News Example

annotation meta: may need new tag: fear would be used for ... valid uses for it beyond ...

annotation meta: may need new tag: applies to siblings only or applies to same level only

Libraries are not contributing records to the intent that access can be restricted

This is the heart of the matter, and gets to the record use policy debate from the last decade. Is the aggregation of catalog records a public good or a public good? The second sentence—"nor is it in the public interest for their use to be restricted"—is the big question in my mind.

annotation meta: may need new tag: codify a team's norms

Schuetze, C. F. (2021, November 5). Vienna will start to vaccinate young children without E.U. approval. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/05/world/europe/vienna-vaccinate-young-children.html

Commissioner, O. of the. (2022). Comirnaty and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine. FDA. https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19/comirnaty-and-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine

de Figueiredo, A. (2021, September 3). Vaccine passports don’t make sense for our health or society, self-isolation is more effective. Inews.Co.Uk. https://inews.co.uk/opinion/vaccine-passports-covid-dont-make-sense-for-our-health-or-society-encouraging-self-isolation-is-more-effective-1179458

Banerjee, P. (2022, February 13). Biological E seeks EUA for its Corbevax vaccine for 12-18 yrs age group. Mint. https://www.livemint.com/news/india/biological-e-seeks-eua-for-its-corbevax-vaccine-for-12-18-yrs-age-group-11644746753338.html

American Academy of Pediatrics urges FDA to approve COVID vaccines for children under 12. (2021, September 13). PBS NewsHour. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/american-academy-of-pediatrics-urges-fda-to-approve-covid-vaccines-for-children-under-12

Commissioner. (2021, October 29). FDA Authorizes Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine for Emergency Use in Children 5 through 11 Years of Age. FDA; FDA. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-authorizes-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-emergency-use-children-5-through-11-years-age

Kozlov, M. (2022). Why scientists are racing to develop more COVID antivirals. Nature, 601(7894), 496–496. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-022-00112-8

Zimmer, C. (2021, September 21). An extra J. & J. shot substantially boosts protection against Covid, the company reports. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/21/health/johnson-and-johnson-shot.html

Vergales, J., & Gandhi, M. (2021, November 3). The Childhood Vaccine Debate Ignores a Crucial Point: Kids Aren’t Supposed to Die. Time. https://time.com/6113220/why-kids-should-get-covid-19-vaccine/

Beers, L. S. (2021, October 26). Opinion | Yes, You’ll Want to Vaccinate Your Kids Against Covid. An Expert Explains Why. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/26/opinion/covid-vaccine-kids.html

Mertens, G., Lodder, P., Smeets, T., & Duijndam, S. (2021). Fear of COVID-19 predicts vaccination willingness 14 months later. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/rt7u4

How awesome is this sort of integration? If one can use annotations to create issues within Github, it should be relatively easy for websites to do similar integrations to allow the use of Hypothes.is as a native commenting system on website pages. The API could be leveraged with appropriate URL wildcard patterns to do this.

I have heard of a few cases of people using Github issue queues as comments sections for websites, and this dovetails well into that space.

How might the Webmention spec be leveraged or abstracted to do similar sorts of communication work?

Learners often required support, especially with the planning and reviewing aspects of self-directed learning, as well as guidance regarding how digital technologies can be used effectively for educational purposes. Importantly, studies that ..

Children’s Use of Technology in Learning

The instructions here for "Postman Collection" might be useful on the portal, but are they too complex? Is there anything we can do (such as purchase a Postman team license) to streamline this part of the work? Ask the ProServ Team.

From Freddie: potential use cases

Got this from Lucas: this is a good example of API documentation for custom services developed in proserv

Es ist interessant, dass die ökologische Produktion nicht weniger effizient ist als die konventionelle. Es hat offenbar – wie bei der Energie, folgt man Malm – andere Gründe, wenn sie abgelehnt wird.

https://www.ebay.com/itm/115477031627?hash=item1ae2f7aacb:g:yUIAAOSwQp1ix3zT

Another example of someone using a library card catalog as wine storage

Ergebnisse des Farmland Bird Index für 2021

Think about the irony of this.

