Addressed audience

Creates a timeline in his writing where he goes from being a young kid->an adult growing older->reminiscing about being that young kid again as he's unable to keep up which lots of people, especially older adults can understand

Loops back to memories of his youth when he was just a kid excited to play, making another connection with the addressed audience

Bringing up a memory of being a young child and aspiring to become successful in what they love which can create a connection with the addressed audience

Comment by onewheeljoe: This question seems like it should be more specific to disciplines. What is annotation in the legal world? How about for scientists? For beginning readers?

If I'm annotating a text to make meaning, that's different than if I'm a prof annotating a historical text to provide relevant background. The two notes have only their "noteness" in common, I'd say.

Don't rush languages, it really infuriates people if you do that.

Human-centered design aims to prioritize the needs of their target audience, in this instance that is children under the age of 10.

• for: academic communication - need to translate to lay audience, science communication - need to translate to lay audience

The colloquial use of the word "ain't" here very specifically pegs James Bruce, the author, as writing his argument for an audience of Christians in the Southern part of the United States. It's even more stark as most of his review is of a broadly scholarly nature where the word "ain't" or others of its register would never be used.

How does the shift in translation really negate room for Jesus? If it was a truism that it stood for Jesus, then couldn't one just as simply re-translate the New Testament to make sure that the space for him is still there? Small shifts in meaning and translation shouldn't undermine the support for Jesus so easily as Bruce suggests, otherwise there are terrible problems with these underpinnings of Christianity.

If one follows Bruce's general logic, then there's a hell of a religion based on Nostradamus' work we're all going out of our way to ignore.

What would historical linguistics have to say about this translation?

10:50 prioritising education (attracting one’s own audience)

This definition common "to all" presupposes an audience here, thus different cultures with different viewpoints are very likely to have radically different philosophies.

5 -- Assess Audience Expectations

In many other versions, the rapunzel vegetable is referred to as rampion or lettuce. Rapunzel stories often incorporate cultural references that are familiar and relevant to their target audience. These references can include traditions, customs, folklore, or popular cultural icons that resonate with specific cultural or regional contexts. By doing so, the adaptations make the story more relatable and enhance the audience's connection to the narrative. It means that Rapunzel is a timeless tale that allows for changes in cultural signifiers but that doesn't change that Rapunzel has remained consistent in nuances and general story progression that it is its own genre.

5 -- Assess Audience Expectations

While reimagining Rapunzel for contemporary consumption, it's imperative to use a distinct style tailored to each intended reader group. For instance, younger audiences require lighthearted, easy-to-follow language that speaks directly to their level of comprehension whilst ensuring an enjoyable experience without confusion. In contrast, mature readers may enjoy a more elaborate expression using advanced literary techniques and intricate dramatization techniques synonymous with different variations of Rapunzel.

This has a higher rate of capturing your audience's attention, especially during presentations (which most videos are). If your audience is not paying attention to what you're saying, they can always view it.

A fascinating combination of office furniture types in 1906!

The Adjustable Table Company of Grand Rapids, Michigan manufactured a combination table for both telephones and index cards. It was designed as an accessory to be stood next to one's desk to accommodate a telephone at the beginning of the telephone era and also served as storage for one's card index.

Given the broad business-based use of the card index at the time and the newness of the telephone, this piece of furniture likely was not designed as an early proto-rolodex, though it certainly could have been (and very well may have likely been) used as such in practice.

I totally want one of these as a side table for my couch/reading chair for both storing index cards and as a temporary writing surface while reading!

This could also be an early precursor to Twitter!

Folks have certainly mentioned other incarnations: - annotations in books (person to self), - postcards (person to person), - the telegraph (person to person and possibly to others by personal communication or newspaper distribution)

but this is the first version of short note user interface for both creation, storage, and distribution by means of electrical transmission (via telephone) with a bigger network (still person to person, but with potential for easy/cheap distribution to more than a single person)

Some useful and solid advice here.

developers first API first

NYT and NYT online are well-respected left-center publications. They are known for their factual reporting and variety of topics. The NYT op-eds are known to lean a little more left than NYT news, mostly due to editorial topic selection. This leads me to believe that the intended audience is the average American, particularly those with a left lean. The author writes in relatively simple terms that are easily read by the audience.

Massive social media networks using algorithmic feeds and other programmatic and centralizing methods to interpose themselves between people trying to reach each other, often in ways which allow them to extract additional value from the participants. They become necessary platforms which create chokepoints for flows of information which Cory Doctorow and Rebecca Giblin call "chokepoint capitalism".

