844 Matching Annotations
  1. Last 7 days
  2. Feb 2025
    1. The law expands on the requirement in theFreedom of Information Act (FOIA, 5 U.S.C. §552) for agencies to make electronic copies of previouslyreleased records more broadly available for public inspection.

      Builds on the FOIA

  3. Nov 2024
    1. working group three does exons and the fossil fuel companies for them by delaying action by stuffing their models full of all sorts of spuris pseudo Tech to mean we don't have to do things by well but now by the literally within a few years I mean what really matters now is what we actually do between now and 2030 that's the time frame of action not the time frame to bring about action the time frame in which to act

      for - climate crisis - IPCC - working group 3 - Oil companies delay action through fake Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) technologies - We need to act before 2030 - CDR technologies create inaction now when we most need it - Kevin Anderson

    1. one man in his half a page which I actually acquired in the process of writing a book 15 years ago typ written a typewritten half a page he said what we must do we must treble our deficit treble our deficit we have a deficit which is bad we must make it three times as big and make the capitalists of the rest of the world pay for it which is exactly what happened the United States should increase its deficit and use it to create aggregate demand for the net exports of Germany and Japan and later on China

      for - US foreign policy - National Security Council member suggested - triple the deficit too act as a magnet to draw in experts of other countries - Yanis Varoufakis

    1. is is a worry for two reasons. Biden’s Inflation Reduction Act, which supports solar, wind, electric vehicles and energy efficiency, is the main reason the US leads the G20 in projected
    1. Allein das Rollback der klimapolitischen Maßnahmen der Biden-Administration durch die Trump-Regierung wird bis 2030 zu 4 Gigatonnen CO2-Äqivalenten an zusätzlicher Emissionen führen (bis 2050 zu 27GtCO2e). Die Analyse verschiedener Modellierungen der von Trump geplanten Maßnahmen durch Carbon Brief ergab im März, dass die USA damit weltweit fast eine Billiarde USD zusätzlicher „social costs of carbon“ verursachen würden. Die geplante weitere fossile Expansion unter dem Motto „drill, Baby, drill!“ ist dabei nicht einberechnet https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-trump-election-win-could-add-4bn-tonnes-to-us-emissions-by-2030

    1. Thirtymillion Americans remain completely uninsured a decade after the passageof the Affordable Care Act.[4]
  4. Oct 2024
    1. unstable, destabilized, degenerative world

      I have been shown in medicine that extinction is an act of Divine Love. Unstable, destable and degenertaive are all aspects of death and new life Can we find a way to position instability as an evolutionary process?

    1. Encouraging more research into sustainable manufacturing and implementing minimum requirements, such as using a certain percentage of renewable energy or investing in eco-friendly chemicals, could be initial steps. This approach mirrors the efforts observed in the implementation of the US CHIPS Act in the United States.

      Does the CHIPS Act have similar adders, and other strings attached to the funding?

    1. Sam Harris speaks with Barton Gellman about election integrity and the safeguarding of American democracy. They discuss the war games he's run to test our response to an authoritarian president, using federal troops against American citizens, the difference between laws and norms, state powers to resist the federal government, voter identification and election integrity, political control over election certifications, the Bush-Gore election, the Electoral Count Reform Act, the prospect of public unrest after the November election, January 6th, George Soros, the "good people on both sides" calumny against Trump, what happens to Trump and Trumpism if Harris wins in November, the presidential debate with Harris, the authoritarian potential of a second Trump term, Project 2025, and other topics.

