Shneiderman’s design principles for creativity support tools
Ben Shneiderman's work is deeply influential in HCI; his work has assisted in creating strong connections between tech and creativity, especially when applied to fostering innovation.
his 2007 national science foundation funded report on creativity support tools, led by UMD, provides a seminal overview of the definitions of creativity at that time.
46:00 Social anxiety as "disordered attention" (HealthyGamer) where we fixate on certain signals too much. It warps incoming information. Positive signals are filtered out and attention is fixated on negative information.
54:00 "Distorting the flow of information" (also see Mihaly jump) Information is internal based rather than external (because attention is internally directed rather than externally).
Reminds me of Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi his notion of psychic entropy where consciousness is essentially disordered. One can say that social anxiety contributes to entropy.
ces gadients sociaux reflètent une pluralité de de facteurs mais je voudrais ici insister sur les barrières de nature informationnel parce qu'il s'agit d'un 00:11:47 facteur sur lequel il semble possible d'intervenir assez rapidement d'une part les parents issus des milieux populaires au moins souvent accès à des sources d'experts tels que des articles de des 00:11:59 journaux des livres euh des sites web des blogs sur les liens entre parentalité éducation et développement des enfants d'autre part ces informations circulent moins souvent 00:12:10 dans le cercles sociaux et sans surprise les chercheurs ont identifier des gadiiens sociaux importants dans la familiarité des parents de différents milieux sociaux euh avec un ensemble d'activités de pratiqu 00:12:24 qui peuvent euh euh stimuler le développement cognitif et socioémotionnel des enfants or si les familles socialement défavorisées ont une connaissance plus limitée des bienfaits de ces activités 00:12:37 des informations qui apportent des des interventions qui apportent des informations et des conseils pratiques aux parents pour à la fois favoriser ses activités stimuler les apprentissages informels et réduire les inégalités 00:12:49 sociales correspondantes
1:04:00 Build information capital and social capital
What do change over time "are the particular rituals and customs and expectations and rules pertaining to trust in society," she adds. "As those norms are shifting, as they did quite massively in the 19th century, you have the perfect conditions for exploiting the gaps between new and old. That shift to modernity was often the very script of the con."
Many confidence games rely on information imbalance in the gaps between old and new ways of doing things.
This was certainly true in the 19 C. as well as with technology changes in the 20th and 21st C.
Recent work has revealed several new and significant aspects of the dynamics of theory change. First, statistical information, information about the probabilistic contingencies between events, plays a particularly important role in theory-formation both in science and in childhood. In the last fifteen years we’ve discovered the power of early statistical learning.
The data of the past is congruent with the current psychological trends that face the education system of today. Developmentalists have charted how children construct and revise intuitive theories. In turn, a variety of theories have developed because of the greater use of statistical information that supports probabilistic contingencies that help to better inform us of causal models and their distinctive cognitive functions. These studies investigate the physical, psychological, and social domains. In the case of intuitive psychology, or "theory of mind," developmentalism has traced a progression from an early understanding of emotion and action to an understanding of intentions and simple aspects of perception, to an understanding of knowledge vs. ignorance, and finally to a representational and then an interpretive theory of mind.
The mechanisms by which life evolved—from chemical beginnings to cognizing human beings—are central to understanding the psychological basis of learning. We are the product of an evolutionary process and it is the mechanisms inherent in this process that offer the most probable explanations to how we think and learn.
Bada, & Olusegun, S. (2015). Constructivism Learning Theory : A Paradigm for Teaching and Learning.
Information ecology as a mind tool for repurposing of educational social networks
Consider Eco’s caution against “the alibi of photocopies”: “A student makes hundreds of pages of photocopies and takes them home, and the manual labor he exercises in doing so gives him the impression that he possesses the work. Owning the photocopies exempts the student from actually reading them. This sort of vertigo of accumulation, a neocapitalism of information, happens to many.” Many of us suffer from an accelerated version of this nowadays, as we effortlessly bookmark links or save articles to Instapaper, satisfied with our aspiration to hoard all this new information, unsure if we will ever get around to actually dealing with it.
neocapitalism of information!!
