The extra tokens bought something measurable. +5pp on strict instruction-following. Small. Real. So: is that worth 1.3–1.45x more tokens per prompt?
这是一个令人惊讶的价值权衡案例。Anthropic用高达45%的token成本增加，只换来了5个百分点的指令遵循提升。这种不成比例的交换表明，在AI模型优化中，'微小但真实'的改进可能需要付出巨大成本，这挑战了人们对技术改进应该'物有所值'的普遍假设。
Because Deep Extract is doing more work, it takes longer than a standard extraction call. That said, measured against the real alternative of someone manually reviewing a 500-page fund statement field by field, it's faster, cheaper, and consistent at scale.
大多数人认为更复杂的处理流程必然意味着更高的成本和更慢的速度。但作者提出Deep Extract虽然执行更多工作且比标准提取调用更耗时，但在大规模应用中仍然比人工审查更快、更便宜、更一致，这一观点挑战了人们对于复杂性与效率之间关系的传统理解。
Treatment of superficial vein reflux (see Varicose Veins, above) has been shown to decrease the recurrence rate of venous ulcers. Where there is substantial obstruction of the femoral or popliteal deep venous system, superficial varicosities supply the venous return and should not be removed.
Failure of venous insufficiency ulcerations to heal is most often due to inconsistent use of first-line treatment methods. Ongoing control of edema is essential to prevent recurrent ulceration; the use of compression stockings following ulcer healing is critical, with recurrence rates 2–20 times higher if compression stockings are not used
Venoactive drugs (diosmin, hesperidin, horse chestnut seed extract) may be considered as adjuncts to compression for symptomatic relief in countries where available
'This is for the other people': Dawes hosts Eaton fire benefit with star lineup<br /> by [[Mikael Wood]] in Los Angeles Times<br /> accessed on 2026-01-09T10:18:16
E-books are expensive for libraries. Some states are trying to change that<br /> by [[Clare McGrane]] for NPR<br /> accessed on 2026-01-03T19:44:28
their multilingual texts and diverse perspectives were viewed as meaningful contributions to the "fanon" or collective body of fan knowledge (Black, 2005). As ELLs, this acceptance was important to focal participants' literacy and language socialization for several reasons
As a form, fanfictions make intertextuality visible because they rely on readers' ability to see relationships between the fan-writer's stories and the original media sources.
What many people who brush fan fiction off as irrelevant tend to ignore is the vast understanding of a pre-existing setting needed to contextualize the writings made, as well as the effort and organization required to properly build off of such settings.
What they were less likely to say explicitly, but what seemed clear to us, was that fanfiction writing also helped to develop and solidify relationships with various friends, online or otherwise.
Writing, for many, tends to be most rewarding when you can share it with someone. To show others your ability to express thoughts, emotions, and ideas through your use of language is helpful in gaining confidence and experience, and this is even more true when you receive direct criticism as well.
Writing was seen as a way to have fun, exercise one's imagination, and avoid boredom.
English-language learners (ELLs) who affiliated around a common interest in fanfiction--a term for stories that fans of an original work (e.g., Harry Potter) write by using the settings, characters, and plot from the original to imagine and create different situations that sometimes include curious mixes across genres and media.
This paper’s authors argue that using GWP to assess the relative planetary warming caused by various different sectors is therefore a deeply flawed metric. They propose that a better measure for policymakers to adopt would be something called Effective Radiative Forcing, or ERF.
