via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dryden

John Dryden apparently coined the English word 'biography' in his 1683 edition of Plutarch's Lives.

Does the OED bear this out?

for - ontological shift - from totalizing neoliberalism - to spiral logic - Post Capitalist Philanthropy Webinar 1 - Alnoor Ladha - Lynn Murphy - 2023 - adjacency - ontological shift - Deep Humanity - asking these fundamental questions - Post Capitalist Philanthropy Webinar 1 - Alnoor Ladha - Lynn Murphy - 2023

(TLDR: Can summarise the question I am asking in this post as: Imagine you were emailing a machine learning expert (and expert in deduction) about an ML experiment you had done and to which you suspect you are overfitting. A priori, they know no information about anything you are doing: what is the minimum amount of information they need to be able to respond 'yes you are overfitting')

Assume she might say this because average test error is higher than average training error, which is typically the case for overfitting models (but we have seen in lectures that this can be the case for underfitting models too i.e. loss vs K (complexity) graph from lecture 5)

We tell someone the mean train and test errors for one fitted model - and we tell them that the mean test error is higher than the mean training error. Question asks to explain why, from this data, one cannot infer that the model is overfitting.

This question has highlighted some gaps in my knowledge about what overfitting actually means and what information we would need to tell someone about the results of an experiment for them to be able to correctly deduce 'ah yes, your model is overfitting'

I have listed my thoughts below in terms of different 'further information' we could tell them (but I am not entirely sure about the answer thus the post):

The main thoughts I have are: (i) We give them more granular information about the train and test errors (rather than just the means): Can we tell them them the train and test loss for every point. Now they know the variation and mean of your train and test loss - can they deduce overfitting from this? (I don't think so, but not sure - maybe low variation of the train error is indicative of overfitting?)

(ii) Do we need to tell them about what model we have actually learned (i.e. the parameters we have learned) - not just the errors on training and test sets (intuitively for me this would be sufficient (I think) : if it was me, I would want to draw the function and see 'how wiggly it is' (extrapolating complex patterns that the training data doesn't show) - if that's the case I would say yes it seems your function is overfitting (but maybe I can't actually make that statement)

(iii) Maybe telling them about just one model isn't actually enough: we have to tell them the results about a less complex model (i.e. models from different experiments) Ff you told them that the test error was lower on a less complex model then I think they can confidently say 'yes your model is overfitting')

I am a bit confused here so any help would be fantastic

Compare the various organizational structures of Otlet, Kaiser, and Luhmann.

Seemingly their structures were dictated by the number of users and to some extent the memory of those users with respect to where to find various things.

Otlet as a multi-user system with no single control mechanism or person, other than the decimal organizing standard (in his case a preference for UDC), was easily flexible for larger groups. Kaiser's system was generally designed, built and managed by one person but intended for use by potentially larger numbers of people. He also advised a conservative number of indexing levels geared toward particular use-cases (that is a limited number of heading types or columns/rows from a database perspective.) Finally, Luhmann's was designed and built for use by a single person who would have a more intimate memory of a more idiosyncratic system.

How does this speak to (or not) the idea of coherence in quantum mechanics?

Is this a possible reason why reading great books in youth is so useful?

quoted from The Secret Of The Golden Flower by Richard Wilhelm And Carl Jung

FAQ : Éducation et Inégalités Sociales

https://via.hypothes.is/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5En-prJfm4A

1. Quel est le lien entre le niveau d'éducation d'une population et la croissance économique d'un pays ?

L'élévation du niveau de formation de la population est souvent considérée comme un facteur important de la croissance économique.

Des études ont montré qu'une part significative de la variation des taux de croissance entre les pays peut être expliquée par les différences de résultats aux tests internationaux en mathématiques et en sciences.

Cependant, la croissance économique est un phénomène complexe qui dépend d'une multitude de facteurs, et l'éducation n'est qu'un élément parmi d'autres.

2. L'école a-t-elle un rôle à jouer dans la réduction des inégalités sociales ?

L'école peut agir comme un facteur de compensation des inégalités sociales en offrant un accès égal à l'éducation à tous les enfants, indépendamment de leur milieu socio-économique.

Cependant, les recherches en sociologie de l'éducation montrent que l'école ne parvient pas toujours à gommer complètement les inégalités préexistantes.