Is information overload compounded by our information hoarding tendencies?
La Défenseure des droits recommande auxdirecteurs académiques, en concertation avecles collèges et lycées, de diffuser à chaquerentrée scolaire, via un support adapté (livretd’accueil, etc.), les informations relatives àla présence au sein de l’établissement, del’assistante sociale et de l’infirmière scolaire.Une information systématique à destinationdes parents sur l’accès à la médecine scolairedoit aussi être organisée.
Recommandadion 12
The paradox of information systems[edit] Drummond suggests in her paper in 2008 that computer-based information systems can undermine or even destroy the organisation that they were meant to support, and it is precisely what makes them useful that makes them destructive – a phenomenon encapsulated by the Icarus Paradox.[9] For examples, a defence communication system is designed to improve efficiency by eliminating the need for meetings between military commanders who can now simply use the system to brief one another or answer to a higher authority. However, this new system becomes destructive precisely because the commanders no longer need to meet face-to-face, which consequently weakened mutual trust, thus undermining the organisation.[10] Ultimately, computer-based systems are reliable and efficient only to a point. For more complex tasks, it is recommended for organisations to focus on developing their workforce. A reason for the paradox is that rationality assumes that more is better, but intensification may be counter-productive.[11]
From Wikipedia page on Icarus Paradox. Example of architectural design/technical debt leading to an "interest rate" that eventually collapsed the organization. How can one "pay down the principle" and not just the "compound interest"? What does that look like for this scenario? More invest in workforce retraining?
Humans are complex, adaptive systems. Machines have a long history of being complicated, efficient (but not robust) systems. Is there a way to bridge this gap? What does an antifragile system of machines look like? Supervised learning? How do we ensure we don't fall prey to the oracle problem?
Baskerville, R.L.; Land, F. (2004). "Socially Self-destructing Systems". The Social Study of Information and Communication Technology: Innovation, actors, contexts. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 263–285
Edgerly noted that disinformation spreads through two ways: The use of technology and human nature.Click-based advertising, news aggregation, the process of viral spreading and the ease of creating and altering websites are factors considered under technology.“Facebook and Google prioritize giving people what they ‘want’ to see; advertising revenue (are) based on clicks, not quality,” Edgerly said.She noted that people have the tendency to share news and website links without even reading its content, only its headline. According to her, this perpetuates a phenomenon of viral spreading or easy sharing.There is also the case of human nature involved, where people are “most likely to believe” information that supports their identities and viewpoints, Edgerly cited.“Vivid, emotional information grabs attention (and) leads to more responses (such as) likes, comments, shares. Negative information grabs more attention than (the) positive and is better remembered,” she said.Edgerly added that people tend to believe in information that they see on a regular basis and those shared by their immediate families and friends.
Spreading misinformation and disinformation is really easy in this day and age because of how accessible information is and how much of it there is on the web. This is explained precisely by Edgerly. Noted in this part of the article, there is a business for the spread of disinformation, particularly in our country. There are people who pay what we call online trolls, to spread disinformation and capitalize on how “chronically online” Filipinos are, among many other factors (i.e., most Filipinos’ information illiteracy due to poverty and lack of educational attainment, how easy it is to interact with content we see online, regardless of its authenticity, etc.). Disinformation also leads to misinformation through word-of-mouth. As stated by Edgerly in this article, “people tend to believe in information… shared by their immediate families and friends”; because of people’s human nature to trust the information shared by their loved ones, if one is not information literate, they will not question their newly received information. Lastly, it most certainly does not help that social media algorithms nowadays rely on what users interact with; the more that a user interacts with a certain information, the more that social media platforms will feed them that information. It does not help because not all social media websites have fact checkers and users can freely spread disinformation if they chose to.