for - youtube - Just have a think - new paper - new metric for measuring emissions - ERF - to - paper - Increased transparency in accounting conventions could benefit climate policy - https://hyp.is/CUcbhF2TEfCn1ieAeq73JA/iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/adb7f2 - climate crisis - carbon emissions - agriculture has the highest of all - AgroSphere Technologies - cite this paper
for - climate crisis - impact of Trump tariff strategy - increasing economic and carbon inequality and precarity for the masses - from - Youtube - Trump wants to crash to benefit the ultra wealthy - Trump's planning to crash the global economy - Richard J Murphy - 2024, Dec
// - SUMMARY - Richard J Murphy provides us with a big picture of Trump's objective in his calculated Tariff strategy - It's not that it makes no sense and is a strategy of a madman - On the contrary, he has a very calculated and maniacal strategy that will result in significantly increasing the wealth of the elites - By creating high tariffs, he will bring about a global economic crash - Like the 2008 and 2020 crash, central banks will print trillions of dollars of money and handout bailouts - It is the elites who will receive these bailouts and inflate the value of their assets - This will - substantially increase the wealth of the rich - substantially increase the precarity of the vast majority of people - increase global inequality - financial inequality and - carbon inequality - This increased precarity is bad news for the climate crisis as a precarious population have less flexibility in reducing their carbon footprint and are more dependent than ever on whatever remain job and resources they still have - Given we have this knowledge of the elite's hidden strategy, can we the people intervene in any way? - We need to have an understanding of how elites see the world - The entire worldview of externalizing investment as a game of accumulation must be understood deeply - in order to find leverage points for rapid system change
//
Trump expect if he creates another world financial crisis he believes there will be a bailout and he believes that he and his cohort the world's wealthy will benefit from there being vastly more money in circulation with very little to use it on except the inflation in the value of the assets that they own that is what he's banking on this is literally I think his Economic Policy
for - quote - economic crashes are profitable for the elites - Trump plans to crash the global economy so that subsequent Quantitative Easing bailouts will inflate value of assets of the rich - from - Youtube - Trump wants to crash to benefit the ultra wealthy - Trump's planning to crash the global economy - Richard J Murphy - 2024, Dec
quote - economic crashes are good for the elites - Trump plans to crash the global economy so that subsequent Quantitative Easing bailouts will inflate value of assets of the rich - Trump expect if he creates another world financial crisis - he believes there will be a bailout and - he believes that he and his cohort the world's wealthy will benefit from there being vastly more money in circulation with very little to use it on except the inflation in the value of the assets that they own - That is what he's banking on - This is literally I think his Economic Policy - This is what he expects as a consequence of his trade Wars - He doesn't care that we suffer - He won't care about the countries in the developing world - the vast majority of countries in the world in fact who have their debts denominated in dollars who will suffer enormously as a result of their struggle to find the means to repay those debts - As for the time being, the dollar is inflated in value and interest rates are too high he won't care that people are thrown out of work - All he cares about is the inflation in asset values and that is what the whole of the world economy is now geared to create - for the benefit of a few - at cost to the vast majority - Trump's Economic Policy makes sense if you see it in this way - He runs a bailout economic strategy that is going to work for him and his friends because - it will result when the world economy crashes and yet more money being made available through the central banking system to inflate the value of the assets that they own - And they'll say thank you very much we did very nicely out of that when can we have another crash?
TRSP Desirable Characteristics Ethical data are data that do not stigmatise or portray Indigenous Peoples, cultures, or knowledges in terms of deficit. Ethical data are collected and used in ways that align with Indigenous ethical frameworks and with rights affirmed in UNDRIP. Assessing ethical benefits and harms should be done from the perspective of the Indigenous Peoples, nations, or communities to whom the data relate
TRSP Desirable Characteristics Indigenous data are grounded in community values, which extend to society at large. Any value created from Indigenous data should benefit Indigenous communities in an equitable manner and contribute to Indigenous aspirations for wellbeing.
TRSP Desirable Characteristics Data enrich the planning, implementation, and evaluation processes that support the service and policy needs of Indigenous communities. Data also enable better engagement between citizens, institutions, and governments to improve decision-making. Ethical use of open data has the capacity to improve transparency and decision-making by providing Indigenous nations and communities with a better understanding of their peoples, territories, and resources. It similarly can provide greater insight into third-party policies and programs affecting Indigenous Peoples.
TRSP Desirable Characteristics Governments and institutions must actively support the use and reuse of data by Indigenous nations and communities by facilitating the establishment of the foundations for Indigenous innovation, value generation, and the promotion of local self-determined development processes
TRSP Desirable Characteristics Data ecosystems shall be designed and function in ways that enable Indigenous Peoples to derive benefit from the data.
