102 Matching Annotations
  1. Jan 2024
  2. Oct 2023
    1. Youmust apprehend the unity with definiteness. There is only oneway to know that you have succeeded. You must be able totell yourself or anybody else what the unity is, and in a fewwords. ( If it requires too many words, you have not seen theunity but a multiplicity. ) Do not be satisfied with "feeling theunity" that you cannot express. The reader who says, "I knowwhat it is, but I just can't say it," probably does not even foolhimself.

      Adler/Van Doren use the statement of unity of a work as an example of testing one's understanding of a work and its contents.

      (Again, did this exist in the 1940 edition?)

      Who do McDaniel and Donnelly 1996 cite in their work as predecessors of their idea as certainly it existed?


      Examples in the literature of this same idea/method after this: - https://hypothes.is/a/TclhyMfqEeyTkQdZl43ZyA (Feynman Technique in ZK; relationship to Ahrens) - explain it to me like I'm a 5th grader - https://hypothes.is/a/BKhfvuIyEeyZj_v7eMiYcg ("People talk" in Algebra Project) - https://hypothes.is/a/m0KQSDlZEeyYFLulG9z0vw (Intellectual Life version) - https://hypothes.is/a/OyAAflm5Ee6GStMjUMCKbw (earlier version of statement in this same work) - https://hypothes.is/a/iV5MwjivEe23zyebtBagfw (Ahrens' version of elaboration citing McDaniel and Donnelly 1996, this uses both restatement and application to a situation as a means of testing understanding) - https://hypothes.is/a/B3sDhlm5Ee6wF0fRYO0OQg (Adler's version for testing understanding from his video) - https://hypothes.is/a/rh1M5vdEEeut4pOOF7OYNA (Manfred Kuenh and Luhmann's reformulating writing)

  3. Sep 2023
    1. I should perhaps also note that I try, whenever possible, not to collect raw quotes or information simply copied from the Internet or from books, but to write excerpts or summaries in my own words on the basis of my reading. Luhmann called this "reformulating writing" and argued that such an approach is most important for one's own intellectual life.

      Quote for "reformulating writing"? Date? Does it predate the so-called Feynman technique?

    1. "State in your own words!" That suggests the best test we know for telling whether you have understood the proposition or propositions in the sentence.

      Does this idea exist in the 1940 edition of the book?

      Very similar to the advice inherent in the Feynman technique or that suggested by the research summarized by Sonke Ahrens in How to Take Smart Notes.

      cross reference: - https://hypothes.is/a/iV5MwjivEe23zyebtBagfw - https://hypothes.is/a/B3sDhlm5Ee6wF0fRYO0OQg (Adler testing using statement in own words and a concrete example.)

    1. I used to give oral examinations at St John's in Chicago and one of the one of the reasons why an oral examination is so much better than the written examination is the professor can never in a written examination say to the student what did you mean by these words 00:47:05 but in oral examination a student often repeats words he's read in the book and you're saying now Mr Jones what you just said is exactly what Hobbs said or what Darwin or 00:47:18 lock said now tell me in your own words what Locke or Hobbes or Darwin meant and then the student has remembered the words perfectly can't tell you in his own words no and you know he has he has noticed of the sentence right he's just 00:47:30 memorized or sometimes he actually can do it and then you say that's very good Mr Jones but now give me a concrete example of it yeah and he failed to do that guy those are the two tests I've always used to be sure the student really grasps the meaning of the key 00:47:42 sentence

      Mortimer Adler gave oral examinations at St. Johns in which he would often ask a student to restate the ideas of writers in their own words and then ask for a concrete example of that idea. Being able to do these two things is a solid way of indicating that one fully understands an idea.

      Adler and Van Doren querying each other demonstrate this once or twice in the video.

      related: - https://hypothes.is/a/rh1M5vdEEeut4pOOF7OYNA - https://hypothes.is/a/iV5MwjivEe23zyebtBagfw

      Where does this method sit with respect to the Feynman Technique? Does this appear in the 1940 edition of Adler's book and thus predate it all?

  4. Apr 2023
    1. but this time it was like the entire film, and some scenes in particular, needed extra rhythm and vitality. T

      The music in this film is so soft, tender, and goes all over different scenes.

    2. I wanted the colour pal-ette of this film to convey a cinematic reality, which is somewhat different from the actual reality. That is why we picked pastel colours with a sum-mery tone. Up to the post-production phase, my DoP Kim Ji-Hyun kept on working on colour details. Creating this special universe was the result of a true collaboration with the entire crew.

      The director describes her choice of colors for the film.

    1. Though the film ended up as a fictional romance, it drew on documentary techniques and precedents.

      Kayo Hatta applied documentary techniques in filming the fictional romance Picture Bride.

    1. Yoon places all her shots at the children’s eye-level, which results in the adults in their lives being cropped out of frame. The director only uses diegetic sound to populate neighbourhoods, with the exact sounds as the children would hear it. Plus, if the children get distracted, so does the audience.

      Yoon captures shots at the children's eye-level, employs diegetic sound, authentically representing the children's auditory experiences. The audience's attention is directed by the children's distractions, immersing them in the childlike perspective.

