1. Dec 2025
    1. Lorsque l’on parle du phénomène de la désinformation, il est important de ne pas se focaliser uniquement sur les volumes de « fake news » partagées sur les réseaux sociaux

      Ce passage remet en cause une approche purement quantitative de la désinformation et invite à analyser la réception et l’interprétation des fake news par les individus.

    2. Il est ainsi probable que nous ne soyons pas forcément vigilants et tatillons sur la crédibilité d’un contenu informationnel car ce qui compte pour nous est d’un tout autre ordre :

      L’auteure montre ici que, dans les contextes de communication informelle, la vérification de l’information passe au second plan au profit de logiques sociales ou relationnelles.

    1. What it means to learn at ECU   At ECU, learning is not just about completing one assignment after another. Each unit you take builds on the last, helping you develop knowledge and skills that grow across your whole course. Over time, you’ll become more confident, capable, and ready for your future profession. This module will introduce you to what learning at ECU looks like and how your course is designed to support your success.

      Excellently/clearly explained

    1. Bois is the mind behind “Scorigami,” a term he defines as “the act, and art, of producing a final score in a football game that has never happened before.” He conjured that portmanteau after a 2014 Seattle Seahawks victory over the Green Bay Packers. That game finished 36–16, the first time those two numbers had ever appeared side by side at the end of an official NFL contest.
    1. Men hunted big game, defended the band from predatory animals, and fought; women gathered, fished, trapped small animals, and grew the "three sisters" of corn, beans, and squash in garden plots they shifted when soil fertility began to wane.

      Men are more dominant than women physically, since they have to hunt, defend, and fought. The women are strong too, but they have less physical things to do, like grow and gather stuff.

    2. the new availability of inexpensive paper spurred an explosion of notebooks called zibaldoni, in which regular people wrote down excerpts of books they had read, things they had heard, or discoveries they had made themselves.

      I like how regular people could participate in learning, not just elites.

    3. Hongwu designated his chosen heir's first son, who was sixteen at the time. Four years later when the twenty-year old grandson inherited the throne, one of his uncles took it away from him.

      Putting a teenager on the throne seems risky. Young emperors were easy targets for ambitious family members and officials.

    4. The failure of these social systems in China is often interpreted as a loss by rulers of the Mandate of Heaven.

      The Mandate of Heaven was how people explained why dynasties fell. When famine, plague, and chaos hit, it made sense to people that the Yuan rulers had lost divine approval. I think its cool to see their thought process when their was no probable explanation for them at the time.

    5. A Jacquerie (peasant's revolt) in France was put down brutally in 1358. Heavily armored cavalry rode down crowds of farmers described by the authorities as a rebel army

      shows how desperate peasants were. Even though they fought back, the revolt was crushed brutally. Authorities often used extreme violence to maintain control.

    6. Caravans and official travelers could cover up to 200 miles per day, and for the first time

      That’s insanely fast for the 14th century. People could travel huge distances and share stories about other cultures. It helped connect East and West much better

    7. hina's Southern Song dynasty was becoming the wealthiest, most urbanized, and most populous region of the world. In the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries

      China was the world leader in population and economy. 120 million people is huge! It’s crazy to think one country had 30% of the world’s population.

    8. Saladin did not sack the city and gave its Christian inhabitants safe passage to return to their homelands.

      This is really interesting as he was known for being merciful. Contrasts with the brutal Crusader capture in 1099. Shows how back then, leadership can include honor, and not to reckless violence

    9. One of these travelers was Constantine the African (c. 1017–1098), an important figure in the transmission of medical knowledge from the Islamic world to medieval Europe

      Constantine is a great example of someone moving between cultures. He helped bring knowledge from the Islamic world to Europe.

    10. The Domesday Book (1086 CE), a comprehensive survey of England's lands and resources, was commissioned to aid taxation and administration and has become an invaluable source of insight into medieval life and the economy.

      Basically, it was a giant census for money and control. tells us a lot about medieval England. Historians still use it today to understand economy and society.

    11. The technique, which is now lost, originated in southern India in the sixth century BCE and continued until the eighteenth, with significant production during the Chola Empire.

      It’s wild that we don’t know how to fully make it anymore. Even with modern technology, recreating it is difficult. goes to show how skilled ancient metalworkers were.

    12. developed an alphabet for the Slavic language which ultimately became Cyrillic.

      This is huge because Cyrillic is still used today. Language helped religion spread faster. It made the Slavs feel included instead of forced to use Greek or Latin.

    13. from the Atlantic Ocean to the Elbe River and from the Pyrenees to the Danube

      The boundaries help visualize how massive his empire was. how it wasn’t a small kingdom and it crossed many modern countries. Geography clearly mattered a lot for power.

    14. first to Kufa and then to a new city they built beginning in 762 near the old Sasanian capital

      It’s interesting that they didn’t settle right away and kept moving. Building a brand-new city shows confidence and ambition. They wanted a capital designed for their empire, not inherited.

    15. Muhammad and the Muslims had lived by caravan trading, and they continued this during their exile in Medina, gaining converts throughout Arabia.

      It’s interesting that trade stayed important even after they were forced to leave Mecca. Trading helped them survive in Medina and meet new people. This also made it easier for Islam to spread because merchants traveled a lot.

    16. a hub of the caravan trade and a pilgrimage site.

      Trade routes that were connected Mecca to Africa, Asia, and Europe. Pilgrimage brought diverse religious practices into the city. Really helps explain Muhammad’s strong opposition to idolatry.

    17. the people Romans had described as "barbarians"

      The term “barbarian” was definitely Roman bias. Many of these groups had long interacted with Rome through trade, military service, and settlement. This is more to the fact that they were outsiders completely opposed to Roman civilization.

    18. There is some value to reminding ourselves that we humans are relatively new, and certainly our recorded history only makes up a tiny sliver at the end of a very long past.

      This sentence is reminds me and other people have been around for only a short time compare to how long the earth has existed, and our writing history is just a small part of that long time. This help us stay humble and remember that many thing we think are important may not last forever

    1. Understanding SAG⇄E as a Communication Tool

      I like this connection, that the ⇄ part of the framework is both a communication tool and a place to practise communication. It would be nice to make this more explicit for learners with a short paragraph under this heading, before moving into the diagram. For example, this section could highlight that engaging in ⇄ dialogue helps learners develop capabilities such as articulating their thinking, asking constructive questions, listening and responding to others, building confidence in discussing their learning, and making sense of feedback collaboratively. It could also acknowledge that these conversations can feel unfamiliar or uncomfortable at first, and that this is a normal part of developing these skills. Framing ⇄ dialogue as a practice — not a performance — may help learners approach it with greater confidence and openness.

