Karim, S. S. A., & Karim, Q. A. (2021). Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant: A new chapter in the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02758-6

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection Survey, characteristics of people testing positive for COVID-19, UK - Office for National Statistics. (2021, November 3). Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection Survey, Characteristics of People Testing Positive for COVID-19, UK: 3 November 2021. https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/bulletins/coronaviruscovid19infectionsurveycharacteristicsofpeopletestingpositiveforcovid19uk/3november2021#glossary

Dr Nisreen Alwan 🌻. (2021, December 23). We’re in unchartered territory. Https://t.co/O1GGcXpMll [Tweet]. @Dr2NisreenAlwan. https://twitter.com/Dr2NisreenAlwan/status/1474051397570248716

Kai Kupferschmidt. (2021, December 10). “the severity profile of Omicron cases must be interpreted along with an understanding of its capacity to re-infect (and infect the vaccinated)“ This is what I have been trying to explain the last few days. As usual @nataliexdean does it better (and in color)! [Tweet]. @kakape. https://twitter.com/kakape/status/1469270407995867139

Prof. Christina Pagel. (2021, December 23). UKHSA surveillance report shows reinfections rising sharply as Omicron takes hold https://t.co/UGArY4sbOA [Tweet]. @chrischirp. https://twitter.com/chrischirp/status/1474041921249189896

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: “RT @chrischirp: As well as Tom’s new one (B.1.1.529), C.1.2 seems to be spreading in S Africa—C.1.2 was the one with lots of worrying mut…” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved December 23, 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1463597407082532864

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, December 17). RT @EricTopol: No evidence that Omicron is less severe, new @imperialcollege study reports https://ft.com/content/020534b3-5a54-4517-9fd1-167a5db50786 https://t.co/5YYzJ6tVtc [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1472156681098469380

Perspective | Even the best-case scenario with omicron will still be bad. (n.d.). Washington Post. Retrieved December 23, 2021, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2021/12/21/omicron-mild-cases-numbers/

Michael Armstrong [@ArmstrongGN]. (2021, September 29). NBA player says he doesn’t need vaccine… 40-thousand likes and 1.4 million views. Scientist/doctor corrects NBA player… 4-thousand likes. We’re so screwed… [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/ArmstrongGN/status/1443052037160251392

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: “RT @CaulfieldTim: Incredible how ‘natural immunity’ topic continually misrepresented by #antivaxx community. The usual suspects (e.g., th…” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved January 21, 2022, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1474060743217754115

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, February 18). RT @chrischirp: Speaking of which, latest COG UK data shows that BA.2 is dominant already in NI & likely dominant within Scotland & Eng wit… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1494711071839592450

Anthony J Leonardi, PhD, MS. (2022, January 23). Calling all GBD fans, your continued reinfection loyalty card. Nice one, @PeteUK7 https://t.co/AEMpdI5sr9 [Tweet]. @fitterhappierAJ. https://twitter.com/fitterhappierAJ/status/1485260239557509128

Alastair Grant. (2022, March 9). Based on the spike gene target data from TaqPath, BA.2 made up 82% of COVID cases in England on 6th March—It has now almost taken over We know that BA.2 has higher transmission than Omicron and there are a number of examples from Denmark of BA.2 reinfection shortly after BA.1 https://t.co/rEyud8osY1 [Tweet]. @AlastairGrant4. https://twitter.com/AlastairGrant4/status/1501606060033028099

Haseltine, W. A. (n.d.). Birth Of The Omicron Family: BA.1, BA.2, BA.3. Each As Different As Alpha Is From Delta. Forbes. Retrieved 30 March 2022, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/williamhaseltine/2022/01/26/birth-of-the-omicron-family-ba1-ba2-ba3-each-as-different-as-alpha-is-from-delta/

Marc Stegger. (2022, February 22). New preprint on #COVID19 is out: “Occurrence and significance of Omicron BA.1 infection followed by BA.2 reinfection”. Using the national surveillance system in Denmark, we show that reinfections with #SARSCoV2 VOC #Omicron BA.2 can occur after recent BA.1 infection #SSI_dk https://t.co/Cm0n8vga4P [Tweet]. @MarcStegger. https://twitter.com/MarcStegger/status/1496099303143653379

Stegger, M., Edslev, S. M., Sieber, R. N., Ingham, A. C., Ng, K. L., Tang, M.-H. E., Alexandersen, S., Fonager, J., Legarth, R., Utko, M., Wilkowski, B., Gunalan, V., Bennedbæk, M., Byberg-Grauholm, J., Møller, C. H., Christiansen, L. E., Svarrer, C. W., Ellegaard, K., Baig, S., … Rasmussen, M. (2022). Occurrence and significance of Omicron BA.1 infection followed by BA.2 reinfection (p. 2022.02.19.22271112). medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.02.19.22271112