Furthermore, our research demonstrates that the acceptance rate rises over time and is particularly high among less experienced developers, providing them with substantial benefits.
less experienced developers accept more suggeted code (copilot) and benefit relatively versus more experienced developers. Suggesting that the set ways of experienced developers work against fully exploting code generation by genAI.
(OP means Original Poster)
n the end, this site is about helping community. All the associated answers and comments are available for a visitor to peruse and consider. It is decidedly less valuable to the community when all answers are identical.
The title of the question is what triggered the process of finding this Q/A for material that aided development of the above to solve a real life problem described by the title. The OP declared that base64 decode was not the "real" problem; pedantic constraint of answers to a particular "example" seems less helpful. When this question and its answers were key to helping solve real problems, alternate answers can be gifts to the community in recognition of the fact that many more people will use this Q/A to solve problems. Since the answer is on-topic per the title, I feel it is "game on".
each individual has a certain measure of control in how his/her self is presented to the rest of the group.
a potential benefit of online communication
we've become a province in which the the doctrine has become look out for yourself look out for your family and um and if you can 00:21:44 socialize costs and privatize benefits and of course that's what the oil industry is doing it's what the it's what every industry has learned to do
for: meme - business - socialize costs / privatize benefits
meme: business and industry
When a developer chooses to extend a class and override a method, they are consciously saying "I know what I'm doing." and for the sake of productivity that should be enough. period.
The problems that we solved are applicable to a lot of people. Most people are not even aware of these problems, so things can break in unexpected ways (Murphy's law). It's inefficient if everybody has to solve these problems over and over.
In the interest of reducing warranty claims (which are much more expensive than that incremental manufacturing cost) carmakers are sizing the whole unit to reliably accommodate the worst case draw (driver turns everything on at the same time, at idle).
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If the code review process is not planned right, it could have more cost than value.
that would only be a side effect of its main purpose
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Michael Bang Petersen. (2021, March 17). This is worsened as costs of #covid19 are not mentally similar to costs of side effects, even if the latter are less risky. People prefer controllable risks to uncontrollabe risks, even if less lethal (https://t.co/kSIcObWYmT). That is why you fear flying but not driving. [2/2] [Tweet]. @M_B_Petersen. https://twitter.com/M_B_Petersen/status/1372103708218159109
The core benefit of Marginalia is being able to decorate SQL queries with details of the context of the source of the query.
ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 20). @OmicronData @timcolbourn I think there might be a difference here between what you are putting forward and what @timcolbourn is arguing any rational individual should be for analysing the expected costs and benefits of a course of action, and I assume we all agree on that. 1/2 [Tweet]. @i. https://twitter.com/i/web/status/1484080972459134976
because increasingly search and credibility skills or social skills to help their friends build personal trust networks to determine good information scientific information scholarly 00:09:36 information health related information information related to your social needs like where am I going to go on vacation where am I going to go on Friday night but I think that we're going to be able to improve the internet experience for 00:09:49 everybody and the capital investment and teaching people searching credibility skills crap detection skills is miniscule compared to the cost of building servers and and and creating 00:10:03 all of the physical infrastructure that the Internet requires
personal trust networks - a part of personal learning networks? the internal and the external benefit are no longer seperatable - one always comes together with the other
F. Perry Wilson, MD MSCE. (2022, February 4). If you, like me, are “skipping ahead” during the ACIP meeting re: Moderna vaccine—This slide really drives home the benefit / risk paradigm among the group at highest risk of myocarditis (men 18-35). 2 million shots = 1903 avoided hospitalizations, and 68 myocarditis cases. Https://t.co/3nzWXGXyD1 [Tweet]. @fperrywilson. https://twitter.com/fperrywilson/status/1489649379979972609
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Prof Kamlesh Khunti. (2021, November 26). If you have any doubts about the benefits of #COVIDVaccination, than please look at the graph below on patients admitted to intensive care unit with #COVID19 #VaccinesSaveLives https://icnarc.org/our-audit/audits/cmp/reports @fascinatorfun https://t.co/dorA9tpJym [Tweet]. @kamleshkhunti. https://twitter.com/kamleshkhunti/status/1464280069707374595