  5. Mar 2023
    1. Dans certains cas, les concepteurs ou constructeurs peuvent explicitement utiliser des systèmes techniques, en tant que médiateurs, leur permettant d'atteindre certains acteurs et de leur assigner des rôles particuliers. C'est ce qui se produit en Côte d'Ivoire avec le réseau électrique, dont l'implantation physique est inséparable d'un vaste mouvement d'organisation du pays sur le plan spatial, architectural, juridique... qui aboutit dans certains cas à la construction d'entités nouvelles et « modernes » telles que l'individu-citoyen.

      Infrastructure technique qui participe de la production d’un fait social (la citoyenneté)

    1. Instead of wasting energy in the vain attempt to hold mentally slow and defective children up to a level of progress which is normal to the average child, it will be wiser to take account of the inequalities of children in original endowment and to differentiate the course of study in such a way that each child will be allowed to progress at the rate which is normal to him, whether that rate be rapid or slow.

      I think this would be the best approach to help children that are slower than "normal" children. I stated earlier that the best way to help children learn is to see how they learn such as being hands on, visual, or auditory learning. Everyone doesn't learn stuff at the exact same time, it may take some people longer to understand the concept than other people. Everyone learns differently. This is important to the history of psychology because it helps us understand that children who are slower than other children can develop intelligence at their own speed. I think another reason this is important to the history of psychology is because we now understand the grade of intelligence is different for everyone, but people can build intelligence at their own progressive rate and that we can't force someone who is slower at learning to be at normal speed.

  6. Feb 2023
    1. What we ultimately should care about is being able to use our knowledge to produce something new, whatever that may be. To not merely reproduce you must understand the material. And understanding requires application, a hermeneutic principle that particularly Gadamer worked out extensively. If you really want to measure your level of understanding, you should try to apply or explain something to yourself or someone else.
    1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2zY7l2tzoQ

      Ugh... another short mediocre introduction. Repeats the origin myth.

      Seems to take a very Ahrens' based framing, but screws up a few pieces. More focus on "hub notes" and completely misses the idea of an index somehow?!?

      The last section of 2+ minutes really goes off the rails and recommends converting notes from other places and muddles about "Favorite problems" (ostensibly a reference to Feynman's 12 Favorite Problems, but isn't direct about it?).

      Also encourages the "Feynman technique"...

  7. Jan 2023
    1. “Any intelligent fool can make things bigger, more complex, and more violent. It takes a touch of genius—and a lot of courage—to move in the opposite direction.” E.F. Schumacher
    2. https://fs.blog/feynman-learning-technique/

      Published: 2021-02-22T12:59:36+00:00

  8. Dec 2022
    1. . In com-parison to Soxhlet extraction, SFE using carbon dioxide(CO2) is considered to be a green processing technique,avoiding the problem of contamination of the oil by a re-sidual solvent. Moreover, carbon dioxide is safe
    2. Focused microwave-assisted Soxhlet extraction(FMASE) has already been successfully used to extract oilfrom acorns. *is method is based on the same principles asa conventional Soxhlet extractor but is modified to facilitateaccommodation of the sample cartridge compartment in theirradiation zone of a microwave oven [23]. P ́erez-Serradillaet al. [24] mentioned that FMASE provides an advantageover conventional methods because it enables total extrac-tion of the fatty acids in 30 min, which is much less than thetime required by the Folch (4.5 h), Soxhlet (16 h), ISO (8 h)reference methods, and the stirring–extraction method(56 h). Also, it was found that the degree of unsaturation ofthe oil extracted by FMASE is significantly dependent on theextraction conditions.
    3. Soxhletextraction (SE) uses an organic solvent such as hexane andpetroleum ether which are widely applied to extract oil fromacorn [2, 12, 17, 21]. *is method is considered an efficienttechnique for over a century; the most outstanding ad-vantage of SE includes simplicity (no filtration is requiredafter the leaching step) and low energy consumption [22].Nevertheless, using a solvent is toxic and hard to be totallyeliminated, and this could result in severe contamination forthe final products
    4. Tra-ditionally, cold pressing is one of the most methods used toproduce acorn oil. *is operation can be performed in lowpressure at about 0.5 MPa [1, 14]. Generally, cold pressing ismore preferable as it required less energy than other oilextraction techniques, is environmentally friendly, and alsoleads to the short duration of the process
    1. Good teachers need to have the context of the student to know what level of explanation they need to give to satisfy the curiosity of the learner. (Also a potential reason that online programmatic learning is difficult as having the appropriate context to skip portions is incredibly hard to do with computers.)

      General rule of thumb: The levels of the depth of explanations provided are generally proportional to the levels of understanding achieved.

      Further understanding requires additional questions, research, and work.

    2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q8Xaw72ESdA

      According to researcher Danny Hatcher, the "Feynman Technique" was coined by Scott H. Young in the August 22, 2011 YouTube video Learn Faster with The Feynman Technique and the subsequent 2022-09-01 article Learn Faster with Feynman Technique, ostensibly in a summarization of Gleick, James (1992). Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman. Pantheon Books. ISBN 0-679-40836-3. OCLC 243743850.

      The frequently quoted Einstein that accompanies many instances of the Feynman Technique is also wrong and not said by Einstein.

      The root Einstein quote, is apparently as follows:

      that all physical theories, their mathematical expressions apart ought to lend themselves to so simple a description 'that even a child could understand them.' —Ronald W. Clark, p418 of Einstein: His Life and Times (1972)

    1. Duolingo or whatever French and I had this idea well basically what it reminds me of is Stefan's Vig the Austrian

      https://youtu.be/r9idbh-U2kM?t=3544

      Stefan Zweig (reference? his memoir?) apparently suggested that students translate authors as a means of becoming more intimately acquainted with their work. This is similar to restating an author in one's own words as a means of improving one's understanding. It's a lower level of processing that osculates on the idea of having a conversation with a text.

      tk: track this reference down. appropriate context?