Les enfants issus de milieux favorisés bénéficient souvent d'un environnement familial plus stimulant sur le plan intellectuel et culturel, ce qui leur permet de tirer davantage profit de l'enseignement scolaire.

3. Comment l'investissement familial influence-t-il la réussite scolaire des enfants ?

L'investissement familial joue un rôle crucial dans le développement des compétences d'apprentissage des enfants dès leur plus jeune âge.

Les familles investissent dans l'éducation de leurs enfants de multiples manières : en leur parlant, en leur lisant des histoires, en les encourageant à explorer le monde qui les entoure, en les inscrivant à des activités extrascolaires, etc.

Cet investissement contribue à développer des compétences essentielles telles que la maîtrise du langage, le raisonnement logique et la capacité à apprendre de manière autonome.

4. Quels sont les effets des vacances scolaires sur les inégalités de réussite scolaire ?

Les vacances scolaires peuvent aggraver les écarts de niveau entre les élèves.

Pendant les périodes de vacances, les enfants issus de milieux favorisés ont souvent accès à des activités enrichissantes qui stimulent leurs apprentissages, tandis que les enfants de milieux défavorisés sont plus susceptibles de passer du temps dans des environnements moins stimulants sur le plan intellectuel.

Ce phénomène contribue à creuser les inégalités de réussite scolaire à la rentrée.

5. La semaine de quatre jours d'école est-elle bénéfique pour les élèves ?

La réduction du temps scolaire, notamment avec l'instauration de la semaine de quatre jours, est un sujet controversé.

Certains experts estiment que cette réduction est néfaste pour les apprentissages et qu'elle contribue à aggraver les inégalités de réussite scolaire.

D'autres considèrent qu'elle permet aux enfants de mieux se reposer et de consacrer plus de temps à des activités extrascolaires qui contribuent également à leur développement.

6. Comment l'école peut-elle mieux compenser les inégalités sociales ?

Plusieurs leviers d'action peuvent être envisagés pour renforcer le rôle compensatoire de l'école.

L'un d'entre eux consiste à investir davantage dans l'éducation préscolaire, notamment en maternelle, afin de donner à tous les enfants des bases solides dès leur plus jeune âge.

Un autre levier consiste à proposer des activités extrascolaires accessibles à tous, afin de réduire les écarts d'opportunités d'apprentissage entre les enfants de milieux différents.

7. Est-il possible de réduire l'influence de l'origine sociale sur la réussite professionnelle ?

Certains experts proposent des solutions radicales pour réduire l'emprise des diplômes sur la réussite professionnelle, comme la suppression de la course aux diplômes.

L'idée est de déconnecter l'effort éducatif des familles de son objectif principal, qui est l'obtention d'un diplôme prestigieux.

Cette approche vise à créer une société plus égalitaire où la réussite professionnelle ne serait plus déterminée uniquement par le niveau de diplôme.

8. Quel est le rôle de la recherche en sociologie de l'éducation ?

La recherche en sociologie de l'éducation joue un rôle essentiel pour comprendre les mécanismes complexes qui lient l'éducation aux inégalités sociales.

Elle permet d'identifier les facteurs qui influencent la réussite scolaire des enfants, d'évaluer l'efficacité des politiques éducatives et de proposer des solutions pour améliorer l'équité du système éducatif.

Gregor von Feinaigle by [[Art of Memory]] wiki

Origin of finagle? Long-standing question for me, but only bookmarking now.

I personally use grammarly and see it differently from using platforms such as ChatGPT. I wonder what other folks think of this. I see one as to clean up writing and the other to generate content/ideas.

Would like to know if the instructor lets students know the activity was co-created / created using AI or how can students identify this.

the title of the book implies an ownership of poverty (by America)... there's also an implication of authorial voice as if America is a "creator", but specifically a creator of poverty as much as it is a creator of wealth

In the framing of toxic capitalism, it's almost as if one of the things America is good at manufacturing is poverty.

If we've outsourced most of our manufacturing sector, why not also include poverty?!?

motivating question in the book

... why there is so much hardship in this land of abundance.

What is the ultimate goal for AI4Communities? What is it supposed to do? Is it to build knowledge (only)? What space does it have for phatic communication, and why? What does it create at the end of the day? Where is it going to?

the model is a random walk with t being the word and the RV being a random vector called a discourse vector of dimension d. This vector is a distributed representation of the semantics at word t.

what is the discourse - is it one hot encoded, is it orthogonal, is it sparse, is it disentangled, is it compositional ? What is a small change in a single dimension???

