https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trap_street

non-existent towns and streets used to trap plagiarists

Relation to Genius.com's trap of Google on music lyrics

Résumé de la vidéo [00:00:00][^1^][1] - [01:05:19][^2^][2]:

Ce webinaire explore le WISC-V, en mettant l'accent sur la capacité attentionnelle et les processus de résolution. Les intervenants, Delphine Bachelier et George Cogier, partagent leurs expertises en neuropsychologie et en évaluation psychologique des enfants et adolescents.

Moments forts: + [00:00:00][^3^][3] Introduction et accueil * Présentation des intervenants * Objectifs du webinaire * Informations sur l'enregistrement et les questions + [00:01:30][^4^][4] Présentation de Delphine Bachelier * Spécialisation en neuropsychologie * Ouvrages co-écrits sur le WISC-V * Exploration des capacités attentionnelles + [00:04:02][^5^][5] Présentation de George Cogier * Processus de résolution au cube * Importance des indices dans le WISC-V * Stratégies de résolution globale et analytique + [00:14:12][^6^][6] Exploration des capacités attentionnelles * Modèles théoriques de l'attention * Manifestations des troubles attentionnels * Analyse des résultats du WISC-V + [00:44:02][^7^][7] Questions et réponses * Réponses aux questions des participants * Discussion sur l'hétérogénéité du QI * Annonce des prochains webinaires

J'espère que cela vous aide! Y a-t-il autre chose que vous aimeriez savoir?

Hachette Book Group, Inc. v. Internet Archive (23-1260)

Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit

via Recap archive: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/67801014/hachette-book-group-inc-v-internet-archive/?order_by=desc

This appeal presents the following question: Is it “fair use” for a nonprofit organization to scan copyright-protected print books in their entirety, and distribute those digital copies online, in full, for free, subject to a one-to-one owned-to-loaned ratio between its print copies and the digital copies it makes available at any given time, all without authorization from the copyright-holding publishers or authors? Applying the relevant provisions of the Copyright Act as well as binding Supreme Court and Second Circuit precedent, we conclude the answer is no. We therefore AFFIRM.

Hachette Book Group, Inc. v. Internet Archive Appeal Oral Argument Second Circuit (88 min audio)

by United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit

Der Europäische Menschenrechtsgerichtshof hat in seinem Urteil zur Klage der Schweizer Klimaseniorinnen zum ersten Mal ein Menschenrecht auf Klimaschutz festgestellt. Der Spruch des Gerichts, der den Schweizer Staat wegen seiner unzureichenden Klimapolitik verurteilt, dürfte Präzedenzcharakter haben. Zwei weitere Klagen wurden aus formalen Gründen abgewiesen. https://www.handelsblatt.com/politik/deutschland/urteil-europaeischver-gerichtshof-staaten-verletzen-mit-klimapolitik-die-menschenrechte/100029553.html

Ein amerikanisches Berufungsgericht hat auf Verlangen der US-Regierung eine wichtige Klimaklage von Jugendlichen abgewiesen. Die Biden-Administration wird für ihre Haltung scharf kritisiert, die klagenden setzen noch auf eine Änderung der Position des Präsidenten selbst. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/may/02/youth-climate-lawsuit-juliana-appeals-court

Cohen, Rachel M. “What the Supreme Court Case on Tent Encampments Could Mean for Homeless People.” Vox, April 21, 2024. https://www.vox.com/scotus/24123323/grants-pass-scotus-supreme-court-homeless-tent-encampments.

I'm surprised to see this stance from Gavin Newsom... though California probably faces a higher level of homelessness than most states as a result of its weather.

Does it though? What are the rates of homelessness as a percentage of population per state? What do the overall numbers look like for CA as a percentage of the total?

Hachette Book Group, Inc. v. Internet Archive (23-1260) Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit

REPLY BRIEF, on behalf of Appellant Internet Archive, filed 04/19/2024

https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/67801014/hachette-book-group-inc-v-internet-archive/

https://ali.org/news/articles/three-generations-no-imbeciles/

"But twins have a special claim upon our attention; it is, that their history affords means of distinguishing between the effects of tendencies received at birth, and of those that were imposed by the special circumstances of their after lives."