Note that he explicitly calls out that his is an adapted version of a preexisting thing--namely a system that was taught to Ryan Holiday who was taught by Robert Greene.

Presumably there is both some economic and street cred value for the author/influencer in claiming his precedents.

It's worth noting that he mentions other famous users, though only the smallest fraction of them with emphasis up front on his teachers whose audience he shares financially.

Perhaps in large part because of his narrow local audience of amateur historians, Goutor's detailing of note taking method included several pages on early research preparation before taking any notes at all. Some of this was to ensure that extant potential materials for one's subject actually existed, in cases where a researcher might run into issues of availability. It also took into account the public audiences they might be serving and what those audiences would expect in terms of level of detail, resources, photos, maps, charts, etc. (p 9-11)

This is in marked contrast with the broader audiences of writers like Eco and Ahrens who presumed either extended research needs for either masters or Ph.D. theses, or, in Ahrens' case, life long researchers at universities or journalists, though Eco did make a nod in this direction at the end of his work. With a broader area of applicability, one's collection of notes might also help to guide their particular interests into a variety of tangential or related areas. Goutor either didn't see this longer term value, or curtailed his efforts here because of the scope of his audience.

Originality has three dimensions: new sources, new arguments, and/or new audiences.

Originality has many facets including:<br /> - new arguments - new sources - new audiences

What other facets may exist? Think about communication theory to explore this.

I particularly like the new audiences aspect as there are dramatically different audiences for different pieces. (Eg: academic articles, newspapers, magazines, books, blog posts, social media, etc.) A plethora of audiences may be needed to reach the right audiences.

Compare this with Terry Tao's list of mathematical talents which includes communication.

This is something she is trying to prove and explain to the audience throughout the entire address.

I like the tacit nod that writing isn't the only possible output.

The explicit audience for this book.

The broad audiences for this book.

This may have been better place in the introduction to draw these people in.

Referring to Audience

Owning your audience is key here.

Part of the question about the ordering of posts on a website comes down first to what the actual content is. Is it posts, pages, articles about particular topics, short notes?

Most blogs typically default to a particular time ordered display, but also provide search and archives for content by topical headings (tags/categories) as well. Digital gardens and wikis are set up with no particular hierarchies and one is encouraged to wander. Most social media notes and photos are created in a time only order.

There aren't enough online zettelkasten yet to look at what that might entail, though affordances there are likely to be similar to that of digital gardens which let you pick out something via keyword and then follow links from one thing to the next.

These are interesting questions for publishers as much as they are from anticipating what one's intended or imagined audience might be looking for.

The historian in me always wants to look back at how this sort of media control has played out historically, so thinking about examples like William Randolph Hearst, Henry Luce, David Sarnoff, Axel Springer, Kerry Packer, or Rupert Murdoch across newspapers, radio, television, etc. might be interesting. See also: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_proprietor

Tim Wu's The Master Switch is pretty accessible in this area.

On the intercultural front, the language (very careful public relations and "corporate speak") used in this leaked audio file of the most recent Twitter All Hands phone call might be fascinating and an interesting primary source for some of the questions you might be looking at on such an assignment. https://peertube.dk/w/2q8cdKR1mTCW7RyMQhcBEx

Who are the multiple audiences (acknowledged and unacknowledged) being addressed? (esp. as they address leaks of information in the call.)

This opening paragraph doesn't sound like a typical research paper. It shows me that the author is addressing a more casual audience--maybe college students rather than their professors.

Ton has asked some good questions about social annotation using @Hypothes_is. I've annotated with some of my ideas. I'm also curious what others' practices look like.

https://twitter.com/ton_zylstra/status/1513219186524368896

Come give your answers in the margins: https://via.hypothes.is/https://www.zylstra.org/blog/2022/04/three-questions-about-annotating-in-hypothesis/

syndication links: - twitter - zylstra.org

To a great extent, Hypothes.is has such a small footprint of users (in comparison to massive platforms like Twitter, Facebook, etc.) that it's never been a performative platform for me. As a design choice they have specifically kept their social media functionalities very sparse, so one also doesn't generally encounter the toxic elements that are rampant in other locations. This helps immensely. I might likely change my tune if it were ever to hit larger scales or experienced the Eternal September effect.

