- May 2018
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www.naturalnews.com www.naturalnews.com
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One woman, who was at the Route 91 music event, claimed an unidentified woman had told other concert-goers they were “all going to die” after pushing her way to the front of the venue.
Question:What kind of evidence do they give?
Answer:It uses witness statements and observations from videos. It then uses logic and practicality to question the idea that there was a lone shooter.
Highlight:
One woman, who was at the Route 91 music event, claimed an unidentified woman had told other concert-goers they were “all going to die” after pushing her way to the front of the venue.
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It’s clear that neither of these two people were the shooter, as the shooter is a much taller Caucasian man. Thus, this is not a “lone gunman” massacre. There was coordination.
Question:What kind of evidence do they give?
Answer:It uses witness statements and observations from videos. It then uses logic and practicality to question the idea that there was a lone shooter.
Highlight:
It’s clear that neither of these two people were the shooter, as the shooter is a much taller Caucasian man. Thus, this is not a “lone gunman” massacre. There was coordination.
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The multitude of videos that captured the event clearly indicate that at least one shooter was running a full auto weapons system. Such weapons are almost impossible for “civilians” to acquire.
Question:What kind of evidence do they give?
Answer:It uses witness statements and observations from videos. It then uses logic and practicality to question the idea that there was a lone shooter.
Highlight:
The multitude of videos that captured the event clearly indicate that at least one shooter was running a full auto weapons system. Such weapons are almost impossible for “civilians” to acquire.
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Numerous reports from witnesses who were on the scene reveal that nearly all the exits were blocked.
Question:What kind of evidence do they give?
Answer:It uses witness statements and observations from videos. It then uses logic and practicality to question the idea that there was a lone shooter.
Highlight:
Numerous reports from witnesses who were on the scene reveal that nearly all the exits were blocked.
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According to news reports, the shooter — identified as Stephen Paddock — had as many as 10 firearms in his room, including several rifles. If he was the only shooter, what’s the point of having so many rifles?
Question:What kind of evidence do they give?
Answer:It uses witness statements and observations from videos. It then uses logic and practicality to question the idea that there was a lone shooter.
Highlight:
According to news reports, the shooter — identified as Stephen Paddock — had as many as 10 firearms in his room, including several rifles. If he was the only shooter, what’s the point of having so many rifles?
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I find the idea that a lone, elderly man would carry so many rifles to a hotel room for no practical reason to be highly suspicious. It makes no sense at all.
Question:What kind of evidence do they give?
Answer:It uses witness statements and observations from videos. It then uses logic and practicality to question the idea that there was a lone shooter.
Highlight:
I find the idea that a lone, elderly man would carry so many rifles to a hotel room for no practical reason to be highly suspicious. It makes no sense at all.
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I find the idea that a lone, elderly man would carry so many rifles to a hotel room for no practical reason to be highly suspicious. It makes no sense at all.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Other kind of evidence
Highlight:
I find the idea that a lone, elderly man would carry so many rifles to a hotel room for no practical reason to be highly suspicious. It makes no sense at all.
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According to news reports, the shooter — identified as Stephen Paddock — had as many as 10 firearms in his room, including several rifles. If he was the only shooter, what’s the point of having so many rifles?
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Other kind of evidence
Highlight:
According to news reports, the shooter — identified as Stephen Paddock — had as many as 10 firearms in his room, including several rifles. If he was the only shooter, what’s the point of having so many rifles?
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Numerous reports from witnesses who were on the scene reveal that nearly all the exits were blocked.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Other kind of evidence
Highlight:
Numerous reports from witnesses who were on the scene reveal that nearly all the exits were blocked.
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The multitude of videos that captured the event clearly indicate that at least one shooter was running a full auto weapons system. Such weapons are almost impossible for “civilians” to acquire.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Other kind of evidence
Highlight:
The multitude of videos that captured the event clearly indicate that at least one shooter was running a full auto weapons system. Such weapons are almost impossible for “civilians” to acquire.
-
It’s clear that neither of these two people were the shooter, as the shooter is a much taller Caucasian man. Thus, this is not a “lone gunman” massacre. There was coordination.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Other kind of evidence
Highlight:
It’s clear that neither of these two people were the shooter, as the shooter is a much taller Caucasian man. Thus, this is not a “lone gunman” massacre. There was coordination.