    1. you’ll spend the beginning phases learning by readingbooks in brand new fields and noting down brand new ideas. You’ll mostlybe writing reformulation notes in this phase.

      Yet another new name for a sub-type of notes, here he uses reformulation notes as a shorthand for the old advice to rewrite ideas you find in your own words. This advice is often suggested to accomplish two things: - avoid plagiarism - restatement of ideas in your own words is related to the Feynman Technique and assists one in learning and ensuring they understand the concepts

  9. Oct 2022
    1. Be ready, as soon as you have read or heard the thing, to repeat it exactly in as far as you want to fix it in your memory. If it is a book, do not leave it without being able to sum it up and to estimate its value. Ta

      Sounds much like the Feynman technique and is quite similar to the advice of Sonke Ahrens.

    1. On this point, for instance, thebook on John Dewey's technique of thought by Bogos-lovsky, The Logic of Controversy, and C.E. Ayers' essayon the gospel of technology in Philosophy Today andTomorrow, edited by Hook and Kallen.

      The Technique of Controversy: Principles of Dynamic Logic by Boris B. Bogoslovsky https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Technique_of_Controversy/P-rgAwAAQBAJ?hl=en

      What was Dewey's contribution here?


      The Gospel of Technology by C. E. Ayers https://archive.org/details/americanphilosop00kall/page/24/mode/2up

  10. Sep 2022
    1. This is not so different from when elaboration is recommended asa “learning method.” As a method, it has been proven to be moresuccessful than any other approach (McDaniel and Donnelly 1996).

      Elaboration has been shown to be the most successful learning approach. (See McDaniel and Donnelly 1996) It is a two step process of being able to write about it and to use it in alternate contexts.

      How is the Feynman Technique similar to/different from elaboration? It would seem to be missing the second portion.

      This is one of the first times I've come across another word for part of the Feynman technique I've been looking for.

  11. Aug 2022
  12. Jun 2022
    1. When a few of his friends became interested in thetopic, he took eight minutes to progressively summarize the bestexcerpts before sharing the summarized article with them. The timethat he had spent reading and understanding a complex subject paidoff in time savings for his friends, while also giving them a newinterest to connect over.

      To test one's own understanding of a topic one has read about and studied, it can be useful to discuss it or describe one's understanding to friends or colleagues in conversations. This will help you discover where the holes are based on the person's understanding and comprehension of what you've said. Can you fill in all the holes where they have questions? Are their questions your new questions which have exposed holes that need to be filled in your understanding or in the space itself.

      I do this regularly in conversations with people. It makes the topics of conversation more varied and interesting and helps out your thinking at the same time. In particular I've been doing this method in Dan Allosso's book club. It's almost like trying on a new idea the way one might try on a piece of clothing to see how it fits or how one likes it for potential purchase. If an idea "fits" then continue refining it and add it to your knowledge base. These conversations also help to better link ideas in my thought space to those of what we're reading. (I wonder if others are doing these same patterns, Dan seems to, but I don't have as good a grasp on this with other participants).

      Link to :<br /> - Ahren's idea of writing to expose understanding<br /> - Feynman technique<br /> - Socratic method (this is sort of side or tangential method to this) <- define this better/refine

    2. First, you are much more likely to remember information you’vewritten down in your own words. Known as the “Generation Effect,”10researchers have found that when people actively generate a seriesof words, such as by speaking or writing, more parts of their brainare activated when compared to simply reading the same words.Writing things down is a way of “rehearsing” those ideas, likepracticing a dance routine or shooting hoops, which makes them farmore likely to stick.

      Zachary A. Rosner et al., “The Generation Effect: Activating Broad Neural Circuits During Memory Encoding,” Cortex 49, no. 7 (July–August 2013), 1901–1909, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2012.09.009. #wanttoread

      How does the "Generation Effect" tie into the Feynman technique for understanding, modality shifting for memory and understanding, and even a mild form of spaced repetition for memory?

    1. The Algebra Project was born.At its core, the project is a five-step philosophy of teaching that can be applied to any concept: Physical experience. Pictorial representation. People talk (explain it in your own words). Feature talk (put it into proper English). Symbolic representation.

      The five step philosophy of the Algebra Project: - physical experience - pictorial representation - people talk (explain it in your own words) - feature talk (put it into proper English) - symbolic representation


      "people talk" within the Algebra project is an example of the Feynman technique at work

      Link this to Sonke Ahrens' method for improving understanding. Are there research links to this within their work?

  13. May 2022
    1. There are four essential capabilities that we can rely on a SecondBrain to perform for us:1. Making our ideas concrete.2. Revealing new associations between ideas.3. Incubating our ideas over time.4. Sharpening our unique perspectives.

      Does the system really do each of these? Writing things down for our future selves is the thing that makes ideas concrete, not the system itself. Most notebooks don't reveal new associations, we actively have to do that ourselves via memory or through active search and linking within the system itself. The system may help, but it doesn't automatically create associations nor reveal them. By keeping our ideas in one place they do incubate to some extent, but isn't the real incubation taking place in a diffuse way in our minds to come out later?