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Prof. Gavin Yamey MD MPH. (2021, October 30). “Circulation of COVID-19 in childhood could therefore periodically boost immunity in adults through exposure” When I say childhood vax ALSO benefits adults, folx say “you can’t use benefits to adults in your argument!” JCVI uses benefits to adults of letting kids get infected 👀 [Tweet]. @GYamey. https://twitter.com/GYamey/status/1454433823085715461
ReconfigBehSci. (2021, October 31). isn’t that part of the concern? Listing as potential negatives against vaccination population level benefits such as ‘boosting’ adults is not that, right? [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1454845994089201669
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(((Howard Forman))). (2021, April 23). Very useful slide from #JohnsonandJohnson/Jansen today at ACIP placing TTS/CVST as an adverse event with COVID vaccine against other common vaccines and their serious adverse events. Cc: @NateSilver538 https://t.co/BQsIf7Vp8m [Tweet]. @thehowie. https://twitter.com/thehowie/status/1385656051068964864
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ReconfigBehSci. (2021, April 13). RT @GhinwaHayek: Are you still hesitant about AstraZeneca vaccine? Check the below video! #publichealth #vaccine #sciencework https://t.co/… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1381980953074094089
Taquet, M. (2021, April 15). COVID-19 and cerebral venous thrombosis: a retrospective cohort study of 513,284 confirmed COVID-19 cases. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/H2MT7
Betsch, C., Böhm, R., & Korn, L. (2013). Inviting free-riders or appealing to prosocial behavior? Game-theoretical reflections on communicating herd immunity in vaccine advocacy. Health Psychology: Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association, 32(9), 978–985. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031590
ReconfigBehSci on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved 3 March 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1351453660396605440
Graham, B. S. (2020). Rapid COVID-19 vaccine development. Science, 368(6494), 945–946. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb8923
Gupta, Prateek, Tegan Maharaj, Martin Weiss, Nasim Rahaman, Hannah Alsdurf, Abhinav Sharma, Nanor Minoyan, et al. ‘COVI-AgentSim: An Agent-Based Model for Evaluating Methods of Digital Contact Tracing’. ArXiv:2010.16004 [Cs], 29 October 2020. http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.16004.
Write modules for publication, even if you only use them privately. You will appreciate documentation in the future.
COVID-19 Vaccines: Combating Misinformation. (n.d.). Pulitzer Center. Retrieved 25 February 2021, from https://pulitzercenter.org/event/covid-19-vaccines-combating-misinformation
You still need to have a solid experience to spot these potential problems in a perfectly readable and typed code.
I do think it's a common pattern that should be solved, and I am probably going to try and solve it as a Gem as opposed to simply writing code that we use in our code base
Jeffay, N. (n.d.). Israel sees 60% drop in hospitalizations for age 60-plus 3 weeks after 1st shot. Retrieved 16 February 2021, from https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-sees-60-drop-in-hospitalizations-for-over-60s-in-weeks-after-vaccination/
Researchers propose that humidity from masks may lessen severity of COVID-19. (2021, February 12). National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/researchers-propose-humidity-masks-may-lessen-severity-covid-19
934601
While the very same software might be in a PPA and a snap, the fact that the snap is shown in Ubuntu Software is the point I’m making. Many people use that to install software. So making software appear there is beneficial for developers - their software is found, and beneficial for users - they discover new software.
The benefits for developers do reflect on benefits for users, with more software delivered faster and more securely.
In addition to being an unambiguous semantic marker in the HTML, the download attribute can serve as a simple and elegant styling hook. CSS attribute selectors—code that lets us create styling based on the qualities that help describe HTML elements—allow us to target any link that is a download and style it without having to attach a special class:
Grover, N. (2020, December 7). WHO looks at giving Covid-19 to healthy people to speed up vaccine trials. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/07/who-looks-at-giving-covid-to-healthy-people-to-speed-up-vaccine-trials
Hu, C., Zhu, K., Huang, K., Yu, B., Jiang, W., Peng, K., & Wang, F. (2020, November 30). Using Natural Intervention to Promote Subjective Well-being of COVID-19 Essential Workers. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/mc57s
This is not an MDC Web component. It is an addition that SMUI provides.