Ce webinaire présente les principes et les méthodes d’interprétation des indices du WISC-V, un test d’intelligence pour les enfants de 6 à 16 ans. Il aborde les notions de validité, d’homogénéité, de comparaison et de signification des indices, ainsi que les outils et les critères pour analyser les résultats. Il propose une démarche d’interprétation qui prend en compte les observations cliniques, le contexte et les besoins de l’enfant.

Greek plays are either tragedies or comedies. There is a much deeper meaning to them than just entertaining the public. Keeping this in mind when reading the stories gives them a much deeper meaning.(https://www.worldhistory.org/Greek_Theatre/) To know the full extent of what they were really meant for is important to the readers. For this specific play, the meaning behind the story is that the men in charge are operating from an excessively limited perspective as they ignore their partners' informed advice. This is a huge political controversy to this day. Women are very overlooked in society especially considering how far back this is dated. Back when this play was written women were given tasks like cooking and cleaning and had little to no rights so this was a good political example of how they were treated and overlooked.

Krishna is the incarnation of Vishnu. He's supposed to be the embodiment of a godlike character and hold many powerful qualities. He has many different character types he portrays in this story and is extremely accomplished. He urges the reader in a way to think about reincarnation which is obviously a big part of his character. "The place of the infinite spirit" (line 851) Krishna fits a representation of love, duty, honor and self control. Learning what type of character type Krishna is this early on is important to keep in mind as the story is read. If the reader doesn't understand the true depth of his character the story may not be as powerful. He shows many attributes of a fully developed character that knows the true power of who they are. In HIndu culture, a character like Krishna is all powerful but also shows a variety of character traits that make him a very admirable character.

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In dem bisher umfassendsten Klimaprozess klagen 6 portugiesische Kinder und junge Menschen vor dem Europäischen Menschenrechts-Gerichtshof gegen 32 Nationen, um sie zu einer schnellen Senkung ihrer Emissionen zu zwingen. Sie haben inzwischen erreicht, dass ein Hearing vor der Grand Jury des Gerichtshofs stattfand. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/14/young-people-to-take-32-european-countries-to-court-over-climate-policies

https://www.dropbox.com/home/public%20files%20-%20do%20not%20delete?preview=Nettles%2C+Granf+-+1997+-+The+Chord+Scale+Theory+%26+Jazz+Harmony.pdf

The Chord-Scale Theory and Jazz Harmomny Netles & Graf 1997 (not searchable)

blues progressions - p 101

Definition of corralled is "gather together and confine."

Definition of akin is "of similar nature or character."

He wanted to show his courage allowed him to keep going towards his goals, He pushed himself making him writing his own his own poem even though he was being doubted.

This is explaining how his life was getting hated and loved at the same time, everyone that he knew doubted him on his life growing up.

• Title
  • Big Oil v the World Series 1 03 Delay
• Author
  • BBC

• Title
  • Big Oil v the World Series 1 02 Doubt
• Author BBC

• Title
  • Big Oil v the World Series 1 01 Denial
• Author BBC

在妊娠31 ~ 85天期间，通过鼻内注射猪巨细胞病毒(PCMV)感染了6头血清学阴性的母猪。4只小鼠感染后14 ~ 25 d出现发热性厌食和嗜睡，35 d内间接免疫荧光(IIF)抗体滴度均显著升高。从2头母猪生前的鼻腔和/或宫颈拭子和死后的肺巨噬细胞培养中检出病毒

在足月时，母猪被杀死，它们的胎儿被剖腹产。

木乃伊和死产胎儿的数量从之前6胎的4/63增加到现在6胎的18/60。43例活产胎儿中有9例在隔离器中饲养长达6周，但大多数在出生当天被杀死以进行检查。从6窝4窝的16头仔猪中分离出病毒;

肺、肝多发，脾、肾、脑、鼻黏膜多发。 未哺乳日龄猪的IIF滴度不显著，与是否排出病毒无关。饲养的5只先天性排泄体均在7 d内死亡，4只滴母均无死亡。其中2头仔猪与先天性感染猪有过接触，经17日和27日鼻拭子检出病毒，提示其产后感染。到第42天，IIF滴度上升到1/256。