Résumé de la vidéo [00:00:06][^1^][1] - [00:17:14][^2^][2]:

Cette vidéo présente une table ronde organisée par le Conseil scientifique de l'éducation nationale, abordant divers sujets liés à la santé mentale et à l'éducation.

Temps forts: + [00:00:06][^3^][3] Introduction de la conférence * Objectif de partager les connaissances actuelles * Importance de la recherche en santé mentale * Limites des solutions proposées + [00:01:34][^4^][4] Utilisation des outils en classe * Avantages des outils pour tous les élèves * Importance de l'inclusion scolaire * Utilisation des outils avant le diagnostic + [00:03:20][^5^][5] Mise en place des limites pour les enfants * Nécessité de fixer des limites * Adaptation des limites selon le handicap * Importance de la reconnaissance des efforts + [00:05:18][^6^][6] Gestion des élèves par catégorie * Mélange des élèves pour une meilleure intégration * Importance de l'équilibre émotionnel * Stratégies pour les enseignants + [00:07:14][^7^][7] Rôle des écrans et cyberharcèlement * Impact des écrans sur la santé mentale * Différentes utilisations des réseaux sociaux * Importance de l'alliance entre parents et école + [00:12:03][^8^][8] Troubles du sommeil et attention * Lien entre troubles du sommeil et TDAH * Importance de questionner le sommeil des élèves * Stratégies pour aider les élèves en classe

Why was marijuana so popular and mainstream in the past???

for - questions - collaboration literacy - Donna Nelham - to - book - The Birth and Death of Meaning - Ernest Becker -

questions - collaboration - Donna Nelham - These three questions are all related - To get to the root of collaboration, it is helpful to examine the roots of human psychology to understand the fundamental relationship between - the individual and - the group - In his work "The Birth ad Death of Meaning, Ernest Becker argues, citing other peers, that - the self concept needs to emerge for effective group collaboration to develop and - the self concept requires others in order to construct it - Hence, other is already implicated in the construction of our own self - In Deep Humanity terminology, we call this intertwingledness of the self and other the "individual / collective gestalt"

to - book - The Birth and Death of Meaning - Ernest Becker - https://hyp.is/40fZHv9CEe6bTovrYzF92A/www.themortalatheist.com/blog/the-birth-and-death-of-meaning-ernest-becker

What is non-attachment?

What is he attempting to say here?

What work exactly does Miles include in his description of preparation of a 30,000 word book in two hours?

He specifically excludes dictation. He does include selection of ideas and arrangement. He also says it includes "collection", but I'm supposing that he's taking a larger tranche of cards from a possibly massive collection and collecting only those he needs right now? Certainly the reading, thinking, and collecting work can't be included in this two hours of work.

Does he have a better definition of what he means by collection?

How is he using pegs on a table exactly? Is this something like the Brothers Grimm, but table-based rather than wall based?

Miles, 1905 uses an arrow symbol with a hash on it to indicate a "connecting link between two Sentences or Paragraphs, etc."

It's certainly an early example of what we would now consider a hyperlink. It actively uses a "pointer" in it's incarnation.

Are there earlier examples of these sorts of idea links in the historical record? Surely there were circles and arrows on a contiguous page, but what about links from one place to separate places (possibly using page numbers?) Indexing methods from 11/12C certainly acted as explicit sorts of pointers.

When was the use of the caret first made for indicating the insertion of material?

Eustace Miles has an example from 1905.

Miles lists the following objections: - expense - inconvenience - unusual (new, novel)

Notice that he starts not with benefits or affordances, but with the objections.

What would a 2024 list of objections look like? - anachronism - harder than digital methods - lack of easier search - complexity - ... others?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrett_Wendell

Eustace Miles suggested that Wendell used the card system in writing, so perhaps one of his textbooks suggests the method as well?