    2. Responding to Feedback

      One possible enhancement on this page (or on several pages) is to more explicitly normalise the emotional and cognitive responses learners may have when receiving feedback. While the module already acknowledges confidence and challenge, a brief statement that reassures learners that feelings such as uncertainty, discomfort, or frustration are common — and often signal meaningful learning — could help create a stronger sense of emotional safety.

      This kind of framing supports feedback literacy by helping learners recognise that their reactions are part of the learning process, and that pausing to notice these responses can make it easier to engage productively with feedback rather than avoid it. Feeling uncertain or uncomfortable when receiving feedback is common and often signals meaningful learning.

    1. Improvement

      At the end of the whole learning experience it would be helpful to more explicitly signal how learners will continue to use the SAG⇄E Insights for Learning framework beyond this module. The activities here are well designed for practice, and a brief forward-looking statement could help learners understand that this approach is intended to support learning across multiple tasks, units, and stages of their course — not just as a one-off activity.

      For example, a short “What’s next?” message might highlight that learners will revisit SAG⇄E when they receive feedback in other units, use it to notice patterns over time, and draw on it when curating portfolio evidence. This helps reinforce continuity and supports learners in seeing feedback as something that accumulates and develops, rather than resetting with each task.

    1. Understanding

      One possible enhancement to consider is making the learner-agency and identity dimension of the SAG⇄E Insights for Learning framework a little more explicit. Throughout the module, feedback is framed very effectively as something learners can use to improve their work; this could be strengthened further by also positioning feedback as a way of helping learners become more confident, independent decision-makers about their learning over time.

      A short meta-statement somewhere in the module (for example near the conclusion) could help learners see the bigger purpose of SAG⇄E beyond individual tasks. For instance:

      “Over time, using the SAG⇄E framework helps you build the confidence to interpret feedback, notice patterns, and decide for yourself what matters most for your learning — not just respond to individual comments.”

      This kind of framing supports learners to see feedback as part of becoming an active, capable learner across their course, rather than something that only applies to one task or unit.

    1. Download Your Action Plan Toolkit

      The Feedback Action Plan Template is a strong and practical resource, and it’s an ideal place to make the three movements of Engagement (⇄E) explicit. Rather than renaming the template, we suggest lightly structuring it around Reflection, Inquiry, and Action — using labels or prompts to help learners see Engagement as a process they practise over time. Much of this is already present; the main enhancement would be distinguishing an initial reflection on how feedback lands (emotionally and cognitively) from later reflection on capability development, and clearly positioning SAG insights as part of the Inquiry move.

      Suggested enhancements to the Feedback Action Plan Template 1. Keep the title “Feedback Action Plan Template” The title is clear and learner-friendly. Rather than renaming it, the conceptual work can be done through how the template is structured and framed. 2. Add a brief framing line at the top to connect the template to ⇄E For example: “This Action Plan helps you practise the Engagement (⇄E) part of the SAG⇄E Insights for Learning framework by guiding you through three moves: Reflection, Inquiry, and Action.” 3. Make the three ⇄E movements explicit through light section labelling or prompts This helps learners see Engagement as a process they practise, not just a single step. 4. Surface an initial Reflection move (before action planning) Add a short reflection prompt that invites learners to notice how feedback lands emotionally and cognitively, for example: • What stood out to you in this feedback? • How did it make you feel or think differently about your work or learning? This normalises reflection and supports learning from challenge or mistakes. 5. Position SAG insights as part of the Inquiry move Reframe the existing “SAG⇄E Insights” section as Inquiry, e.g.: Which Successes, Adjustments, or Growth insights matter most right now, and why? This reinforces that SAG insights are inputs to learner sense-making, not endpoints. 6. Retain the Action section with minimal change The current focus on specific, achievable steps is strong. Optional prompts could reinforce time-bounded action (e.g. “over the next week or two”). 7. Differentiate reflection on ‘how feedback landed’ from reflection on development over time The existing “Reflection on Capability Development” section works well as a later reflection, focused on noticing learning, growth, or changes in confidence after acting on feedback. 8. Keep Support Resources and Portfolio Annotation as they are, with minor connective language if helpful These sections already align well with ⇄E and portfolio learning; small wording tweaks could simply reinforce their role in supporting the Engagement process.

    2. A Quick Refresher: SAG⇄E Insights for Learning

      Across the module, the repeated use of the circular SAG⇄E diagram and recall-style quiz questions has been effective in reinforcing recognition of the framework. At this point in the learner journey, however, this repetition may be doing less conceptual work than earlier pages, as learners are already familiar with the core elements.

      On this page in particular — where Engagement (⇄E) is being introduced more fully — there is an opportunity to shift the visual and interactive emphasis away from remembering the framework and toward understanding how ⇄E actually operates.

      A left-to-right representation of the framework (from SAG insights to learner Engagement) works especially well here because it makes visible the balance and back-and-forth between the insight-giver side (Successes, Adjustments, Growth) and the learner side of the framework. It also provides a natural structure for introducing the three movements of ⇄E (Reflection, Inquiry, Action) as an active process, rather than as a single abstract concept. I've uploaded an image that I use in the Files area of this Canvas site.

      Replacing the circular diagram on this page with a representation that foregrounds the three ⇄E movements would help learners see Engagement as something they do, and something that unfolds over time in response to insights. The existing visual could still be used earlier in the module to establish the overall framework shape.

      Similarly, rather than another quiz focused on recalling SAG or ⇄E definitions, this page could use an interaction that helps learners distinguish and apply the three ⇄E movements — for example, identifying which movement is being demonstrated in short scenarios, or sequencing Reflection, Inquiry, and Action in response to a piece of feedback. This would extend understanding rather than repeat recall.

    3. Toolkit

      A small language point to consider: the term “toolkit” may unintentionally position this resource as something separate from, or parallel to, the SAG⇄E Insights for Learning framework. Conceptually, this Action Plan works best when it is understood as a way of enacting the Engagement (⇄E) component of the framework, rather than as an additional tool alongside it.

    4. Getting Started

      At first glance the SAG⇄E acronym looks unbalanced, like there is more 'weight' on the SAG side of the double arrow than on the E side. This is not a true reflection of the power of the ⇄E portion of the framework. The ⇄E component is actually made up of three 'movements', these are 1) Reflection, 2) Inquiry and 3) Action.

      Across the module, the Inquiry and Action movements of ⇄E are already well supported. Learners are asked to identify meaningful insights, ask questions of feedback, engage in dialogue, and develop concrete next steps through activities such as the Engagement response, the Action Plan, and the dialogue and evidence pages.