    1. The minute we saw his frantic, hand-lettered presentation of the Field Notes credo — “I’m not writing it down to remember it later, I’m writing it down to remember it now” — we knew just what to do.

      https://fieldnotesbrand.com/apparel/remember-it-now-tee

      Field Notes, a manufacturer of notebooks, uses the credo "I'm not writing it down to remember it later, I'm writing it down to remember it now." This is an fun restatement of the idea behind the power of the Feynman technique.

      Link to Ahrens' version of this idea.

  14. Apr 2022
    1. There is, however, one thing to learn from writers that non-writers don’t always understand. Most writers don’t write to express what they think. They write to figure out what they think. Writing is a process of discovery.
    1. YOU should write blogs.Even if nobody reads them, you should write them. It's become pretty clear to me that blogging is a source of both innovation and clarity. I have many of my best ideas and insights while blogging. Struggling to express things that you're thinking or feeling helps you understand them better.
    1. Blogging is my way of pulling together into a coherent form all the stray thoughts rolling around in my mind. Writing helps me sift the good thoughts from all the bad and fit them all together in a logical pattern.
    1. One of the most interesting aspects to blogging is discourse - the idea that in order to write something you must think about it with a critical eye and that this process actually helps you clarify your thinking around it.
    1. The Zettelkasten System is a Superset of the Feynman Technique

      Sönke Ahrens outlines this broad idea of how one practices the Feynman technique for understanding using one's notes in How to Take Smart Notes, but he doesn't use the name Feynman technique. Certainly the idea of writing things down to test one's understanding predated Feynman, does anyone know of historical examples of this pattern/technique prior to Feynman? Does it have other names in the literature?

    1. https://blog.sjm.codes/202204231657

      Nothing new or earth shattering to me, but I did manage to squeeze out a few literature notes that may be useful later.

    2. Zettelkasten notes are little atomic Feynman Technique experiences.

      The creation of literature notes for one's zettelkasten are atomic instances of the use of the Feynman technique to test one's understanding.

    3. The Zettelkasten System is a Superset of the Feynman Technique

      Not exactly my specific framing, but I've noted this correspondence before. Glad to see others have the same perception.

    1. Such radical compositional approaches arecontemporaneous with the Surrealist use of montage, but predateBurrough’s cut-up-fold-in technique, and ‘put[...] the avant-gardeclaims of hyperfiction to shame’ (Krapp, 2006: 362).

      The compositional approaches mentioned here are those of Wittgenstein and Walter Benjamin.


      What was Burrough's cut-up-fold-in technique?

    1. Francis Bacon explained succinctlythat notes could be made either “by epitome or abridgement” (that is, by sum-marizing the source) or “by heads or commonplaces” (that is, by copying a pas-sage verbatim or nearly so and storing it in a notebook under a commonplaceheading for later retrieval and use). Bacon considered the latter method “of farmore profit and use,” and most note-taking advice focused on this practice of ex-cerpting.46

      This quote is worth looking up and checking its context. Particularly I'm interested to know if the purpose of summarizing the source is to check one's understanding of the ideas as is done in the Feynman technique, or if the purpose is a reminder summary of the piece itself?


      Link to Ahrens mentions of this technique for checking understanding. (Did he use the phrase Feynman in his text?)

    1. “The exam is open book and open note, but you MUST NOT work with another person while taking it,” the instructions read. “You also MUST not copy/paste anything directly from ANY source other than your own personal notes. This includes no copy/pasting from lecture slides, from the internet, or from any of the readings. All short answers must be compiled in your own words.”

      While students apparently have ignored the instructions in the past resulting in breaches of academic integrity, teachers can prompt active learning even during exams by prompting students to write answers to questions on open book/open notes in their own words.

    1. Research has shown that when we give students complete, well-written, instructor-prepared notes to review after they take their own notes, they learn significantly more than with their own notes alone (Kiewra, 1985).

      Students who are given well-written, instructor-prepared notes to review after taking their own notes have been shown to learn significantly more than with only using their own notes.

      These notes can provide valuable additional feedback and might also be supplemented with additional texts or books. The issue may be how to encourage students to use these resources appropriately rather than relying on them as a crutch or backstop which may encourage them not to take their own notes? It's the work of making the notes and the forced context shift that are likely creating the most benefit rather than simply reviewing over what they already know.


      Link this to review effects mentioned in Ahrens versus using questions and being forced to manufacture an answer.

    2. Reynolds’ students have had strong positive reactions to this style of notes and consistently attribute the notes as a key factor in their engagement and learning in the course (Reynolds & Tackie, 2016).

      Susan Reynolds' paper indicates that students have positive reactions to her skeletal notes, but does her research indicate that they are measurably better?

      What is the right balance of encouraging attention and participation in the process versus saving time for the students? Active work in the process is likely to be shown to work best.

      Has anyone done research on actively helping students and modeling for them after a lecture experience to show them the appropriate follow up methods?

  15. Feb 2022
    1. By annotating, you take ownership over the message that the book is trying to make.

      Annotating a text allows the reader to more closely interact with the ideas and take ownership of them.

    1. he best-researched and mostsuccessful learning method is elaboration. It is very similar to whatwe do when we take smart notes and combine them with others,which is the opposite of mere re-viewing (Stein et al. 1984)Elaboration means nothing other than really thinking about themeaning of what we read, how it could inform different questions andtopics and how it could be combined with other knowledge

      Elaboration is thinking deeply about the meaning of what we've read, how it could inform or answer different questions, and how it can be linked or combined with other knowledge. It is one of the best-researched and most successful learning methods. While it seems to have some subtle differences, it sounds broadly similar to the Feynman technique and is related to the idea of writing questions based on one's notes in the Cornell note taking method.