“Limited individual attention and online virality of low-quality information,” By Xiaoyan Qiu et al., in Nature Human Behaviour, Vol. 1, June 2017
The upshot of this paper seems to be "information overload alone can explain why fake news can become viral."
Šrol, J., Cavojova, V., & Mikušková, E. B. (2021). Social consequences of COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs: Evidence from two studies in Slovakia. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/y4svc
Seaman, K. L., Christensen, A. P., Senn, K., Cooper, J., & Cassidy, B. S. (2022). Age Differences in the Social Associative Learning of Trust Information. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/b38rd
In part in order to heighten his praise of Aldus as the ideal printer, Erasmus noted by contrast that most printers, given the absence of regulations, “fill the world with pamphlets and books [that are] . . . foolish, ignorant, malig-nant, libellous, mad, impious and subversive; and such is the flood that even
things that might have done some good lose all their goodness.”198 The overabundance of bad books drowned out even any good bits that might be present among them.
And we now say these same sorts of things about the internet and social media.
Sarah Mojarad. (2020, October 23). What are some of the positive consequences of social media? Would love to hear your stories! [Tweet]. @Sarah_Mojarad. https://twitter.com/Sarah_Mojarad/status/1319722197766733825
ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 26). RT @PsyArXivBot: Confidence of others trumps confidence of self in social information use https://t.co/Tvanez1cjS [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1502295445527277574
Fidalgo, P. (2022, February 22). How the Hell Did It Get This Bad? Timothy Caulfield Battles the Infodemic, March 3 | Center for Inquiry. https://centerforinquiry.org/news/how-the-hell-did-it-get-this-bad-timothy-caulfield-battles-the-infodemic-march-3/
Gradassi, A., Bos, W. van den, & Molleman, L. (2022). Confidence of others trumps confidence of self in social information use. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/mqyu2
This article is for those who want to keep traveling despite restrictions due to covid. Basically giving tips on how to navigate the multiple governmental restrictions and policies including links to airline or country websites for choosing destinations. Because of this trend in travel advice in covid times, we may see attitudes towards travel shift to travel knowing the risks involved (quarantine, masks requirements, etc.) and hence see tourism rise again. Last minute covid holiday packages. What if the trend for remaining home also stayed the same for next five years and the adventure seekers become the avatars for the folks who want to stay at home.
The crisis is changing the way how people will enjoy their international holiday, with an extra concern on testing and quarantine expenses and risk taking. That may have an impact on the tourism market, asking the airline companies to provide flexible policies /products and may witness the booming of travel insurance market.
R e c o m m a n d at i o n n ° 1 2 La Défenseure des droits recommande aux directeurs académiques, en concertation avec les collèges et lycées, de diffuser à chaque rentrée scolaire, via un support adapté (livret d’accueil, etc.), les informations relatives à la présence au sein de l’établissement, de l’assistante sociale et de l’infirmière scolaire. Une information systématique à destination des parents sur l’accès à la médecine scolaire doit aussi être organisée
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Cochrane. (2021, November 10). 🤔 Um, @instagram you got this one wrong! @cochranecollab and @CochraneLibrary continue to be there for those looking to use high-quality information to make #health decisions. Learn more: Https://buff.ly/2R3c82O And search our evidence: Https://buff.ly/2vbkhIJ #infodemic https://t.co/m6NUItZ3tu [Tweet]. @cochranecollab. https://twitter.com/cochranecollab/status/1458439812357185536
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We do, even asking in our conclusion, “How might the social life of annotation serve the public good?” Any social benefit mediated by annotation must address power.
The parallel structure here reminds me of the book The Social Life of Information which is surely related to this idea in a subtle way. I wonder if they cited it in their bibliography? I wonder if it influenced this sentence?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Social_Life_of_Information
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Pillai, Raunak, and Lisa Fazio. “The Effects of Repeating False and Misleading Information on Belief.” PsyArXiv, August 3, 2021. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/z78xm.
