it is through the ascetic formations of monasticism that an opening was made for reevaluating labor positively rather than negatively

Interesting. I suspect it depends on how you use it. Students with a high level of metacognitive capacity could use this to their advantage. Teaching (particularly the Whole-Part-Whole Reteaching technique) is a very useful technique for active recall (don't forget expanding gap spacing and interleaving); it forces you to use all aspects of your cognitive schemas to provide a clear and understandable explanation of what you know to have others understand it. When you struggle to explain it to others or they ask questions and you cannot answer it (or explain it in different ways) you have identified knowledge gaps.These recall techniques serve not only to strengthen the neural connections between concepts in the cognitive schemata (Hebbian plasticity; re-encoding benefits) but, perhaps more importantly, also to identify knowledge gaps making you know what to focus on when improving your knowledge mastery (maybe even what information to drill, depending on the information type).

To flip or not to flip?Answer isn't that simple. This is what the research says:HIGHLIGHTS:->The flipped learning literature suffers from methodological irregularities, confounds, and inconsistencies across studies.->Kapur et al. (2022) conducted a detailed review of the flipped learning literature. They discovered that flipping offers few benefits for teachers who already incorporate a lot of active learning in their instruction.->Equity issues may arise in flipped classrooms if some students can’t do, or don’t do, the assigned pre-class activities.->It’s not clear that “flipping” offers significant benefits for K-12 teachers. Better student outcomes may be obtained by introducing new material in manageable chunks and tightly interweaving the presentation of new content with structured, active learning.

the erosion between whiteness andgainful employment that Davidson and Saul arguedled to a cultural backlash from white Americans andhas caused them to move from the left to the far-rightas a form of retaliation against the neoliberal cosmo-politan left.

Economic Policy Institute,by the year 2032 the majority of the working class willbe composed of people of colo

The job losses described here are notupper management positions but rather jobs formerlyoccupied by the white working class.

reducing racial inequality means also addressing class inequality

The age cohort projected to make the earliest transition to majority-minority is the one that includes workers age 25 to 34. These are today’s 18- to 27-year-olds and for them, the projected transition year is 2021.

The prime-age working-class cohort, which includes working people between the ages of 25 and 54, is projected to be majority people of color in 2029.

the working class is projected to become majority people of color in 2032

In 2013, the working class—made up of those with less than a bachelor’s degree—constituted nearly two-thirds (66.1 percent) of the civilian labor force4 between ages 18 and 64.

In​ 1880 Britain could with some justification be called the ‘workshop of the world’: it produced more than 20 per cent of global industrial output and about 40 per cent of the world’s manufactured exports. In the nearly half-century since Samuel published his essay of that name, historians have done much to undermine the narrative of an ‘industrial revolution’ bookended by the invention of the spinning jenny in 1764 and the New Poor Law of 1834.

In Chicago, one catalyst for that growth—as a kind of public sym-bol and tacit approval from the business community—was “the FatMan’s Class,” which had begun meeting in 1942–1943 at Chicago’sUniversity Club. The moniker derived, according to some, from thegroup’s “affluence rather than the girth of its members.” Membersof this class included Chicago notables such as Harold and CharlesSwift, Marshall Field, Jr., Walter Paepcke, Hermon Dunlap Smith,William Benton, Hughston McBain (president of Marshall Field andCompany), and Laird Bell. This group caught the “fancy” of thepopulace, causing the University of Chicago’s University College topartner with the Chicago Public Library in 1944 to set up great bookscourses around the city.43

An anonymous review in The Atlantic touched on the samesnobbish fear addressed by Barzun:Mr. Adler’s notion that “almost all of the great books in every fieldare within the grasp of all normally intelligent men” seems to usto need a deal of sifting. We do not know what he means by “nor-mally intelligent,” but if he means the average run of intelligencein our population, or in the student body of our schools and col-leges, we believe he is deplorably wrong. So also . . . the book’s sub-title, “The Art of Getting a Liberal Education,” savors strongly ofquackery. 39

Overall, this alternate cri-teria of assessment (in relation to Rubin) is indeed tenable because,as Menand noted, by the mid-1960s “the whole high-low paradigm”would “end up in the dustbin of history,” replaced by a “culture ofsophisticated entertainment.”25

does the consumer’s integration, by choice, into largermass communities ironically tie the person to new and larger bonds

nines nine is thought to be largely produced by labs in China

to classify means to draw up a scheme, to class meansto apply it.