Beyond this, I mostly endeavor to write things for later re-use. As a result I'm trying to write as clearly as possible in full sentences and explain things as best I can so that my future self doesn't need to do heavy work or lifting to recreate the context or do heavy editing. Writing notes in public and knowing that others might read these ideas does hold my feet to the fire in this respect. Half-formed thoughts are often shaky and unclear both to me and to others and really do no one any good. In personal experience they also tend not to be revisited and revised or revised as well as I would have done the first time around (in public or otherwise).

Occasionally I'll be in a rush reading something and not have time for more detailed notes in which case I'll do my best to get the broad gist knowing that later in the day or at least within the week, I'll revisit the notes in my own spaces and heavily elaborate on them. I've been endeavoring to stay away from this bad habit though as it's just kicking the can down the road and not getting the work done that I ultimately want to have. Usually when I'm being fast/lazy, my notes will revert to highlighting and tagging sections of material that are straightforward facts that I'll only be reframing into my own words at a later date for reuse. If it's an original though or comment or link to something important, I'll go all in and put in the actual work right now. Doing it later has generally been a recipe for disaster in my experience.

There have been a few instances where a half-formed thought does get seen and called out. Or it's a thought which I have significantly more personal context for and that is only reflected in the body of my other notes, but isn't apparent in the public version. Usually these provide some additional insight which I hadn't had that makes the overall enterprise more interesting. Here's a recent example, albeit on a private document, but which I think still has enough context to be reasonably clear: https://hypothes.is/a/vmmw4KPmEeyvf7NWphRiMw

There may also be infrequent articles online which are heavily annotated and which I'm excerpting ideas to be reused later. In these cases I may highlight and rewrite them in my own words for later use in a piece, but I'll make them private or put them in a private group as they don't add any value to the original article or potential conversation though they do add significant value to my collection as "literature notes" for immediate reuse somewhere in the future. On broadly unannotated documents, I'll leave these literature notes public as a means of modeling the practice for others, though without the suggestion of how they would be (re-)used for.

All this being said, I will very rarely annotate things privately or in a private group if they're of a very sensitive cultural nature or personal in manner. My current set up with Hypothesidian still allows me to import these notes into Obsidian with my API key. In practice these tend to be incredibly rare for me and may only occur a handful of times in a year.

Generally my intention is that ultimately all of my notes get published in something in a final form somewhere, so I'm really only frontloading the work into the notes now to make the writing/editing process easier later.

Each highlighted statement expresses political talking points aligned to induce trump-like support.

Trump introduced new marketing and strategy, formulated using concepts and metrics mastered by Reality TV and Hollywood and then paired with advertising propaganda and "selling" techniques to create a "Brand". This is after-all Donald Trump, this is what he does, has done and is the only way he has found to make money. Trump built the "brand" (just barely) while teetering on self destruction.

His charismatic persona became "the glue" that allowed creative narratives to stick to certain types of people in-spite of risk. Trump learned OTJ how to capture a specific type of audience.

The mistake people make about Trump is assuming his audience to be "Joe Six-Pack", redneck's with limited education! This assumption does not have merit on its own.<br /> * There is a common "follower" theme among his audience that is exploited by those who: * Bought the "licensing rights" to the master-class Trump "how-to" course.

The ultimate value of newsletters is their more direct connection to a specific niche audience for which they curate news or content. The value they provide readers is as a filter of their area with some some useful analysis and perspective.

Fischer, O., Jeitziner, L., & Wulff, D. U. (2021). Affect in science communication: A data-driven analysis of TED talks. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/28yc5

https://privatter.net/u/ChrisAldrich

John Donne is known to be a "coterie poet" who wrote poems for small groups of people of his acquaintance. The strategy of reading the poem might vary according to the audience. The tone and voice used to read it to Anne More(Donne's beloved wife) would differ from how it was read in front of his friends and patrons.

Possible Tones

• Exuberant
• Introspective
• Philosophical

she's talking to herself

Thaker, J., & Richardson, L. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccine Segments in Australia: An Audience Segmentation Analysis to Improve Vaccine Uptake [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/y85nm

Found on Wiley Journals Audience: Wiley Open Access journals are supported by a network of authoritative journals and societies as well as internationally renowned editorial board members. All research articles published in Wiley Open Access journals are immediately freely available to read, download and share. Wiley Open Access publishes a number of online journals across biological, chemical and health sciences.

provoking discussion on where audience puts faith/belief/investment in the future (digital / NTF or physical.

https://theoatmeal.com/comics/reaching_people_2021

Is this also because they have inherently different audiences?