      Stress Testing Our Democracy: A Conversation with Barton Gellman<br /> Episode 384 of Sam Harris podcast<br /> https://www.samharris.org/podcasts/making-sense-episodes/384-stress-testing-our-democracy

      Suggested by Flancian at FoTL

  5. Sep 2024
    1. Die Methan-Emissionen steigen in den USA wie international weiter, im Widerspruch zu den Zusagen des Global Methane Pledge. Eine Hauptursache ist die weiter zunehmende Förderung von Öl und Gas. Neue Auswertungen des Instituts Kayrros ergeben detaillierter als bisher Cass die Emissionen in13 grossen Öl- und Gas-Fördergebieten mit zwei Ausnahmen gewachsen sind. Hintergrundbericht, auch über Maßnahmen der Biden-Administration und EU- zur Reduktion der Emissionen. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/19/climate/us-methane-greenhouse-gas.html

      Kayrros-Artikel: https://www.energyintel.com/00000187-9953-d12b-a7bf-9dfb5fb60000

  6. Aug 2024
  7. Jul 2024
  8. Jun 2024
    1. Technology, Education and Copyright Harmonization (TEACH) Act. Signed into law by President Bush on November 2, the TEACH Act loosens the restraints created by the DMCA insofar as education is concerned

      TEACH Act - loosens DMCA in favor of fair use

    1. The TEACH Act checklist, summarizes the 22 (!) prerequisites. Nevertheless, we may be optimistic that, together with fair use, this statute will achieve Congress' goal of facilitating online education.

      TEACH Act checklist

    2. are a small subset of the uses of online resources educators may wish to make. It only covers in class performances and displays, not, for example, supplemental online reading, viewing, or listening materials. For those activities, as well as many others, we'll need to continue to rely on fair use. Remember, however, when relying on fair use, the fair use test is sensitive to harm to markets. This means that in general, where there is an established market for permissions, there will often be a narrower scope for fair use, and our reliance on fair use should be limited.
    3. The TEACH Act authorizes us to digitize works for use in online education, but only to the extent we are authorized to use those works in Section 110(2), and so long as they are not available digitally in a format free from technological protection.

      right to make digital copies

    4. The statute's complexity provides a new context within which to think about fair use: compared to the many conditions and limits contained in Section 110(2), the four factor fair use test seems simple and elegant.

      four factor fair use test

    5. The audiovisual works and dramatic musical works may only be shown as clips -- "reasonable and limited portions".

      reasonable and limited portions are allowed online

    6. The TEACH Act of 2002, expanded the scope of online educators' rights to perform and display works and to make copies integral to such performances and displays, making the rights closer to those we have in face-to-face teaching. But there is still a considerable gap between what the statute authorizes for face-to-face teaching and for online education.

      TEACH Act definition

    7. Copyright law provides educators with a separate set of rights in addition to fair use, to display (show) and perform (show or play) others' works in the classroom. These rights are in Section 110(1) of the Copyright Act and apply to any work, regardless of the medium.

      The TEACH Act

    1. Britische Analyse des green Deal der bisher die erwünschten Ergebnisse nicht gebracht hat. Die EU verfolgt eine marktwirtschaftliche Linie und kann damit nicht mit den USA und China, die protektionistisch agieren, konkurrieren. Zum Erreichen der Klimaziele werden laut EU-Kommission bis 2030 zusätzlich 620 Milliarden Euro an Investitionen erforderlich, das sind 3,7% der Wirtschaftsleistung der EU. https://taz.de/Kompetent-versenkt/!6012533/

  9. Apr 2024
    1. Die EU hat nicht erreicht, dass Mittel aus dem Inflation Reduction Act auch zur Subventionierung des Kaufs von aus der EU gelieferten privaten E-Autos verwendet werden. Bei der Entscheidung der USA, die in der EU-Wirtschaft vielfach als protektionistisch bewertet wird, spielt die Herkunft von Mineralien eine große Rolle. Die Verhandlungen über das Critical Minerals Agreement (CMA) führten nicht zu einer Einigung. Der Handelsblatt-Artikel stellt den komplexen Hintergrund ausführlich dar und berichtet auch über weitere Verhandlungen.

      https://www.handelsblatt.com/politik/international/ira-deutsche-autobauer-gehen-amerikanischen-milliarden-subventionen-leer-aus/100030133.html

