91 Matching Annotations
  1. Last 7 days
    1. United States, amphetamine consumption took off, with pharmaceutical companies manufacturing 3.5 billion tablets annually by the late 1950s.

      new ways on ingesting the drugs through injection

    2. e US military continued to use amphetamines heavily, with the drug becoming standard issue during the Korean War.
    3. Germany did not experience the same post-war surge in stimulant use due to the dismantling of domestic production and tighter controls on Pervitin during the war.
    4. Pharmaceutical companies sold the drug, marketed as "wake-a-mine," to the public, leading to widespread use and addiction.
    5. The use of stimulants during World War II led to addiction problems among soldiers on all sides. In Japan, the problem was particularly severe, and the country experienced its first drug epidemic. Many soldiers and factory workers who had become hooked on the drug during the war continued to consume it into the postwar years.

      left countries with high rates of addiction

    6. he Japanese imperial government also used methamphetamine to enhance the performance of its soldiers and pilots. The drug, known as Philopon, was distributed to pilots for long flights and to soldiers for combat.
    7. he British distributed 72 million standard-dose amphetamine tablets during the war, and the Americans used Benzedrine, a type of amphetamine, to help pilots stay awake during long flights.
    8. Even then, the drug continued to be dispensed on both the western and eastern fronts, with 10 million methamphetamine tablets sent to the eastern front in the first half of 1942 alone.
    9. use of Pervitin was instrumental in the success of the Blitzkrieg, allowing German troops to push ahead rapidly and catch their enemies off guard
    10. drug was often dispensed in the form of chocolate bars, known as Fliegerschokolade (flyer's chocolate) and Panzerschokolade (tanker's chocolate), and was taken by a large proportion of officers
    1. media portrayed Chinese and Korean individuals as suppliers of the drug, allowing the Japanese to cast themselves as victims of "pollution" by those they had wronged. This depiction implicitly absolved guilt for imperial opium operations on the Asian mainland. By 1954, 58.1% of suspects arrested for violating the Ban on Stimulant Drugs showed signs of hiropon addiction, and an estimated 1.5 million Japanese were stimulants users.

      mass incarceration was lokey successful, Koreans specifically discriminated against

    2. and its production and consumption remained legal until the late 1940s.
    3. ver, Japan's defeat in 1945 led to the dismantling of its empire and the end of its drug economy.
    4. After Japan's defeat in World War II, the country experienced a methamphetamine epidemic, which was eventually resolved through public campaigns against stimulant drugs.
  2. Oct 2024
  3. May 2024
    1. the whole world is affected by it opium ferret from Afghan Fields produces nearly all of the heroines sold in Europe how will prices be impacted

      for - question - how will the Taliban's successful destruction of the poppy industry affect drug supplies in Europe?

      to - youtube - Vice - The new fentanyl killing drug users in Europe - https://hyp.is/MDez0BYcEe-rq0sJ-I6FRg/docdrop.org/video/JqqfI-bIvnI/

    2. I asked him why he defied the ban if you don't have enough food in your 00:02:22 house and your children are going hungry what else will you do if we grew wheat instead we won't earn enough to survive

      for - complexity - wicked problem - polycrisis - afghanistan Taliban drug war

      wicked problem - Taliban drug war - Afghanistan produced 80% of the world's opium for heroin and now it has lauched an aggressive and successful campaign to eradicate opium production - The farmers grow opium because it is a lucrative crop and they can feed their family - It is now illegal to grow opium and the Taliban enforce by monitoring and destroying poppy fields - This is one of the ironies that poor families grow poppy to try to survive, yet are disconnected from the chaos their product causes in other parts of the world

  4. Apr 2024
    1. what is the difference between legal drugs and illegal drugs?<br /> legal drugs generate profits for big pharma via patents<br /> illegal drugs generate profits for the CIA via monopoly on high-level crime<br /> empire is the original drug cartel ... there is zero difference between mafia and police

  5. Mar 2024
    1. 0:13 fear is a hell of a drug... and 100% it paves the road to hell

      6:30 "all arguments in politics are downstream from culture."<br /> 100%. people repeat what they know, and if they know only lies, they repeat only lies...<br /> this "safe use versus prohibition" debate is soo boring, war on drugs, war on guns, war on food...