By 1700, we should note, slaves comprised half the population of thesouthern portion of the Carolina colony, an imbalance that widened to 72percent by 1740. Beginning in 1714, a series of laws required that for everysix slaves an owner purchased, he had to acquire one white servant.Lamenting that the “white population do not proportionally multiply,”South Carolina lawmakers had one more reason to wish that a corps ofLeet-men and women had actually been formed. Encouraged to marry andmultiply, tied to the land, they might have provided a racial and class barrierbetween the slaves and the landed elites.13

A court of heraldry was added to this strange brew: in overseeingmarriages and maintaining pedigree, it provided further evidence of theintention to fix (and police) class identity.

Slavery was thus a logicaloutgrowth of the colonial class system imagined by Hakluyt. It emergedfrom three interrelated phenomena: harsh labor conditions, the treatment ofindentures as commodities, and, most of all, the deliberate choice to breedchildren so that they should become an exploitable pool of workers.

America’s class language and thinking began with the forceful imprint leftby English colonization.

The hallowed American dream is thegold standard by which politicians and voters alike are meant to measurequality of life as each generation pursues its own definition of happinessunfettered by the restraints of birth (who your parents are) or station (theposition you start out from in the class system).

economic stratification createdby wealth and privilege.

What is the most that a working-class person could hope for from a net-zero future?

My belief is that societies cannot organize effectively to cope with the impacts of climate change without a shared understanding of the future that awaits.

it reveals that it’s those immediate experiences of the environment rather than global atmospheric concentrations of CO2 that affect people’s ideas about climate.

The startling events of the spring of 1933, when more andmore Germans realized that they were not supposed to shop inJewish stores and when German companies felt compelled to fireJewish employees and remove Jewish businessmen from corporateboards, moved Germany quite some distance toward the ultimategoal of “Aryanizing” the German economy.

Most candidates for sterilization came from lower-classbackgrounds, and since it was educated middle-class men who weremaking normative judgments about decent behavior, they were bothmore vulnerable to state action and less likely to arouse sympathy

Boththe Hitler Youth and the Reich Labor Service aimed to mix bour-geois and working-class youths in order to pull down social barriersto the formation of national race consciousness.

In place of the quarrels of party, the contests of inter-est, and the divisions of class, which they believed compromised theability of the nation to act, the Nazis proposed to build a unified ra-cial community guided by modern science. Such an endeavor wouldprovide Germany with the “unity of action” necessary to surviveand prosper in the dangerous conditions of the twentieth century

The dreamof the Volkswagen seemed to promise “a new, happier age” thatwould make “the German people rich and Germany beautiful,” asHitler put it. Indeed, the Volkswagen functioned as a symbol for thenewly won capacity to dream about the future: in this fundamentalsense, the Nazis appeared as “men of the future.”

he reports confirm that workers creditedHitler, in particular, for the restoration of economic stability.

the reports indicate that “workers not only wereunfree . . . but that most of them felt they were unfree, exploited,discriminated against and the victims of an unfair, class-ridden soci-ety.” Even during the boom years of 1937–39, “signs indicated thatNazism was further losing ground among workers.”

Interweaving economic opportunity with the dangers thatmight prevent it, whether it was the threat of air attack, the pres-ence of “asocials,” or the power of Jews, Winter Relief and air-de-fense campaigns made the premises of the people’s community tan-gible and persuasive

these auxiliary organiza-tions gave Germans semiofficial responsibilities as they collecteddonations, distributed coal, or trained as air-raid wardens.