The bridge of “Confirmation” (mm. 17–24) features two four-bar phrases with ii7 –V7 tonicizations of the IV and ≤VI key areas. The chord–scale relationship for the bridge in Figure 18.4 includes a different selection of modes: Dorian, Mixolydian, and Ionian for Cmin7–F7–B≤Maj7, and Dorian, Altered, and Lydian for E≤min7–A≤7–D≤Maj7. Tonal and contextual considerations are particularly evident with the choice of Altered mode in m. 22, which accommodates notes from the tonic key and prepares the arrival of FMaj7 in m. 25. The last A section (mm. 25–32) features a much bolder selection of modes. The choices of A Altered in m. 26 and F Locrian in m. 28 are particularly poignant. The former injects chromatic notes into the structure of dominant 7th chord. The choice of F Locrian over Cmin7–F7 in m. 28 might seem out of place because neither chord (at least not in the present form) establishes a convincing relationship with this mode. But, the F Locrian mode forms a chord–scale relationship with F7(≤9≥9)sus, which is an effective harmonic substitution for Cmin7–F7. While the selection of modes in Figure 18.4 is overcrowded with different options, an improvisation may focus on only a few modes. In fact, each A section contains a selection of modes that could be implemented in the course of an entire solo. In establishing a successful chord–scale relationship for the tune, be mindful of three important con- siderations: (1) modal hierarchy, (2) chromatic treatment, and (3) voice leading. Chromatic modes, for instance, contain notes that might need preparation. This preparation usually takes place anywhere from one beat to one measure before the chromatic notes occur. The succession of modes in mm. 5–6—B≤ Mixolydian and D Mixolydian ≤13—illustrates such a case. The latter mode contains the chromatic ≤13th that was introduced as ≤7th of B≤7 in m. 5. “CONFIRMATION” 239

An article recommended to me by Dalton V. that he thought I'd enjoy and appreciate. Looks like AlignmentForum is one of those "online Rationalist communities" (like LessWrong, SlateStarCodex, etc.).

The blog post "The Waluigi Effect" by Cleo Nardo touches on a variety of interesting topics:

• the Waluigi effect
• Simulator Theory
• Derrida's "there is no outside text"
• RLHF (Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback) and potential limits

subjective good / subjective relativity

https://www.baoholaodongtot.com/nep-xay-dung/item/565-thanh-v-luoi-nep-bo-goc-duong-thach-cao-v20

https://www.baoholaodongtot.com/nep-xay-dung/item/566-thanh-v-luoi-30x30x2200mm

quote

Google is like the Catholic Church both as organizers of information and society<br /> Just as the Catholic Church used funding from the masses to employ most of the smartest and talented to its own needs and mission from 500-1000 AD, Google has used advertising technology to collect people and employed them to their own needs. For one, the root was religion and the other technology, but both were organizing people and information for their own needs.

Who/what organization will succeed them? What will its goals and ethics entail?

(originally written 2022-12-11)

James I, James V of Scotland and James VI (and I of England) all spoke and wrote Scots.

Du Bois uses such descriptive words that it is easy to visualize a classroom full of a variation of children.

It is easy to visualize a classroom that was neglected for years and is currently running on a low budget (borrowed and recycled materials/furniture).

This description provides me with a visual of racial segregation occurring.

very easy to visualize a classroom with a low budget made of old materials.

Very descriptive detail of the people which gives you a very easy guide to follow

Moved on to a bigger school and left the small area

could be terminology to describe to the reader that the students are poor

It seems like it was somewhat already set up for leaning

Almost seems like reversed rolls for the time

There was an obvious separation between the two

The lay hill represented life to the author while dale represented death.

The author uses good descriptive words that allows for me to easily visualize each of the characters being described.

I can visualize a very scarce and not well taken care of classroom with room for very few students.

I can visualize a bright blue sunny sky with vast hills and farmhouses spread out then a tiny little school sitting alone.

This gives me a visual of a sports team working so hard for years and finally almost reaching their full potential and then their coach leaves and a new one comes in and scratches all the plays and sets they have been working on for years.

