ELEMENTARY TYPING <br /> via Periscope Film #15494

Elementary Typing. 16 mm, Instructional film. Periscope Film, #15494, 1971. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7cdyoPu_ASw.<br /> running time: 00:12:06

Produced by Moreland-Latchford Productions, Ltd this informational film from 1971 titled “Elementary Typing” teaches the basics of becoming a good typist. The film features a manual Typemaster, a trade name used by Underwood as far back as the 1930s. This version of the machine featured both red and black ribbons. An electric version is seen at 9:00.

The film is broken down into different sections that focus on different elements of typing from the rhythmic beat of typing to optimal hand positioning as well as how to set up a typewriter. “Elementary Typing” is part of a larger film series related to the art of typing with other titles including “Posture and the Keyboard,” “First Step Typing,” “Machine Techniques,” and “Remedial Typing.” Advisors for the creation of the film include James Treliving Commercial Coordinator North York Board of Education, J.T. Albani East York Board of Education, Sheila Wright Etobicoke Board of Education, and Ronald Thelander Director of Audio-Visual Aids Metropolitan Separate School Board, Toronto. In addition, the film was directed by Rod Maxwell and written by Robert Browning and featured Alex Veltman as the cameraman, Carl Connell as editor, Joe Hayward as production head, and James McCormick as executive producer.

Pink illustrated typewriter on navy blue background (0:09). Outline of topics covered (0:17). A: early rhythm and reading – metronome and hands typing in the background (0:22). Aerial view of hands typing on an 197X Underwood Typemaster model typewriter (0:42). Camera pans words typed on a page (1:27). Close-up of letters being printed onto a page (1:36). Woman sitting at desk typing quickly (2:24). B: Paper Insertion – close-up of typewriter and hand setting the paper guide at the correct place on the paper table (2:35). Explanation of correct form and technique for holding and inserting paper (2:58-4:23). Explanation of paper removal (4:26). Badminton player returning various shots (4:41). Close-up of hands on the typewriter emphasizing the art of positioning (5:07). C: The Shift – explanation of the shift key (5:15-6:30). D: The Carriage Return – close-up of the device (6:32). The woman types and uses the carriage return (6:46-9:00). The Electric Typewriter – comparison between 197X Underwood Type Master manual model and Underwood 765 Type Master electric model typewriter (9:04). Difference between typing strategies (10:03). Benefits of using an electric machine (10:20). Closing credits (11:35).

World's fastest typist in typewriter - Stella Pajunas

140 wpm

Typing with a handkerchief covering the keyboard such that the handkerchief doesn't move.

The Secretary: Transcribing. 16 mm, Instructional film. Coronet Instructional Films, 1955. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L7wAJki9ec4.

Ron "Typewriter" Mingo, World's Fastest Typist

Typing letter for letter, word for word, or phrase for phrase.

Using music while typing as motivation.

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for - key insight - Buddhism - Tibetan - Clear light meditation at time of death - Tukdam - a physiological technique to get to the same place as philosophical analysis - recognizing nondual, ultimate nature of reality - from Youtube - Between Life and Death: Understanding Tukdam - John D. Dunne

reply to u/Pawps4895 at https://old.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1h1dcil/help_ink_ribbon_not_moving/

That ghosting effect you're seeing may be down to your typing technique. Computer keyboard typing technique is different than typewriter technique. If you're pressing hard and/or bottoming the keys out, you may not be getting your fingers out of the way and causing the key to double strike while you're lifting your finger up.

Instead, type as if they keys are hot lava. Strike and release them as quickly as possible and that ghosting should clear up. For more on technique, try: https://hypothes.is/users/chrisaldrich?q=tag%3A%22typing+technique%22

If that isn't the issue, is that ghosting happening on all the keys or just a few? Cleaning things out certainly couldn't hurt: https://boffosocko.com/2024/08/09/on-colloquial-advice-for-degreasing-cleaning-and-oiling-manual-typewriters/

for - evolution - work to identify non-DNA information passed down to germ line - millions of permutations - fluorescence technique applied to only a few at a time - tedious work - Denis Noble

Basic Typing: Machine Operation. 16 mm. Vol. MN-1512b, 1943. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b-REJEArnjE.