5.9 Use principles.

2 Use the 5-Step Process to Get What You Want Out of Life

I may be insane, but somehow text search here makes me wonder that Calibre might actually make an interesting interface for keeping one's notes?

Document management, text search, tagging, reference management capabilities, open source, custom meta data, server potential, etc. What's missing to prevent such an off-label use case?

https://liliputing.com/2022/07/calibre-6-0-ebook-manager-gains-full-text-search-arm-cpu-support-and-read-aloud-to-the.html

Syndication link: https://twitter.com/ChrisAldrich/status/1547689914078179328

https://twinery.org/

Twine is an open-source tool for telling interactive, nonlinear stories.

You don’t need to write any code to create a simple story with Twine, but you can extend your stories with variables, conditional logic, images, CSS, and JavaScript when you're ready.

Twine publishes directly to HTML, so you can post your work nearly anywhere. Anything you create with it is completely free to use any way you like, including for commercial purposes.

Heard referenced in Reclaim Hosting community call as a method for doing "clue boards".

Could twinery.org be used as a way to host/display one's linked zettelkasten or note card collection?

Public Annotation of IPCC Report AR6 Climate Change 2022 Mitigation of Climate Change WGIII Chapter 5: Demand, Services and Social Aspects of Mitigation

NOTE: Permission given by one of the lead authors, Felix Creutzig to annotate with caveat that there may be minor changes in the final version.

This annotation explores the potential of mass mobilization of citizens and the commons to effect dramatic demand side reductions. It leverages the potential agency of the public to play a critical role in rapid decarbonization.

Commercialization of fair use

Nature-of-work factor is more favorable for fact-intensive and highly functional works

Purpose of Letter

A letter from the law firm representing the Internet Archives that summarizes the four-point fair use argument and details the extraordinary circumstances behind the the IA's National Emergency Library.

Hachette Book Group, Inc. et al. v. Internet Archive, Case No. 1:20-CV-04160-JGK

RECAP's archive of the docket from PACER

use case for around

Answering the question:

I don't understand the point of putting it in a spec. What does that gain you over using benchmark-ips the normal way?

Reality: this has a lot to do with the problems here.

Remedy: ignore the NodeJS toolchain bullshit[1], rip out the thing you're interested in, and stuff it into an ordinary page foo.hmtl.

1. https://pg.ucsd.edu/command-line-bullshittery.htm[2]

2. https://hypothes.is/a/22JaWMu5Eey2UvchosEz6Q

use of statistics

Use of statistics

Why require Node?

Everything that this script does could be better accomplished (read: be made more accessible to a wider audience) if it weren't implemented by programming against NodeJS's non-standard APIs and it were meant to run in the browser instead.

There's nothing about this that requires Replit (or NodeJS, for that matter). The whole thing can be achieved by writing a program to run on the script engine that everyone already has access to—the one in the browser. No servers required.

looking for a callback that you can register to happen after current transaction is committed, not just after_commit of model -- though actually, that might fire precisely when current transaction is committed, too (except that it might only get triggered for nested transactions, not the top-most transaction), so it could maybe go there ... but I think the problem is just that it doesn't belong there, because it's not specific to the model...

I guess the OP said it best:

I am not looking for model based after commits on update/create/etc, I want to be able to dynamically define a block that will be executed only if the current (top-most) transaction passes:

This is a great question and I ask it frequently with many different answers.

I've not seen specific numbers, but I suspect that the majority of Hypothes.is users are annotating in small private groups/classes using their learning management system (LMS) integrations through their university. As a result, using it and hoping for a big social experience is going to be discouraging for most.

Of course this doesn't mean that no one is out there. After all, here you are following my RSS feed of annotations and asking these questions!

I'd say that 95+% or more of my annotations are ultimately for my own learning and ends. If others stumble upon them and find them interesting, then great! But I'm not really here for them.