Altarawneh, H. N., Chemaitelly, H., Hasan, M. R., Ayoub, H. H., Qassim, S., AlMukdad, S., Coyle, P., Yassine, H. M., Al-Khatib, H. A., Benslimane, F. M., Al-Kanaani, Z., Al-Kuwari, E., Jeremijenko, A., Kaleeckal, A. H., Latif, A. N., Shaik, R. M., Abdul-Rahim, H. F., Nasrallah, G. K., Al-Kuwari, M. G., … Abu-Raddad, L. J. (2022). Protection against the Omicron Variant from Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection. New England Journal of Medicine, 0(0), null. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2200133

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘surprising how the logic of argument around C19 has not updated to the fact that reinfection is a big thing, as are new variants. Delay = a round of infection you never got...’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 13 February 2022, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1483716840316706824

Mahase, E. (2022). Covid-19: What do we know about omicron sublineages? BMJ, 376, o358. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.o358

Krutika Kuppalli, MD FIDSA. (2022, January 14). If you had #COVID19 once you can get it again (and again). Risk of reinfection in England with #Omicron was ~5.4 fold higher compared to #Delta The relative risk were 6.36 & 5.02 for unvaxxd & vaxxd cases—Implies protection against reinfection by Omicron may be as low as 19% [Tweet]. @KrutikaKuppalli. https://twitter.com/KrutikaKuppalli/status/1482074117742288898

Carl T. Bergstrom. (2022, January 8). 1. A thread on the CDC’s recommendation to de-isolate five days after the onset of symptoms or positive test. First, a disclosure: I was paid as a consultant for this work, done in collaboration with @Color Health, which provides COVID testing services and vaccination logistics. [Tweet]. @CT_Bergstrom. https://twitter.com/CT_Bergstrom/status/1479938654579544065

Yaneer Bar-Yam on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved February 7, 2022, from https://twitter.com/yaneerbaryam/status/1474091037861761026

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 20). @timcolbourn @OmicronData 2/n are these fair: - Getting Covid is not intrinsically sufficiently aversive that we would want to avoid catching it—Getting Covid does not give rise to additive damage to health each time—The risks associated with catching covid are constant or diminishing on reinfection [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1484076028855296008

Omicron’s sister variant spreads faster. So why did the one we call Omicron hit first? (2022, February 2). STAT. https://www.statnews.com/2022/02/02/omicron-sister-variant-ba2-spreads-faster/

COVID: Reinfection risk from Omicron 16 times higher than Delta, ONS data indicates. (n.d.). Sky News. Retrieved February 4, 2022, from https://news.sky.com/story/reinfection-risk-from-omicron-16-times-higher-than-delta-ons-data-indicates-12519881

Ashish K. Jha, MD, MPH on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved February 2, 2022, from https://twitter.com/ashishkjha/status/1487868684412628996

Henry, J., & Tapper, J. (2022, January 29). Schools in England reinstate mask wearing rules as Covid cases soar. The Observer. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jan/29/schools-in-england-reinstate-mask-wearing-rules-as-covid-and-absenteeism-soar

Dr Duncan Robertson. (2022, January 31). Cases will increase today. The way that cases are counted is changing. A short thread. 🧵 https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/whats-new/record/af008739-ffa3-47b8-8efc-ef109f2cfbdd https://t.co/WY655My1RV [Tweet]. @Dr_D_Robertson. https://twitter.com/Dr_D_Robertson/status/1488115542263271427

Gabriel Hébert-Mild™ ⓥ. (2022, February 1). UK Deaths following a reinfection! Tell me what you see here 👀 https://t.co/TbVAksnvrW [Tweet]. @Gab_H_R. https://twitter.com/Gab_H_R/status/1488623303463952387

ScienceUpFirst, LaScienced’Abord. (2022, February 1). Got Omicron? You are not alone! See our thread on what we know so far 👇 🧵 [1/11] #ScienceUpFirst https://t.co/7Hi3lHo5LS [Tweet]. @ScienceUpFirst. https://twitter.com/ScienceUpFirst/status/1488601396421316613

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 28). RT @Unusual_Times: Worth mentioning IF BA.2 takes off in the UK & causes mass reinfections we won’t see it in case no’s because to count as… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1487123742128066566

Kozlov, M. (2022). How does Omicron spread so fast? A high viral load isn’t the answer. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-022-00129-z

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Health Nerd. (2022, January 15). It was always likely that immunity to COVID-19 would wane, and we now know the median time to waning is around 1.5-2 years post infection for most people, sometimes less 😕 [Tweet]. @GidMK. https://twitter.com/GidMK/status/1482188340091060229

Davis, N., & correspondent, N. D. S. (2022, January 21). Covid reinfection: How likely are you to catch virus multiple times? The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jan/21/covid-reinfection-how-likely-are-you-to-catch-virus-multiple-times

Slezak, J., Bruxvoort, K., Fischer, H., Broder, B., Ackerson, B., & Tartof, S. (2021). Rate and severity of suspected SARS-Cov-2 reinfection in a cohort of PCR-positive COVID-19 patients. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 27(12), 1860.e7-1860.e10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2021.07.030