Type pacer timestamp 4:12

"Your head is the most important part of your typing." - Lenore Fenton

"Your typewriter does exactly what you make it do, but it does no more" - Lenore Fenton <br /> This is very similar to quotes about computer programs at the end of the 20th century too.

The touch characteristics for the manual, the noiseless, and the electric are all slightly different.

Basic Typing: Methods, 1943. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ztyzGit1dTI.

Typing Technique and Typewriter Design by [[Will Davis]] and [[Dave Davis]]

As early as 1932 Royal salesmen would use poor typing technique on purpose to cause skipping and piling and then use proper technique on their own machine to show how much better their typewriters were compared to the others.

Some repair and service manuals had sections about tuning a typewriter to the level of technique of the user. These may have included 5-6 specific adjustments for allowance to a particular user's technique, as an example indicated in this video.

"pounded out" - used by a heavy handed typist and now skipping (mentioned possibly in an Ames Repair Manual)

In the mid-century, the service life of a standard machine was 1-3 years of continual (heavy) use. After this it would have been remanufactured or swapped out.

String of Declaratives + Anaphora : Finally, even her mental resistance has finally gone, signalling the end of her story -- mind and body has been both subjected to Gilead.

The string of declaratives and the fact that the repetition of the anaphora "I'll" is a final show of power. She is showing her active will of submission -- not that she is forced to submit but that she is, on her own will, submitting. In this way it is not only a show of power but a transformation of Offred's fiestyness with Moira in her to her most submissive self, becoming finally a true believer.

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scalable fabrication technique - sustainable building - insulation - windows - beer hops aerogel - This fabrication process is highly scalable (Fig. 2a–c) and compatible with roll-to-roll processing, - It combines simple steps: - Moulding to define the volume of the desired hydrogel, - Solvent exchanges at modestly elevated temperatures<br /> - Rolling and drying the gels atop plastic support in rolls - step 1 - Process wood-pulp-derived cellulose nanofibres - via 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation of native cellulose25,35,36,37 - (Methods and Supplementary Fig. 3). - This process affects the surface charges associated with the carboxylate anion preclude aggregation25,30 of the nanofibres, - which form stable aqueous colloidal dispersions at varying concentrations - step 2 - Pour solution into moulds of desired shapes and sizes - (Methods and Supplementary Figs. 3 and 4) - step 3 - Adding acid interlinks these nanofibres by hydrogen bonds between the carboxyl groups, - transforming the colloidal dispersion into a hydrogel - (Supplementary Fig. 4b) - with a network of sparse nanofibres - step 4 - Exchange the fluid medium within the gel by - replacing water with isopropanol or ethanol - (Fig. 2a,b and Supplementary Fig. 4c,d), - Step 5 - Super critically dry it to form an aerogel - (Fig. 2c and Supplementary Fig. 5a–d)

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from - youtube - aerogel - Fraunhofer Institute - https://hyp.is/_JmJGhU4Ee-0tnt7qAHc_w/docdrop.org/video/llKF0a0bnhk/

Slow Motion Typing Analysis by [[Joe Van Cleave]]

Royal Quiet De Luxe - releasing keys quickly enough in terms of technique can cause skipping.

Advanced Typing - Shortcuts (1943)

Advanced Typing: Shortcuts. 16 mm. Vol. MN-1512c. United States Navy Training Film, 1943. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JUJfCfqgsX0.

Correct typing posture: fingers curved<br /> arms sloping up<br /> light fast strokes<br /> steady rhythm

fast continuous motion of return lever<br /> using backing sheet (aka temping sheet ??)

Shortcuts:<br /> mise en place for office supplies (she doesn't use this phrasing though) - greater efficiency - cuts down on searching

tabulators can be helpful. There are two types:<br /> - automatic - handset

Use tabs for paragraphs, dating letters, columns of numbers, and letter closings.

To clear all tab stops, put carriage to left, hold tab clear key and move the carriage across. (Usually applies to Royal, Remington, Underwood, and Electromatic).

On LC Smith and Woodstock machines sometimes have a tab clear lever on the back.

Decimal tabulator keys help to align a variety of numbers around a decimal point.