This is much better than simply building a brand or a platform.

Using their platform to build your own platform apparently isn't kosher any more?

via Jeremy Felt

This could be an interesting plugin for limiting audience on parts of posts.

This is a strongly worded sentence with an almost angry tone. This kind of intense diction would most likely appeal to most Americans in the audience as well as law enforcement and politicians since the justice system is integral to their lives.

This word filibuster is talked throughout the essay and how it is an impedance to enacting a law or right quickly. The author senses that the person reading this article is educated about political terms and therefore does not feel a need to clarify the term. Also, using previous knowledge, filibusters are one example of what the Congress uses to drag on the bill without coming to a solution. Therefore, the readers are aware that the author is taking a criticizing perspective on either the Congress or parts of the congress.

rare to see "internet" used to mean an internetwork in the general sense

I assume this gets search traffic because people hope/assume that since there's a React "material-ui" that there might already be a "svelte-material-ui" port/adaptation available. So they search for exactly that (like I did). That and being the first to create that something (with that name).

Ryan Holiday's Ego is the Enemy . . . and use links to give us more info . . .

A fascinating viewpoint on social media, journalism, and information. There are some great implied questions for web designers hiding in here.

the audience are people.

I recommend moving this out of the principles module. This is deep into application territory. These activities only seem relevant to people who engage in scholarly publishing. We have defined our audience more broadly than that.

Our audience as we have defined it includes people who don't have a CV.

Our audience as we have defined it includes people with no background in statistics.

Need more explanation for a general audience.

Figurative language like this is not recommended when writing for a global audience where English is often not the first language.

I recommend moving this outcome to another part of the MOOC. This outcome is more applied than would typically be included in a principles course. Also, this objective is not relevant to the entire broad audience we have defined for Module 1.

Add alt-text to images to make them accessible to people using screen readers.

Do we want to make this assumption about the audience?

The language is technical so the audience should have similar background with the author's to understand the content.

Technical language is another factor as the audience is professional and industry-focused.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5NGFDnJKiKA

Another relatable anecdote that connects Barry to his audience by admitting that he will be nice and complement someone in order to get what he wants, a common human act.

The audience is people living in Florida, made obvious by Barry's direct acknowledgement of his readers as "Floridians" (Barry). The pronoun "we" is used by Barry to connect himself to his audience and provide validity to his portrayal of Floridians due to the fact that he too lives in Florida.

Uses humor to keep his audience grateful for what they have as parents and grandparents instead of focusing on time and age

Rleates to audience of parents.

These questions are relatable to many elderly people, and further connects Barry to his audience by understanding and acknowledging their struggles.

Because Barry uses the word "us," it can be concluded that his audience is older people, primarily grandparents.

Barry describes the children to build a connection with the audience by relating to them with the hilariously true descriptions of his young grandchildren. Therefore, it can be discerned that the audience is parents and grandparents.

References to atruggles and descriptions that adults can relate to further supports that the audience is adults, specifically parents and grandparents.

Barry reveals that soccer dads don't entirely support their girls at games out of total selflessness, they also do it because they love being able to spend time with their daughters and other supportive parents. This is an idea that most dads of children who play sports can relate to. Barry takes this moment to add a bit more emotion and depth to his article, which reveals his own struggle with seeing his daughter grow up, ending his time as a soccer dad.

Barry presents soccer dads as necessities to any soccer team, but provides a funny and simple example in order to remain light and not get too deep and emotional. This stays in line with Barry's method of discussing meaningful or serious things in a humorous way to keep the audience happy and entertained versus depressed or emotional.

Barry is trying to relate to his audience, make all soccer parents feel included in his message.

Barry uses his daughter as an example of how some children can be overly cautious and may need help getting out of their comfort zone, but he portrays this idea in a more humorous way to lighten the seriousness of his message. This helps the audience accept what he is saying while not feeling depressed or hopeless about it.

Barry develops a sort of hyperbole effect by making his position as a parent on the sidelines sound more important and arduous than it really is. This humor is poking fun at soccer parents, but also builds an understanding between Barry and his audience.

Readers can predict that Barry will write to soccer parents in a relatable and understanding way. Barry also can be considered biased on the subject since he is a soccer dad, and may advocate more strongly for their recognition and support.

Barry introduces this article by acknowledging Father's Day, which reveals that this article is written for dads and their children, specifically children who play soccer. The basic subject is soccer dads.

Topics consist mostly of politics and pop culture. Who does this target for the audience?