      What is less visible, but equally important, is the first movement: Reflection. This involves learners taking a brief pause to notice how feedback lands for them emotionally and cognitively, what stands out, and what those reactions might be telling them about their learning, confidence, or developing identity.

      The ‘Getting started’ section on this page already leans strongly in this direction. With a small amount of reframing or an explicit prompt, this page could more clearly signal Reflection as a deliberate and valued part of ⇄E, setting learners up to engage more intentionally with the Inquiry and Action that follow.

    1. In the last 12 months alone, 316 million women – 11% of those aged 15 or older – were subjected to physical or sexual violence by an intimate partner. Progress on reducing intimate partner violence has been painfully slow with only 0.2% annual decline over the past two decades.

      316 M women, even with 11% younger or just. 15 years old faced domenstic violence.

      physical or sexual violence --> partner

    1. 机器学习系统是由三个相互依存的组件组成的集成计算系统:指导行为的数据、学习模式的算法以及支持训练和推理的计算基础设施。

      机器学习系统首先是一套集成计算系统,主要包括数据、模型和技术设施三方面相互依存的组件。

    1. R0:

      Reviewers' comments:

      The study addresses the ongoing H5N1 panzootic, a topic of major global health concern. By focusing on zoonotic spillover and potential human-to-human transmission, it connects well to pressing pandemic preparedness questions. Here are my suggestions

      The study acknowledges asymptomatic cases but doesn’t deeply explore realistic ranges of asymptomatic infection in H5N1. Since asymptomatic carriage in humans is poorly understood, exploring a wider range of assumptions (from very low to moderate prevalence) would add robustness. Maybe authors can discuss this point

      While the UK setting is clear, the contact structures and public health response capacity differ in low- and middle-income countries where zoonotic spillover risk is high. Discussion of transferability would broaden the relevance.

      The agricultural contact data are valuable, but heterogeneity within and across communities (e.g., multi-generational households, seasonal work, market interactions) could have been discussed more fully. This heterogeneity may affect outbreak potential.

      Only contact tracing and self-isolation are modeled. In reality, outbreak management could include infection control, health care facility and capacity, movement restrictions, or culling of infected animals. Considering at least one additional intervention would make the study more comprehensive.

      The study convincingly demonstrates that early interventions like contact tracing and self-isolation can substantially reduce outbreak size when R₀ is low and symptomatic detection is reliable. However, if R₀ increases or asymptomatic transmission is significant, these interventions may not suffice. Authors can discuss this point

      For policymakers, this suggests that contact tracing and self-isolation are valuable but fragile tools—effective only under certain epidemiological conditions. Maybe authors can discuss they should be embedded in a layered response strategy including rapid diagnostics, surveillance, and (eventually) vaccines or antivirals.

      Editor comments: - Given that there is little to no evidence of human-to-human transmission for avian influenza (H5N1), is self-isolation recommended as a control measure for human cases? Additionally, is self-isolation applicable in the context of seasonal influenza as well? - Introduction section: Line number 66: However, cases without zoonotic exposure and limited human-to-human transmission have been documented. Specify the virus name. Seasonal or avian influenza. - In method: you mentioned "contact with birds". It is better to mention the name bird or poultry or chicken or turkey. The meaning of bird is different than poultry. - Does the model possess adequate capability to address avian influenza, considering the virus exhibits limited human-to-human transmissibility?

      R1:

      All comments have been addressed.

  2. courses.ecu.edu.au courses.ecu.edu.au
    1. Feedback literacy and engagement

      From a structural perspective, this module already does several things very well: • It progresses logically from awareness → classification → action → dialogue → evidence • Learners do the framework, rather than just read about it • ⇄E is given substantial weight through: • Short written responses • An action plan • Dialogue • Demonstrating improvement over time • The activities align with realistic student needs (e.g. “this week”, concrete actions, templates)

      In particular, the Analysing a variety of feedback → Engagement response → Action Plan sequence is pedagogically sound and consistent with programmatic learning.

    1. In 1488, Bartolomeu Dias rounded the Cape of Good Hope and proved a sea route to India was possible.

      This was huge, it proved a sea route to Asia was possible. Opened the way for global trade and later Portuguese dominance in the Indian Ocean. really cool!

    1. Война идет между своим и своим, собственным и собственным. Отсюда ее безжалостность. В невидимой брани со своим за свое нечего терять кроме цепей, а приобретается всё.
    1. Философия делает смерть. Фило-софии нужна смерть. Жизни смерть не нужна и она могла бы обойтись без смерти, как прокариоты, например фитопланктон синезеленые водоросли, клетки размножаются просто делением, строго говоря бессмертные существа, — жизнь подчиняясь софии подчинилась эукариотам, которые должны отдать, отделить от себя клетки, сложно, чаще даже через спаривание, обеспечить чтобы они стали в свою очередь жить, и это возрождение никогда не гарантировано, и потом жизнь, соглашаясь с этой новостью, смертью, должна помогать своим порождениям. Фило-софия подтверждает, утверждает И ПРОДОЛЖАЕТ эту стратегию софии, собственно рискованную.
    1. but moved with his family when his father was banished to Iceland.

      Being banished meant losing your home and status. It’s interesting how exile actually led to discovery.

    1. мы ошибочно описываем себя существительными (“я”, “личность”, “бабушка”), хотя точнее мы — процессы, “глаголы”: дыхание, восприятие, память, настроение, роли, реакции — постоянно меняющееся «происхождение». Автор цитирует Алана Уоттса: мы не вещи, которые ведут себя, а процессы, которые протекают. Эта подмена языка (существительные, где должны быть глаголы) подпитывает страх смерти. Если жизнь мыслится как состояние, тогда смерть кажется противоположным состоянием — как некая жуткая «комната небытия», где ты окажешься. Но автор настаивает: смерть — не состояние и не переживание, а лишь слово-ярлык (существительное), которым мы обозначаем прекращение процесса. Поэтому фраза «бабушка мёртвая» вводит в заблуждение: она заставляет искать, где теперь находится «бабушка-вещь». А если видеть бабушку как «глагол», как чудесную согласованность процессов (есть, смеяться, замечать, забывать), то смерть понимается проще: это когда всё это перестаёт происходить — как вчерашняя молния, про которую мы не спрашиваем «куда она делась». Практический эффект (в терапии): страх у клиента не исчезает магически, но меняет форму и «легчает»: вместо образа статуи, падающей в пропасть, появляется образ ветра, который просто стихает — не «уходит куда-то», а заканчивается как событие. Если изложить мысль «быть глаголом» в одной фразе: я — не объект с жёсткой сущностью, а непрерывное “делание-себя” в мире; и смерть — не место и не опыт, а конец этого “делания”.
    1. One Strategic Power-up SessionOpt out of the email reminders and implement all 9 steps in ONE jam-packed and results-driven day!