  10. Feb 2024
    1. Michel Forst, UN-Berichterstatter zur Aarhus-Konvention, hat die europäischen Regierungen aufgefordert, Klima-Aktivist:innen zu unterstützen statt sie zu kriminalisieren. Die zunehmende Repression gefährde das Erreichen der Pariser Klimaziele und Demokratie und Menschenrechte in Europa. Forst erwartet, dass Protest und direkte Aktion zunehmen, weil die aktuelle Politik vieler europäischer Regierungen die wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse zu globaler Erhitzung, Biodiversitätsverlust und Umweltverschmutzung nicht respektiert. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2024/feb/28/european-nations-must-end-repression-of-peaceful-climate-protest-says-un-expert

      Positionspapier von Michel Forst: https://unece.org/sites/default/files/2024-02/UNSR_EnvDefenders_Aarhus_Position_Paper_Civil_Disobedience_EN.pdf

    1. Fachleute rechnen damit, dass ein Sieg Trumps bei den Präsidentschaftswahlen zu einem Rollback bei den Projekten für saubere Energie führen würde, die die Biden-Administration eingeleitet hat. Der Inflation Reduction Act hat bereits zu Investitionen von etwa 200 Milliarden Dollar in solche Projekte geführt. Wie weit der Rollback gelingen würde, ist unklar, zumal besonders republikanisch dominierte Regionen von den Projekten der aktuellen Administration profitieren. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/19/us/politics/inflation-reduction-act-republican-attacks.html

    1. In der New York Times weist Jason Bordoff, der lange selbst Regierungsberater war, die europäische Kritik am Inflation Reduction Act zurück. Man kann dem Artikel entnehmen dass vor allem europäische Firmen von den hohen Preisen für Flüssiggas profitieren, die sie in den USA vorwerfen. Die Abhängigkeit von russischem Gas hat der Konkurrenzfähigkeit der europäischen Industrie geschadet. Bordoff weist auch darauf hin, dass die Europäer jetzt den USA vorwerfen, bei der Dekarbonisierung entschlossener vorzugehen.

    1. Im Trilog haben sich EU-Parlament, europäischer Rat und Europäische Kommission auf den Net-Zero Industry Act geeinigt, mit dem erreicht werden soll, dass mindestens 40% der für die Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien notwendigen Güter aus der EU selbst kommen. Außerdem sollen die Kapazitäten zur Abscheidung und Speicherung von CO<sub>2</sub> (CCS) bis 2030 auf mindestens 50 Millionen Tonnen gesteigert werden. https://www.repubblica.it/economia/2024/02/07/news/accordo_sul_piano_per_unindustria_a_impatto_zero_la_risposta_delleuropa_a_cina_e_stati_uniti-422077536/

    1. Very early one chilly morning in October 1895, Fielding Blandfordstepped into a horse-drawn carriage with Edith Lanchester’s father and twobrothers. The four men arrived at Edith’s rented lodgings in Battersea. Theywoke the whole house with heavy banging on the front door, and FieldingBlandford forced his way in to ‘examine’ Edith. He ordered that she be takento an asylum because she was committing ‘social suicide’ by insisting on livingwith her working-class lover without marrying him. He justified this byarguing that under the Lunacy Act 1890 he would have certified her had sheattempted (normal) suicide.

      Fascinating story of a kidnapping and committal of a woman in October 1895 for shacking up with a man she wasn't married to.

      Ultimately gained international attention.

    2. a fellowlexicographer and one of the Dictionary People, John Stephen Farmer, hadhis own legal drama. Farmer was writing a slang dictionary with WilliamHenley, and was struggling to publish the second volume (containing theletters C and F) of his work on grounds of obscenity. Farmer took hispublisher to court for breach of contract in 1891, and tried to convince a jurythat writing about obscene words in a dictionary did not make him personallyguilty of obscenity, but he lost the case and was ordered to pay costs.Eventually, he found fresh printers and avoided the Obscene Publications Actby arguing that his dictionary was published privately for subscribers only, notthe public, and the remarkable Slang and Its Analogues by Farmer and Henleywas published in seven volumes (from 1890 to 1904), with cunt and fuck andmany other words regarded as lewd on its pages. Farmer’s legal case and thepublic outcry that ensued was a clear deterrent for Murray.
    1. get us only partly there (around 40 percent).