My question to you is, what is the benefit of your definition of dirty? What superior UX does it allow you to implement?
Smith, A. M., Willroth, E. C., Gatchpazian, A., shallcross, amanda, Feinberg, M., & Ford, B. Q. (2020). Coping with Health Threats: The costs and benefits of managing emotions. [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/dn957
It was only pragmatic to use a tool that basically gives you that all for free.
I started Solid years ago before I thought anyone would be interested in using it. I only started promoting it because it had already achieved the goals I had set out for it.
IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. ‘COVID-19 and the Labor Market’. Accessed 6 October 2020. https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13644/.
Garrett, P. M., White, J. P., Lewandowsky, S., Kashima, Y., Perfors, A., Little, D. R., Geard, N., Mitchell, L., Tomko, M., & Dennis, S. (2020). The acceptability and uptake of smartphone tracking for COVID-19 in Australia [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/7tme6
Berman, J. Z., & Kupor, D. (2020). Moral Choice When Harming Is Unavoidable: Psychological Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620948821
Mercier, M., Vinchon, F., Pichot, N., Bonetto, E., Bonnardel, N., Girandola, F., & Lubart, T. (2020). COVID-19: A Boon or a Bane for Creativity? [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/c3vsr
Enriquez, D., & Goldstein, A. (2020). Covid-19’s Socio-Economic Impact on Low-Income Benefit Recipients: Early Evidence from Tracking Surveys [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/hpqd5
Schalkwyk, M. C. I. van, Hird, T. R., Maani, N., Petticrew, M., & Gilmore, A. B. (2020). The perils of preprints. BMJ, 370. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3111. https://t.co/qNPLYCeT99?amp=1
Ganong, P., Noel, P. J., & Vavra, J. S. (2020). US Unemployment Insurance Replacement Rates During the Pandemic (Working Paper No. 27216; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27216
McLaughlin, Patrick A, and Casey B Mulligan. ‘Three Myths about Federal Regulation’. Working Paper. Working Paper Series. National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2020. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27233.
When to Release the Lockdown? A Wellbeing Framework for Analysing Costs and Benefits. COVID-19 and the Labor Market. (n.d.). IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. Retrieved August 7, 2020, from https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13186/
Hassan, T. A., Hollander, S., van Lent, L., & Tahoun, A. (2020). Firm-level Exposure to Epidemic Diseases: Covid-19, SARS, and H1N1 (Working Paper No. 26971; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w26971
Integrating Social Insurance and Social Assistance Programs for the Future World of Labor. COVID-19 and the Labor Market. (n.d.). IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. Retrieved August 5, 2020, from https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13258/
If Sick-Leave Becomes More Costly, Will I Go Back to Work? Could It Be Too Soon?
If Sick-Leave Becomes More Costly, Will I Go Back to Work? Could It Be Too Soon?. COVID-19 and the Labor Market. (n.d.). IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. Retrieved August 4, 2020, from https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13379/
Optimal Unemployment Benefits in the Pandemic. COVID-19 and the Labor Market. (n.d.). IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. Retrieved August 1, 2020, from https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13389/
Kaptchuk, G., Goldstein, D. G., Hargittai, E., Hofman, J., & Redmiles, E. M. (2020). How good is good enough for COVID19 apps? The influence of benefits, accuracy, and privacy on willingness to adopt. ArXiv:2005.04343 [Cs]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2005.04343
Briscese, G., Lacetera, N., Macis, M., & Tonin, M. (2020). Compliance with COVID-19 Social-Distancing Measures in Italy: The Role of Expectations and Duration (Working Paper No. 26916; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w26916
Xie, W., Campbell, S., & Zhang, W. (2020, May 5). Working Memory Capacity Predicts Individual Differences in Social Distancing Compliance during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the U.S. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/3j69f
Morgan, L., Protopopova, A., Birkler, R. I. D., Itin-Shwartz, B., Sutton, G. A., gamliel, alexandra, Yakobson, B., & Raz, T. (2020). Human-dog relationships during COVID-19 pandemic; booming dog adoption during social isolation [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/s9k4y
Is Remote Work Here To Stay? (n.d.). NPR.Org. Retrieved July 4, 2020, from https://www.npr.org/sections/money/2020/06/30/882834590/is-remote-work-here-to-stay
Prefactoring is the application of experience to the creation of new software systems. Its relationship to its namesake refactoring is that lessons learned from refactoring are part of that experience.