Omicron largely evades immunity from past infection or two vaccine doses | Imperial News | Imperial College London. (n.d.). Imperial News. Retrieved January 12, 2022, from https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/232698/omicron-largely-evades-immunity-from-past/

Crist, C. (n.d.). First Omicron Death in U.S. Was Reinfection. WebMD. Retrieved January 4, 2022, from https://www.webmd.com/lung/news/20211224/first-omicron-death-in-u-s-was-reinfection

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: “but it is not vaccinated people that are disproportionately filling up ICUs. For any government whose policy is guided by ICU capacity, limiting the transmission possibilities for the unvaccinated is now the point. It is frustrating to see someone continue to ignore this” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved December 23, 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1471088416246878211

Omicron largely evades immunity from past infection or two vaccine doses | Imperial News | Imperial College London. (n.d.). Imperial News. Retrieved December 21, 2021, from https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/232698/modelling-suggests-rapid-spread-omicron-england/

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Altmann, D. M., & Boyton, R. J. (2021). SARS-Cov-2 immune waning and reinfection in care-home settings. The Lancet. Healthy Longevity, 2(12), e776–e777. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-7568(21)00276-2

Dr Duncan Robertson. (2021, December 15). Cases on the dashboard exclude reinfections.And there are a lot of reinfections as far as Omicron is concerned h/t @AlistairHaimes and @Peston And this is only cases reported today—Not from infections today With a 2-day doubling time for Omicron, this isn’t great https://t.co/fU2RLhshtn [Tweet]. @Dr_D_Robertson. https://twitter.com/Dr_D_Robertson/status/1471156538681315336

Mahase, E. (2021). Covid-19: Do vaccines work against omicron—and other questions answered. BMJ, 375, n3062. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n3062

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Desforges, M., Gurdasani, D., Hamdy, A., & Leonardi, A. J. (2021). Uncertainty around the Long-Term Implications of COVID-19. Pathogens, 10(10), 1267. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10101267

Peeples, L. (2021). COVID reinfections likely within one or two years, models propose. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02825-8

Dupuy, B. (2021, August 6). COVID-19 vaccines offer benefits even to those previously infected. AP NEWS. https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-130053228518

Hannah Davis 🌈 on Twitter: “New CDC study finds that 36% of COVID patients never seroconvert, meaning they NEVER make antibodies! #LongCovid This is a huge finding which we need to amplify broadly! Please retweet & send to providers, patients, support groups, #MedTwitter, etc. Https://t.co/gEne4dE0TQ 1/” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved September 1, 2021, from https://twitter.com/ahandvanish/status/1432411002688184320?s=20

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COVID-19 reinfection rate less than 1 percent for those with severe illness, study finds: Two deaths were associated with reinfection, but most cases were mild—ScienceDaily. (n.d.). Retrieved June 24, 2021, from https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/06/210615132103.htm

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News, J. A., Kaiser Health. (n.d.). Why the U.S. Is Underestimating COVID Reinfection. Scientific American. Retrieved 10 February 2021, from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-the-u-s-is-underestimating-covid-reinfection/

Eric Topol on Twitter: “The variants of concern/interest fall into a spectrum of immune evasiveness, w/ B.1.351 being most; B.1.1.7, B.1.429 least. This property pertains to potential for reinfection & some reduction in vaccine efficacy My prelim estimates based on publications/preprints, subject to Δ https://t.co/fQZwBCUEGS” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved April 28, 2021, from https://twitter.com/EricTopol/status/1380203664317456385

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ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘RT @AdamJKucharski: Summary of NERVTAG view on new SARS-CoV-2 variant, from 18 Dec (full document here: Https://t.co/yll9beVI9A) https://t.…’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 2 March 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1341034652082036739

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Devi Sridar {@devisridhar} (2020) Wouldn't usually share such a big news item without verifying carefully. But @KarenGrepin is a close colleague & top Prof in Hong Kong, and extremely reliable in her tweets. Twitter. Retrieved from: https://twitter.com/devisridhar/status/1297851056555261953

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Rodda, L. B., Netland, J., Shehata, L., Pruner, K. B., Morawski, P. M., Thouvenel, C., Takehara, K. K., Eggenberger, J., Hemann, E. A., Waterman, H. R., Fahning, M. L., Chen, Y., Rathe, J., Stokes, C., Wrenn, S., Fiala, B., Carter, L. P., Hamerman, J. A., King, N. P., … Pepper, M. (2020). Functional SARS-CoV-2-specific immune memory persists after mild COVID-19. MedRxiv, 2020.08.11.20171843. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.11.20171843

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Edridge, A. W., Kaczorowska, J. M., Hoste, A. C., Bakker, M., Klein, M., Jebbink, M. F., Matser, A., Kinsella, C., Rueda, P., Prins, M., Sastre, P., Deijs, M., & Hoek, L. van der. (2020). Coronavirus protective immunity is short-lasting. MedRxiv, 2020.05.11.20086439. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.11.20086439