achilles Heel - the desire to know, even at the cost of harm - could be such a powerful impulsive urge - that we throw caution to the wind and - Icarus mythology may be a self-fulfilling prophecy - This also echos the views of my colleague Gyuri Lajos, - that invention for invention sake possesses this very dark side. - This is an important adjacency - as it questions the ethics of knowledge for knowledge sake - As we know from - the history of - progress and its shadowy counterpart, - the progress trap - our impulsive urge to invent has harmful impacts on everyone, - and these continually compound with time

Left Behind by [[Nancy Isenberg]]

This is of interest because Isenberg's White Trash came out in January 2016 just a five months before Vance's Hillbilly Elegy was released. As a result she didn't get to reference it in her book.

Dynasties rising to a peak, then, corrupting, losing Mandate of Heaven, which another dynasty gains.

1:09 He puts the question forward: "why is the material on zettelkasten so divergent?" Well, it has been, historically speaking. There is no one way to keep a zettelkasten. What the person is pointing at, I think, is why are practices so divergent from Niklas Luhmann?

https://ali.org/news/articles/three-generations-no-imbeciles/

• for: Michel Bilbot, transcendental, transcendental - Kant, awakening, non-dual, nondual, nonduality, non-duality, emptiness, epoche, Maurice Merle-Ponty, perspective shift, perspective shift - transcendental

• summary

  • Michel Bilbot gives an extremely important talk on two related themes
    • Kant's concept of the idea of transcendental
    • Husserl's concept of epoche / phenomenological reduction
      • definition here:
        • https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiep.utm.edu%2Fphen-red%2F&group=world
    • comparison of two perspectives of science as
      • panpsychism where atomic theories of materialism are held to be theories of everything
      • Husserl's phenomenology of human experience
  • Bilbot points out the situatedness each individual is born into life with. Even acts such as visually seeing reveal our situatedness as a seer with clues such as perspective that reveals structures of the seer such as vanishing point.

• adjacency

  • between
    • Kant's transcendental
    • Husserl / Maurice Merle-Ponty / Heidegger's phenomenology and epoche / phenomenological reduction methodology
    • eastern mysticism and philosophical ideas:
      • nonduality - dissolution of the self / other dualism
      • awakening
      • enlightenment
      • emptiness
  • adjacency statement
    • Michel Bilbot establishes the important foundation of one of Kant's major life works on the transcendental, and how Husserl's phenomenology and related process of the phenomenological reduction (epoche) is critical to understanding Husserl and Kant.
    • He then applies it to an analysis and comparison of science seen from two contrasting perspectives, atomic theories of panpsychism vs phenomenology.
    • Bilbot reveals that Husserl was deeply influenced by Buddhist thought

Intellectual history of Greece as an evolution from mythos to logos

Mueller, Hans-Friedrich. The Pagan World: Ancient Religions Before Christianity (Course Guide). 1st ed. The Great Courses: History - Civilization and Culture 2852. Chantilly, VA: The Teaching Company, 2020. https://www.amazon.com/Pagan-World-Ancient-Religions-Christianity/dp/B084YV1YYT/.<br /> @Mueller2020a

and the Streaming video version (Hoopla):<br /> Pagan World: Ancient Religions before Christianity. Streaming Video. The Great Courses. Chantilly, VA, 2020. https://www.hoopladigital.com/television/pagan-world-ancient-religions-before-christianity-hans-friedrich-mueller/14601704.<br /> @Mueller2020

Bad history can be paraded under the umbrella of propaganda, not to serve to tell the story of the past, but to tell a story about a coming future.

Muhanna, Elias. “A New History of Arabia, Written in Stone.” The New Yorker, May 23, 2018. https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/a-new-history-of-arabia-written-in-stone.

Safaitic is an example of the beginning of writing in Arabia at the rise of Islam and may have interesting things to reveal about orality on the border of literacy.

Compare this with ancient Welsh (and related Celtic languages and stone inscriptions) at about the same time period.

Werber Schneyder on Cabaret, art and history.

German-German history as reflected in political cabaret': ridiculed separately and laughed together. Cover poster: Klaus Staeck. The poster texts are accompanied by text panels. A version in Polish is available.

In 1983, at the dawn of the personal computer age, Apple Inc. in promotional film entitled "Lisa Soul Of A New Machine" touted their new computer, a 16-bit dual disk drive "personal office system", as something that would do away with "the cluttered desk, index cards, file folders, the in-out basket, [and] the calculator." (00:01)

Some of these things moved to the realm of the computer including the messy desk(top) now giving people two messy desks, a real one and a virtual one. The database-like structure of the card index also moved over, but the subjective index and its search power were substituted for a lower level concordance search.