Julius Reizen in reviewing over Umberto Eco's index card system in How to Write a Thesis, defines his own "insurance card" as one which contains "hard-to-classify thoughts, questions, and areas for further inquiry". These he would keep together so that they don't otherwise get lost in the variety of other locations one might keep them

These might be akin to Ahrens' "fleeting notes" but are ones which may not easily or even immediately be converted in to "permanent notes" for one's zettelkasten. However, given their mission critical importance, they may be some of the most important cards in one's repository.

link this to - idea of centralizing one's note taking practice to a single location

Is this idea in Eco's book and Reizen is the one that gives it a name since some of the other categories have names? (examples: bibliographic index cards, reading index cards (aka literature notes), cards for themes, author index cards, quote index cards, idea index cards, connection cards). Were these "officially" named and categorized by Eco?

May be worthwhile to create a grid of these naming systems and uses amongst some of the broader note taking methods. Where are they similar, where do they differ?

Multi-search tools that have full access to multiple trusted data stores (ostensibly personal ones across notebooks, hard drives, social media services, etc.) could potentially solve the problem of needing to remember where you noted something.

Currently, in the social media space especially, this is not a realized service.

A winter arc edit. A search on YouTube has dozens of these (AI probably makes it even worse).

I have nothing against them. They do seem to present a new worldview of sorts. Is it really grounded and substantial though? What are the people that they look up to? Andrew Tate and David Goggins?

Did he successfully created that framework ? if yes does the power in society functions according to his framework ?<br /> In my opinion power is an authority to control you that you give to others and believing that the other person won't use it.

So does administration is today's definition of power ?

Capitalizing one's time is very important for an individual but it is very hard to say capitalizing for whom for personal gain or for someone's else. which is better? that's why there's a saying of life and work balance. Time could be utilized as a tool of personal happiness or community happiness.

So does its means common sense evolves over time ? Some norms of the past wont apply today and some norms of today wont be applicable in the future. means there is no correct norm which could be called absolute ethical.

how society tries to punish and regulate those who are considered to be ‘mad’ ? It prefigures his later preoccupations with discipline and normalization set out in Discipline and Punish. Nowadays, institutions regulate people not through violence but through classification and direction of people into their ‘rightful’ place within a rational and efficient social order.

is it the only way to exert power on other individuals ? We must find a better way.

So in the end are we just machines working our whole for the betterment and profit of the others ?

https://new.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1f29hxm/how_many_pages_on_average_does_a_nylon_ink_ribbon/

How long will a typewriter ribbon last?

Can it be calculated? <br /> How many letters per spool at 16 yards?

Examples over time like https://new.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/rx9rmd/les_stewart_has_the_record_for_typing_1_to_1m_it/

Long time lurker, first time poster...

I picked up a British branded Orga Privat 5 (circa 1931) this past week. I've repaired enough of it now that I'm sure I can get it fully functioning again. It's going to take some serious cleaning and polishing to bring it back to its original glory. It was missing the original metal spools which I'd like to try to replace with period metal ones. I'd also like to replace the spool nuts and find one missing spool cover.

The spools (my Olympia machines' spools work) and nuts may be easiest to track down if folks have suggestions for sourcing. The tougher part will be finding an original or replica black enamel ribbon cover unless someone has an Orga they're parting out. It appears that almost all of the Orgas used the same spool set up and covers (2.25 inches / 5.8mm O.D.) through most of their manufacture so the Orga Privat 1-7 and Modell 8-Modell 10 will probably work. My German is almost non-existent, or I'd start by calling shops in Europe.

Its also missing its wooden base and metal cover, but I have less hope of finding replacements for these, particularly British rebranded ones from the Durable Trading Company. I've added my example to the Typewriter Database and it appears to be the only English branded model there across multiple examplars of 10 different models of the machine from the company.

For the curious collectors, I've documented some details and photos of the machine here: https://boffosocko.com/.../acquisition-1928-1933-new.../

Post to Antique Typewriter Maintenance Group

One must wonder if the early use of typewriters to teach reading and writing research matches that of modern day use of computers and tablets in the same classrooms?

(~2:10)

Fascinating. Rob Pierri mentions that there had been a shift in education from the development of the soul to the development of monetizable skills... Keep society manageable.

The question that remains for me is, what will ultimately leave society better and advance it? In the end, what matters more, the material or the immaterial? Why?

(~3:50)

Rob argues that a decline of consensus on morality makes liberty vanish. A society is not a society if they do not adhere to moral law.