The SA, Hitler Youth, and Reich LaborFront worked the same way, striving to identify a new generationof leaders drawn from all social classes;

National Socialists assaulted the “alternative culture” of work-ing-class socialists in order to coordinate it, but they also attemptedto overcome the very idea of “alternative,” which structured the so-cial divisions typical of Germany’s neighborhoods.

But thepressure to comply was unmistakable. Dürkefälden’s father-in-lawwas out every night one week in August 1933 because he had toattend meetings or risk losing his garden plot.

The ubiquitous fundraising made it possible for poorer peo-ple like the Dürkefäldens to participate more fully in public life:dinner or snacks were served at party events and entry fees lifted atsport competitions.

In addition, Goebbels tried towin over proletarian celebrities.

plac-ing leading functionaries of the regime in Germany’s factories.

Hitler registered to vote in the working-class Berlin precinct Siemensstadt, and enjoyed a great propagandabonanza when he spoke from the floor of the Siemens factory in anationally broadcast radio address on 10 November 1933.

Evenbefore Hitler spoke (8:00 p.m.), the choreography of May Day hadfastened the links between workers and the nation, between ma-chinists and machine-age dreams, between technical mastery andnational prowess

Hitler repeatedly addressed workers as patriotswho had built Germany’s industrial strength and served honorablyin the war, but who had been unjustly oppressed by liberal eco-nomic orthodoxies. He employed a rhetoric of understanding andcompassion that recognized the perspective of the working class.Reviving the Nation • 47

“Something had to be done”—these were the simple, conclusive words voiced by a friend of KarlDürkefälden’s, jobless and a new convert to Nazism. His wordswere echoed by thousands of workers in the winter and springof 1933; though a socialist, Karl himself understood—“it’s truetoo,” he added parenthetically in his diary entry.

Dürkefälden wasalso able to describe something Elisabeth Gebensleben could not,namely, the story of how working-class conversions helped to cre-ate National Socialism.

When Karl pro-tested that local Nazis had arrested young workers in the neigh-borhood and seized a trade union building, his father retorted indialect, “Ordnung mot sein,” “You have to have order.”

why is, are so many working class whites driving toward the hard right and wanting to support, you know, what seemed to us kind of insane policies? Well, people are desperate. They're looking for the answer. They're looking for the problem, and they're being told the problem is immigrants. And we don't look at wealth as the problem.

Glossary of some important musical terms

`.call` is a shortcut for `.new(args).call`

People want to autoload from lib, which is understandable. If we can, this use case should have first-class support from the framework.

Given all of the reasons not to engage with social media — the privacy issues, the slippery-slope addiction aspect of it, its role in spreading incivility — do we want to try to put the genie back in the bottle? Can we? Does social media definitely have a future?

“Before, only media companies had reach, so it was harder for false information to spread. It could happen, but it was slow. Now anyone can share anything, and because people tend to believe what they see, false information can spread just as, if not more easily, than the truth.

The idea of social media as just a way to reconnect with high school friends se

One prominent commentator about the negative impact of social media is Jaron Lanier, whose fervent opposition makes itself apparent in the plainspoken title of his 2018 book Ten Arguments for Deleting Your Social Media Accounts Right Now. He cites loss of free will

Facebook has its critics, says Wharton marketing professor Pinar Yildirim, and they are mainly concerned about two things: mishandling consumer data and poorly managing access to it by third-party providers; and the level of disinformation spreading on Facebook

As quickly as social media has insinuated itself into politics, the workplace, home life, and elsewhere, it continues to evolve at lightning speed, making it tricky to predict which way it will morph next.

The clinical application of the work of these disciplines is performed to improve and maintain an individual's functional capacities for physical labor, exercise, and sports. Sports medicine also includes the prevention and treatment of diseases and injuries related to exercise and sports.