He wants to make them equal by allowing them to move up in the world instead of hopelessly wanting to be equal

If people do not know their leader very well, it is not common that they may just blindly hand over their trust to someone

People could have been very jealous of not only the work he was doing and was being successful at, but possibly the fame that he was gaining on the way

V: It seems like he was incredibly prepared for what he wanted to propose and change which I think made him such a great leader and activist . I think that people can really pick up on if their leader is strong or not and if they are not they may be less inclinded to follow them

V: He worked to create not only people being equal too, but I imagine that he wanted to create the mindset that people are equal too

I can visualize a man holding a master key that symbolizes his education in industrial development that opens every door in a hallway and each one represents a different career. The foundation is industrial development and once you learn that there are so many options for you because you have learned the basis of everything.

When reading this I am imagining a strong arm winding up and smacking a firm wall with a sledgehammer hard enough to break apart the wall. This visualization allows me to understand the purpose of this part of the quote, that hard work and consistency can create change/make a difference.

I can visualize a strong arm banging a sledgehammer into a wall to show that hard work can truly make a difference.

X causes Y. Seems simple, but what the opposition wants is to create doubt with the word "causes", thus taking advantage of scientific method's careful and controlled use of the difference between causation and correlation. All of these groups have turned scientific method's greatest strength back on itself. There is a big difference between doubt and skepticism.

https://www.houstonchronicle.com/projects/2022/roe-opinion-annotated/

An interesting example of visual user interface of highlights and marginalia on a news site to help tell and report on a story.

So, conversely babies of color, those in poverty will be helped most by Supreme Court Decision? 🤔

https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/19/19-1392/192957/20210920133840569_19-1392%20bsac%20Historians.pdf

https://theconversation.com/abortion-has-been-common-in-the-us-since-the-18th-century-and-debate-over-it-started-soon-after-182496

by Treva B. Lindsey, Professor of Women's, Gender and Sexuality Studies, The Ohio State University

"Maude's Dilemma", the first of a two-part episode about the title character Maude's decision to have an abortion, aired on November 14, 1972 just two months before the landmark Supreme Court ruling in Roe v. Wade.

Supreme Court Justice Samuel Alito has written in a leaked draft opinion of Dobs v. Jackson Women's Health that "The inescapable conclusion is that a right to abortion is not deeply rooted in the Nation's history and traditions."

However, historians have shown that in fact it was so deeply rooted in in early America that Benjamin Franklin, one of the founding fathers of the country actively inserted medical advice about abortion into a widely read and popular primer on math and reading.

https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1522544272481861635.html

Lots of fodder here for science fiction writers over the coming decades...

It's very likely that the decision on Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization would have been released late in the typical cycle. The leak of this document prior to the midterm elections may have some profound effects on the election cycle.

But didn't they also criticize the original decision because they felt that there were better and stronger arguments in favor of maintaining the right?

https://www.npr.org/2022/05/01/1095813226/connecticut-abortion-bill-roe-v-wade

Russia’s Sputnik V Covid vaccine gaining acceptance in Europe. (2021, March 10). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/mar/10/russias-sputnik-v-covid-vaccine-gaining-acceptance-in-europe

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rhgwIhB58PA

Learning styles have been debunked.

Learning styles: V.A.R.K. model originated by Neil Flemiing stands for:

• visual
• auditory
• reading/writing
• kinesthetic

References:

Pashler, H., McDaniel, M., Rohrer, D., & Bjork, R. (2008). Learning styles: Concepts and evidence. Psychological science in the public interest, 9(3), 105-119. — https://ve42.co/Pashler2008

Willingham, D. T., Hughes, E. M., & Dobolyi, D. G. (2015). The scientific status of learning styles theories. Teaching of Psychology, 42(3), 266-271. — https://ve42.co/Willingham

Massa, L. J., & Mayer, R. E. (2006). Testing the ATI hypothesis: Should multimedia instruction accommodate verbalizer-visualizer cognitive style?. Learning and Individual Differences, 16(4), 321-335. — https://ve42.co/Massa2006

Riener, C., & Willingham, D. (2010). The myth of learning styles. Change: The magazine of higher learning, 42(5), 32-35.— https://ve42.co/Riener2010

Husmann, P. R., & O'Loughlin, V. D. (2019). Another nail in the coffin for learning styles? Disparities among undergraduate anatomy students’ study strategies, class performance, and reported VARK learning styles. Anatomical sciences education, 12(1), 6-19. — https://ve42.co/Husmann2019