      Add a 3rd blue box with this text:

      Join the next LIVE round from January 12-31, 2026!

      Tackle the 9 steps during the LIVE experience with my support, and guest expert feedback for your website in a LIVE session! Plus: Ask your questions and get support in the LIVE Challenge Community.

    1. Potatoes are even older than corn, developed by South Americans over the period from 10,000 to 7,000 years ago, in a high-altitude plateau region of what is now Peru and Bolivia called the altiplano. Even today, markets in many remote villages still sell hundreds of potato varieties that people outside the region have never seen. South Americans bred potatoes for a wide range of uses. Because potatoes have a higher water content than grains, farmers learned to freeze-dry them for long-term storage. Potatoes would among the first “New World” products carried back to Spain by the conquistadors.

      It is very interesting that people in South America were growing many different types of potatoes 10,000 years ago. They even learned how to freeze dry them to keep them for a long time. This was long before the Spanish brought potatoes to Europe.

    1. During the nineteenth century, a period when Great Britain ran a colonial empire that included India, historians used this linguistic data to tell a story of an "Aryan Invasion" that brought the Sanskrit language and civilization to India from Iran, wh

      This comment the writer thinks the idea is interesting and connects it to something they heard before. This makes me believe they understand how people in the past saw the taming of animals. It’s not completely clear but I can see the link.

    1. Who is this challenge for?

      Add this question: How does the LIVE challenge work?

      Every Monday, Wednesday and Friday I’ll prompt you with a new lesson.

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    1. By default, Anubis may redirect to any domain

      I get the following warning on startup:

      REDIRECT_DOMAINS is not set, Anubis will only redirect to the same domain a request is coming from, see https://anubis.techaro.lol/docs/admin/configuration/redirect-domains"}

    1. Chile’s “black-sheep status” had “already made trouble for its economic recovery” due to overseas boycotts and countries refusing to trade with Santiago.

      Can note here Peron deal

    1. So, now you give the Devil the benefit of law!

      Some personal take away's,

      • This Ann lady fits perfectly into the Leftoid stereotype of someone who chases feelings and is incapable of dealing with concrete goals backed by facts and logic.
        • I bet if we do some research we can find idiots like Ann funded with lots of money that would have been better put in other peoples hands to solve the same problems.
      • There exists a caste system, the people with access to cheap debt, and normal people who deal with credit cards and mortgages. The people that sit on money, leveraged investments, that grow faster than they spend it, also known as the bourgeois. Then there is the other caste of people that have to "earn" money.
        • Giving money to the "earning" caste leads to them investing in the stock market which in turns gives money to the bourgeois caste.
      • "Housing is an informal part of what economists would call the money supply."
        • Anecdote, I went to a community trust housing project and talked to the lead organizer there. I explained how low interest rates make houses unaffordable to "earners". He had no idea what I was talking about. Lesson here is that not only do the people complaining about hosing prices have no idea why they are high but the people working in the low income housing industry have no idea why they are high either.
      • "Basically, if you have a functioning reputation network, you can sell to a buyer at point A in exchange for a letter entitling you to some of the buyer's account held at point B."
        • Contracts are the root of society, that is an axiom of some kind for designing new social systems
      • "So, now you give the Devil the benefit of law!"
        • The idea that rule of law also applies to the Devil, and therefore must be applied to every human being equally is a very strong concept that is relevant to those who want to design new social systems.
      • Without the founding of the Federal Reserve System and the american Accumulation of British and French war debt it would have been very unlikely America would have entered World War 1.
        • Central banks, their bonds, and access to cheap capital are the real reason America Entered World War 1.
        • The cheap money printer known as The Federal Reserve is why the "Military Industrial Complex" keeps running and killing the way it does
    2. In short: Businesses had large excess cash reserves, or very strong cash-flow profits. People like Michael Milken figured out how to market high-yield high-risk bonds to the general public. This enabled financial entrepreneurs to extract cash from such companies through leveraged buyouts, in three steps: The investors issue a lot of high-yield debt to buy control of a target company.Have the acquired company borrow as much as it can, and use the money to pay out dividends to cover the investors' debts.Sell the now deeply indebted company, for more than the difference between the special dividends and the original purchase price. After the brief explosion of such deals in the 1980s, this sort of private equity transaction became part of the background incentives within which US corporations function. Rare exceptions like Apple can hold onto large cash reserves; for the most part, a company that isn't already lean enough to need to roll over its debts constantly is a target for extraction. And a company that is so lean is totally dependent on the continued exception-making of the too-big-to-fail financial system and the state decisionmakers who oversee it.

      I would like to see a list of these leveraged buy outs and who did them, let's see if the AI can do it?

      https://grok.com/share/bGVnYWN5_b54d1b5b-4d00-4342-a7eb-d978645ab27e

    3. I think that as people criticizing a regime, despite the regime's terribleness, we have an epistemic obligation to provide alternatives. If I explain why your perpetual motion machine cannot work, I am not obliged to provide you with a plan for a working perpetual motion machine. If you don't know how to live your life without claiming to have plans for a perpetual motion machine, that cannot oblige me to figure out how to make your fantasy a reality.

      Wow, that's one way to deconstruct an argument, I assign one Philosopher King point to this Ben Guy who this comment alone.

    4. Explicit norms are harder to enforce in large groups (and large groups means, by normal distribution, the cleverest Goodharters will be very clever) and autists are bad at detecting implicit norm violation. With n=1 (me) this isn't just because of gaslighting, but also because language is parsed extremely literally and locally, regardless of context.

      Are you saying that Autists would make for moral Politicians?

    5. There's close enough to freedom of speech & association (especially now that cryptography's good enough) that it should be possible to build a parallel set of communication and dispute-resolution mechanisms

      Wow that's one way to describe "Blockchain"

    6. The bourgeoisie do not seem to have discovered that they were in a conflict.

      Wow this is a loaded statement,

      Who are the bourgeoisie, they are the creditors.

      What happens to creditors in a deflationary economy?

      I don't think they care they are getting their money back, but the debtors get really dam mad because it becomes harder and hard to pay back the creditors.

      Ah so it was caste warfare

      And at the end of the way Europe was off the Gold Standard

    7. In The Deluge, Adam Tooze describes American president Woodrow Wilson as seriously concerned with the correlation of default risk. If Americans held to much British and French debt, then Britain and France would be Too Big To Fail and the American government would come under pressure by American creditors to intervene if the Allies seemed in danger of losing the war; American taxpayers would ultimately pay the bill. Wilson eventually went as far as to actively discourage major US bankers like JP Morgan from helping the British and French governments sell more bonds to Americans.