Uptake of Iodide ++ Iodine ingested in the diet reaches the circulation in the form of iodide ion (I−). Normally, the I− concentration in the blood is very low (0.2–0.4 μg/dL; ~15–30 nM). The thyroid actively transports the ion via a specific membrane-bound protein, termed sodium iodide symporter (NIS) (Kogai and Brent, 2012; Portulano et al., 2014). As a result, the ratio of [I−]thyroid to [I−]plasma is usually between 20 and 50 and can exceed 100 when the gland is stimulated. Iodide transport is inhibited by a number of ions, such as thiocyanate and perchlorate. TSH stimulates NIS gene expression and promotes insertion of NIS protein into the membrane in a functional configuration. Thus, decreased stores of thyroid iodine enhance iodide uptake by increasing TSH, and the administration of iodide can reverse this situation by decreasing NIS protein expression. Iodine is accumulated by other tissues, including the salivary glands, gut, and lactating breast, and it is all mediated by a single NIS gene. Individuals with congenital NIS gene mutations have absent or defective iodine concentration in all tissues known to concentrate iodine. +++ Oxidation and Iodination ++ Transport of iodine from the thyroid follicular cell to the colloid is facilitated by the apical transporter pendrin. The oxidation of iodide to its active form is accomplished by thyroid peroxidase. The reaction results in the formation of monoiodotyrosine (MIT) and diiodotyrosine (DIT) residues in thyroglobulin, a process referred to as organification of iodine, just prior to its extracellular storage in the lumen of the thyroid follicle. +++ Formation of Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine From Iodotyrosines ++ The remaining synthetic step is the coupling of two DIT residues to form T4 or of an MIT and a DIT residue to form T3. These oxidative reactions also are catalyzed by thyroid peroxidase. Intrathyroidal and secreted T3 are also generated by the 5′-deiodination of T4. +++ Synthesis and Secretion of Thyroid Hormones ++ Because T4 and T3 are synthesized and stored within thyroglobulin, proteolysis is an important part of the secretory process. This process is initiated by endocytosis of colloid from the follicular lumen at the apical surface of the cell, with the participation of a thyroglobulin receptor, megalin. This “ingested” thyroglobulin appears as intracellular colloid droplets, which apparently fuse with lysosomes containing the requisite proteolytic enzymes. TSH enhances the degradation of thyroglobulin by increasing the activity of lysosomal thiol endopeptidases, which selectively cleave thyroglobulin, yielding hormone-containing intermediates that subsequently are processed by exopeptidases. The liberated hormones then exit the cell primarily as T4 along with some T3. The T3 secreted by the thyroid derives partly from T3 within mature thyroglobulin and partly from deiodination of T4 (Figure 47–3), which also occurs peripherally (Figure 47–4).

Standards codify and institutionalize values.

there's a landlord tax the the  one percent in their day were the landlords you   have to tax away the land rent and make that  the public uh tax base not income not taxes on   consumer goods not taxes on capital because you  want good capital investment you want fortunes to   00:45:07 be made in a good way that add to the economy's  productivity you don't want them to be made in   a predatory bad way uh the whole fight to tax  economic rent and to even recognize that most   income is unearned when you talk about the uh  income disparity almost all this disparity is   unearned income it's economic rent it's not  income that's made by increasing uh production   00:45:33 it's not income that's made by increasing living  standards it's just predatory rent seeking from   special privileges that the wealthy have gained  from government and today it's not the landlord   class anymore as it was in the 19th century it's  the financial class and the raw materials class   uh and uh without dealing uh with this uh  cl structure i don't uh the system is going   00:45:57 to shrink and shrink and we've seen this before  we saw it in rome the same kind of polarization   and concentration of wealth in the roman empire  well the last stage of that is feudalism so we're   back to what rosa luxemburg said the choice is  between socialism and barbarism basically and uh   there's no other way to do it you can't  solve the problems within the existing system   00:46:23 because it's controlled already by the one  percent

exactly the something which her home required.

had ceased to hold the nominal office of governess, the mildness of her temper had hardly allowed her to impose any restraint; and the shadow of authority being now long passed away,

less as a governess than a friend, very fond of both daughters, but particularly of Emma. Between them it was more the intimacy of sisters.

the main feature I miss is to be able to declare abstract services (that should never be runned but could be used to group common properties of services for convenience).