What role does formal education play in the development of morality?

for - neuroscience - importance of maintaining curiosity - 1000 questions a day for children - 20 questions a day for adults

(~5:40)

It appears she put some sticky notes at important points/structure references while reading inspectionally...

Does this not take too much effort/time for an inspectional read a la Adler?

What besides work in behavioral economics has focused on the humanist side of the sciences as a means of helping humanity beyond the basic black and white?

How to create a "religion of science" which helps to displace the psychological problems, theological hate, etc?

https://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2012/06/carl-sundbergs-dutch-made-remington.html?showComment=1719213225119#c7928255599520034988

I dug around in this for a bit, but didn't see the referenced patent.

• https://patents.google.com/?q=(typewriter);+(remington+model+26)&oq=(typewriter);+(remington+model+26)&sort=old
• https://patents.google.com/patent/USD144164
• https://patents.google.com/?q=(typewriter)&inventor=Henry+Dreyfuss);&oq=inventor:(Henry+Dreyfuss);+(typewriter)&sort=old
• https://patents.google.com/?q=(typewriter)&inventor=Carl+W.+Sundberg);&oq=inventor:(Carl+W.+Sundberg);+(typewriter)&sort=new

Theatres of Memory (1994) sounds like it's taking lots of examples from a zettelkasten and tying them together.

It's also interesting to note that he published several books posthumously. Was this accomplished in part due to his zettelkasten notes the way others like Ludwig Wittgenstein?

also, what impact did these programs in the late 40s and early 50s have on subsequent events in the 60s and 70s as these cohorts continued to age?

Contact Schreyer about existence of archived version of Syntopicon...

Are the commons (common good, common sense, and common culture) anathema in an uber-capitalist society where everyone is generally out for themselves and often only "covering" when their needs align with societies' needs?

did the tension inherent in the cultural evolution of the great books idea versus vocational and other forms of education set up the culture wars of the late 1900s/early 2000s?

for - question - How to respond when asked what's the point or what's in it for me? - adjacency - what's the point? - what's in it for me? - human attention - progress traps

question - How to respond when asked what's the point or what's in it for me? - When these questions pop up, - it can be a good opportunity to engage the other in deeper dialogue to reveal deeper complexity

adjacency - between - questions - what's in it for me? - what's the point? - human attention - progress trap - complexity - emptiness - adjacency relationship - These questions come up a lot - and they indicate a normative human tendency: - When we focus attention on what we consider salient in our dynamic, constructed salience landscape - at the same time it defocuses our attention from the rest of the field the salient feature occurs within - In this sense, overemphasize on these questions could reveal a dependency on oversimplification - of the complexity inherent all every life situation - Remember that emptiness, with its pillars of - intertwingledness and - change - pervades everything, everywhere and everytime - and such continuous oversimplification is tantamount to - ignoring the empty nature of reality and - leads to progress traps

Was Icarus punished by the gods because he thought himself greater than them (Helios)?

Ive never been in a online class that has really been group work focused so im excited to see how that works and learning how to work as a team virtually.

Open questions:

Is education and/or critical thought actually required for a strong democracy?

Is Ulysses a heroic poem? Or, is it selfishness?

Can religious experiences be made scientific? That which is beyond thought (and is wholly subjective)?

See Steven Kotler referencing flow science as making the supernatural ("A gift from gods") into science.

Naturalism was prevalent in the time of Rilke (circa 1900s). Rilke, however, had a mystical experience in Russia? (did he literally have an experience of unity and bliss?) He combined this mysticism with the objectivity that he learned from Auguste Rodin.

As a result, his writing had a mystical and objective bent to it. How exactly? Was this also present in his Apollo poems (1907)?

First contradiction? And allusion? What does this mean?

Is Prometheus (Goethe) published in 1773 or 1774? (Sebastiaan van Bommel making a mistake?)

Why is it that so many of Americans' gut reactions is to "kick the can down the road" rather than to solve the underlying problems?

I'm surprised to see this stance from Gavin Newsom... though California probably faces a higher level of homelessness than most states as a result of its weather.

Does it though? What are the rates of homelessness as a percentage of population per state? What do the overall numbers look like for CA as a percentage of the total?