As more people have begun using Hypothes.is over the past few years I have slowly but surely run into people hiding in the margins of texts and quietly interacted with them and begun to know some of them. Often they're also on Twitter or have their own websites too which only adds to the social glue. It has been one of the slowest social media experiences I've ever had (even in comparison to old school blogging where discovery is much higher in general use). There has been a small uptick (anecdotally) in Hypothes.is use by some in the note taking application space (Obsidian, Roam Research, Logseq, etc.), so I've seen some of them from time to time.

I can only think of one time in the last five or so years in which I happened to be "in a text" and a total stranger was coincidentally reading and annotating at the same time. There have been a few times I've specifically been in a shared text with a small group annotating simultaneously. Other than this it's all been asynchronous experiences.

There are a few people working at some of the social side of Hypothes.is if you're searching for it, though even their Hypothes.is presences may seem as sparse as your own at present @tonz.

Some examples:

@peterhagen Has built an alternate interface for the main Hypothes.is feed that adds some additional discovery dimensions you might find interesting. It highlights some frequent annotators and provide a more visual feed of what's happening on the public Hypothes.is timeline as well as data from HackerNews.

@flancian maintains anagora.org, which is like a planet of wikis and related applications, where he keeps a list of annotations on Hypothes.is by members of the collective at https://anagora.org/latest

@tomcritchlow has experimented with using Hypothes.is as a "traditional" comments section on his personal website.

@remikalir has a nice little tool https://crowdlaaers.org/ for looking at documents with lots of annotations.

Right now, I'm also in an Obsidian-based book club run by Dan Allosso in which some of us are actively annotating the two books using Hypothes.is and dovetailing some of this with activity in a shared Obsidian vault. see: https://boffosocko.com/2022/03/24/55803196/. While there is a small private group for our annotations a few of us are still annotating the books in public. Perhaps if I had a group of people who were heavily interested in keeping a group going on a regular basis, I might find the value in it, but until then public is better and I'm more likely to come across and see more of what's happening out there.

I've got a collection of odd Hypothes.is related quirks, off label use cases, and experiments: https://boffosocko.com/tag/hypothes.is/ including a list of those I frequently follow: https://boffosocko.com/about/following/#Hypothesis%20Feeds

Like good annotations and notes, you've got to put some work into finding the social portion what's happening in this fun little space. My best recommendation to find your "tribe" is to do some targeted tag searches in their search box to see who's annotating things in which you're interested.

As open source as Hypothes.is is, I do wish that it had some additional open IndieWeb building blocks to keep it from being a silo.

Sadly, I've never had the time, nor the technical expertise and facility with their code to implement the pieces, but I have outlined a bit of what might be done to make the platform a bit less silo-like: https://boffosocko.com/2019/04/08/ideas-for-indieweb-ifying-hypothes-is/

Fortunately it is open enough for me in other respects that I can bend portions of it to my will and needs beyond what it offers a la carte.

https://hypothes.is/a/krnfMl0pEeyvKGMTU02-Lw

stuhlmueller Dec 14, 2021

Elicit co-founder here - feel free to leave feedback through hypothesis, we're reading it. :)

Example in the wild of a company using Hypothes.is to elicit (pun intended) feedback on their product.

Heathers, J. (2021, October 23). The Real Scandal About Ivermectin. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2021/10/ivermectin-research-problems/620473/

Exactly! This is more or less the same kind of use case I tend to have: intentionally having/wanting a stale/out-of-date copy of a (reactive) object.

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 26). RT @PsyArXivBot: Confidence of others trumps confidence of self in social information use https://t.co/Tvanez1cjS [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1502295445527277574

L'association de deux sujets qui n'ont pas de corrélation vérifiéé, revient dans la conclusion en contradiction avec la conclusion de l'étude de Ramdoss, S et al.