I understand that multiple -f options fits almost the bill, but it doesn't always work. For example, I rather often change the name of the abstract service into something that is more meaningful in the context of the project at hand. This is something that the overriding that occurs with multiple -f options does not support. I would not mind loosing the exact extends though, as long as their is some other way to "instantiate" an abstract service in a file.

java编译器对编译后class以及其内部变量的命名规则是什么？

先有Class还是先有Object？

Java 类名.class与类名.this 的区别?

java annotation 中 SOURCE 和 CLASS 的区别？

一个简单Class文件的分析（多图）

I often think back to MySpace’s downfall. In 2007, I penned a controversial blog post noting a division that was forming as teenagers self-segregated based on race and class in the US, splitting themselves between Facebook and MySpace. A few years later, I noted the role of the news media in this division, highlighting how media coverage about MySpace as scary, dangerous, and full of pedophiles (regardless of empirical evidence) helped make this division possible. The news media played a role in delegitimizing MySpace (aided and abetted by a team at Facebook, which was directly benefiting from this delegitimization work).

Class has been called an ‘unspeakable’ identity that is seldom discussed.

The debate about this dominance of a public school elite

wellconnected people accumulate wealth and power (reflecting the popular sociological observation that ‘it’s not what you know, but who you know that counts’).

wellconnected people accumulate wealth and power (reflecting the popular sociological observation that ‘it’s not what you know, but who you know that counts’). In parallel, disconnected people (like the ‘Street People’discussed in Chapter 1) are likely to experience marginality and exclusion, and may be treated as different from the norm. Indeed, as I was writing this chapter in 2013, there was a debate going on about the dominance of public school educated people in the UK, started by the last non-public school educated Prime Minister, John Major, who said:‘In every single sphere of British influence, the upper echelons of power in 2013 are held overwhelmingly by the privately educated or the affluent middle class’ (BBC News, 2013).

People in low life have no such privilege. Necessity, which spares our betters, has no pity on us. We learn to put our feelings back into ourselves, and to jog on with our duties as patiently as may be.

nd when you wonder what this cruel nastiness means, you are told that it means a taste in my young master or my young mistress for natural history. Sometimes, again, you see them occupied for hours together in spoiling a pretty flower with pointed instruments, out of a stupid curiosity to know what the flower is made of. Is its colour any prettier, or its scent any sweeter, when you do know?

the idea of a thoughts page was originated by maren, who made a script for generating thoughts pages. thoughts.page is a way of lowering the barrier of entry to putting thoughts on the internet for people who don't want to or don't know how to set up a script to do it.

Primary program modules

data can be exported from airtable, but the logic and UI can't

Unlike conventional blogs which are read-only this blog contains active code, so you can click on any of the links in this tiddler and see the code and see how the system behaves.

the process for putting something on the internet to just be a git push and trust that the machine will just take care of it

Are you limited to PHP?

who hosts that?

the former allows me to give an URL to a piece of code

stay married

You and Galileo agree that any Dispute arising out of or related to these Terms or the Site is personal to you and Galileo and that such Dispute will be resolved solely through individual arbitration and will not be brought as a class arbitration, class action or any other type of representative proceeding.

Many of the items in the docuverse are not static, run-of-the-mill materials, i.e. unformatted text, graphics, database files, or whatever. They are, in fact, executable programs, materials that from a docuverse perspective can be viewed as Executable Documents (EDs). Such programs run the gamut from the simplest COBOL or C program to massive expert systems and FORTRAN programs. Since the docuverse address scheme allows us to link documents at will, we can link together compiled code, source code, and descriptive material in hypertext fashion. Now, if, in addition, we can prepare and link to an executable document an Input-Output Document (IOD), a document specifying a program's input and output requirements and behavior, and an RWI describing the IOD, we can entertain the notion of integrating data and programs that were not originally designed to work together.