Always have a few tabs set to prevent a flying carriage which can be hard on the machine.

When using carbon sheets which are slightly longer than the paper size, cut off a small triangle at the top left hand side. This makes it easier for one to separate the carbons from the copies by holding the top left with one hand and pulling the carbons out from the bottom of the stack.

To align multiple sheets of paper for carbon copies, use a folded sheet at the top to taco the pages into the machine. Remove the folded sheet once the carbon pack is rolled forward.

Paper bail rollers should be set to split the pages into thirds (for two rollers).

Remington noiseless machines have a pressure indicator on the front of the machine (usually above the keyboard) which can be used when using thick carbon packs that may cause the ribbon guide to stick or bind.

Only erase when the carriage is fully left or right to prevent eraser crumbs from falling into the machine.

Use a soft eraser on carbon copies. Use and insert slips of paper behind the carbons and allowing them to stick out the sides, erasing from back sheet to front so as not to allow the eraser to mark your carbon copies. For the front sheet, use a shield and ink eraser and erase with a horizontal motion. After erasing, easily pull out the inserted sheets.

When typing a correction, tap the key lightly two or three times rather than hard once.

When in a rush and it's necessary to add a word (on double spacing), underline the last letter of the prior word and type a slash (/). Then move the typing line up and type the insertion above the prior line. This creates an "arrow" of sorts for the inserted word.

Details for inserting extra letters in misspelled words using half-spacing machines. (Underwoods and Electromatics don't have this function.)

Light pencil marks at the bottom of the sheet can help to indicate the coming bottom of the sheet.

Putting up the card holders (fingers) on Underwoods and Royals. They help to hold the card and improve print quality and reduce noise.

Card holders can cause markings on carbon packs if they're not lowered.

Trick for quickly writing postcards in succession: Disengage the ratchet using the platen spring release (or variable platen switch) Type the address on the front of the card. When done give the platen a quick practiced spin. The postcard with "jump" up and stop at the paper table and be in position for rolling in the opposite direction to write the message on the back of the card! When done a faster spin of the platen will shoot the card over the back of the typewriter where it can land in a box to collect all the postcards which were written in such a manner. <br /> timestamp 23:22

Time saving methods for addressing envelopes:

• Front seat principle. Insert the envelope in the usual way and type out the address. When done, turn the envelope down through the machine with the right hand. With the left hand, place the next envelope between the top of the first envelope and the front of the platen. Feed the first envelope back through the machine (in reverse) and the second will be rolled in to place for typing. Continue in this fashion until finished. All the finished envelopes will stack up in the back at the paper table.

• Chain feeding. The first envelope is inserted and rolled partway into the machine. A second envelope is inserted between the platen and the second envelope (behind the platen). Turn the first envelope to the writing line and type the address. Take out the first envelope and insert the next the same way as before.

• Uses paper bail. Do the first envelope in the usual way. Spin it out of the machine up and behind the paper bail into a box behind the typewriter.

For quickly doing labels or small cards:<br /> Create a small zig-zag fold into a piece of paper to create a pocket slot which can be scotch taped on either side. This template paper can then be inserted so that the pocket is visible above the writing line, but the paper below it is still in the platen. The label or card can be placed into the pocket and the platen reversed to feed the label or card in backwards to the desired typing line. Using a v-groove or hole in the typing line can create a pencil line to serve as a guide for inserting many labels at the same place so that the typing lines up between labels.

Some offices had special platens for holding cards like this.

Pockets like this can also be used to hold the page to add additional lines at the bottom of pages. Deeper pockets may need to be used for doing this with carbon packs whose carbons are longer than the pages.

Alternately one can do something similar by creating a inverted u-shaped set of slits into an index card. to hold such labels.

When in the midst of a page and needing to do another piece urgently, roll back the letter until about 2 inches from the top, and then place in the new page and one between each of the carbons. Then roll forward to do the short message as necessary. Turn back to the insertion position to remove the copies and then continue with the first letter where you left off.

For drawing horizontal lines on typewriter paper, push the carriage to the extreme left and place the pencil or pen at the edge of the card guide and the scale. Then move the carriage to the right to effect the line. For vertical lines, put the carriage at the desired space and place the pencil at the card guide and scale and move the platen up/down as necessary.