Snider, V. E., & Roehl, R. (2007). Teachers’ beliefs about pedagogy and related issues. Psychology in the Schools, 44, 873–886. doi:10.1002/pits.20272 — https://ve42.co/Snider2007

Fleming, N., & Baume, D. (2006). Learning Styles Again: VARKing up the right tree!. Educational developments, 7(4), 4. — https://ve42.co/Fleming2006

Rogowsky, B. A., Calhoun, B. M., & Tallal, P. (2015). Matching learning style to instructional method: Effects on comprehension. Journal of educational psychology, 107(1), 64. — https://ve42.co/Rogowskyetal

Coffield, Frank; Moseley, David; Hall, Elaine; Ecclestone, Kathryn (2004). — https://ve42.co/Coffield2004

Furey, W. (2020). THE STUBBORN MYTH OF LEARNING STYLES. Education Next, 20(3), 8-13. — https://ve42.co/Furey2020

Dunn, R., Beaudry, J. S., & Klavas, A. (2002). Survey of research on learning styles. California Journal of Science Education II (2). — https://ve42.co/Dunn2002

The Culture of Resentment Revisited. (2021, March 11). EU vs DISINFORMATION. https://euvsdisinfo.eu/the-culture-of-resentment-revisited/

WHO voices concerns over Sputnik V Covid vaccine plant. (2021, June 23). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/jun/23/who-voices-concerns-over-sputnik-v-covid-vaccine-plant

Russian vaccine’s hot streak is sputtering. (2021, May 12). POLITICO. https://www.politico.eu/article/russia-sputnik-coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-hot-steak/

@DFRLab. (2021, May 13). Official Twitter account of Sputnik V manipulates information to target Western COVID-19 vaccines. Medium. https://medium.com/dfrlab/official-twitter-account-of-sputnik-v-manipulates-information-to-target-western-covid-19-vaccines-c1a13dac580d

Germany, Russia and the Sputnik V vaccine—A tale of soft power | Germany| News and in-depth reporting from Berlin and beyond | DW | 06.05.2021. (n.d.). Retrieved May 13, 2021, from https://www.dw.com/en/germany-russia-and-the-sputnik-v-vaccine-a-tale-of-soft-power/a-57453387?maca=en-Twitter-sharing

Moutinho, S., WadmanApr. 30, M., 2021, & Pm, 5:40. (2021, April 30). Is Russia’s COVID-19 vaccine safe? Brazil’s veto of Sputnik V sparks lawsuit threat and confusion. Science | AAAS. https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2021/04/russias-covid-19-vaccine-safe-brazils-veto-sputnik-v-sparks-lawsuit-threat-and

Shimabukuro, Tom T., Shin Y. Kim, Tanya R. Myers, Pedro L. Moro, Titilope Oduyebo, Lakshmi Panagiotakopoulos, Paige L. Marquez, et al. ‘Preliminary Findings of MRNA Covid-19 Vaccine Safety in Pregnant Persons’. New England Journal of Medicine 0, no. 0 (21 April 2021): null. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2104983.

the ability to produce an abundance of offspring or new growth; fertility. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZEiqZWw5vYs

En muchas de las ocasiones los seres humanos estamos sujetos a las actividades que otros hacen para guiarnos o quizá imitar comportamientos. Es por ello que existen una cantidad e prohibiciones de copiado para evitar la repetición de contenidos..

Henley. J. (2020) Doubts over Russian Covid vaccine doses delay rollout in Slovakia. The Guardian. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/07/doubts-over-russian-covid-vaccine-doses-delay-rollout-in-slovakia

This sentence caught my eye because it seems like an obvious solution to reduce the amount of e-waste and materials used to create new products. It is upsetting to see that many people resort to being wasteful and using up the world's resources at such a quick rate before thinking about reusing and remodeling what we have already created.