En contradiction avec l'hypothèse :

Results suggest that CBI should not yet be considered a researched-based approach to teaching communication skills to individuals with ASD. However, CBI does seem a promising practice that warrants future research. Les résultats suggèrent que le CBI ne devrait pas encore être considéré comme un approche fondée sur la recherche pour enseigner les compétences en communication aux personnes ayant Troubles du Spectre Autistique. Cependant, le CBI semble être une pratique prometteuse qui justifie des recherches futures.

Students could rehearse with each other when not able to physically meet.

Students could create a multimedia poster about their favorite band/artist.

I could have students utilize this tool by having them create a spoken word song to which they do not have to be seen.

I could have students create a website as if they were the website designer for their favorite musician and had to put up information such as new album release, tour dates, etc.

A program like this could be utilized in my class where I have students record a small music snippet and add graphics to it.

shouldn't

Schreiber, M. (2022, February 18). Covid infection increases risk of mental health disorders, study finds. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/18/covid-infection-increases-risk-mental-health-disorder-study

There's no real reason why Node/NPM should be required for this. You could dump the logic into a bookworms.html file and run it in the JS runtime that's already on someone's machine (their Web browser)...

Thinking that the tool will solve a particular problem without knowing what the tool does or how to use it properly will surely set one up for failure. You can use a screwdriver like a hammer, but your results won't be as good as using a hammer and using it properly.

In the late 1700's Vienna there were reports of coachmen using books to patch bad roads.

Sacrilege!

Gradassi, A., Bos, W. van den, & Molleman, L. (2022). Confidence of others trumps confidence of self in social information use. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/mqyu2

Meg Tirrell. (2022, January 31). Novavax says it’s officially filed for EUA of its #covid19 vaccine in the US https://t.co/QtKunI2sbm [Tweet]. @megtirrell. https://twitter.com/megtirrell/status/1488223548602736640

Many products, including technology and social media products, can have a multitude of uses including unintended off-label uses. This can lead to harmful and deleterious effects on large groups of people.

On the other hand, some users may also see great benefits from off-label use cases. As an example, despite it being a vector for attacks and abuse, some marginalized groups have benefited from social media through increased visibility, the ability to create community, and expand their digital access.

As a result it's important to look at how a product is being used in the marketplace and change or modify it or create similar but different products to amplify the good and mitigate the bad.

Meaning that 99% of the people use it are using it "wrong" because they're not using it for HTTP authentication and don't send a WWW-Authenticate header field with their 401 response?

Hmm. That's a tough one. On the one hand, the spec does say they must send it.

Initial opinion

But on the other hand, one could argue that that requirement only applies if using 401 for HTTP authentication. And that saying it's wrong to do so (as they claim at https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3297048/403-forbidden-vs-401-unauthorized-http-responses/14713094#14713094 and https://hyp.is/JA45zHotEeybDdM_In4frQ/stackoverflow.com/questions/3297048/403-forbidden-vs-401-unauthorized-http-responses) is having a too strict/narrow/literal interpretation.

HTTP is meant to be used widely in many very different uses and contexts, most of which do not use this very specific HTTP authentication scheme; my opinion is that they shouldn't be denied from using it, just because they don't have anything useful WWW-Authenticate header field. (Or (which is also fine with me), just put something "emptyish" in the field, like "Unused". Unless that would trigger a Basic auth modal in the browser, in which case we shouldn't, for practical reasons.)

Why shouldn't we be able to repurpose this same status code for uses that are still authentication, but just not HTTP authentication per se?

Is it really wrong to repurpose this useful status code for other contexts, like cookie-based app-defined authentication systems?

I say that it's okay to repurpose/reuse 401 for any authentication system (that uses HTTP as a part of it, even though not using HTTP's own authentication system), as long as we try to maintain the same semantic as originally intended/described here. I think it's okay to use 401 as a response to a XHR request, and then have the client redirect to a login page, which provides a way to authenticate again (reattempt the authentication challenge), analogous to how it works for HTTP authentication.

Revised opinion

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3297048/403-forbidden-vs-401-unauthorized-http-responses/14713094#14713094 has made me change my mind and convinced me that...