30 years on, for most people, the value of the database idea behind the humble "index card" has long since disappeared and so it seems here as if it's "just" another piece of cluttery paper.

Appreciate the rosy framing of the juxtaposition of "past" and "future" jumping over the idea of the here and now which includes the thing they're selling, the Lisa computer. They're selling the idealized and unclear future even though it's really just today.

晚清全权大臣制度的前后变化。

晚清全权大臣制度形成的重要节点：咸丰帝从认识到全权大臣制度的必要性，再到主动提出授予官员全权大臣名号。

晚清全权大臣制度形成的重要节点：咸丰帝从认识到全权大臣制度的必要性，再到主动提出授予官员全权大臣名号。

A tour in the United States of America : containing an account of the present situation of that country ... by Stuart, John Ferdinand Smyth, 1745-1814

https://archive.org/details/tourinunitedstat00stua_0/page/n5/mode/2up

Child, Sir Josiah. A new discourse of trade, ... 1693, 1693. http://archive.org/details/bim_early-english-books-1641-1700_a-new-discourse-of-trade_child-sir-josiah_1693.

My early memory of Georgia history in 4th grade (1984) was that Georgia was founded "as a penal colony".

Broad ideas which are scaffolded in youth should be more closely examined as children grow and develop. Being left with only basic "myths" is a disservice not only to the students, but to the societies in which they live and the early education would be better left off if it isn't followed up on in stages at later times. Or if it's the case, then stronger versions of the basics should be included for better long term outcomes.

Looking for evidence (to come) of this statement

Did it help that America was broadly formed during the start of the Industrial Revolution and at a time in which social mobility was dramatically different than the period of history which proceeded it?

And how much of this difference is split with the idea of the rise of (toxic) capitalism and the switch to "keeping up with the Jonses" which also tends to drive class distinctions?

Isenberg, Nancy. White Trash: The 400-Year Untold History of Class in America. 1st ed. New York, New York: Viking, 2016.

annotation link: urn:x-pdf:417c67707ad8fbb5300140892c8666cc<br /> alternate annotation link: JH facet

for - kinship - history of human kinship - evolution - extended to nuclear family

paper details - title: Family Institution and Modernization: A Sociological Perspective - author: Ilori Oladapo Mayowa - date: 2019

summary - A paper that describes the evolution of human kinship from extended familly to nuclear family in modernity.

Dit doet me denken aan dat PKM kan functioneren als een persoonlijke geschiedenis van jezelf.

https://victorianweb.org/

Excellent command to search in git history of a specific file!

Seven is a sacred number but I do wonder why it is always seven? I also wonder why the young men had to pray to their medicine. I saw a source that seven represents the highest spiritual power and I wonder if that is true.

Why and how did Coyote die after having intercourse with the woman? I guess I'm confused on why it took so much out of him. Did anything happen to the woman after he died? I understand this is about reproduction but I wonder if he could have gone about it a different way.

These stories are about the Salinian and Cherokee tribes. They are stories about how human and animals were created. The Salinan story was written by John Alden Mason in 1912. The Cherokee story was written by W.Powell, Nineteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution in 1897-1898. Both are these stories were created in what is now California.

Gälûñ’lätï is defined as the sky world or realm.

The language of this suggests that the identity of the creator is unknown. It almost seems like this was supposed to remain a mystery to prevent people questioning the presence of the creator. This is significant because it will not disrupt the harmony created. It was expected to understand the activities of the creator. Without balance the creator and people would not be able to keep each other in check.

The four cords seem to represent a compass. This is significant because it shows Earth was created with stability and balance that should be maintained. Although no one remembers who did it, it can be indicated that God created it. This differentiates the Earth. The audience are the people who came to be after and were told this story of how life on Earth was created, even if there are questions with how it came to be. This also shows that Earth was created from the efforts of the water-beetle.

The Cherokee made this story to describe the beginning of life. This is important because it shows there is a genuine concern for Native's to be extinct. This shows significance in taking care of Earth because life is precious. This also shows how Earth came to be and how fast it can disappear. This is significant because harmony is important to live.

This almost indicates that the animals create the earth and determine how it is shaped. This seems to take place before humans were created. Before them, there was no Earth and the animals lived on a land in the sky. They would also need to make sure every animal could survive and thrive in the new room. The animals had to get Earth ready to prepare for human creation so they could live.

The Native Eagle Symbol is known as “The master of skies” and is believed to be the creature with the closest relationship with the creator.

Progress Trap - Ronald Wright - 2004 Massey Lecture Series - A Short History of Progress