      for - Paris Agreement - U.S. commitments - contribution from IInflation Reduction Act

      Paris Agreement - U.S. commitment - contribution from Inflation Reduction Act - U.S. committed to 60% emissions reduction by 2030 - If Inflation Reduction Act is fully implemented without GOP-stacked court blocking it - it achieves 40% - Biden 2024 win is necessary, but not sufficient - Trump 2024 win will be a step in the wrong direction

  11. Jan 2024
    1. Das britische Climate Change Commitee hat seit 18 Monaten keinen Chair. Die Nichtbesetzung dieser Stelle durch die Regierung gilt ein Signal dafür, dass sie sich zunehmend von den Dekarbonisierungszielen der konservativen Vorgängerregierungen entfernt. Fachleute, darunter Nicolas Stern, kritisieren die Verzögerung. Das Komitee legt unter anderem die britischenTreibhausgas-budgets fest und hatte in der Vergangenheit die zu langsame Politik der Regierung wiederholt deutlich kritisiert.https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/dec/30/sunak-under-fire-failure-appoint-climate-committee-chief

    1. four different types of initiators of new community projectsbased in neighbourhoods:local government,governmental organisations,non-governmental organisations or activists andexisting communities.
      • for: types of initiators of community projects, SONEC - initiators of community projects, question - frameworks for community projects, suggestion - collaboration with My Climate Risk, suggestion - collaboration with U of Hawaii, suggestion - collaboration with ICICLE, suggestion - collaboration with earth commission, suggestion - collaboration with DEAL

      • question: frameworks for community projects

        • If our interest is to attempt to create a global collective action campaign to address our existential polycrisis, which includes the climate crisis, then how do we mobilize at the community level in a meaningful way?

        • I suggest that this must be a cosmolocal effort. Why? Knowledge sharing across all the communities will accelerate the transition of any participating local community.

        • This means that we cannot rely on citizens living in small communities to construct an effective coordination framework for rapid de-escalation of the polycrisis. The capacity does not exist within small communities to build such a complex system. The system can be more effectively built before the collective action campaign is started by a virtual community of experts and ready for trial with pilot communities.
        • To meet this enormous challenge, it cannot be done in an adhoc way. At this point in time, many people in many communities all around the globe know of the existential crisis we face, but if we look at the annual carbon emissions, none of the existing community efforts has made a difference in their continuing escalation.
        • The knowledge required to synchronize millions of communities to have a unified wartime-scale collective action mobilization to reach decarbonization goals that the mainstream approach has not even made a dent in will be a complex problem.
        • In other words, what is proposed is a partnership.
        • Since we are faced with global commons problems that pose existential threats if not mitigated in 5 to 8 years, the scope of the problem is enormous.
        • Super wicked problems require unprecedented levels of collaboration at every level.
        • The downscaling of global planetary boundaries and doughnut economics seems the most logical way to think global, act local.
        • Building such a collaboration system requires expert knowledge. Once built, however, it requires testing in pilot communities. This is where a partnership can take place

        • 2024, Jan. 1 Adder

          • My Climate Risk Regional Hubs
            • time 29:46 of https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Funfccc.int%2Fevent%2Flater-is-too-late-tipping-the-balance-from-negative-to-positive&group=world
            • https://www.wcrp-climate.org/mcr-hubs
            • Suggestion:
              • SRG has long entertained a collaborative open science project for grassroots polycrisis / climate crisis education - to measure and validate latest climate departure dates
              • This would make climate change far more salient to the average person because of the observable trends in disruption of local economic activity connected to the local ecology due to climate impacts
              • This would be a synergistic project between SRG, LCE, SoNeC, My Climate Risk hubs, ICICLE and U of Hawaii
              • Our community frameworks need to go BEYOND simply adaptation though, which is what "My Climate Risk" focuses exclusively on. We need to also engage equally in climate mitigation.
        • reference
        • I coedited this volume on examples of existing cosmolocal projects
  12. Dec 2023
    1. Meta previously bet on CPUs and its own in-house chips to handle both traditional workloads and AI ones. But as AI usage boomed, CPUs have been unable to keep up, while Meta's chip effort initially fizzled.