    2. Reading with a pen in yourhand is the small-scale equivalent of a lecture.

      Active reading with a pen in your hand and the creation of smart notes is a small-scale equivalent of a full introductory lecture from the perspective of Richard Feynman's technique for testing understanding.

      Active reading is roughly equivalent to the idea of reading with a pen in your hand or showing evidence of a mind at play.

    3. “If you can’t say it clearly, you don’t understand it yourself.” (JohnSearle)

      Searle, John R. 1983. Intentionality, an Essay in the Philosophy of Mind. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.

      An alternate statement of the Feynman technique.

      Again, earlier incarnations?

    4. Reading with a pen in the hand, for example, forces, us to thinkabout what we read and check upon our understanding. It is thesimplest test: We tend to think we understand what we read – untilwe try to rewrite it in our own words. By doing this, we not only get abetter sense of our ability to understand, but also increase our abilityto clearly and concisely express our understanding – which in returnhelps to grasp ideas more quickly. If we try to fool ourselves hereand write down incomprehensible words, we will detect it in the nextstep when we try to turn our literature notes into permanent notesand try to connect them with others.
    5. Make literature notes. Whenever you read something, make notesabout the content. Write down what you don’t want to forget or thinkyou might use in your own thinking or writing. Keep it very short, beextremely selective, and use your own words.

      Literature notes could also be considered progressive summaries of what one has read. They are also a form of practicing the Feynman technique where one explains what one knows as a means of embracing an idea and better understanding it.

  16. Jan 2022
    1. https://words.jamoe.org/highlight-question-and-answer/

      A somewhat disingenuous reframing of the Cornell notes method. They've given it a different name potentially for marketing purposes to sell in a book. At least HQ&A is a reasonable mnemonic for what the process is.

      They do highlight the value of modality shift from reading to thinking about how to formulate a question and answer as a means of learning. They don't seem to know the name or broader value of the technique however.

      This question technique is also highlighted in the work of Andy Matuschak and Michael Nielsen. Cross reference: https://andymatuschak.org/prompts/ and their quantum mechanics course experiments.

    1. learning doesn’t happen from skimming through a book or remembering enough to pass a test.

      One of the biggest misconceptions is that learning occurs when we skim through a book or briefly just remember enough information for a test or exam. Changing our mindset from this way of thinking is the first step in the process of utilizing the Feynman technique

  17. Oct 2021
    1. Drawing from his own experiences fighting for the French resistance against the Vichy regime, Ellul offers a unique insight into the propaganda machine.

      Why is Jacques Ellul believable when he takes a psychological and sociological approach to understanding propaganda? Because he lived through the Nazi invasion of his own country and became a leader in resistance to the Vichy regime.

      As we live in times when populist movements are outsourcing influence, capacity, and agency to authoritarian leaders who purport to be able to solve our problems, we are horrified to realize that we also have been merely following orders in the work to imagine, design, and build the fascist architecture of modern society.

  18. Sep 2021
    1. Turning a mental representation into shapes and lines on a page helped them to elucidate more fully what they already knew while revealing with ruthless rigor what they did not yet comprehend.

      The modality shift of putting ideas onto a page like this is similar to the idea behind the Feynman technique.

    1. “I never understand anything until I have written about it.” Supposedly Horace Walpole (1717-1797) wrote that, but Google can't help me pin down where he might have done so. Frankly, it doesn't sound to me like a sentence written in the eighteenth century. But it may be a useful hyperbole.

      Track down the source of this for future use.

      Related to the idea of the Feynman Technique.

    1. Another effective technique is to start your notetaking by writing a short summary of each chapter and transcribing any meaningful passages or phrases. If you are unsure how to simplify your thoughts, imagine that someone has tapped you on the shoulder and asked you to explain the chapter you just finished reading. They have never read this book and lack any idea of the subject matter. How would you explain it to them?

      The so-called Richard Feynman technique, n'cest pas?

      From whom did he crib it? Did he credit them, or was it just distilled into part of the culture?

      This is also similar to the rubber duck method of debugging a program in some sense.

  19. Jul 2021
    1. This distinction is familiar in terms of the differences be­tween being able to remember something and being able to explain it.

      This quote is similar and generally related to the Feynman Technique. (see: https://fs.blog/2021/02/feynman-learning-technique/) It's based apparently on quotes attributed to Feynman which include:

      • "I couldn't reduce it to the freshman level. That means we really don't understand it."
      • "If you can't explain it to a six year old, you don't really understand it."
  20. May 2021
    1. This approach also splits email development for modern email clients and older clients in two. You can use Safari/Chrome to test and develop modern techniques for WebKit-supported clients while using Firefox for your baseline experience for older clients like Outlook.
  21. Mar 2021
  22. Feb 2021
  23. Oct 2020
    1. Le PageRank est une machine morale.

      est-elle aussi un agent moral? même si elle n’est qu’une «machine», elle est techniquement constituée par des valeurs, inscrites dans la technique (sa conception, sa mise en œuvre au sein d’une corporation multinationale)