Europe's last hunter-gatherers avoided inbreeding by [[Dario Radley]]

Any evidence of moieties in these groups? How would one test this compared to modern instantiations in indigenous peoples?

is this because the child has learned a fear of the doctor and their assistants?

reply to https://www.reddit.com/r/Zettelkasten/comments/1c4kaps/giving_you_notes_a_unique_id_the_debate_continues/kzop2yh/

I'm with you on some of this, but let me play devil's advocate for a moment, so that we might hew closer to the question u/atomicnotes has posed:

If a Dewey Decimal Number is equivalent to a topic heading or subject, then what is the difference between using these subject/category/tag headings and forgoing the work of translating into a DC number (a task which is far less straightforward for those without a library science). If there is a onto to one and onto correspondence there should mathematically be no difference.

And how does one treat insightful material on geometry (516), for example, which comes from a book classified about political science (320-329)?

In a similar vein, why not use Otlet's Universal Decimal Classification which more easily allows for the admixture of topics as well as time periods?

Separately, I'll echo your valuable statement:

"I think everyone stumbles into a system of their own. I suspect the best practice here is the one that works for you!"

https://www.amazon.com/Smart-Obsidian-Beginner-Advance-Techniques-ebook/dp/B0BZ11C7KY

What is their specific definition of a digital zettelkasten? (Is it more Luhmann-artig or commonplace book?)

https://www.amazon.com/dp/8120601076/

Edward Lane's Arabic English Lexicon sounds like it was compiled by means of card index. Worth looking into the scholarly method behind compiling it.

Great Books tend to arise in the presence of great audiences. by [[Naomi Kanakia]]

Kanakia looks at what may have made 19th C. Russian literature great. This has potential pieces to say about how other cultures had higher than usual rates of creativity in art, literature, etc.

What commonalities did these sorts of societies have? Were they all similar or were there broad ranges of multiple factors which genetically created these sorts of great outputs?

Could it have been just statistical anomaly?

The root problem of information overload.

Catchwords (broad or even narrow topics) can be useful, but one should expand beyond these short words to full phrases or even sentences/paragraphs which contain atomic (or perhaps molecular) ideas that can be linked.

We could reframe the atomic as simple catchwords, and make molecular ideas combinations of these smaller atoms which form larger and fuller thoughts which can be linked and remixed with others.

Dennis Duncan (2022) touches on this in his book on Indexing when he looks at indexes which contained portions of their fuller text which were later removed and thereby collapsing context. Having these pieces added back in gave a fuller picture of ideas within an index. Connect this idea with his historical examples.

Great indexes go beyond the catchword to incorporate full ideas with additional context. To some extent this is what Luhmann was doing at larger scale compared to his commonplacing brethren who were operating far more closely to the catchword (tag) level. (Fortunately they held the context in their heads and were thus able to overcome some of the otherwise inherent problems.)

The development of all of this historically seems to follow the principle of small pieces loosely joined.

When were bookmark-like "flags" introduced in America? (Certainly prior to 1908, based on this reference.)

We need a better catch-all term for the ills perpetrated on humanity and society by technology companies' extractive practices and general blindness to their own effects while they become rich. It should have a terrifically pejorative tone.

Something which subsumes the crazy bound up in some of the following: - social media machine guns - toxic technology - mass produced toxicity - attention economy - bad technology - surveillance capitalism - technology and the military - weapons of math destruction

It should be the polar opposite of: - techno-utopianism

Going back to the previous sentence, we see that the word tripe means either part of the stomach of an animal (mainly sheep and oxen) one eats or "rubbish" as used in slang, foreword that the men the author is describing, consistently indulging in said tripes (as shown in "licked his fingers" and "mischief") the men would have stunk physically from organs and trash and metaphorically, due to overindulgence and indecency.

Is some of the "backlash" against diversity, equity and inclusion efforts in 2020s America a manifestation of attempting to prevent a shift in the status quo of class structure in America?

How is the history of the space potentially useful in easing the potential transition to something better?

The argument here really seems to be that it is not her fault. A lot of people during this time were claiming Satan made them fdo these things

Where did the concept of planned obsolescence originate? Was it really IBM as Alex Wright suggests here?

How does planned obsolescence drive capitalism? And as a result of that is there a balance between future innovation and waste? Is there a mechanism within capitalism that can fix this waste (or dramatically mitigate it)?

Gawain is known as being chivalrous because he was the proper hero, who morals matched his fight. Sir Gawain’s shield represented "the five virtues of chivalry, which were friendship, generosity, chastity, courtesy, and piety. These where the virtues people strove to live by and those they demanded of kings and knights."