      Oh selling British and French war bonds to Americas made America dependent on the British and French to win the war otherwise those Bonds would have never gotten repaid

    8. In 1913, under President Woodrow Wilson, the Federal government responded by creating a new nationally chartered banking system called the Federal Reserve System. Soon after came the first World War, and a massive expansion of Federal spending and national debt finance.

      Wait, the first world war would not have been fundable without the Federal Reserve.

      In fact since it's easy for a central bank to repay money people that loan money out are incentived to start wars for the government to spend money that has to be loaned to the government.

      Ah that's the "Military Industrial Complex" Eisenhower was talking about in his speach

      Do any "Game B" people have any solutions to this inventive problem that creates perpetual war?

    9. William Roper: So, now you give the Devil the benefit of law!Sir Thomas More: Yes! What would you do? Cut a great road through the law to get after the Devil?William Roper: Yes, I'd cut down every law in England to do that!Sir Thomas More: Oh? And when the last law was down, and the Devil turned 'round on you, where would you hide, Roper, the laws all being flat? This country is planted thick with laws, from coast to coast, Man's laws, not God's! And if you cut them down, and you're just the man to do it, do you really think you could stand upright in the winds that would blow then? Yes, I'd give the Devil benefit of law, for my own safety's sake!

      The Devil Beholden to the laws of man, now that's a sight to behold.

    10. It shows us an older type of aristocrat compatible with bourgeois ethics, being edged out by a new type compatible with the high finance of the modern state.

      Sounds like a transition from Feudal to "State Capitalist" transition going on here

    11. He responds by telling her "love is a dunghill, Betty, and I am but a cock that climbs upon it to crow," he doesn't care where she goes, and at least her son will know his father's name. She hangs herself from shame.

      Interesting scene, but why is this relevant to debt?

      Ah the caste system. This guy does not belong in the caste of leveraged low interest debt havers

    12. He was deeply in debt, and any compunctions against this unjust violence were outweighed by his shame as a debtor.

      If you put people in debt you can make them do amazing things. Do you know any other examples from history or fiction of someone pushed to do horrible things to pay off their debt?

    13. One might better describe the capitalist idea of acquisitiveness as, "whoever has the largest legally enforceable claims against the future productive capacity of others wins." Jews in particular have been making this mistake since biblical Joseph reduced Egypt to debt-slavery. Legally enforceable claims are threats, and if you're threatening a lot of people then you have a lot of enemies, which is dangerous.

      Viewing your own creditors as a threat? That's one way to look at it

    14. The Anglo-French nobility thus occupy a sort of parallel economy to the cash economy used by the English state. They can issue debt, which - as long as they've held onto their social status - might even recirculate as a sort of secondary currency. Since they are competing for position using resources that must be paid for (e.g. decorators' and caterers' bills), they are in an arms race that selects for people willing to accumulate debts.

      So the aristocrats with access to cheap debt in the Victorian era are like the Banking Corporate class now with access to cheap debt, whomever has access to cheap debt are the people of privilege

    15. Basically, if you have a functioning reputation network, you can sell to a buyer at point A in exchange for a letter entitling you to some of the buyer's account held at point B.

      And voila, Contract Law was born

    1. To717evaluate the relationship between taxonomic and phenotypic alpha diversity metrics, we performed718both linear and log-transformed linear regression analyses between ASV- and OPU-derived richness,719Shannon, and evenness values. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models were fitted for each720treatment using the statsmodels Python package (v0.14.1) (105). In the log-transformed models, both721the independent and dependent variables were transformed using the natural logarithm of one plus722the value (log1p) to accommodate zero values and improve numerical stability using Python Numpy723(v2.2.4) (106). For each model, the coefficient of determination (R²) and corresponding P value were724extracted to assess the strength and significance of the relationship.

      It would be nice to have a more comprehensive analysis of the relationship between OPU and ASV since there may be many drivers of correlation between OPU and ASV, prevalence of species being one, but also, you might have differing environmental factors diving correlation in OPU that deviates from ASV. If you could examine the correlation between OPU sets or features and environmental factors (such as organic\non-organic, or plant type) after controlling for ASV it might more directly identify aspects of biology that are driven to be similar based on growth conditions and not different species presence.

    1. uv pipコマンドは

      imo: uv pipの公式の見解もあると、後半のお勧めしない根拠になるかと思いました。

      代案

      なお、uv pip コマンドは公式では legacy workflow とされており、以下のコマンドで代替できます。

    2. で定義されています。

      imo: 定義しているのは、PEP 723 だと思います。 https://peps.python.org/pep-0723/#specification それを紹介している公式(準公式?)のサイトが提示されているサイトなのかなと思っていました。

      以下でどうでしょうか?


      PEP 723で定義され、Python Packaging User Guide」の「Inline script metadata」で紹介されています。

    3. その他のコマンド

      imo: 本文中で uv run も紹介しているので、表に追加してもいいのかなと思いました

    1. That, readers, would be less than ideal.

      conclusion- Dowd concludes that the unchecked expansion of A.I. in media and culture is dangerous and should be approached with caution or resistance.

    2. at some point, it’s like civilizational and species collapse.”

      Slippery Slope: This claim suggests an extreme outcome without fully demonstrating that intermediate steps are inevitable, which may weaken the argument’s strength.

    3. Everybody becomes alienated and nervous and unsure of their own value, and the whole thing falls apart, and at some point, it’s like civilizational and species collapse.”

      premise- This premise suggests that reliance on simulations and fakes leads to psychological and social harm, reinforcing the argument that A.I. poses risks beyond economic concerns.

    4. Sora will certainly be used by some to justify rejecting real content as fake. “Until recently,” the Times story noted, “videos were reasonably reliable as evidence of actual events, even after it became easy to edit photographs and text in realistic ways.

      Dowd concludes that widespread A.I.-generated media will undermine public trust in evidence and shared reality, especially in political contexts.

    5. “Increasingly realistic videos are more likely to lead to consequences in the real world by exacerbating conflicts, defrauding consumers, swinging elections or framing people for crimes they did not commit, experts said,”

      Dowd appeals to expert opinion to support the claim that realistic A.I.-generated media will exacerbate social conflict and misinformation.

    6. Sam Altman, the head of OpenAI, debuted his Sora app, which creates alarmingly realistic videos of fake scenes.

      Dowd introduces Sora as evidence that A.I. media can convincingly fabricate realistic videos, expanding the argument beyond Hollywood labor to the problem of misinformation and deception.