He mentions Amazon wishlists that pile up and never get used. Similar to the way people pile up bookmarks and never use or revisit them.
One of the benefits of commonplace books (and tools like Obsidian, et al.) is that one is forced to re-see or re-discover these over time. This restumbling upon these things can be incredibly valuable.
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Just as journalists should be able to write about anything they want, comedians should be able to do the same and tell jokes about anything they please
where's the line though? every output generates a feedback loop with the hivemind, turning into input to ourselves with our cracking, overwhelmed, filters
it's unrealistic to wish everyone to see jokes are jokes, to rely on journalists to generate unbiased facts, and politicians as self serving leeches, err that's my bias speaking
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Ammerman, B. A., Burke, T. A., Jacobucci, R., & McClure, K. (2020, April 6). Preliminary Investigation of the Association Between COVID-19 and Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in the U.S. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/68djp
Resource List for pandemic and COVID-19 related topics.
Santana, C., Botta, F., Barbosa, H., Privitera, F., Menezes, R., Di Clemente, R. (2020 April 8). COVID-19 UK mobility report. Covid19-uk-mobility.github.io. https://covid19-uk-mobility.github.io/First-report.html
Koren, M., & Petö, R. (2020, March 20). Business disruptions from social distancing. Cornel University. arXiv:2003.13983.
Kamel Boulos, M.N., Geraghty, E.M. Geographical tracking and mapping of coronavirus disease COVID-19/severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic and associated events around the world: how 21st century GIS technologies are supporting the global fight against outbreaks and epidemics. Int J Health Geogr 19, 8 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12942-020-00202-8
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Michael Veale on Twitter.
British Psychological Society. Responding to Coronavirus: Resources and support. https://www.bps.org.uk/responding-coronavirus
Nielsen, R.K., Fletcher, R., Newman, N., Brennen, S., Howard, P.N. (2020 April 15). Navigating the ‘infodemic’: how people in six countries access and rate news and information about coronavirus. Reuters Institute. https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/infodemic-how-people-six-countries-access-and-rate-news-and-information-about-coronavirus
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Alam, F., Sajjad, H., Imran, M., & Ofli, F. (2020). Standardizing and Benchmarking Crisis-related Social Media Datasets for Humanitarian Information Processing. ArXiv:2004.06774 [Cs]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.06774
Upon the efficient consumption and summarizing of news from around the world. Remember? from when we though the internet would provide us timely, pertinent information from around the world? How do we find internet information in a timely fashion? I have been told to do this through Twitter or Facebook, but, seriously… no. Those are systems designed to waste time with stupid distractions in order to benefit someone else. Facebook is informative in the same way that thumb sucking is nourishing. Telling me to use someone’s social website to gain information is like telling me to play poker machines to fix my financial troubles.. Stop that.
It is based on reciprocity and a level of trust that each party is actively seeking value-added information for the other.
Seems like this is a critical assumption to examine for current media literacy/misinformation discussions. As networks become very large and very flat, does this assumption of reciprocity and good faith hold? (I'm thinking, here, of people whose expertise I trust in one domain but perhaps not in another, or the fact that sometimes I'm talking to one part of my network and not really "actively seeking information" for other parts.)
As Coyle and Meier (2009) argue, disasters are often seen as crises of information where it is vital to make sure that people know where to find potable water, how to ask for help, where their relatives are, or if their home is at risk; as well as providing emergency response and human-itarian agencies with information about affected populations. Such a quest for information for ‘security’, in turn, provides fertile ground for a quest for technological solutions, such as big data, which open up opportunities for the extended surveillance of everyday life. The assumption is that if only enough information could be gathered and exchanged, preparedness, resilience and control would follow. This is particularly pertinent with regard to mobile pop-ulations (Adey and Kirby 2016)
The Information is Aid perspective that drives my research agenda.
Sobel, D. M. & Kirkham, N.Z. (2012). The influence of social information on children’s statistical and causal inferences. In F.Xu (Ed.). Rational constructivism in cognitive development.