How much different things may have been if the state, and not the Church, had been the progenitor and supporter of the early university?

How might education have been different if it came out of itself (or something like curiosity or even society in general) without the influences on either church or state?

quoted section from:<br /> [au moyen âge, on lit généralement en pronançant avec les lèvres, au moins à voix basse, par conséquent en entendant les phrases que les yeux voient.] Jean Leclercq, Initiation aux auteurs monastiques du Moyen Âge, 2nd edn (Paris: Cerf, 1963), p. 72.

What connection, if any, is there to the muscle memory of movement while speaking/reading along with sound/hearing to remembering what we read? Is there research on this? Implications for orality and memory?

relationship of this area of law with respect to debt and David Graeber's Debt theses?

What were the 12 resolutions?

Presumably this dictionary also used a card index for collection? (check...)

By the second year into his editing work on the OED, John Murray estimated that he had sent out 817,625 slips to readers.

At the average price of $0.025 for bulk index cards in 2023, this would have cost $20,440, so one must wonder at the cost of having done it. How much would this have been in March 1879 when Murray tool over editorship?

How many went out in total? Who cut them all? Surely mass manufacture didn't exist at the time for them?

Sending them out would have helped to ensure a reasonable facsimile of having cards of equal size coming back.

https://forum.the-big-bang-theory.com/topic/357-card-catalog/

Likely just decoration, but did Leonard or Sheldon ever interact with the card catalog in their apartment? A zettelkasten perhaps?

While slightly different in its physical configuration, the office charging cabinet (with a bleacher-like set up) is very similar to the similarly named library card charging tray.

Which came first?

Source for the claim of "at most four references"?

I could believe this on first blush, but has his archive done this work?

https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/106e5v1/eli5_what_is_topdown_and_bottomup_thinking/

In this example both versions have a specific goal in mind: "to diminish hunger". What does this look like when we have no specific goal in mind, but are exploring a space without purpose, but only for cause?

exploring with relationship to: ᔥ[[Bob Doto]] in What Do We Mean When We Say "Bottom-Up?"

Here would be a good place to give a solid definition of humanity? What makes it special beyond the "self"?

We are genetically very closely related to great apes and chimpanzees and less closely to dogs, cats, and even rats. Do we miss our dogicity? Or ratanity?

What if the robot/human mix is somehow even more interesting and transcendent than humanity? His negativity doesn't leave any space for this possible eventuality.

Nice start on a list of goals for reading

others?

https://mastodon.social/@christianp@mathstodon.xyz/111759984202211741

Is there a way to mathematically encode colors, similar to RGB perhaps, such that the colors in nearby neighborhoods all have values close to each other?

I've come across Porstmann a few times as the "intellectual father of the A-Series", the "creator of the DIN formats", and the creator of A4 in various contexts. I saw that he wrote an interesting looking handbook in the mid-1920s and was curious if anyone has come across or even read it? It looks like it went into three editions up to the 1950s. I'm not seeing any English translations at present. I suspect it has material on using card indexes as databases and may be focused on business use, but may also have some connections to note taking practices of the time. I've also found several references to Porstmann's work and that of George Christoph Lichtenberg which makes me even more curious about the potential note taking connections.

Porstmann, Walter. Kartei - Kunde: das Handbuch der Karteitechnik. Stuttgart: Verlag für Wirtschaft und Verkehr, 1928. https://search.worldcat.org/formats-editions/58666432?limit=50&offset=1&orderBy=publicationDateAsc

Syndication link: https://forum.zettelkasten.de/discussion/2785/anyone-read-porstmanns-kartei-kunde-das-handbuch-der-karteitechnik/p1?new=1

https://www.flickr.com/photos/hawkexpress/192480328/in/album-72157594200490122/

The PoIC system allows linking of cards using date/timestamps for indexing/finding. Interestingly they were all kept in chronological order rather than in idea order as in Luhmann's zettelkasten.

What are the pros/cons of this?<br /> - more searching and hunting through cards certainly is a drawback for lack of "threaded" ideas - others...

hawkexpress apparently learned this technique on the 2-channel.