    7. All over Hollywood, actresses are cursing Tilly,

      From multiple examples, Dowd concludes that A.I. performers pose a serious threat to human actors and artistic labor in Hollywood.

    8. Norwood is A.I., and Blunt is P.O.’d. In fact, she says, she’s terrified.

      This introduces the concern that A.I. performers are perceived as a real threat by human actors. It functions as an illustrative premise that frames the argument emotionally and establishes that resistance to A.I. in Hollywood already exists among industry professionals.

    1. But while the Iran-Contra affair generated comparisons to the Watergate scandal, investigators were never able to agree that Reagan knew about the operation.

      Gives us uncertainty about Reagan’s involvement, showing how the Iran-Contra scandal raised questions about presidential accountability and oversight.

    2. Reagan’s greatest setback in the Middle East came in 1982, when he dispatched Marines to the Lebanese city of Beirut to serve as a peacekeeping force. In October 1983, a suicide bomber killed 241 Marines stationed in Beirut.

      Shows the dangers and human cost of U.S. military involvement abroad, showing that even peacekeeping missions can result in devastating casualties and political consequences.

    3. While New Deal Keynesian economics had focused on stimulating consumer demand, the Reagan administration’s supply-side economics claimed lower personal and corporate tax rates would encourage greater private investment and production.

      Shows Reagan’s belief that cutting taxes for individuals and businesses would increase investment, production, job creation, and overall economic growth.

    1. 主な引数

      imo: テーブルの方が見やすいと感じました。引数 | 説明 くらいの感じでどうでしょうか?

    1. Climate change, more than any other environmental concern, has dominated the attention of Americans in recent years (and has in many cases pushed pollution off the table, which is unfortunate). Although the idea that the planet’s climate has been adversely affected by human activity is very controversial in the media, politics, and popular culture, it is almost universally accepted by scientists.

      Shows that scientists largely agree climate change is real, even though many politicians and members of the public continue to doubt or argue against it.

    2. What would become the longest war in American history began with the launching of air and missile strikes in October 2001 against targets across Afghanistan. U.S. Special Forces joined with fighters in the anti-Taliban Northern Alliance.

      This makes us understand the length and cost of the Afghanistan war following the 9/11 attacks.

    3. At 10:28, the North Tower collapsed. In less than two hours, nearly three thousand Americans had been killed.

      This shows the unprecedented scale and shock of the September 11 terrorist attacks.

    1. strings

      Beetje verwarrend taalgebruik. Strings zijn een specifieke datatype dat gebruikt wordt in programmeercontext. Een csv-bestand slaat alle data op als tekstrepresentaties (karakters), maakt niet uit of er cijfers of datums staan. Het klopt dat bij het inlezen python automatisch er automatisch een str datatype van maakt (met de csv module), maar het is in het initiele csv bestand toch net een klein beetje anders.

    2. voorbeeld

      Zou van dit voorbeeldbestand ook een afbeelding ervan tussen de tekst gezet kunnen worden als voorbeeld van hoe het eruit hoort te zien?

    3. Een .csv-bestand is een type tekstbestand

      Goed begin, maar kan eventueel nog bij dat een csv eigenlijk een tekstbestand is met tabelvormige data. Een spreadsheet in platte tekst weliswaar. Wellicht kleine voorbeeldfoto erbij?

    1. AI language models like the kind that power ChatGPT, Gemini, and Claude excel at producing exactly this kind of believable fiction because they

      This is concerning because it shows that AI tools prioritize sounding correct over being accurate.

    2. This is a citation in a very important document for educational policy.”

      This quote shows how authority can make misinformation harder to question. When documents appear official people assume accuracy.

    3. The presence of potentially AI-generated fake citations becomes especially awkward

      The irony here is striking. A report that calls for teaching ethics and responsible AI use failing to meet those standards itself weakens the message.

    4. Many citations in this guide are fictitious,” meaning they are made-up examples used only to demonstrate proper formatting. Yet someone (or some AI chatbot) copied the fake example directly into the Education Accord report as if it were a real source.

      Wow! I had no idea and this is very good to know.

    5. AI language models like the kind that power ChatGPT, Gemini, and Claude excel at producing exactly this kind of believable fiction because they first and foremost produce plausible outputs, not accurate ones.

      Good comparison and interesting to know.

    6. When those patterns don’t align well with reality, the result is confident-sounding misinformation. Even AI models that can search the web for real sources can potentially fabricate citations, choose the wrong ones, or mischaracterize them.

      I do agree, we all make mistakes.

    1. Focusing on the learning goal supports educators to identify and reduce construct-irrelevant barriers so learners can access and engage with the construct-relevant learning goals. In other words, UDL helps educators keep desirable challenges in a learning experience and remove unnecessary barriers.

      Very Important! And I agree 100%.

    2. Emphasize identity as part of variability. Previous iterations have emphasized the remarkable variability among learners in terms of how they engage with learning (Multiple Means of Engagement, the “why” of learning), how they perceive information (Multiple Means of Representation, the “what” of learning), and how they act on and express what they know (Multiple Means of Action and Expression, the “how” of learning).

      Very important to emphasize and to keep in mind.

    3. Emphasize the value of interdependence and collective learning.

      A very good suggestion. The value of interdependence in learning is very important.

    1. Help students activate their cultural schema to access challenging content. Invite them to share where they come from, not just with you but also with each other. Value and affirm all forms of difference.

      Giving students the extra support and giving them the little push to expand more is ideal to have them share a little more.

    2. Once a week, have students meet in groups to share something they struggled with and what they learned in the process.

      This would be a good idea and beneficial for the students as well.

    3. No standardized test will provide you with quality data on these questions. Use proximity and lean-in assessment to diagnose students’ learning needs. Carry a clipboard with you while students are working, and take careful notes on what you observe.

      I agree! Using a Lean-in assessment instead of standardized testing would be more efficient.

    1. which makes it very strong and resistant to stretching

      Maybe we note that the parallel fibers provide good tensile (straight-line) strength, not very good shear (perpendicular) strength, leading to tears when perpendicular forces are applied as in many knee injuries.

    2. diffuse across during gas exchange

      A useful analogy here might be that simple squamous epithelium is similar to a screen door, letting smaller substances through but not larger ones. I then explain that we find this tissue in areas that we need exchange to occur.

    3. The sloughing off of dead cells

      Maybe a note that the deepest layer of the tissue is the only one that divides, and as cells get pushed closer to the surface they flatten out and die.

    4. it doesn’t have a blood supply

      Maybe add that this contributes to its role as a barrier, preventing infectious material from directly entering the bloodstream from the environment.