  24. Sep 2020
    1. Mais un bon interprète apprendra à être assisté d’un ordinateur

      l’ordinateur et les logiciels informatiques comme outils, utilisés par l’humain, à la fois intellectuel (maniant des idées et des concepts, interprète) et technicien (maniant des outils, un savoir-faire)

  25. Jul 2020
    1. What is headhunting and how does it work? Leave a Comment / Blog<img width="600" height="312" src="https://secureservercdn.net/198.71.233.106/f6m.328.myftpupload.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/What-is-headhunting-and-how-does-it-work.jpg?time=1596203277" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="What is headhunting and how does it work" itemprop="image" srcset="https://secureservercdn.net/198.71.233.106/f6m.328.myftpupload.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/What-is-headhunting-and-how-does-it-work.jpg 600w, https://secureservercdn.net/198.71.233.106/f6m.328.myftpupload.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/What-is-headhunting-and-how-does-it-work-300x156.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /> Contact Headhunting (also known as Executive Search) is the process of recruiting individuals to fill senior positions in organizations. Headhunters are individuals who are employed by an organization or enterprise to discover, vet, and the present reasonable possibility for a vocation position.They are recruited and appointed by an organization searching for top-notch ability and regularly work for a few organizations at a given time. It’s normal for headhunters to have some expertise in a field, for example, tech or showcasing.This permits them to filter through resumes to find the most ideal contender for an occupation speedier and all the more proficiently. This style of recruiting may be undertaken by an organisation’s board of directors, or HR executives, or by external executive recruitment representatives known as headhunters.Difference between Recruiters and Headhunters in the HR WorldRecruiters typically serve both candidates and clients fairly, while a headhunter is only interested in fulfilling their client’s brief. Recruiters actively try to match their existing pool of candidates to the vacant roles, sometimes regardless of sector or specific talent requirements.Headhunters would instead focus on the role first and then scout for the right candidate for their client. In the headhunting industry, specific industry knowledge of a client’s target market is far more important than in traditional recruitment. As such, headhunters are much more likely to specialize in one industry sector or sub-sector.Both recruiters and headhunters can be successful in matching candidates to jobs. Employers need to choose the best method for recruiting based on the desired result. If an employer has a hard-to-fill vacancy at a high level, or their ideal candidate is currently employed by someone else and may not actively be looking for a change, hiring a headhunter might be the best option.What are the Qualities of a Good Headhunter?Deep understanding of individual industries and job specs;The ability to spot emerging talent;Good at analyzing job profiles and identifying skills in others;Great people skills;Passion, drive, and persistence.By ethicalness of their forceful systems administration and relationship building abilities, talent headhunters today have made a specialty for themselves and are regularly looked for after.The Future of HeadhuntingIt relies upon whom you ask and, perhaps more critically, what level of official you need to enroll. On one hand are the individuals who contend that the Internet and different developments are changing the present headhunting firms and enlistment methodologies.Web vocation refers to, for example, Monster.com is moving into the official market, taking steps to contend with old-style talent scouts in a worthwhile market. High-potential up-and-comers are found, followed, and observed as they travel through their professions in different organizations.At the point when all is good and well, these individuals are offered a job. It’s difficult to contend that these patterns are not affecting official enlistment, however, it might likewise be untimely to suggest that most first-rate worldwide administrators are out of nowhere going to put their resumes on the web or permit their aptitudes to be assessed by programming.Head Hunter Can Do For CompanyHead hunting is not just about getting the top performer from another company, it is also about hunting for people with a specific set of talents to work for them.Talent skills that are not being recognized by the company that you are working with right now and another company might see a valuable potential in you. People all over the world are stuck in the situation that they are being underutilized and because of the fact that they are being underutilized and their talents are not being channeled effectively.The whole point of a resume and the list of talents is for it to get the air space that it needs. Companies who are interested in one thing, and is to get the best talents and the employees with the most potential. Usually, the headhunter will be employed to find individuals from competitor companies, poaching the top industry talent and in doing so, giving their clients a competitive advantage over one of their rivals.Within financial services, the very best employees can often help to generate millions of pounds in profits for a company.Although each person working within an executive headhunting team is needed for its success, generally speaking, the business development person receives the largest commission, while the researcher receives the smallest.Potential job candidates are selected, scrutinised for quality and put forward to the client by the headhunting firm based on a meticulous study of the job description and job specification, which would have been developed in conjunction with the client.It is common for potential candidates to be contacted directly by phone, often as a result of a recommendation from someone inside the existing network.Headhunting firms are focused on identifying quality candidates and work hard to continually update their list of contacts so, when required, they will be ready to start recruiting immediately.Talented candidates are also discovered through intense research. This might mean identifying and then contacting targeted people in specific companies who appear to fit the job profile in some logical manner.They will also use social media, such as LinkedIn, to identify candidates that have been successful in their field.Sometimes headhunters hear about potential candidates via referrals. Some of the best candidate referrals can come from individuals who would be ideal for the job themselves but are not interested in applying themselves.