  6. Jan 2024
    1. cheap energy is a hell of a drug. we found it 200 years ago, our trip peaked about 20 years ago, and now we are getting sober, and most people hate it, because most people are stupid and have no "plan B", and when SHTF they will commit suicide, and before SHTF they will work for a suicide-culture to accelerate the collapse.

      i already had this intuition 20 years ago at the age of 15... i spent some years on self-study of psychology, to make this intuition more conscious. my "final answer" on all the problems of this world is my book: pallas. who are my friends. group composition by personality type. because obviously, most people are too stupid to choose their real friends, and instead are exploited by enemies aka "false friends".

      idiots are insulted by the radical simplicity of my proposed solution, and instead, they continue their doomed-to-fail journey to find complex-but-wrong solutions... idiots are tragic heros, fighting lost wars, dragging everyone else down to their stupid level

  7. Jul 2023
    1. 1-(3-tert-butyl-1-(quinolin-6-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-3-(2-fluoro-4-(2-(methylcarbamoyl)pyridine-4-yloxy)phenyl)urea

      compound

  8. Jan 2023
    1. Nicola grateri has spent his career fighting the country's most powerful Mafia the indrangata

      !- Title: Inside Italy's biggest mafia trial in decades!- !- Producer: BBC

      -Nicola grateri has spent his career fighting the country's most powerful Mafia the indrangata

      !- comment : violence - This is one form of violence in one part of the world which, through the drug trade spreads to the rest of the world - 60 billion Euros go to this Mafia gang for the drug trade across E. - the root problem however, is not being tackled, and that is the meaning crisis which drives consumption of these drugs - the polycrisis of humanity is supported by countless entangled and silo'ed crisis like this, affecting each other in invisible ways -