      I did not know they tried to make their own chips

  13. Nov 2023
    1. Der Critical Raw Materials Actt wird von Industrie-Lobbies benutzt, um Einschränkungen beim Zugang zu Rohmaterialien abzubauen, und zwar auch dann, wenn es nicht um die Energieversorgung geht. IT-, Rüstungs- und Raumfahrtindustrie versuchen von der Krisensituation bei den neuen Energien zu profitieren. Die Libéation berichtet über einen neuen Report von Lobbying-Warchdogs. Die Liste der kritischen Rohmaterialien wurde bereits von 15 auf 34 Stoffe erweitert. https://www.liberation.fr/international/europe/ue-le-critical-raw-materials-act-un-open-bar-pour-lindustrie-miniere-20231112_HZUR6376QJCZVBM5IGIUR6V2QE/

    1. In the West we talk about how matter—body and brain—might be the necessary conditions for the emergence of the mind. That is the scientists’ assumption. However, there is another hypothesis, which is that consciousness itself is the basic stuff of the universe and that we are the emanation of that consciousness as opposed to the origin or the evolutionary source of it. Of course, to accept that we would have to give up the idea that everything is based on some material property
      • for: materialism Vs panpsychism

      • comment

        • Husserl's phenomenology, especially his views on epoche in his later years lean more towards panpsychism although they are different in a nuanced way.
        • there is direct, pure biological phenomenological experience ,- Epoche may give us a taste of it, interment meditation may go further and the deepest meditation of decades of intense practice may re-immerse us in it.
        • Feral children who grow into feral adults, an extremely rare occurrence, may have an immersive experience of it
        • social conditioning of language bind meaning tightly to our construction and experience of objects in our sensory field
        • it is extremely difficult to disentangle our conditioned meaning with prelinguistic phenomenological experience of reality
        • spiritual awakening or enlightenment would appear to show that it is possible
        • When we attach such strong meaning to ideas, such as to scientific ideas, "material* objects, in spite of their attached, implicit symbolic complexity, appear to have a natural, autonomous and obvious existence.
        • in this way, our conscious constructs become solidified and mistaken for concrete, autonomously existent objects. Consciousness then comes to mistaken variants of consciousness itself with autonomously existent objects
  14. Oct 2023
  15. Sep 2023
  16. Aug 2023
    1. If you believe in the Three-Act structure, then the first disaster corresponds to the end of Act 1. The second disaster is the mid-point of Act 2. The third disaster is the end of Act 2, and forces Act 3 which wraps things up. It is OK to have the first disaster be caused by external circumstances, but I think that the second and third disasters should be caused by the protagonist’s attempts to “fix things”. Things just get worse and worse.

      Interesting and specific advice about the source of disasters in act two...

    1. Lots but the people living in the suburbs continued to work and commute in the cities what's the solution High-Speed Rail and Incredibly 00:08:08 efficient mass transit no dummy cars obviously but it wasn't obvious the obsession with and Reliance on cars that seems uniquely American was manufactured as not a symptom but a feature of the 00:08:20 suburbs
      • for: history - suburbs, history - car culture
      • paraphrase
        • With so many people living in the suburbs, there was a new transportation problem as these people had to travel to the city centers to work.
        • High speed rail and mass transit lost out over big oil and the auto industry lobby, and this loss resulted in an auto-centric design that shaped not only the American landscape, but the entire world
        • The 1956 federal aid highway act created a national highway system, but also provided positive feedback to increase suburban development
        • highway construction disproportionately affected minority communities
    1. Standard-Artikel über die Schwierigkeiten, in Österreich Großprojekte zur Energiewende administrativ und gegen den Widerstand lokaler Initiativen durchzusetzen. Die drei ausgewählten Beispiele zeigen, dass die Probleme und die Motive für den Widerstand sehr unterschiedlich sind. Die EU will mit dem Net Zero Industry Act die Zeit bis zur Umsetzung von Projekten auf maximal anderthalb Jahre verkürzen. https://www.derstandard.de/story/3000000182417/ueberforderte-behoerden-und-protestierende-buerger-bremsen-die-energiewende-aus