GitHub is a foreign CMS

incorporate their demographics, motivations (i.e. reasons for enrolling), engagement and learning outcomes to develop learner profiles. In that sense, a latent class analysis (LCA) is applied, an unsupervised machine learning technique

No bound to riches has been fixed for man

The master is only the master of the slave; he does not belong to him, whereas the slave is not only the slave of his master, but wholly belongs to him.

Thus the state is by nature clearly prior to the family and to the individual

As in other departments of science, so in politics, the compound should always be resolved into the simple elements or least parts of the whole. We must therefore look at the elements of which the state is composed, in order that we may see in what they differ from one another, and whether any scientific distinction can be drawn between the different kinds of rule

THE POLITICS

The final keystone was when the program that a computer runs was moved to where the data is stored, rather than being represented or input physically. This effectively created what we now know of as software. Obvious in hindsight, yet almost impossible to see from the past’s vantage point.

Error: Index signature for type 'string' is missing in type 'someInterface'. Because `interface` can be re-opened

An interface can be re-opened. Whereas a type is sealed. So a solution for microsoft/TypeScript#15300 is to map the interface (which can be defined in many places) to a type.

Recent research suggests that globally, the wealthiest 10% have been responsible foras much as half of the cumulative emissions since 1990 and the richest 1% for more than twicethe emissions of the poorest 50% (2).

The current supported languages out-of-the-box are Sass, Stylus, Less, CoffeeScript, TypeScript, Pug, PostCSS, Babel.

I’ve written a few thousand words on why traditional “semantic class names” are the reason CSS is hard to maintain, but the truth is you’re never going to believe me until you actually try it.

But it is always important to remember that those are not language concepts. Those are community concepts that only exist in our heads and in the names of some library methods.

Note: when I wrote above that "there is no such thing as X", what I meant was that "there is no such thing as X in the Ruby language". That does not mean that those concepts don't exist in the Ruby community.

The important thing to understand is that there is no such thing as a class method in Ruby. A class method is really just a singleton method. There is nothing special about class methods. Every object can have singleton methods. We just call them "class methods" when the object is a Class because "singleton method of an instance of Class" is too long and unwieldy.

Class methods are actually instance methods defined on the singleton class of a class.

on the same level as the document ‘contents’

Testing at GitLab is a first class citizen, not an afterthought. It’s important we consider the design of our tests as we do the design of our features.

And, to our bitter grief, with a smile and in silence, he died, a gallant gentleman.

ohn Seward, M.D

And, too, it made me think of the wonderful power of money! What can it not do when it is properly applied; and what might it do when basely used. I felt so thankful that Lord Godalming is rich, and that both he and Mr. Morris, who also has plenty of money, are willing to spend it so freely.

since he does not speak any foreign language.

“Can’t we get a special?” asked Lord Godalming. Van Helsing shook his head: “I fear not. This land is very different from yours or mine; even if we did have a special, it would probably not arrive as soon as our regular train.

Godalming told the shippers that he fancied that the box sent aboard might contain something stolen from a friend of his, and got a half consent that he might open it at his own risk. The owner gave him a paper telling the Captain to give him every facility in doing whatever he chose on board the ship, and also a similar authorisation to his agent at Varna. We have seen the agent, who was much impressed with Godalming’s kindly manner to him, and we are all satisfied that whatever he can do to aid our wishes will be done.

“This is what I can give into the hotch-pot.” I could not but note the quaint legal phrase which she used in such a place, and with all seriousness.

Czarina Catherine

He will let two scientists see his case, if he will not let two friends

Your husband is noble nature, and you are noble too,

Lord Godalming

entailed property of Lucy’s father’s which now, in default of direct issue, went back to a distant branch of the family, the whole estate, real and personal, was left absolutely to Arthur Holmwood.

You forget that I am a lawyer as well as a doctor.