    Annotators

    1. Parenterale Antikoagulanzien können zur Hemmung der plasmatischen Blutgerinnung sowohl prophylaktisch als auch therapeutisch eingesetzt werden, z.B. zur Vermeidung und Behandlung von Thrombosen. Am häufigsten werden dabei Heparine eingesetzt, andere Medikamente kommen i.d.R. erst bei Unverträglichkeiten zum Einsatz. Neben vermehrten Blutungskomplikationen ist die gefürchtetste Nebenwirkung die seltene heparininduzierte Thrombozytopenie (HIT), bei der es Autoantikörper-vermittelt zur Aggregation von Thrombozyten mit bedrohlichen Thromboembolien kommt. Da diese Komplikation an einem starken Abfall der Thrombozyten erkannt werden kann, muss bei der sehr häufigen Verwendung von Heparin im klinischen Alltag eine Überwachung des Blutbildes erfolgen.

      Các thuốc chống đông đường tiêm có thể được sử dụng để ức chế quá trình đông máu huyết tương cả dự phòng lẫn điều trị, ví dụ nhằm phòng ngừa và điều trị huyết khối.

      Heparin là nhóm thuốc được sử dụng phổ biến nhất; các thuốc khác thường chỉ được dùng khi có không dung nạp. Bên cạnh tăng nguy cơ biến chứng chảy máu, tác dụng phụ đáng sợ nhất là giảm tiểu cầu do heparin (HIT) — một biến chứng hiếm gặp, trong đó tự kháng thể gây kết tập tiểu cầu, dẫn đến thuyên tắc huyết khối nguy hiểm. Do biến chứng này có thể được nhận biết qua sự giảm mạnh số lượng tiểu cầu, nên với việc sử dụng heparin rất thường xuyên trong thực hành lâm sàng, cần theo dõi công thức máu.

    1. .

      Do we want to mention a very brief overview of meiosis and the reasons we need it here for those students who will not move on the Advanced A&P?

    2. .

      I like to point out that Telophase effectively undoes Prophase, so that if we know what happens in Prophase we can predict what happens in Telophase (the opposite).

    1. In other words, water moves from a dilute or watery environment towards a concentrated (“saltier”) environment, commonly referred to as “water follows salt.”

      I like to point out here that this still fits the definition of passive transport because the substance that is moving (in this case, water) is moving down ITS concentration gradient.

    2. . T

      I would reemphasize here that substances move until they achieve equilibrium. This is going to set us up better for the external respiration conversation and the problems with breathing at altitude, for example.

    3. Passive transport is the movement of substances across the membrane without the use of energy. For example, when riding a bike down a hill, no energy is needed to move the bike. You can coast down the hill without pedaling the bike. This is similar to passive transport of substances across the membrane. No input of energy is required to move the substance across the membrane. Active transport is the movement of substances across the membrane using an energy molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). For example, riding a bike uphill requires energy. You have to pedal the bike to get up the hill. This is similar to active transport of substances across the membrane. Energy is also required to move the substance across the membrane.

      I much prefer to define passive transport as using energy from the environment (repulsion of like charges, for example) while active transport requires the cell to provide the energy needed for movement. If we say passive transport does not require energy, students wonder why they are moving at all. If we use environmental energy that more naturally leads to a conversation about equilibrium and how particles with like charges establish a maximum distance from each other. It also sets up the conversation for moving up or down concentration gradients.

    1. For the real datasets, quality labels were manually assigned to each spectrum based on expert evaluation

      It would be useful to include a bit about the criteria used during expert evaluation

    1. , “Can freedom of the will be proven from self-consciousness?” with a firm “No.”

      Lock IN ANSWER FOR KANT ESSAY Qsn: Does reason entail freedom? consciosuness of outer things: involves the understanding and reason

    1. efficiency, quality control, and sustainability through automation and smart controls. This approach delivers consistent product quality with minimal human intervention, leading to increased energy efficiency and reduced CO2 emissions.

      Concept idea/Specific example: lights-out bakery

    2. Bakery Intelligence is a catalyst for digital transformation in the baking industry. This suite of solutions is engineered to reduce labor, energy, and waste, thus enhancing food quality, consistency, and sustainability. It represents a significant step towards more efficient, data-driven bakery operations​​​​​​, and bakeries have much to gain by adopting digital solutions that transform traditional baking processes.

      Represents the digital transformation in the baking industry and its purpose and goal.

    3. This standardization leads to fewer errors, less downtime, easier maintenance, and simplified training, making it a platform-agnostic solution​​​​​​.

      Beneficial effects from the transition of traditional baking to technological methods.

    1. The problem is that the modern Internet relies strongly on cloud technologies, where client applications communicate with each other only via servers. It is akin to having a server between any two neurons in the nervous system, or each neuron being inside a box that decides if the signal from this neuron can go through.

      A menos que cada uno tuviera su propio servidor y los servidores centralizados fueran usados sólo para coordinar comunicaciones, como ocurre con Fossil y ocurrirá con Cardumem. Así, la centralización ofrece conveniencia pero no usa asimetría fundamental de capacidad o poder, como ocurre actualmente y servicios/protocolos de descubrimiento de servidores podrían ser implementados sobre la infraestructura cliente servidor actual, en caso de que algún servidor sea dado de baja.

    Annotators

    1. form genes

      We define what genes are made of, but never discuss their role in the body. Some reference to genes being the instructions for forming proteins is probably warranted.

    2. The unique sequence for every protein is ultimately determined by the gene that encodes the protein.

      We haven't introduced genes or their role in the body yet, so this may be a very confusing sentence. Maybe put the nucleic acid conversation before the protein conversation in this chapter in order to help define this concept before it is applied?

    3. using protein for energy causes tissue breakdown and results in body wasting

      I'm afraid that students may misinterpret this to mean that using dietary protein for energy causes body wasting. Maybe some reference to starvation, etc. to make this clearer?

    4. r g

      Nitpicky, but maybe say "blood glucose levels" instead of just glucose levels for better tie-in to future blood glucose regulation conversations.

    1. ‘Banking on Climate chaos’ - The biggest global banks continue to double down on the fossil fuel sector

      What does it actually mean when a bank “puts money into a sector”?

      Banks don’t usually give money. They finance things. That happens in a few main ways:

      1. Loans

      Banks lend money to companies. Example: An oil company wants to drill a new field → the bank gives a loan.

      If the bank says no, that project often can’t happen (or becomes much more expensive).

      1. Underwriting bonds and shares

      Big companies raise money by issuing:

      bonds (debt)

      shares (equity)

      Banks act as the middlemen who:

      design the deal

      sell it to investors

      take a fee

      If a bank refuses to underwrite a coal or oil expansion, that company loses easy access to capital markets.