Typewriter Typing Cadence by [[Joe Van Cleave]]

potential issues relating to typing technique and the mechanical limitations of typewriters

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adjacency - between - Buddhist teachings - Four Noble Truths - life and death - mortality salience - terror management technique - adjacency relationship - The Four Noble Truths are: - the recognition of inherent suffering - the cause of suffering - understanding the cause of suffering - the cessation of suffering - and are really - a way to deal with mortality salience and therefore - a terror management technique

She made up a lot of things in the film. She fakes various voiceovers, home movies, and her grandmothers' diary. She talks about her choice of music for some scenes and the way to inform audiences about faux features. Page 9

She uses a style partly factual and partly speculative.

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Adler/Van Doren use the statement of unity of a work as an example of testing one's understanding of a work and its contents.

(Again, did this exist in the 1940 edition?)

Who do McDaniel and Donnelly 1996 cite in their work as predecessors of their idea as certainly it existed?

Examples in the literature of this same idea/method after this: - https://hypothes.is/a/TclhyMfqEeyTkQdZl43ZyA (Feynman Technique in ZK; relationship to Ahrens) - explain it to me like I'm a 5th grader - https://hypothes.is/a/BKhfvuIyEeyZj_v7eMiYcg ("People talk" in Algebra Project) - https://hypothes.is/a/m0KQSDlZEeyYFLulG9z0vw (Intellectual Life version) - https://hypothes.is/a/OyAAflm5Ee6GStMjUMCKbw (earlier version of statement in this same work) - https://hypothes.is/a/iV5MwjivEe23zyebtBagfw (Ahrens' version of elaboration citing McDaniel and Donnelly 1996, this uses both restatement and application to a situation as a means of testing understanding) - https://hypothes.is/a/B3sDhlm5Ee6wF0fRYO0OQg (Adler's version for testing understanding from his video) - https://hypothes.is/a/rh1M5vdEEeut4pOOF7OYNA (Manfred Kuenh and Luhmann's reformulating writing)

Quote for "reformulating writing"? Date? Does it predate the so-called Feynman technique?

Does this idea exist in the 1940 edition of the book?

Very similar to the advice inherent in the Feynman technique or that suggested by the research summarized by Sonke Ahrens in How to Take Smart Notes.

cross reference: - https://hypothes.is/a/iV5MwjivEe23zyebtBagfw - https://hypothes.is/a/B3sDhlm5Ee6wF0fRYO0OQg (Adler testing using statement in own words and a concrete example.)

Mortimer Adler gave oral examinations at St. Johns in which he would often ask a student to restate the ideas of writers in their own words and then ask for a concrete example of that idea. Being able to do these two things is a solid way of indicating that one fully understands an idea.

Adler and Van Doren querying each other demonstrate this once or twice in the video.

related: - https://hypothes.is/a/rh1M5vdEEeut4pOOF7OYNA - https://hypothes.is/a/iV5MwjivEe23zyebtBagfw

Where does this method sit with respect to the Feynman Technique? Does this appear in the 1940 edition of Adler's book and thus predate it all?

The music in this film is so soft, tender, and goes all over different scenes.

The director describes her choice of colors for the film.

Kayo Hatta applied documentary techniques in filming the fictional romance Picture Bride.

Yoon captures shots at the children's eye-level, employs diegetic sound, authentically representing the children's auditory experiences. The audience's attention is directed by the children's distractions, immersing them in the childlike perspective.

Infrastructure technique qui participe de la production d’un fait social (la citoyenneté)

I think this would be the best approach to help children that are slower than "normal" children. I stated earlier that the best way to help children learn is to see how they learn such as being hands on, visual, or auditory learning. Everyone doesn't learn stuff at the exact same time, it may take some people longer to understand the concept than other people. Everyone learns differently. This is important to the history of psychology because it helps us understand that children who are slower than other children can develop intelligence at their own speed. I think another reason this is important to the history of psychology is because we now understand the grade of intelligence is different for everyone, but people can build intelligence at their own progressive rate and that we can't force someone who is slower at learning to be at normal speed.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2zY7l2tzoQ

Ugh... another short mediocre introduction. Repeats the origin myth.