    1. As it stands, Intel will walk away with the lion's share of the funding for its Magdeburg megafab, where it plans to produce angstrom-class parts beginning in 2027. After months of negotiations over rising operating and materials costs associated with building in the region – the facility is now expected to cost €30 billion to complete – the x86 titan received commitments from German officials in June for €10 billion in support.

      10bn is about the same as the 9 euro ticket would have cost for all of 2023

  17. Jul 2023
    1. at third act where we organize old people like me over the age 00:05:36 of 60. we're concentrating on democracy and on climate they seem uh they seem the twin crises that we face
      • for: polycrisis, dual crisis, climate change and political polarization

      • key insight

        • we have to deal with climate crisis AND political polarization simultaneously
        • unless we solve the political polarization problem, we will be stuck in policy gridlock
  18. Jun 2023
    1. superseded in 2015 by the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), whichrelaxed directives on regular assessment.
    2. in the USA in 2001 Congress passed a new law—the ‘No ChildLeft Behind’ Act (NCLB)—which sought to increase accountability fromschools through an array of measures, one of which instructed teachers on thekind of ‘scientifically proven’ practices they must adopt in their work.
  19. May 2023
    1. Der Inflation Reduction Act hat in den USA deutlich mehr Investitionen in Erneuerbare und in Elektromobilität ausgelöst als vorausgesehen. Einer der Architekten des Gesetzes, das u.a. Investionen in bisher von fossilen Energien abhängien Gebieten fördert, zieht in der New York Times eine frühe Erfolgsbilanz. Er weist aber auch auf fehlende Regelungen bei der Infrastrukturplanung, Investionsanreizen und Abkommen mit Partnerländern hin. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/30/opinion/climate-clean-energy-investment.html

  20. Apr 2023
    1. But share buybacks are also increasingly under fire. President Joe Biden, a frequent critic of share repurchases, included a 1% tax on share repurchases in the Inflation Reduction Act passed by Democrats in Congress last year.
  21. Mar 2023
    1. Such regulation is already being pursued in Europe, where the DigitalServices Act would require large platforms to interoperate, a requirementthat could easily be modified to include the Fediverse.

      EU Digital Services Act interoperable requirement

  22. Feb 2023
    1. Where information that a controller would otherwise be required to provide to a datasubject pursuant to subsection (1) includes personal data relating to another individualthat would reveal, or would be capable of revealing, the identity of the individual, thecontroller—(a)shall not, subject to subsection (8), provide the data subject with the informationthat constitutes such personal data relating to the other individual, and(b)shall provide the data subject with a summary of the personal data concernedthat—(i)in so far as is possible, permits the data subject to exercise his or her rightsunder this Part, and

      There's a right to provide a summary where it would be hard to avoid revealing the identity of another individual.

    2. Subject to subsection (2), a controller, with respect to personal data for which it isresponsible, may restrict, wholly or partly, the exercise of a right of a data subjectspecified in subsection (4)

      Can restrict, but must be necessary and proportionate (and under one of the restriction rights)

    3. Subsection (1) shall not apply—(a)in respect of personal data relating to the data subject that consists of anexpression of opinion about the data subject by another person given inconfidence or on the understanding that it would be treated as confidential, or(b)to information specified in paragraph (b)(i)(III)of that subsection in so far as arecipient referred to therein is a public authority which may receive data in thecontext of a particular inquiry in accordance with the law of the State.

      Access doesn't need to include opinions made in confidence, or information obtained by a public authority who recieves data in the context of a particular inquiry.