Quintana, D. S., & Heathers, J. (2020). How podcasts can benefit science [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ry5x9
Pandey, E. (2020, May 19). Companies weigh the potential of permanent work-from-home. Axios. Retrieved June 3, 2020, from https://www.axios.com/work-from-home-permanant-coronavirus-6680b1a5-6daa-40e5-a39f-665e8e73b477.html
users will not want to see data mining expanding across their WhatsApp metadata. But if that’s the price to maintain encryption, one can assume it will be a relatively easy sell for most users.
Dougherty, C. (2020, May 31). Tenants Largely Stay Current on Rent, for Now. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/31/business/economy/coronavirus-rent-landlords-tenants.html
Mancini, A. D. (2020, May 28). Heterogeneous Mental Health Consequences of COVID-19: Costs and Benefits. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000894
Mehrotra, S., Rahimian, H., Barah, M., Luo, F., & Schantz, K. (2020 May 02). A model of supply-chain decisions for resource sharing with an application to ventilator allocation to combat COVID-19. Naval Research Logistics (NRL). https://doi.org/10.1002/nav.21905
Google encouraging site admins to put reCaptcha all over their sites, and then sharing the resulting risk scores with those admins is great for security, Perona thinks, because he says it “gives site owners more control and visibility over what’s going on” with potential scammer and bot attacks, and the system will give admins more accurate scores than if reCaptcha is only using data from a single webpage to analyze user behavior. But there’s the trade-off. “It makes sense and makes it more user-friendly, but it also gives Google more data,”
For instance, Google’s reCaptcha cookie follows the same logic of the Facebook “like” button when it’s embedded in other websites—it gives that site some social media functionality, but it also lets Facebook know that you’re there.
Zoder-Martell, K., Markelz, A., Floress, M. T., Skriba, H. A., & Sayyah, L. E. N. (2020, May 6). Technology to Facilitate Telehealth in Applied Behavior Analysis. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/nz5s7
Fradera, A. New study fails to find any psychological benefits of volunteering, but that doesn’t mean you should stop. (2017, March 14). Research Digest. https://digest.bps.org.uk/2017/03/14/new-study-fails-to-find-any-psychological-benefits-of-volunteering-but-that-doesnt-mean-you-should-stop/
Watzek, J., & Brosnan, S. (2020, April 30). Capuchin and rhesus monkeys show sunk cost effects in a psychomotor task. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/qtgru
Hadavand, A., Hamermesh, D.S., & Wilson, W.W. (2020). Is scholarly refereeing productive (at the margin)? The National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w26614
Hamilton, J. L., Nesi, J., & Choukas-Bradley, S. (2020, April 29). Teens and social media during the COVID-19 pandemic: Staying socially connected while physically distant. Retrieved from psyarxiv.com/5stx4
Verbruggen, R. (2020 March 24). Another COVID Cost-Benefit Analysis. National Review. https://www.nationalreview.com/corner/another-covid-cost-benefit-analysis/
Breckon, J. (2020 April 16). Seven welcome Covid-19 trends. Researchprofessionalnews.com. https://www.researchprofessionalnews.com/rr-news-uk-views-of-the-uk-2020-4-seven-welcome-covid-19-trends/
Janiaud, P., Axfors, C., Saccilotto, R., & Hemkens, L. (2020). COVID-evidence: A living database of trials on interventions for COVID-19. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/GEHFX
Thunstrom, L., Newbold, S., Finnoff, D., Ashworth, M., & Shogren, J. F. (2020). The Benefits and Costs of Using Social Distancing to Flatten the Curve for COVID-19 (SSRN Scholarly Paper ID 3561934). Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3561934
“Even if experts are saying it’s really not going to make a difference, a little [part of] people’s brains is thinking, well, it’s not going to hurt. Maybe it’ll cut my risk just a little bit, so it’s worth it to wear a mask,” she says.