Seems to take a very Ahrens' based framing, but screws up a few pieces. More focus on "hub notes" and completely misses the idea of an index somehow?!?

The last section of 2+ minutes really goes off the rails and recommends converting notes from other places and muddles about "Favorite problems" (ostensibly a reference to Feynman's 12 Favorite Problems, but isn't direct about it?).

Also encourages the "Feynman technique"...

https://fs.blog/feynman-learning-technique/

Published: 2021-02-22T12:59:36+00:00

Good teachers need to have the context of the student to know what level of explanation they need to give to satisfy the curiosity of the learner. (Also a potential reason that online programmatic learning is difficult as having the appropriate context to skip portions is incredibly hard to do with computers.)

General rule of thumb: The levels of the depth of explanations provided are generally proportional to the levels of understanding achieved.

Further understanding requires additional questions, research, and work.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q8Xaw72ESdA

According to researcher Danny Hatcher, the "Feynman Technique" was coined by Scott H. Young in the August 22, 2011 YouTube video Learn Faster with The Feynman Technique and the subsequent 2022-09-01 article Learn Faster with Feynman Technique, ostensibly in a summarization of Gleick, James (1992). Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman. Pantheon Books. ISBN 0-679-40836-3. OCLC 243743850.

The frequently quoted Einstein that accompanies many instances of the Feynman Technique is also wrong and not said by Einstein.

The root Einstein quote, is apparently as follows:

that all physical theories, their mathematical expressions apart ought to lend themselves to so simple a description 'that even a child could understand them.' —Ronald W. Clark, p418 of Einstein: His Life and Times (1972)

https://youtu.be/r9idbh-U2kM?t=3544

Stefan Zweig (reference? his memoir?) apparently suggested that students translate authors as a means of becoming more intimately acquainted with their work. This is similar to restating an author in one's own words as a means of improving one's understanding. It's a lower level of processing that osculates on the idea of having a conversation with a text.

tk: track this reference down. appropriate context?

Yet another new name for a sub-type of notes, here he uses reformulation notes as a shorthand for the old advice to rewrite ideas you find in your own words. This advice is often suggested to accomplish two things: - avoid plagiarism - restatement of ideas in your own words is related to the Feynman Technique and assists one in learning and ensuring they understand the concepts

Sounds much like the Feynman technique and is quite similar to the advice of Sonke Ahrens.

The Technique of Controversy: Principles of Dynamic Logic by Boris B. Bogoslovsky https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Technique_of_Controversy/P-rgAwAAQBAJ?hl=en

What was Dewey's contribution here?

The Gospel of Technology by C. E. Ayers https://archive.org/details/americanphilosop00kall/page/24/mode/2up

Elaboration has been shown to be the most successful learning approach. (See McDaniel and Donnelly 1996) It is a two step process of being able to write about it and to use it in alternate contexts.

How is the Feynman Technique similar to/different from elaboration? It would seem to be missing the second portion.

This is one of the first times I've come across another word for part of the Feynman technique I've been looking for.

Swire-Thompson, B., Cook, J., Butler, L., Sanderson, J., Lewandowsky, S., & Ecker, U. (2021). Correction Format has a Limited Role when Debunking Misinformation. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/gwxe4

Great reference table for SC vulnerability regulation

To test one's own understanding of a topic one has read about and studied, it can be useful to discuss it or describe one's understanding to friends or colleagues in conversations. This will help you discover where the holes are based on the person's understanding and comprehension of what you've said. Can you fill in all the holes where they have questions? Are their questions your new questions which have exposed holes that need to be filled in your understanding or in the space itself.

I do this regularly in conversations with people. It makes the topics of conversation more varied and interesting and helps out your thinking at the same time. In particular I've been doing this method in Dan Allosso's book club. It's almost like trying on a new idea the way one might try on a piece of clothing to see how it fits or how one likes it for potential purchase. If an idea "fits" then continue refining it and add it to your knowledge base. These conversations also help to better link ideas in my thought space to those of what we're reading. (I wonder if others are doing these same patterns, Dan seems to, but I don't have as good a grasp on this with other participants).