(Edited 2022-10-13, 2023-12-27)

https://www.chess.com/forum/view/chesstv/amanpour-interview-whats-on-young-judit-polgars-index-cards

https://twitter.com/bstephen2/status/1290562798616031235

How might this equate to the time at which Rome extended its citizen franchise to larger swaths of people and the attendant results which came about? particularly the shift towards an empire versus a republic?

These seem to have been happening in the case of America with Donald Trump attempting to become a modern day Julius Caesar. To whom is Trump indebted?

• for: media bias - insight of journalist questions

• media insight

  • the journalist's question reveals where they are situated

When did Gaylord move from the smaller plates to the larger ones with two sections (small square and larger rectangle)?

machine translation:

The remarkable thing about this statement is that it clearly expresses what we might call, in systems theory terms, the production of complexity by selection. The basic idea is that the Zettelkasten, when set up correctly, must be able to generate much more complexity than was introduced into the Zettelkasten. This is precisely the case if its internal structure, as Luhmann (1992a, p. 66) put it, enables “independent combinatorial performances”, so that what the Zettelkasten has to communicate with each query is always much more than that user himself had in mind.

Perhaps a usable quote to support my own theory, but certainly nothing new to me.

Perhaps some interesting overlap with Ashby's law of requisite variety here? Perhaps an inverse version for creating variety and complexity?

Machine translation:

This aspect was not lost on the educated people of the early modern period. At the end of the 18th century, Christoph Meiners (1791, p. 91) had pointed out that “even the union of as many facts and ideas as have been brought together in complete excerpts [causes] a multitude of combinations and prospects that otherwise never made or received would have".

Find the Meiners reference and look more closely at his version of combinatorial creativity with respect to excerpts.

See: Meiners, Christoph. 1791. Anweisungen für Jünglinge zum eigenen Arbeiten besonders zum Lesen, Excerpiren, und Schreiben. Hannover: In der Helwingschen Hofbuchhandlung.

How to fold and cut a Christmas star<br /> Christian Lawson-Perfect https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S90WPkgxvas

What a great simple example with some interesting complexity.

For teachers trying this with students, when one is done making some five pointed stars, the next questions a curious mathematician might ask are: how might I generalize this new knowledge to make a 6 pointed star? A 7 pointed star? a 1,729 pointed star? Is there a maximum number of points possible? Is there a minimum? Can any star be made without a cut? What happens if we make more than one cut? Are there certain numbers for which a star can't be made? Is there a relationship between the number of folds made and the number of points? What does all this have to do with our basic definition of what a paper star might look like? What other questions might we ask to extend this little idea of cutting paper stars?

Recalling some results from my third grade origami days, based on the thickness of most standard office paper, a typical sheet of paper can only be folded in half at most 7 times. This number can go up a bit if the thickness of the paper is reduced, but having a maximum number of potential folds suggests there is an upper bound for how many points a star might have using this method of construction.

It would seem that people who spend too much time online experience more anxiety. Could it be that we've evolved to only be able to manage so many inputs and amounts of variety of those inputs? The experiencing of too much variety in our environments and the resultant anxiety may be a result of the limits of Ross Ashby's law of requisite variety within human systems.

This may also be why chaos machines like Donald Trump are effective at creating anxiety in a populace whose social systems are not designed to handle so many crazy ideas at once.

Implications for measurements of resilience?

Barbara Tuchman took her notes on four-by-six inch index cards.

She repeated the oft-advised mantra to only write on one side of a sheet.

What manual did she read this in? She specifically puts quotes on "Never write on the back of anything." so perhaps it might be something that could be tracked down?

Who was the earliest version of this quote? And was it always towards the idea of cutting up slips or pages and not wanting to lose material on the back? or did it also (later? when?) include ease-of-use and user interface features even when not cutting things up?

At what point did double sided become a thing for personal printed materials? Certainly out of a duty to minimize materials, but it also needed the ability to duplex print pages or photocopy them that way.

Were any of Arendt's Adolf Eichmann file notes done on index cards? Their arrangement, if any?

Did Karl Jaspers have a zettelkasten practice? Did he specifically pass it along to students, like Arendt?

• for: how to ask good questions

The example of maps he shows here discusses a social interaction component which allows for an interdisciplinary approach to the knowledge scaffolding (especially if students shared their work with each other).

Are there other non-social affordances in this system? Affordances that would let an individual go further/faster by themselves?

are there specific numbers?