  23. Dec 2022
  24. Nov 2022
    1. Title : Artificial Intelligence and Democratic Values: Next Steps for the United States Content : In Dartmouth University , appears AI as sciences however USA motionless a national AI policy comparing to Europe where The Council of Europe is developing the first international AI convention and earlier UE launched the European data privacy law, the General Data Privacy Regulation.

      In addition, China's efforts to become “world leader in AI by 2030, as long as China is developing a digital structures matched with The one belt one road project . USA , did not contribute to UNESCO AI Recommendations however USA It works to promote democratic values and human rights and integrate them with the governance of artificial intelligence .

      USA and UE are facing challenges with transatlantic data flows , with Ukrainian crises The situation became more difficult. In order to reinstate leadership in AI policy, the United States should advance the policy initiative launched last year by the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) and Strengthening efforts to support AI Bill of rights .

      EXCERPT: USA believe that foster public trust and confidence in AI technologies and protect civil liberties, privacy, and American values in their application can establish responsible AI in USA. Link: https://www.cfr.org/blog/artificial-intelligence-and-democratic-values-next-steps-united-states Topic : AI and Democratic values Country : United States of America

    1. About the Force11 Resource and Tool Catalog

      Descripción

      Catálogo de recursos y herramientas FORCE11 158 registros al 26 de agosto 2020

      Categorias:

      1. Publications
      2. Databases/Repositories 3.Organization/Group
      3. Software/Tools/Services 5.Standars/Format 6:Training 7.Other
  25. Oct 2022
  26. Jun 2022
    1. When Congress was considering the first significant federal gun law of the 20th century—the National Firearms Act of 1934, which imposed a steep tax and registration requirements on “gangster guns” like machine guns and sawed-off shotguns—the NRA endorsed the law. Karl Frederick and the NRA did not blindly support gun control; indeed, they successfully pushed to have similar prohibitive taxes on handguns stripped from the final bill, arguing that people needed such weapons to protect their homes. Yet the organization stood firmly behind what Frederick called “reasonable, sensible, and fair legislation.”
    2. In the 1920s and ’30s, the NRA was at the forefront of legislative efforts to enact gun control. The organization’s president at the time was Karl T. Frederick, a Princeton- and Harvard-educated lawyer known as “the best shot in America”—a title he earned by winning three gold medals in pistol-shooting at the 1920 Summer Olympic Games. As a special consultant to the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws, Frederick helped draft the Uniform Firearms Act, a model of state-level gun-control legislation.
    3. General Daniel E. Sickles, the commanding Union officer enforcing Reconstruction in South Carolina, ordered in January 1866 that “the constitutional rights of all loyal and well-disposed inhabitants to bear arms will not be infringed.” When South Carolinians ignored Sickles’s order and others like it, Congress passed the Freedmen’s Bureau Act of July 1866, which assured ex-slaves the “full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings concerning personal liberty … including the constitutional right to bear arms.”
    4. The very next day, Congress passed the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, the first federal gun-control law in 30 years. Months later, the Gun Control Act of 1968 amended and enlarged it.
    1. The Mulford Act was a 1967 California bill that prohibited public carrying of loaded firearms without a permit.[2] Named after Republican assemblyman Don Mulford, and signed into law by governor of California Ronald Reagan, the bill was crafted with the goal of disarming members of the Black Panther Party who were conducting armed patrols of Oakland neighborhoods, in what would later be termed copwatching.[3][4] They garnered national attention after Black Panthers members, bearing arms, marched upon the California State Capitol to protest the bill.

      WTF!

    1. Elie Mystal writes in Allow Me to Retort: A Black Guy's Guide to the Constitution:

      There was an original purpose to the Second Amendment, but it wasn't to keep people safe. It was to preserve white supremacy and slavery. (p36)

      He indicates that there are quotes from Patrick Henry and George Mason, governor of Virginia. They needed the ability to raise an armed militia to put down slave revolts and didn't want to rely on the federal government to do it.


      • [ ] Allow Me to Retort: A Black Guy's Guide to the Constitution by Elie Mystal #wanttoread

      link to 1967 Mulford Act signed by Ronald Reagan see also: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulford_Act