Link to :<br /> - Ahren's idea of writing to expose understanding<br /> - Feynman technique<br /> - Socratic method (this is sort of side or tangential method to this) <- define this better/refine

Zachary A. Rosner et al., “The Generation Effect: Activating Broad Neural Circuits During Memory Encoding,” Cortex 49, no. 7 (July–August 2013), 1901–1909, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2012.09.009. #wanttoread

How does the "Generation Effect" tie into the Feynman technique for understanding, modality shifting for memory and understanding, and even a mild form of spaced repetition for memory?

The five step philosophy of the Algebra Project: - physical experience - pictorial representation - people talk (explain it in your own words) - feature talk (put it into proper English) - symbolic representation

"people talk" within the Algebra project is an example of the Feynman technique at work

Link this to Sonke Ahrens' method for improving understanding. Are there research links to this within their work?

Does the system really do each of these? Writing things down for our future selves is the thing that makes ideas concrete, not the system itself. Most notebooks don't reveal new associations, we actively have to do that ourselves via memory or through active search and linking within the system itself. The system may help, but it doesn't automatically create associations nor reveal them. By keeping our ideas in one place they do incubate to some extent, but isn't the real incubation taking place in a diffuse way in our minds to come out later?

...we redesigned Basecamp from scratch for version 2.0.

https://fieldnotesbrand.com/apparel/remember-it-now-tee

Field Notes, a manufacturer of notebooks, uses the credo "I'm not writing it down to remember it later, I'm writing it down to remember it now." This is an fun restatement of the idea behind the power of the Feynman technique.

Link to Ahrens' version of this idea.

https://cagrimmett.com/thoughts/2022/04/26/why-blog/

A great essay on why bog!

Sönke Ahrens outlines this broad idea of how one practices the Feynman technique for understanding using one's notes in How to Take Smart Notes, but he doesn't use the name Feynman technique. Certainly the idea of writing things down to test one's understanding predated Feynman, does anyone know of historical examples of this pattern/technique prior to Feynman? Does it have other names in the literature?

https://blog.sjm.codes/202204231657

Nothing new or earth shattering to me, but I did manage to squeeze out a few literature notes that may be useful later.

The creation of literature notes for one's zettelkasten are atomic instances of the use of the Feynman technique to test one's understanding.

Not exactly my specific framing, but I've noted this correspondence before. Glad to see others have the same perception.

Pugliese, D. (2021, September 27). Military leaders saw pandemic as unique opportunity to test propaganda on Canadians: Report. National Post. https://nationalpost.com/news/national/defence-watch/military-leaders-saw-pandemic-as-unique-opportunity-to-test-propaganda-techniques-on-canadians-forces-report-says/wcm/22733c97-39f0-4ba4-8a26-478af5e215f3

The compositional approaches mentioned here are those of Wittgenstein and Walter Benjamin.

What was Burrough's cut-up-fold-in technique?

This quote is worth looking up and checking its context. Particularly I'm interested to know if the purpose of summarizing the source is to check one's understanding of the ideas as is done in the Feynman technique, or if the purpose is a reminder summary of the piece itself?

Link to Ahrens mentions of this technique for checking understanding. (Did he use the phrase Feynman in his text?)

While students apparently have ignored the instructions in the past resulting in breaches of academic integrity, teachers can prompt active learning even during exams by prompting students to write answers to questions on open book/open notes in their own words.

Students who are given well-written, instructor-prepared notes to review after taking their own notes have been shown to learn significantly more than with only using their own notes.

These notes can provide valuable additional feedback and might also be supplemented with additional texts or books. The issue may be how to encourage students to use these resources appropriately rather than relying on them as a crutch or backstop which may encourage them not to take their own notes? It's the work of making the notes and the forced context shift that are likely creating the most benefit rather than simply reviewing over what they already know.

Link this to review effects mentioned in Ahrens versus using questions and being forced to manufacture an answer.

Susan Reynolds' paper indicates that students have positive reactions to her skeletal notes, but does her research indicate that they are measurably better?

What is the right balance of encouraging attention and participation in the process versus saving time for the students? Active work in the process is likely to be shown to work best.