Authentication by schemes outside of (not defined by) RFC7235: Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Authentication should not use HTTP status 401, because 401 Unauthorized is only defined (by current RFCs) by RFC7235: Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Authentication, and has semantics and requirements (such as the requirement that "A server generating a 401 (Unauthorized) response MUST send a WWW-Authenticate header field containing at least one challenge.") that simply don't make sense or cannot be fulfilled if using a non-HTTP authentication scheme.

403 Forbidden, on the other hand, is defined by the broader HTTP standard, in RFC7231: Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Semantics and Content and RFC7235: Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Authentication.

In conclusion, if you have your own roll-your-own login process and never use HTTP Authentication, 403 is always the proper response and 401 should never be used.

Couldn't a custom auth system use WWW-Authenticate header?

The question was asked:

Doesn't RFC7235 provide for "roll-your-own" or alternate auth challenges? Why can't my app's login flow present its challenge in the form of a WWW-Authenticate header? Even if a browser doesn't support it, my React app can...

And I would say sure, if you want (and if the browser doesn't automatically show a Basic auth modal in this case and thwart your plans).

They might be on to something here with that question!

But that should probably be the test of whether you can/should use 401: are you actually using WWW-Authenticate header?

Indeed I found an example where it is used for OAuth2.

What does "are not considered when deciding whether to use 401 or 403" mean exactly? What exactly should not be considered, and what exactly should be considered instead? In other words, how did someone arrive at the conclusion that "if you have your own roll-your-own login process and never use HTTP Authentication, 403 is always the proper response and 401 should never be used."? Why is 403 okay to use for non-HTTP authentication, but not 401?

Oh, I think I understand the difference now.

They should have said:

Authentication by schemes outside of (not defined by) RFC7235: Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Authentication should not use HTTP status 401, because 401 Unauthorized is only defined (by current RFCs) by RFC7235: Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Authentication, and has semantics and requirements (such as the requirement that "A server generating a 401 (Unauthorized) response MUST send a WWW-Authenticate header field containing at least one challenge.") that simply don't make sense or cannot be fulfilled if using a non-HTTP authentication scheme.

403 Forbidden, on the other hand, is defined by the broader HTTP standard, in RFC7231: Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Semantics and Content and RFC7235: Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Authentication.

In conclusion, if you have your own roll-your-own login process and never use HTTP Authentication, 403 is always the proper response and 401 should never be used.

See also my comments in https://hyp.is/p1iCnnowEeyUPl9PxO8BuQ/www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7235

Strickland, J. C., Stoops, W., Banks, M., & Gipson-Reichardt, C. D. (2022). Logical Fallacies and Misinterpretations that Hinder Progress in Translational Addiction Neuroscience. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/frd5e

Novavax and Serum Institute of India Announce World Health Organization Grants Emergency Use Listing for NVX-CoV2373 COVID-19 Vaccine—Dec 17, 2021. (n.d.). Retrieved December 18, 2021, from https://ir.novavax.com/2021-12-17-Novavax-and-Serum-Institute-of-India-Announce-World-Health-Organization-Grants-Emergency-Use-Listing-for-NVX-CoV2373-COVID-19-Vaccine?sf156899079=1

Specifically highlighting that the "focus must be on the 'using', not the 'thing'".

This quote is very reminiscent of John M. Culkin's quote (often misattributed to McLuhan) "We shape our tools and thereafter they shape us."

<small><cite class='h-cite via'>ᔥ <span class='p-author h-card'>Linus Lee</span> in Towards a research community for better thinking tools | thesephist.com (<time class='dt-published'>12/01/2021 08:23:07</time>)</cite></small>

For the Europeans the drums were a different device of communication. Mostly attack retreat and come to church.But how we use drums today. Send out a different communication. In the music industry. It is basically electronics from that producers use. That communicates we need to make more money for this artist or out of this artist. And on the dance floor it means hey let’s dance.Even when someone is knocking on the door. That is a sound like a drum too. It means I am here and after the door please. Or I’m a total stranger and you might not have to answer the door.Or your packages arrived.

Argument

land use