Patrick Hennessey, M. D., M. R. C. S. L. K. Q. C. P. I., etc., etc.,

junior partner of the important firm Hawkins & Harker;

You were only student then; now you are master,

Abraham Van Helsing, M. D., D. Ph., D. Lit., etc., etc.,

when you came from the schoolroom to prepare for the world of life.

If I don’t sleep at once, chloral, the modern Morpheus—C2HCl3O. H2O!

Surgeon J. M. Caffyn,

THREE proposals

Count Dracula?” He bowed in a courtly way as he replied:— “I am Dracula;

you are a solicitor and the Incorporated Law Society might tell you that you should have known better.

not if they knew the man was properly employed

This burglary business is getting serious;

I am myself a professional man.” Here I handed him my card. “In this instance I am not prompted by curiosity; I act on the part of Lord Godalming, who wishes to know something of the property which was, he understood, lately for sale.” These words put a different complexion on affairs.

phonetic spelling had again misled me

taking a late tea out of a saucer. He is a decent, intelligent fellow, distinctly a good, reliable type of workman, and with a headpiece of his own.

Here was my own pet lunatic—the most pronounced of his type that I had ever met with—talking elemental philosophy, and with the manner of a polished gentleman.

Lord Godalming and Mr. Morris arrived earlier than we expected. Dr. Seward

my honour as a gentleman or my faith as a Christian is concerned

No, no, not that, for God’s sake! not yet at any rate.

the solicitor came: Mr. Marquand, of Wholeman, Sons, Marquand & Lidderdale

left him a fortune which to people of our modest bringing up is wealth beyond the dream of avarice,

with that obedience to the etiquette of death which the British woman of the lower classes always rigidly observes

I was stern with them, however, and would not let them talk. I told them that one life was bad enough to lose, and that if they delayed they would sacrifice Miss Lucy.

cursed the laziness of the servants that they should lie abed at such an hour

’at as perlite as a lord

You’ll excoose me refoosin’ to talk of perfeshunal subjects afore meals

‘Don’t get fooled by those mangled teeth she sports on camera!’ says the ABC News host introducing the woman who plays Pennsatucky. ‘Taryn Manning is one beautiful and talented actress.’ This suggestion that bad teeth and talent, in particular, are mutually exclusive betrays our broad, unexamined bigotry toward those long known, tellingly, as ‘white trash.’ It’s become less acceptable in recent decades to make racist or sexist statements, but blatant classism generally goes unchecked. See the hugely successful blog People of Walmart that, through submitted photographs, viciously ridicules people who look like contemporary US poverty: the elastic waistbands and jutting stomachs of diabetic obesity, the wheelchairs and oxygen tanks of gout and emphysema. Upper-class supremacy is nothing new. A hundred years ago, the US Eugenics Records Office not only targeted racial minorities but ‘sought to demonstrate scientifically that large numbers of rural poor whites were genetic defectives,’ as the sociologist Matt Wray explains in his book Not Quite White: White Trash and the Boundaries of Whiteness (2006). The historian and civil rights activist W E B du Bois, an African American, wrote in his autobiography Dusk of Dawn (1940) that, growing up in Massachusetts in the 1870s, ‘the racial angle was more clearly defined against the Irish than against me. It was a matter of income and ancestry more than colour.’ Martin Luther King, Jr made similar observations and was organising a poor-people’s march on Washington at the time of his murder in 1968.

Lucy is to be married in the autumn, and she is already planning out her dresses and how her house is to be arranged. I sympathise with her, for I do the same, only Jonathan and I will start in life in a very simple way, and shall have to try to make both ends meet.

(Mem., under what circumstances would I not avoid the pit of hell?) Omnia Romæ venalia sunt. Hell has its price! verb. sap. If there be anything behind this instinct it will be valuable to trace it afterwards accurately, so I had better commence to do so, therefore

when he made Hamlet say:— “My tablets! quick, my tablets! ’Tis meet that I put it down,” etc.,

found him making the bed.

That is not enough for me. Here I am noble; I am boyar; the common people know me, and I am master. But a stranger in a strange land, he is no one