-
One woman, who was at the Route 91 music event, claimed an unidentified woman had told other concert-goers they were “all going to die” after pushing her way to the front of the venue.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Other kind of evidence
Highlight:
One woman, who was at the Route 91 music event, claimed an unidentified woman had told other concert-goers they were “all going to die” after pushing her way to the front of the venue.
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If this shooting was carried out by multiple shooters, it would obviously indicate planning and coordination among a group of people who sought to carry out the shooting for a political purpose of some kind.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Other kind of evidence
Highlight:
If this shooting was carried out by multiple shooters, it would obviously indicate planning and coordination among a group of people who sought to carry out the shooting for a political purpose of some kind.
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multiple witnesses are openly reporting the presence of multiple shooters.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Other kind of evidence
Highlight:
multiple witnesses are openly reporting the presence of multiple shooters.
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CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims
Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.
Answer:No Causal Claim
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CredCo Indicator:Tone - Exaggerated Claims
Question:Does the author exaggerate any claims? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
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It makes no sense at all.
CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged
Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:Sort of
Highlight:
It makes no sense at all.
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it would obviously indicate
CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged
Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:Sort of
Highlight:
it would obviously indicate
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CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Naturalistic
Question:Does the author suggest that something is good because it is natural, or bad because it is not natural (the naturalistic fallacy)?
Answer:No
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CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Appeal to Fear
Question:Does the author exaggerate the dangers of a situation and use scare tactics to persuade (the appeal to fear fallacy)?
Answer:No
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CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Slippery Slope
Question:Does the author say that one small change will lead to a major change (use a slippery slope argument)? Highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
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CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - False Dilemma
Question:Does the author present a complicated choice as if it were binary (construct a false dilemma)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
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CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Straw Man
Question:Does the author present the counterargument as a weaker, more foolish version of the real counterargument (use a Straw Man Argument)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
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Although some pre-1986 full auto weapons are available for sale, they require extensive ATF documentation, background checks and extremely long wait periods approaching one year. Plus, they tend to cost $25,000 or more, and they’re extremely rare.
CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Acknowledge Uncertainty
Question:Do they acknowledge uncertainty or the possibility that things might be otherwise? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:Sort of
Highlight:
Although some pre-1986 full auto weapons are available for sale, they require extensive ATF documentation, background checks and extremely long wait periods approaching one year. Plus, they tend to cost $25,000 or more, and they’re extremely rare.
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This could reasonably be the result of confusion and chaos,
CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Acknowledge Uncertainty
Question:Do they acknowledge uncertainty or the possibility that things might be otherwise? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:Sort of
Highlight:
This could reasonably be the result of confusion and chaos,
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CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Extent Claims Justified
Question:To what extent does their confidence in their claims seem justified?
Answer:Somewhat justified
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Fox News,
CredCo Indicator:Citation of Organizations
Question:Highlight each organization cited:
Answer:Cited Organization 4
Highlight:
Fox News,
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Clark County Sheriff in Vegas,
CredCo Indicator:Citation of Organizations
Question:Highlight each organization cited:
Answer:Cited Organization 3
Highlight:
Clark County Sheriff in Vegas,
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UK Express:
CredCo Indicator:Citation of Organizations
Question:Highlight each organization cited:
Answer:Cited Organization 2
Highlight:
UK Express:
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law enforcement
CredCo Indicator:Citation of Organizations
Question:Highlight each organization cited:
Answer:Cited Organization 1
Highlight:
law enforcement
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caller named Russell Bleck, who survived the shooting,
Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.
Answer:Other
Highlight:
caller named Russell Bleck, who survived the shooting,
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Numerous reports from witnesses
Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.
Answer:Other
Highlight:
Numerous reports from witnesses
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multitude of videos that captured the event
Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.
Answer:Other
Highlight:
multitude of videos that captured the event
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multiple witnesses are openly reporting the presence of multiple shooters.
Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.
Answer:Other
Highlight:
multiple witnesses are openly reporting the presence of multiple shooters.
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unnamed witness, who was attending the event on her 21st birthday,
Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.