      Headhunting is the process of recruiting individuals who are industry experts to fill senior positions in organizations. In this article, you will find how HR help business in Headhunting

  26. Jun 2020
    1. Effective Headhunting Techniques for Hiring Leave a Comment / Blog Contact Headhunters are individuals who are employed by an organization or enterprise to discover, vet, and present reasonable possibility for a vocation position. The headhunter’s main responsibility is to guarantee the competitor has the right range of abilities for a position and they’re frequently recruited to discover possibilities that have a one of a kind or elusive range of abilities. When in doubt, headhunters are self-employed entities or workers of an enlisting organization. They are recruited and appointed by an organization searching for top notch ability and regularly work for a few organizations at a given time. It’s normal for headhunters to have some expertise in a field, for example, tech or showcasing. Headhunting recruitment permits them to filter through resumes to find the most ideal contender for an occupation speedier and all the more proficiently. At the point when your organization needs new ability, the initial step is to begin selecting exceptionally qualified possibility for the activity. At the point when you realize how to isolate the quality goods from the refuse, it’s simpler to locate the ideal contender for your organization. Sadly, this can now and then be actually quite difficult. By what method can your specialty prevail with regards to finding the most ideal contender for your organization’s vacant positions? Here’s your bit by bit control. You can push all the extraordinary sets of expectations you need, it despite everything won’t get your image the perfect applicant except if your area of expertise knows how to scout. While trusting that up-and-comers will apply is detached, scouting is a functioning procedure that gives your group a superior possibility of finding the ideal contender for your activity. At the point when you figure out how to scout the correct way, finding the most qualified competitors is simpler than any time in recent memory. Here are five hints to help your area of expertise scout the best applicant. Have HR Gotten the Message Out With Workers To discover profoundly qualified contenders for your activity, start by tapping your current representative system. To do this, have your area of expertise spread some verbal data about the position that is open, the sort of up-and-comers you’re searching for, and the necessities for the post. With any karma, your worker system will impart the news to their certified companions with your area of expertise, which serves to bring you preferable ability over you could have in any case gotten to. On the off chance that you’d prefer to make this a stride further, think about posting updates on your accessible opening via web-based networking media. This makes it simple for your current representatives to impart the post to their certified loved ones. Your area of expertise ought to likewise make posts on LinkedIn and Twitter or head to a public exhibition, where your workers can get the message out of your situation to passers-by. Send Representatives into Your Trade Groups To enhance your scouting procedure, urge your HR division to scour the exchange bunches you take an interest in. Since you’ve just got these associations, presently is an excellent opportunity to benefit as much as possible from them. To begin, plan a portrayal of your activity and send it out to chiefs, thought pioneers and industry heads in your specialty. You may likewise decide to utilize phone systems administration to get the message out about your accessible position and get individuals intrigued. While organizing everywhere is a keen method to draw in more contender to your position, organizing inside your trade groups is exceptionally focused on method of arriving at new up-and-comers. Since trade groups draw in a quite certain gathering of individuals, they’re extraordinary spots to search for applicants with exceptional aptitudes or interests. This, thus, chops down the time you’ll spend scouting and guarantees you’ll locate a superior applicant quicker and simpler. Optimize Your Site Your site is your biggest resource, so why not use it to get the message out about your vacant position? In the event that you don’t have a Careers page, your area of expertise should work with the organization’s tech or IT group to make one at this point. In the event that you do have a Careers page, be certain it includes a compact, elegantly composed set of working responsibilities that will interest possible competitors. Recollect that there are many dry, slow sets of expectations out there, which implies you’ll do well to make yours drawing in and captivating – consider recruiting proficient journalists in the event that you need help. The more you can make your set of working responsibilities energizing, the almost certain it is you’ll draw in all around qualified, drew in, intrigued up-and-comers who will smooth out your scouting procedure and make it simpler to fill your vacant position a lot quicker. Catch Up With Intrigued Leads In the event that you have leads intrigued by your task, make certain to catch up with them in like manner. Keeping in touch with the leads who contact your organization about an occupation is a brilliant method to prop the energy up and guarantee these gifted candidates consider your to be as a drew in and dynamic business. While there are many approaches to stay in contact with intrigued up-and-comers, probably the most practical are welcoming possibility to buy into a bulletin, lining up after a meeting with email, and making a pre-programmed message that thanks intrigued contender for their applications. Guaranteeing your area of expertise is dynamic about getting the telephone and calling up-and-comers can help, too. Take advantage of Innovation There are many approaches to enroll new applicants utilizing the web. Notwithstanding making posts via web-based networking media, it’s anything but difficult to utilize the web to post positions on proficient scouting locales, merchant destinations and arranged advertisement locales. The web likewise gives a direct and smoothed out approach to check the viability of your post. In case you’re not getting the candidates you need, consider changing your methodology likewise. At the point when you outfit innovation in your scouting, it’s simpler to arrive at a more extensive choice of up-and-comers, guarantee your activity posting mirrors the quality and commitment of your organization and win yourself a situation among the positions of the most wanted managers. Being Conceivable This is a key point. When directing an official pursuit, high-esteem applicants don’t need their time squandered with theoretical openings for work. On the off chance that the selection representative doesn’t accept that the up-and-comer they’re reaching is directly for the job, in what capacity will the applicant ever trust it themselves? As selection representatives, we make it understood to every competitor we approach that they are an ideal fit. Furthermore, this isn’t simply a mystery. In light of our examination, we realize that each individual we converse with is an ideal choice for the activity. Advocating Straightforwardness We’ve all run over employments that look excessively great to be valid. This absence of genuineness, shockingly, prompts numerous up-and-comers being suspicious about jobs they’re advertised. Talent scouts get this, which is the reason they champion straightforwardness. It bodes well. You wouldn’t have any desire to be told about work that sounded intriguing however was totally unique when you discovered increasingly about it, okay? Since talent scouts are specialists in your industry, they are well prepared to introduce openings for work obviously and answer any inquiries precisely. This gives the competitor certainty and guarantees the enrollment procedure is a smooth one.