  9. Sep 2022
    1. How Long Does Cocaine Stay in Urine?Addiction, Alcoholism, Blog, News<img width="845" height="321" src="https://journeyhillside.com/wp-content/uploads/How-long-does-cocaine-stay-in-the-urine-845x321.jpg" class="attachment-entry_with_sidebar size-entry_with_sidebar wp-post-image" alt="How long does cocaine stay in the urine" /> Table of Contents Facts About CocaineHow Long Does Cocaine Stay in Urine?Dangers of Cocaine UseSigns of Cocaine AddictionHelp for Cocaine AddictionReceive Help at a Private Rehab. We Provide Comprehensive Treatment for Cocaine Addiction. You may have an upcoming drug test and are wondering, “How long does cocaine stay in the urine?” Drug testing is a common occurrence in recent years. Schools, employers, the military, and law enforcement use drug testing on a regular basis. One substance that is included in the list of substances being tested for is cocaine. Cocaine stays in the system for 3-14 days depending on various factors. It can be detected using different types of drug screens, which include urine, blood, or hair tests. Keep reading to learn more about how long cocaine stays in the urine. Facts About Cocaine Cocaine is a white powdery substance derived from coca plants in South America. The stimulant effects of cocaine speed up the central nervous system, resulting in a short-lived but powerful euphoric high. Cocaine is listed as a Schedule II controlled substance with a high potential for abuse and addiction. The highly addictive drug is ingested in white powder form, either by snorting it through the nose or rubbing it on the gums. Some will dilute the powder in water and then inject it into a vein. Others may smoke a rock crystal form of cocaine, called crack, and inhale the drug into the lungs. The effects of cocaine include intense euphoria, increased energy, sharper mental focus, and a sense of feeling invincible. Cocaine’s desirable effects do not last long. Therefore, there is a strong desire to use the drug again and again as soon as the effects wear off. With repeated use, cocaine addiction takes root. If you are worried that you are going to test positive for an upcoming drug test, please call our Team at Journey Hillside so we can help guide you to the steps to take to protect yourself from serious consequences whether from legal, job, or personal reasons. We specialize in helping people overcome these types of concerns. Call Our Confidential Helpline at 877-414-1024 or fill out our contact form and we will call you back immediately. <img class="aligncenter wp-image-5208 size-featured" src="https://journeyhillside.com/wp-content/uploads/how-long-does-coke-stay-in-your-system-1030x430.jpg" alt="how long does coke stay in your system" width="1030" height="430" /> How Long Does Cocaine Stay in Urine? To answer, “How long does cocaine stay in urine,” it helps to understand how cocaine is metabolized in the body. The drug itself is only detected in the urine for a short time, maybe up to three days. However, the liver breaks down the cocaine and releases metabolites. The main one is called benzoylecgonine. Drug tests are designed to detect this metabolite, which can remain in the body for much longer. A level of 300 micrograms per liter of this metabolite will trigger a positive test result. When screening for cocaine in urine the results can vary widely. How long the drug or its metabolites are present depends on these factors: Duration of a cocaine habit. Long-term use takes longer to clear. Mode of ingesting the drug: did the person snort, inject, or smoke the cocaine? Is there also alcohol in the system? The person’s BMI, as metabolites can be stored in fat cells. In general: One time user, 3-5 days; heavy cocaine dose, up to seven days; chronic user, 5-14 days. If you are concerned about how long cocaine remains in the urine, it may be a sign of addiction. Being aware of the risks linked to cocaine abuse can help you nip a substance problem in the bud. Dangers of Cocaine Use If you are using cocaine recreationally or even on a daily basis, the consequences can start taking a serious toll on your personal life, physically, socially, and mentally. Physically and medically, there are some serious adverse effects caused by long-term cocaine use. Cocaine can damage the heart muscle as well as cause inflammation of the inner heart tissues. These effects can result in heart attacks or cardiac arrhythmia. Damage to the cartilage inside the nose can become very severe. Cocaine can cause inflammation in the lining of the nose. Eventually, the blood supply to nasal tissues is blocked, leading to the loss of bone. Total reconstruction may be required to restore the structure of the nose. Receive Guidance, Call Now (877) 414-1024 Something referred to as “coke mouth” is also an effect of long-term cocaine use. This is a type of dry mouth that is caused by reduced saliva production. With less saliva, the gums and teeth are not protected. This leads to tooth decay and gum disease. Other long-term adverse effects caused by cocaine abuse include: Kidney damage. Enlarged heart. Vascular damage. Insomnia Anxiety Depression Financial ruin. Signs of Cocaine Addiction As with all substances, tolerance will increase with repeated cocaine use. Once the cycle of addiction takes hold, it is very hard to break. People find themselves enslaved to the cocaine, which leads to serious consequences affecting mental health, physical health, finances, and relationships. Symptoms of cocaine addiction include: Manic mood. Weight loss. Sores around the mouth. Long periods without sleep. Nosebleeds Hyperactivity Muscle tics. Agitation High-risk behaviors. Drug cravings. Become obsessed about obtaining the cocaine and getting high. Major money problems. Having withdrawal symptoms when the drug is not available. Help for Cocaine Addiction Cocaine addiction is very hard to overcome without expert treatment. Getting the support and guidance needed to beat a coke addiction is crucial. You can expect treatment to include the following: Detox and withdrawal. During detox, you will be given the support you need to endure the process. Withdrawal symptoms can be difficult, and include: Extreme fatigue Chills Headaches. Muscle aches. Slowed thinking. Feeling agitated. Sleep problems Intense nightmares. Feeling restless. Increased appetite. Depression Hallucinations. Paranoid thoughts. Suicidal thoughts. Therapy. Individual and group therapy are the core treatment elements of addiction treatment. For cocaine addiction, these forms of therapy work best: Contingency Management. CM works through the use of a reward system. You earn rewards, like points, gifts, privileges, or vouchers, in exchange for abstinence from cocaine. This helps shape your behavior choices while you are learning to live without the drug. CBT. CBT teaches you better ways to respond to cocaine cravings or other triggers. Through the help of a CBT therapist, you address the disordered thought patterns that led to drug use. Holistic methods. Learn how to improve the overall health of mind, body, and spirit. You’ll be counseled in eating a healthy diet, getting exercise, and learning how to manage stress. 12-step program. The themes of N.A. or A.A. are helpful for progressing in recovery. Classes. Learn how to prevent relapse when you acquire new coping skills that help protect the recovery. It is one thing to learn the answer to “how long does cocaine stay in the urine” It is quite another to be able to recognize that you may have a cocaine problem. If you need help breaking free of cocaine, reach out for help now. Receive Help at a Private Rehab. We Provide Comprehensive Treatment for Cocaine Addiction. Journey Hillside is a private addiction recovery center that uses the most effective treatment available for substance use disorder. If you have been using cocaine and wonder how long cocaine stays in urine, you may be headed toward addiction. Reach out to us for help today at (877) 414-1024.