Budapest, D. M. in. (n.d.). Hungary buys Sputnik vaccines for 1m people, saying EU has been ‘too slow.’ The Irish Times. Retrieved March 1, 2021, from https://www.irishtimes.com/business/health-pharma/hungary-buys-sputnik-vaccines-for-1m-people-saying-eu-has-been-too-slow-1.4465272

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, February 12). RT @NatureNews: The science behind how and when to give vaccines doses. Https://t.co/S75TXESOG9 [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1360489348223893505

Thompson, B., Baker, N., & Ledford, H. (2021). Coronapod: Is mixing COVID vaccines a good idea? Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-00390-8

Here I believe the author is correct. Now a days everyone tends to stay within their own race groups. I believe this happens because if you find people with your similarities and same thinking you feel safe and comfortable. Most people do not want to feel left out when they are set in a place with everyone who is alike to one another except for them. Hence making us seem very less diverse because all we want is to fit in and feel comfortable.- Rebecca V

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zl75r4MJtic

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zl75r4MJtic

Guo, L., Boocock, J., Tome, J. M., Chandrasekaran, S., Hilt, E. E., Zhang, Y., Sathe, L., Li, X., Luo, C., Kosuri, S., Shendure, J. A., Arboleda, V. A., Flint, J., Eskin, E., Garner, O. B., Yang, S., Bloom, J. S., Kruglyak, L., & Yin, Y. (2020). Rapid cost-effective viral genome sequencing by V-seq. BioRxiv, 2020.08.15.252510. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.15.252510

I remember having to take a computer science course in high school/middle school, but it mainly focused on developing digital skills instead of digital literacies

nodoCOVID19_metaciencia

By this stage you would have been lamenting this disastrous assignment.

It started out an quick and easy regurgitation to help a mate that only needed a few omissions and some unbalanced assertions and some of the cheaper of the available background paragraphs.

And now you were hearing this year's winner would reinvest her cash prize into a community initiative. It wasn't what you signed up for.

Where was the sinister, evil ingredient to be included in one line to top off your pre-written story?

This statement reminds me of when I took an anthropology class here at Lander and our professor showed us a documentary about Julia Roberts living with a Mongolian nomad family for days to learn about and live their culture. The link I have attached is just one part of the documentary. Here she is learning about the Mongolian's relationship with wild horses.

The article talks about how prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination has a correlation, but can happen separately. I do believe that this is true. You can be prejudice, stereotypical and discriminate towards others and not be aware. You see this happen a lot in this society. This are the people that see no wrong in there behavior and thinks society is suppose to keep accepting there behavior. Times have change from the 70's to now.

I think in today's society a lot of people struggle with gender stereotypes and their identity. Society is set up to believe that the man is masculine and the women is feminine, and that if those traits are switched, then it's wrong. It's hard teaching a child about gender stereotypes because you don't want your child to feel as though he or she can not do certain things, but it happens which "may or may not" cause a crisis with their gender identity. You want the child to explore their options but in this case a lot of parents may not agree because they don't want to cause confusion. According to the article gender stereotypes, or the beliefs and expectations people hold about the typical characteristics, preferences,and behaviors of men and women. A person’s gender identity refers to their psychological sense of being male or female.

This strikes me as a key distinction between postmodernism and posthumanism. Postmodernism can be thought of as post-utopian, while posthumanism works toward an affirmative, generative future. I don't know if posthumanism is utopian, per se, but it doesn't seem to be dystopic in the way that postmodernism often is.

Since the story was written in 1954, Clarke was probably anticipating the Harvard Mark V. The Mark IV machine was developed in 1952 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Mark_IV) while the Mark V was built in 1960 (http://museum.ipsj.or.jp/en/computer/dawn/0034.html) so Clarke was 6 years ahead of his time.