      Headhunting is a practice that involves prospecting a candidate for a specific position. using effective Headhunting techniques the hiring becomes effective.

    1. façonné le monde numérique à leur image

      La maîtrise de la technique permet d’agir sur le monde. Les maîtres de la technique sont à même de pouvoir sculpter le monde (les structures sociales, les marchés, voire les institutions politiques…)

  27. May 2020
    1. sans les contraintes d’une base de données

      Là où les piles «traditionnelles» (Wordpress, Drupal, etc.) délèguent le contenu à un tiers (une base de données, telle que MySQL), les générateurs de site statique proposent d’abstraire cette fonctionnalité à même le système de publication, sans avoir à installer un logiciel supplémentaire.

      Le paradigme des fichiers en plein texte comme source de contenu m’apparaît fondamental: là où une base de données virtualise les informations, le fichier texte nativement utilisable dans n’importe quel système d’exploitation (on peut copier/coller un fichier ou un répertoire dans une interface visuelle comme l’explorateur Windows ou le Finder de MacOS, ou encore via une interface en ligne de commande).

      Comme tu le soulignes, la structuration des contenus est ainsi plus facile à manipuler. Elle dépend beaucoup moins du logiciel utilisé (bien que chaque système comporte ses petites règles de formatage, comme les clés YAML/TOML/JSON).

      C’est ce très bas niveau d’abstraction (que tentent paradoxalement de simuler des logiciels de haut niveau comme Wordpress ou Microsoft Word, paraboles techniques que Ted Nelson qualifie d’extrêmement pernicieuses).

  28. Apr 2020
    1. produire de nouvelles cultures techniques

      la low-tech aurait donc plus à voir avec une «culture technique» que les objets techniques eux-mêmes; avec une intellectualisation de la technique plutôt qu’à son objectification.

    2. la destruction de savoirs techniques permettait aussi de faire disparaître certains pratiques sociales, religieuses et culturelles

      technique et culture (au sens de l’identité d’un peuple) sont donc inextricablement liées

    3. l’aliénation d’ouvriers à des machines n’est pas lié à la machine elle-même, mais au fait que l’on dissimule son mode de fonctionnement à l’ouvrier

      la machine est traitée comme une fin; l'ouvrier n'est traité que comme moyen (il faudrait que ce soit le contraire: les vies humaines sont la fin, et les machines ne sont que les moyens).

    4. ce n’est pas la “technique” en elle-même qui “déshumanise”2, mais la façon dont on crée des objets et des dispositifs techniques
  29. Mar 2020
    1. Qui peut m’aider si j’ai un problème technique ? Il est possible de solliciter l’aide des professeurs référents pour les usages du numérique. S’il s’agit de problèmes plus techniques, il faut se rapprocher de l’équipe de direction qui saura faire appel aux services compétents. En effet, dans chaque académie, un dispositif d’assistance et de conseil est mis à disposition. Cette cellule académique peut elle-même s’appuyer sur une cellule nationale.
  30. Nov 2019
    1. Il prescrivait de tailler des planchettes dans le fil du bois, afin qu’interposées entre la maçonnerie et les poutres qui s’y appuient, elles empêchassent l’humidité de s’élever dans les fibres, et bue, de les pourrir.

      Description fine de la technique : une telle prévoyance ne peut se réaliser sans le savoir-faire de la technique!

      À l’école du Bauhaus, tous les étudiants de « design » apprenaient d’abord en maniant les matériaux (bois, verre, métal…); on ne pouvait concevoir un projet sans une connaissance technique, un savoir-faire nécessaire!

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4uN9JK66-vs

    1. Les formats sont le plus souvent invisibles : nos actions suffisent en général à mobiliser ceux qui nous servent. Ils sont en fait trop souvent invisibles : le choix est fait « à notre insu », sans qu’aient toujours été pesées les contraintes à respecter en fonction de l’usage à faire du document en question, maintenant et plus tard.

      Le « pacte d'écriture » entre l'écrivain et de son format : le format impose des conditions d'écritures, « à l'insu » de l'utilisateur, dont les choix sont imposés par la technique (le format, les créateurs du format).

  31. Oct 2019
    1. pen

      Or, "with pen that has no ink." Gregory puns on the meaning of μέλαν, which could mean either "ink" or "stain."

    2. Νήπιος, ὅστις ἄνακτα

      Note the repetition of both first half lines 1–2 in lines 3–4.

  32. Sep 2019
    1. gestes philosophiques

      les «conditions matérielles» de production de la pensée ne sont autre chose que la technique, que les sciences du design (ou philosophie du design) ont pour objet d'étude.

      La technique est en soi un «geste philosophique»; la technique en soi possède un contenu de connaissance qui est intégré à elle; autrement dit, la technique, c'est de la connaissance (un «produit du savoir»).

  33. Sep 2018
  34. Sep 2017
    1. Elizabeth, as we have seen, understands marriage as progressive, parallel to and inextricable from internal growth; Charlotte, by contrast, regards her internal narrative of growth and her social life as a single and then married woman as two separate strands: people are as likely to grow apart as grow together

      Moe reiterates her main argument towards the end of her article to pick up momentum and emphasize her thoughts.

  35. Oct 2013
    1. The second is how to set these facts out in language.

      organization and arrangement, placing of emphasis, us of technique to derive desired affect