      Cocaine stays in the system for 3-14 days depending on various factors. It can be detected using different types of drug screens, which include urine, blood, or hair tests. Keep reading to learn more about how long does cocaine stay in urine.

  10. Aug 2022
    1. Meng, B., Abdullahi, A., Ferreira, I. A. T. M., Goonawardane, N., Saito, A., Kimura, I., Yamasoba, D., Gerber, P. P., Fatihi, S., Rathore, S., Zepeda, S. K., Papa, G., Kemp, S. A., Ikeda, T., Toyoda, M., Tan, T. S., Kuramochi, J., Mitsunaga, S., Ueno, T., … Gupta, R. K. (2022). Altered TMPRSS2 usage by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron impacts tropism and fusogenicity. Nature, 1–1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04474-x

  11. Mar 2022
  12. Feb 2022
    1. Agarwal, A., Rochwerg, B., Lamontagne, F., Siemieniuk, R. A., Agoritsas, T., Askie, L., Lytvyn, L., Leo, Y.-S., Macdonald, H., Zeng, L., Amin, W., Barragan, F. A., Bausch, F. J., Burhan, E., Calfee, C. S., Cecconi, M., Chanda, D., Dat, V. Q., Sutter, A. D., … Vandvik, P. O. (2020). A living WHO guideline on drugs for covid-19. BMJ, 370, m3379. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3379

  13. Nov 2021
  14. Oct 2021
  15. Sep 2021
  16. Jun 2021
    1. And that's the day I got caught up with the blunt in my ear and the security caught me. From there on, I had to go to court fighting the cases and then basically I just like—

      Time in US - encounters with police - arrest Drug - taking drugs

    2. When you smoke, it makes you feel like nothing is important. All your problems go away basically. And it was just like a coping mechanism to just go on every day with my life. I felt like if I didn't have that, there was no point. My life was whack.... There was one point in time that I had to smoke before I do something fun.

      Time in US - taking drugs - coping mechanism - addiction

    3. I don't like to be high because I used to fight a lot. I would always see that when I would smoke, I would always get beat up. This is an everyday thing fighting, because you have to. You are in the wrong hood, you're wearing the wrong color, you're going to get beat up.

      Time in US - drugs - taking drugs - affiliation with gangs - fights

    4. It was a hotel casino. And the security stopped me and they told me, “What was that?” And since it was marijuana was illegal they told me I had to go to jail. So I went to jail. I stayed a day—

      Leaving the US - reason for exit - drug possession

  17. Apr 2021
  18. Feb 2021
  19. Sep 2020
    1. Specifically, social workers assist families by making referrals for alcohol and drug assessments, inpatient and outpatient treatment programs, family therapy, and support groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous

      What is the success rate of these programs? They DO NOT work... People with addiction problems need one on one help so they can understand their situation and what's going on i in their heads, and how they are impacting their children....

      The groups give them a swamp/ place to dwell. With Lillian, it was a place for her to feel sorry for herself and for others to "comfort" her. When she came home, we were the bad guys for not understanding.

      • programs are not a one size fit all. If they work at all.
  20. Aug 2020
    1. Chen, Y., Yang, W.-H., Huang, L.-M., Wang, Y.-C., Yang, C.-S., Liu, Y.-L., Hou, M.-H., Tsai, C.-L., Chou, Y.-Z., Huang, B.-Y., Hung, C.-F., Hung, Y.-L., Chen, J.-S., Chiang, Y.-P., Cho, D.-Y., Jeng, L.-B., Tsai, C.-H., & Hung, M.-C. (2020). Inhibition of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 main protease by tafenoquine in vitro. BioRxiv, 2020.08.14.250258. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.14.250258

    1. Luban, J., Sattler, R., Mühlberger, E., Graci, J. D., Cao, L., Weetall, M., Trotta, C., Colacino, J. M., Bavari, S., Strambio-De-Castillia, C., Suder, E. L., Wang, Y., Soloveva, V., Cintron-Lue, K., Naryshkin, N. A., Pykett, M., Welch, E. M., O’Keefe, K., Kong, R., … Peltz, S. (2020). The DHODH Inhibitor PTC299 Arrests SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Suppresses Induction of Inflammatory Cytokines. BioRxiv, 2020.08.05.238394. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.05.238394

  21. Jul 2020
  22. Jun 2020
  23. May 2020
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  25. Aug 2019
  26. Mar 2019
    1. CONCLUSION: Tolerance to famotidine occurs during continuous administration for 14 days, as previously shown in ranitidine studies.