Has anyone done research on actively helping students and modeling for them after a lecture experience to show them the appropriate follow up methods?

Annotating a text allows the reader to more closely interact with the ideas and take ownership of them.

unsupervised machine learning technique

Elaboration is thinking deeply about the meaning of what we've read, how it could inform or answer different questions, and how it can be linked or combined with other knowledge. It is one of the best-researched and most successful learning methods. While it seems to have some subtle differences, it sounds broadly similar to the Feynman technique and is related to the idea of writing questions based on one's notes in the Cornell note taking method.

Active reading with a pen in your hand and the creation of smart notes is a small-scale equivalent of a full introductory lecture from the perspective of Richard Feynman's technique for testing understanding.

Active reading is roughly equivalent to the idea of reading with a pen in your hand or showing evidence of a mind at play.

Searle, John R. 1983. Intentionality, an Essay in the Philosophy of Mind. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.

An alternate statement of the Feynman technique.

Again, earlier incarnations?

Literature notes could also be considered progressive summaries of what one has read. They are also a form of practicing the Feynman technique where one explains what one knows as a means of embracing an idea and better understanding it.

https://words.jamoe.org/highlight-question-and-answer/

A somewhat disingenuous reframing of the Cornell notes method. They've given it a different name potentially for marketing purposes to sell in a book. At least HQ&A is a reasonable mnemonic for what the process is.

They do highlight the value of modality shift from reading to thinking about how to formulate a question and answer as a means of learning. They don't seem to know the name or broader value of the technique however.

This question technique is also highlighted in the work of Andy Matuschak and Michael Nielsen. Cross reference: https://andymatuschak.org/prompts/ and their quantum mechanics course experiments.

One of the biggest misconceptions is that learning occurs when we skim through a book or briefly just remember enough information for a test or exam. Changing our mindset from this way of thinking is the first step in the process of utilizing the Feynman technique

Cook, J., Lewandowsky, S., & Ecker, U. K. H. (2017). Neutralizing misinformation through inoculation: Exposing misleading argumentation techniques reduces their influence. PLOS ONE, 12(5), e0175799. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0175799

Why is Jacques Ellul believable when he takes a psychological and sociological approach to understanding propaganda? Because he lived through the Nazi invasion of his own country and became a leader in resistance to the Vichy regime.

As we live in times when populist movements are outsourcing influence, capacity, and agency to authoritarian leaders who purport to be able to solve our problems, we are horrified to realize that we also have been merely following orders in the work to imagine, design, and build the fascist architecture of modern society.

The modality shift of putting ideas onto a page like this is similar to the idea behind the Feynman technique.

Track down the source of this for future use.

Related to the idea of the Feynman Technique.

The so-called Richard Feynman technique, n'cest pas?

From whom did he crib it? Did he credit them, or was it just distilled into part of the culture?

This is also similar to the rubber duck method of debugging a program in some sense.

This quote is similar and generally related to the Feynman Technique. (see: https://fs.blog/2021/02/feynman-learning-technique/) It's based apparently on quotes attributed to Feynman which include:

• "I couldn't reduce it to the freshman level. That means we really don't understand it."
• "If you can't explain it to a six year old, you don't really understand it."

Roberts, M. (n.d.). Artificial intelligence has been of little use for diagnosing covid-19. New Scientist. Retrieved 24 May 2021, from https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg25033350-100-artificial-intelligence-has-been-of-little-use-for-diagnosing-covid-19/

Taddio, A., Chambers, C. T., Halperin, S. A., Ipp, M., Lockett, D., Rieder, M. J., & Shah, V. (2009). Inadequate pain management during routine childhood immunizations: The nerve of it. Clinical Therapeutics, 31, S152–S167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.07.022

Darren Dahly on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved 1 May 2021, from https://twitter.com/statsepi/status/1385127211699691520

Can self-nudging help you make better choices? (n.d.). TODAY.Com. Retrieved June 20, 2020, from https://www.today.com/health/what-self-nudging-simple-trick-make-healthier-choices-t184571

McCabe, Stefan, Leo Torres, Timothy LaRock, Syed Arefinul Haque, Chia-Hung Yang, Harrison Hartle, and Brennan Klein. ‘Netrd: A Library for Network Reconstruction and Graph Distances’. ArXiv:2010.16019 [Physics], 29 October 2020. http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.16019.