Answer:Other
Highlight:
unnamed witness, who was attending the event on her 21st birthday,
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Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.
Answer:Organizations
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CredCo Indicator:Single Study Article
Question:Is this article primarily about a single scientific study?
Answer:No
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just don’t add up about the Las Vegas mass shooting
CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title
Question:What clickbait techniques does this headline employ (select all that apply)?
Answer:Hidden secret or trick (“Fitness Companies Hate Him...”, “Experts are Dying to Know Their Secret”)
Highlight:
just don’t add up about the Las Vegas mass shooting
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Five things
CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title
Question:What clickbait techniques does this headline employ (select all that apply)?
Answer:Listicle (“6 Tips on …”)
Highlight:
Five things
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CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title
Question:Is the headline clickbaity?
Answer:Very much clickbaity
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CredCo Indicator:Title Representativeness
Question:Question: Does the title of the article accurately reflect the content of the article?
Answer:Completely Representative
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Question:Rate your impression of the credibility of this article
Answer:Medium credibility
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leftaction.com leftaction.com
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CredCo Indicator:Inference - Convincing Evidence
Question:How convincing do you find the evidence given for the primary claim?
Answer:Not at All Convincing
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Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:No evidence given
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CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims
Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.
Answer:No Causal Claim
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CredCo Indicator:Tone - Exaggerated Claims
Question:Does the author exaggerate any claims? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
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hypocrites!"
CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged
Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:Yes
Highlight:
hypocrites!"
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Send the Republicans a message. Tell them "Repeal your own government-subsidized health care first,
CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged
Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:Yes
Highlight:
Send the Republicans a message. Tell them "Repeal your own government-subsidized health care first,
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So they want to take away health care from millions, but still keep their own sweetheart deal? No way.
CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged
Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:Yes
Highlight:
So they want to take away health care from millions, but still keep their own sweetheart deal? No way.
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CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Naturalistic
Question:Does the author suggest that something is good because it is natural, or bad because it is not natural (the naturalistic fallacy)?
Answer:No
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CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Appeal to Fear
Question:Does the author exaggerate the dangers of a situation and use scare tactics to persuade (the appeal to fear fallacy)?
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Slippery Slope
Question:Does the author say that one small change will lead to a major change (use a slippery slope argument)? Highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
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CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - False Dilemma
Question:Does the author present a complicated choice as if it were binary (construct a false dilemma)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
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CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Straw Man
Question:Does the author present the counterargument as a weaker, more foolish version of the real counterargument (use a Straw Man Argument)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
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CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Acknowledge Uncertainty
Question:Do they acknowledge uncertainty or the possibility that things might be otherwise? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
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CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Extent Claims Justified
Question:To what extent does their confidence in their claims seem justified?
Answer:Not at all justified
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Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.
Answer:None
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CredCo Indicator:Single Study Article
Question:Is this article primarily about a single scientific study?
Answer:No
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hypocrites!
CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title
Question:What clickbait techniques does this headline employ (select all that apply)?
Answer:Provoking emotions, such as shock or surprise (“...Shocking Result”, “...Leave You in Tears”)
Highlight:
hypocrites!
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CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title
Question:Is the headline clickbaity?
Answer:Somewhat clickbaity
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CredCo Indicator:Title Representativeness
Question:Question: Does the title of the article accurately reflect the content of the article?
Answer:Somewhat Representative
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Question:Rate your impression of the credibility of this article
Answer:Very low credibility
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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CredCo Indicator:Inference - Convincing Evidence
Question:How convincing do you find the evidence given for the primary claim?
Answer:Fairly Convincing
-
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:No evidence given
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CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims
Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.
Answer:No Causal Claim
-
CredCo Indicator:Tone - Exaggerated Claims
Question:Does the author exaggerate any claims? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged
Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Naturalistic
Question:Does the author suggest that something is good because it is natural, or bad because it is not natural (the naturalistic fallacy)?
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Appeal to Fear
Question:Does the author exaggerate the dangers of a situation and use scare tactics to persuade (the appeal to fear fallacy)?