Earlier this year it began asking Europeans for consent to processing their selfies for facial recognition purposes — a highly controversial technology that regulatory intervention in the region had previously blocked. Yet now, as a consequence of Facebook’s confidence in crafting manipulative consent flows, it’s essentially figured out a way to circumvent EU citizens’ fundamental rights — by socially engineering Europeans to override their own best interests.
The deceitful obfuscation of commercial intention certainly runs all the way through the data brokering and ad tech industries that sit behind much of the ‘free’ consumer Internet. Here consumers have plainly been kept in the dark so they cannot see and object to how their personal information is being handed around, sliced and diced, and used to try to manipulate them.
design choices are being selected to be intentionally deceptive. To nudge the user to give up more than they realize. Or to agree to things they probably wouldn’t if they genuinely understood the decisions they were being pushed to make.
For mainly two reasons: I pay for things that bring value to my life, and when something's "free", you're usually really just giving away your privacy without being aware.
Google Recaptcha and personal dataBut we all know: there’s no such thing as a free lunch right? So what is the price we pay for this great feature? Right: it’s personal data.
a world in which contracts are embedded in digital code and stored in transparent, shared databases, where they are protected from deletion, tampering, and revision. In this world every agreement, every process, every task, and every payment would have a digital record and signature that could be identified, validated, stored, and shared.
The potential benefits of blockchain
Estimated economic benefit of data linkage
the potential value from linking Census data to administrative data sets is only beginning to be realised and holds immense potential.(In other work for the Population Health Research Network, Lateral Economics concluded that data linkage generated over $16 for every dollar invested).
Economic benefit of the Census.
Our estimates suggest the benefits of running the Census easily outweigh its costs in the order of$6 of economic value for each $1 it costs. On this reckoning, the cost of the Census would have to rise to six times its current cost –to around $3 billion every five years –before it startedto become cost ineffective
A GAAR reassessment upheld, primarily on the basis that the Tax Court judge was correct to look at one of the steps in the series of transactions on an objective basis and ask if the permissible objective of creditor protection could have been achieved without it, without which it was open to him to find that its primary purpose was to achieve the tax benefit.
It seems to me that in considering the purpose of a subset of the entire series of transactions, Justice Paris had in mind the correct test. As this Court said in MacKay v. Canada, 2008 FCA 105 (CanLII) at paragraph 25: The existence of a bona fide non-tax purpose for a series of transactions does not exclude the possibility that the primary purpose of one or more transactions within the series is to obtain a tax benefit.
Existence of a bona fide non-tax purpose for a series of transactions does not exclude possibility that the primary purpose of one of the transactions in the series is to obtain a tax benefit.
first target the patients at highest risk of relapse;
Clinical trials will most certainly first include those patients with the highest risk of relapse. However, long term, everything will depend on the risk/ benefit trade off: if an effective, simple, well-tolerated and cost-effective treatment was available (let's imagine a single short low-dose PD1 for any early Melanoma patient) that prevented progression for most patients would be very different from a highly toxic, expensive treatment that doesn't work for everyone (think Ipi 10mg/kg adjuvant)- so everything is in the trade-off
to report findings openly and accurately, this includes in particular (where feasible and appropriate) to report findings back to the participants and communities who have engaged in the work, in a form and in language that is useful and accessible for the participants and partners involved;
this seems to be the minimum - how can you take this further? What about community benefit agreements?
Its results endure longer too
Bob gained 20 pounds of new muscle, with no increase in body fat!
By dramatic, I mean bodybuilders will double their rate of muscle growth in a little as six to eight weeks! And they can add 1 to 3 inches to their arms--an amazing amount of pure muscle to their legs and calves--even if they thought they had already "maxed" out.
dramatic improvements in their own results
The approach you're probably using to train with could be improved by nearly 70%!
source: https://s3.amazonaws.com/prod_foundationapp/364221/lessons/35/1384378776-john-carlton-1.pdf
you'll look like a Greek statue.