      This is good for my purposes. It means high doses can be taken for brain effects without disturbing stomach acidity. The question remains, of course, whether coinciding CNS tolerance develops.

    1. We have previously shown that antinociceptive effects of morphine are enhanced in histamine H1 receptor gene knockout mice.

      H1 antihistamines enhance the opioid high in humans. Hospitals sometimes administer antihistamines in combination with opioids. It's not hard to find people online who are using this combination recreationally.

  27. Feb 2019
    1. The nomination has sparked criticism, however, over Mr Azar’s own track record at Eli Lilly, a pharmaceuticals giant that was one of several to repeatedly increased the price of insulin, a life-saving drug used to treat diabetes. 

      The man should be prosecuted. Evil!

  28. Mar 2018
    1. In the past decade, the academic debate over cognitive enhancement (CE) unfolded largely isolated from the notoriously thorny debates about drug policy reform and the successes and failures of the international drug control regime (ICR). In hindsight, this approach proved beneficial

      Debate over drug policy has been a long history in the United States. More drugs are starting to be legal in the United States because some may be used for prescription for to treat a disease. There has been a bad side against prescription drugs because many Americans are abusing prescription drugs. Prescription drug abuse is a social problem in the United States. Some prescription drugs are leading to health issues because many people do not care about the side effects. Overall the annotation reminded me of todays issue against drugs and how we are using it against many different diseases.

  29. Mar 2017
    1. Unfortunately, penicillin was ineffective against the rabbit's infection. Disappointed, Fleming set the drug aside for a decade, as the rabbits had "proved" the drug was useless as a systemic medication.Years later, he administered the drug in desperation to a dying patient, for whom all other treatments were ineffectual. The penicillin performed a miracle, and the rest is history.

      Interesting how these two sources contradict each other with regards to why Fleming did not release Penicillin for ten years.

      Article: Understanding animal research

    1. Had Fleming himself carried out a simple and well established animal test - the mouse protection test - the potential of his discovery might have been realised 10 years earlier

      Interesting how these two sources contradict each other with regards to why Fleming did not release Penicillin for ten years.

      Article: Would drugs be safe for us without animal tests?

  30. Dec 2016
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  32. Sep 2015
    1. Examining a sample of states, Neal found that from 1985 to 2000, the likelihood of a long prison sentence nearly doubled for drug possession, tripled for drug trafficking
  33. Jul 2015
    1. Homeopathy, on the other hand, uses highly diluted and succussed doses of natural substances - usually plants and minerals.  It is this dilution that makes homeopathy safer than allopathy and herbalism, and the succussion that allows remedies to retain their effectiveness, despite their high dilution.  This ‘minimum dose’ concept is one of the key principles of homeopathy, also developed in the late 1800's.

      Surprisingly this author does not even seem to know the real history of homeopathy. It was invented in the late 18th century not the `late 1800's' (sic - incorrect use of apostrophe).

    2. Allopathy (pharmaceutical medicine) uses extracts of active ingredients, often sourced from the same plants used by herbalists and homeopaths, that are then reproduced synthetically and highly concentrated in laboratories for use as drugs.  This process is then patented, and was developed in the late 1800's. 

      This paragraph displays amazing ignorance of drug development. Firstly,`allopathy' is a pejorative term invented by homeopaths. It has no meaning in science or medicine.

      Whereas modern pharmacy grew out of certain historical practices such as herbal medicine, most modern drugs are designed from a detailed knowledge of biochemical mechanisms. They are not extracts, are not necessarily highly concentrated, and are formulated as a result of rigorous dose-ranging studies in human subjects. It is untrue to claim that the drug development process used today is similar to that used in the late 1800s.

  34. Jun 2015
    1. But the marriage equality movement has been curiously hostile to polygamy, and for a particularly unsatisfying reason: short-term political need.

      I hope that the focus on prohibition by the drug policy reform movement helps sidestep a similar effect happening with cannabis.