Moción de censura queda recogida en el Art 113 de la CE, y es un instrumento que tiene el congreso de los diputados para obligar al presidente del gobierno a dimitir, dicho con otras palabras, sirve para que el congreso de los diputados cambie el poder ejecutivo, (presidente del gobierno y resto del gobierno incluido ministros y vicepresidentes. La finalidad de la Moción de censura, es enjuiciar políticamente por parte del congreso de los diputados, la actuación del gobierno, exigiendo responsabilidad política al mismo y procediendo a una sustitución sin nueva convocatoria electoral. Se conoce como Moción de censura constructiva porque la retirada de la confianza lleva aparejada la investidura de un nuevo candidato. La moción de censura debe ser firmada al menos por 1/10 de los diputados, debe incluir los motivos que la sustentan y el candidato a presidir el gobierno que proponen (este no tiene que ser miembro de la cámara y debe haber aceptado previamente). En el procedimiento de la moción de censura, regulado en los Artículos 113.1, 113.2, 113.3 de la CE, expone que, la Moción de censura , deberá ser propuesta al menos por la décima parte de los diputados y hay que incluir un candidato a la presidencia del gobierno ( art 113.2 de CE) , además a la hora previamente anunciada, se vota la moción, y debe a ver transcurrido al menos 5 días desde su presentación en el registro de la cámara y en los dos primeros días de dicho plazo podrán presentarse mociones alternativas (Art 113.3 de CE). La votación es pública por llamamiento, es decir, se pronuncia el nombre de cada diputado y desde su escaño responde, si, no o abstención. Para prosperar necesita el apoyo de la mayoría absoluta de la cámara, al menos de 176 diputados, Si se aprueba una Moción de censura el congreso retira la confianza al presidente del gobierno actual y el candidato incluido en ella se considera investido presidente a los efectos previstos en el (Art 99 de CE), el primero presentará su dimisión y el segundo será nombrado por el rey (Art 114.2 de CE). Si el presidente del gobierno no prospera, mantiene la confianza de la cámara y los firmantes de la moción rechazada no podrán presentar otra moción en el mismo período de sesiones (Art 113.4 de CE).

La disolución del Parlamento no es otra cosa que la decisión por la que se pone fin anticipado a este órgano representativo. Éste proceso es recogido en el artículo 115 de la CE (Constitución española), en el título quinto (De las relaciones entre el Gobierno y las Cortes Generales).

La moción de censura la podemos ver reflejada en el Título V "De las relaciones entre el Gobierno y las Cortes Generales", de la Constitución Española de 1978, concretamente en el artículo 113, donde podemos encontrar 4 apartados. Es un artículo donde se valora la actuación del Gobierno. Dependiendo de si triunfa o no dicha moción, habrá unas consecuencias u otras. Un ejemplo de moción de censura que podemos tomar, puede ser la ocurrida entre mayo y junio de 2018, donde Mariano Rajoy tuvo que dimitir, ya que triunfó la moción de censura que realizó Pedro Sánchez, siendo este último el actual presidente del Gobierno de España.

DISOLUCIÓN ANTICIPADA DE LAS CÁMARAS Cuya finalidad es reforzar la mayoría parlamentaria del gobierno a base de una nueva elección electoral. La iniciativa es que el Presidente tenga deliberación con el Consejo de Ministros. Sus aspectos son : 1 Que el decreto este firmado por el Rey y refrendado por el Presidente. art 64 2 Debe de haber una convocatoria electoral. art 68 3 Puede afectar a una o las dos Cámaras. Título III. Sus límites son: -No puede haber una disolución anticipada mediante una moción de censura. art 113. -No puede haber una nueva disolución sin haber pasado un año del anterior. art 115 y art 99 -No puede haber disolución en los supuestos del art.116.

Es un mecanismo jurídico que representa la contrapartida de la moción de censura: la posibilidad de disolver anticipadamente el parlamento y convocar nuevas elecciones. Para ello, el Presidente del Gobierno podrá proponer, bajo su exclusiva responsabilidad, la disolución del Congreso, del Senado o de las Cortes generales. Dicha disolución será decretada por el Rey y en ella se fijará la fecha de las elecciones. El protagonista de la disolución es el Presidente del Gobierno, no pudiéndose negar el Rey a firmar el decreto. El texto constitucional establece que no podrá presentarse propuesta de disolución anticipada del parlamento cuando esté en trámite una moción de censura. Disuelto el parlamento, desaparece el mandato parlamentario de sus miembros, salvo el de los que formen parte de las Diputaciones permanentes de las cámaras. La disolución anticipada de las cámaras aparece en la Constitución Española en el artículo 115, en el que muestra lo siguiente: El Presidente del Gobierno, previa deliberación del Consejo de Ministros, y bajo su exclusiva responsabilidad, podrá proponer la disolución del Congreso, del Senado o de las Cortes Generales, que será decretada por el Rey. El decreto de disolución fijará la fecha de las elecciones. La propuesta de disolución no podrá presentarse cuando esté en trámite una moción de censura. No procederá nueva disolución antes de que transcurra un año desde la anterior, salvo lo dispuesto en el artículo 99, apartado 5.