      1. Project finance

      This is very direct. Banks fund specific projects like:

      coal mines

      LNG terminals

      pipelines

      No bank finance → no project.

      1. General corporate finance

      Even if money isn’t tied to a single oil well, banks provide:

      credit lines

      working capital

      refinancing

      This keeps fossil fuel companies alive and growing.

      So… can banks really choose NOT to fund fossil fuels?

      Yes. And many already do — selectively.

      Banks set internal policies, for example:

      “We will not finance new coal projects”

      “We will stop funding Arctic drilling”

      “We will only fund companies with transition plans”

      These are choices, not laws of nature.

      Then why do banks say “it’s complicated”?

      Because of three real-world pressures:

      1. Profit

      Fossil fuels still make money. Oil and gas companies are:

      large

      politically powerful

      seen as “safe” borrowers

      Banks are profit-driven institutions.

      1. Energy demand today

      The world still runs on fossil fuels. Banks argue: “If we stop financing now, energy prices spike and economies suffer.”

      There’s some truth here — but it’s also used as a convenient excuse to delay change.

      1. Competition

      If Bank A stops funding fossil fuels, Bank B might step in. So banks fear: “We’ll lose business, but emissions won’t go down.”

      This is why collective action matters — not individual PR pledges.

      So what’s the core criticism in reports like Banking on Climate Chaos?

      Not that banks should:

      shut off fossil fuels overnight

      But that they:

      publicly promise climate action

      privately fund expansion of fossil fuels

      Especially:

      new oil and gas fields

      long-life infrastructure that locks emissions in for decades

      That’s the hypocrisy the report is calling out.

    1. .

      A sentence here about how forming compounds changes how these substances interact with the body may be useful here. An example to potentially include could be that elemental sodium explodes when exposed to water, but when combined with chloride it becomes table salt and is critical to the functioning of the nervous system. There is a lot of misinformation out there claiming that some substances are dangerous to the body in all forms when they are demonstrably perfectly safe in compounded forms.

    1. nomy-oriented helpful behavior

      Support aimed at restoring the crier’s independence and competence.Examples:

      “Let’s talk through what you can do next.”

      Teaching a child how to manage frustration rather than doing the task for them

      Offering advice, reassurance, or practical strategies

      Emotional message to the crier:

      “You’re capable, and I can support you.

    1. he single bar for “All samples” shows that around half of all taxa are shared (3584), but among the remaining half many more taxa are unique to contigs (2753) than to reads (771).

      As previously discussed, it could be interesting to divide these taxa fractions into bacteria, fungi, metazoa, viruses, etc. Maybe there is a trend...

    2. The PCoA plot shows that community composition is driven mainly by between-sample differences rather than by the processing method.

      I find this quite interesting and I think maybe we should further try to understand why in some cases the similarity between contig-based & read-based tax annotation in samples is greater (points far away from each other of same sample) and in some cases it is lower (points close to each other in PCoA of the same sample). I there anyway to explain this?

      Maybe it could be also interesting to color points according to season and use instead of red and blue forms like circle and square of the same color to understand if differences between read-based and contig-based approaches are influenced by seasonality.

    1. According to my knowledge: If unemployment consistently rises month over month or spikes sharply beyond 4.4%, it could mean the economy is deteriorating, prompting you to take action, such as adjusting your portfolio.

      Waiting for confirmation on December 2025 reading.

    1. We’re bringing a social experience to Anytype by making spaces more interactive. We start with the concept of one space = one group = one chat. Then we’ll expand to include discussions on objects, enabling forum-like use cases. It will significantly improve collaborative use cases. You’ll chat and discuss your pages and files in the same end-to-end encrypted and local-first way.

      Acá hay transiciones en los siguientes cuadrantes:

      Cardumem toma una ruta alterna y más sencilla para explorar transiciones similares.

      1. Inicia por el wiki, como software documental asíncrono.
      2. Se conectará con HedgeDoc como software documetal síncrono.
      3. Se conectará con Hypothesis como software dialógico asíncrono.
      4. Implementará progresivamente funcionalidades síncronas vía sistemas hipermedia en tiempo real.

      La idea de local primero ocurrirá debido a que el servidor puede correr de manera local o remota.

    1. Upwind means on the side the wind is coming from.

      If the wind is blowing West → East

      Upwind = West side (where the wind starts)

      Downwind = East side (where the wind goes)

      So an upwind wind farm hits the wind first, creates a wake, and a downwind wind farm can receive slower/turbulent air.

    2. Wind theft = “upwind farm steals your wind” (not literally). It’s the nickname for when one wind farm sits upwind and reduces the wind energy available to another farm downwind, cutting its power output.

      Wake effect = the physics behind it. A turbine pulls energy out of the air, so behind it there’s a wake: wind is slower and more turbulent. With big offshore arrays, those wakes can merge and stretch far enough to reach other projects.

      Why you should care: power (and money) drops fast. Wind power is very sensitive to wind speed, so even “small” wake slowdowns can mean meaningful generation losses, which becomes a financing + revenue + ROI problem.

      Why it’s getting worse now. Offshore wind is scaling up and clusters are getting denser, so the chance that one project’s wake overlaps another project is rising—especially in busy seas.

      Countries/examples mentioned. The article points to UK disputes, and a cross-border example where a planned farm in Norway could impact a farm in Denmark; it also flags potential future disputes involving UK vs Netherlands/Belgium/France.

      What the “fix” looks like (not one magic lever). Better planning/spacing, better wake modelling in approvals, and clearer rules/agreements on how to handle cross-farm impacts—so projects don’t end up in endless developer vs developer fights.

    1. siendo incluso más alto que la concentración permitida en las guías de la unión europea que es de 20 mg/ml)

      para la discusión hay valor de este en MX??

    2. Para su funcionamiento, los dispositivos contienen una batería (típicamente de litio) que puede ser o no recargable, la cual proveerá de energía a un microprocesador que controla el calor y la luz de los elementos led que habitualmente indican la batería

      aqui podría ir esa imagen que menciono

    1. まとめて処理を実行し、まとめて結果を受け取るmap()メソッド

      なんとなく読みにくい気がしました

      map()メソッドでまとめて実行・結果を受け取る

      とかですかねぇ?

  3. information.serenechessur.xyz information.serenechessur.xyz
    1. La educación ocupa un lugar central en la evolución cultural de la humanidad. Todo el saber que desarrolla la humanidad sobre el mundo circundante, sobre el ser humano y el universo en general, tiene que ser transmitido a las generaciones venideras con el fin de asegurar la permanencia y la continuidad de la civilización. En este sentido, la educación es un asunto universal, porque representa una construcción social que asegura la conservación de la cultura.

      alguien que me ayude con eso