Mori, Makoto, Harlan M. Krumholz, and Heather G. Allore. ‘Using Latent Class Analysis to Identify Hidden Clinical Phenotypes’. JAMA 324, no. 7 (18 August 2020): 700–701. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.2278.

est-elle aussi un agent moral? même si elle n’est qu’une «machine», elle est techniquement constituée par des valeurs, inscrites dans la technique (sa conception, sa mise en œuvre au sein d’une corporation multinationale)

Jagan, Mikael, Michelle S. deJonge, Olga Krylova, and David J. D. Earn. ‘Fast Estimation of Time-Varying Infectious Disease Transmission Rates’. PLOS Computational Biology 16, no. 9 (21 September 2020): e1008124. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008124.

l’ordinateur et les logiciels informatiques comme outils, utilisés par l’humain, à la fois intellectuel (maniant des idées et des concepts, interprète) et technicien (maniant des outils, un savoir-faire)

Headhunting is the process of recruiting individuals who are industry experts to fill senior positions in organizations. In this article, you will find how HR help business in Headhunting

Headhunting is a practice that involves prospecting a candidate for a specific position. using effective Headhunting techniques the hiring becomes effective.

Carrying out qualitative research under lockdown – Practical and ethical considerations. (2020, April 20). Impact of Social Sciences. https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2020/04/20/carrying-out-qualitative-research-under-lockdown-practical-and-ethical-considerations/

La maîtrise de la technique permet d’agir sur le monde. Les maîtres de la technique sont à même de pouvoir sculpter le monde (les structures sociales, les marchés, voire les institutions politiques…)

Padilla, L., Kay, M., & Hullman, J. (2020). Uncertainty Visualization [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ebd6r

Là où les piles «traditionnelles» (Wordpress, Drupal, etc.) délèguent le contenu à un tiers (une base de données, telle que MySQL), les générateurs de site statique proposent d’abstraire cette fonctionnalité à même le système de publication, sans avoir à installer un logiciel supplémentaire.

Le paradigme des fichiers en plein texte comme source de contenu m’apparaît fondamental: là où une base de données virtualise les informations, le fichier texte nativement utilisable dans n’importe quel système d’exploitation (on peut copier/coller un fichier ou un répertoire dans une interface visuelle comme l’explorateur Windows ou le Finder de MacOS, ou encore via une interface en ligne de commande).

Comme tu le soulignes, la structuration des contenus est ainsi plus facile à manipuler. Elle dépend beaucoup moins du logiciel utilisé (bien que chaque système comporte ses petites règles de formatage, comme les clés YAML/TOML/JSON).

C’est ce très bas niveau d’abstraction (que tentent paradoxalement de simuler des logiciels de haut niveau comme Wordpress ou Microsoft Word, paraboles techniques que Ted Nelson qualifie d’extrêmement pernicieuses).

la low-tech aurait donc plus à voir avec une «culture technique» que les objets techniques eux-mêmes; avec une intellectualisation de la technique plutôt qu’à son objectification.

technique et culture (au sens de l’identité d’un peuple) sont donc inextricablement liées

la machine est traitée comme une fin; l'ouvrier n'est traité que comme moyen (il faudrait que ce soit le contraire: les vies humaines sont la fin, et les machines ne sont que les moyens).

Le geste (technique) d'écriture ne peut être dissocié de celui (métaphysique?) de penser; savoir et matérialité sont inextricablement liés.

Description fine de la technique : une telle prévoyance ne peut se réaliser sans le savoir-faire de la technique!

À l’école du Bauhaus, tous les étudiants de « design » apprenaient d’abord en maniant les matériaux (bois, verre, métal…); on ne pouvait concevoir un projet sans une connaissance technique, un savoir-faire nécessaire!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4uN9JK66-vs

Le « pacte d'écriture » entre l'écrivain et de son format : le format impose des conditions d'écritures, « à l'insu » de l'utilisateur, dont les choix sont imposés par la technique (le format, les créateurs du format).