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Slippery Slope
Question:Does the author say that one small change will lead to a major change (use a slippery slope argument)? Highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - False Dilemma
Question:Does the author present a complicated choice as if it were binary (construct a false dilemma)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Straw Man
Question:Does the author present the counterargument as a weaker, more foolish version of the real counterargument (use a Straw Man Argument)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
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CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Acknowledge Uncertainty
Question:Do they acknowledge uncertainty or the possibility that things might be otherwise? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Extent Claims Justified
Question:To what extent does their confidence in their claims seem justified?
Answer:Mostly justified
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Åsmund Asdal at the Nordic Genetic Resource Centre, which operates the seed vault.
CredCo Indicator:Quotes from Outside Experts
Question:Highlight each expert cited:
Answer:Expert 3
Highlight:
Åsmund Asdal at the Nordic Genetic Resource Centre, which operates the seed vault.
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Ketil Isaksen, from Norway’s Meteorological Institute.
CredCo Indicator:Quotes from Outside Experts
Question:Highlight each expert cited:
Answer:Expert 2
Highlight:
Ketil Isaksen, from Norway’s Meteorological Institute.
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Hege Njaa Aschim, from the Norwegian government,
CredCo Indicator:Quotes from Outside Experts
Question:Highlight each expert cited:
Answer:Expert 1
Highlight:
Hege Njaa Aschim, from the Norwegian government,
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Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.
Answer:Experts
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CredCo Indicator:Single Study Article
Question:Is this article primarily about a single scientific study?
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title
Question:Is the headline clickbaity?
Answer:Not at all clickbaity
-
CredCo Indicator:Title Representativeness
Question:Question: Does the title of the article accurately reflect the content of the article?
Answer:Somewhat Representative
-
Question:Rate your impression of the credibility of this article
Answer:Somewhat high credibility
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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CredCo Indicator:Inference - Convincing Evidence
Question:How convincing do you find the evidence given for the primary claim?
Answer:Moderately Convincing
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So researchers at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn., recently conducted an experiment on the cells of 72 healthy but sedentary men and women who were 30 or younger or older than 64. After baseline measures were established for their aerobic fitness, their blood-sugar levels and the gene activity and mitochondrial health in their muscle cells, the volunteers were randomly assigned to a particular exercise regimen.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:An experimental study was conducted (natural experiments OK)
Highlight:
So researchers at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn., recently conducted an experiment on the cells of 72 healthy but sedentary men and women who were 30 or younger or older than 64. After baseline measures were established for their aerobic fitness, their blood-sugar levels and the gene activity and mitochondrial health in their muscle cells, the volunteers were randomly assigned to a particular exercise regimen.
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the subjects who did the interval workouts showed increases in the number and health of their mitochondria
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Correlation
Highlight:
the subjects who did the interval workouts showed increases in the number and health of their mitochondria
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the subjects who did the interval workouts showed increases in the number and health of their mitochondria
CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims
Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.
Answer:General Causal Claim
Highlight:
the subjects who did the interval workouts showed increases in the number and health of their mitochondria
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CredCo Indicator:Tone - Exaggerated Claims
Question:Does the author exaggerate any claims? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged
Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Naturalistic
Question:Does the author suggest that something is good because it is natural, or bad because it is not natural (the naturalistic fallacy)?
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Appeal to Fear
Question:Does the author exaggerate the dangers of a situation and use scare tactics to persuade (the appeal to fear fallacy)?
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Slippery Slope
Question:Does the author say that one small change will lead to a major change (use a slippery slope argument)? Highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - False Dilemma
Question:Does the author present a complicated choice as if it were binary (construct a false dilemma)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Straw Man
Question:Does the author present the counterargument as a weaker, more foolish version of the real counterargument (use a Straw Man Argument)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
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Many of these affected genes, especially in the cells of the interval trainers, are believed to influence the ability of mitochondria to produce energy for muscle cells;
CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Acknowledge Uncertainty
Question:Do they acknowledge uncertainty or the possibility that things might be otherwise? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:Sort of
Highlight:
Many of these affected genes, especially in the cells of the interval trainers, are believed to influence the ability of mitochondria to produce energy for muscle cells;
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CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Extent Claims Justified
Question:To what extent does their confidence in their claims seem justified?
Answer:Mostly justified
-
Question:Are any experts, organizations, or studies cited that are separate from the central study quoted in the article? If so, highlight relevant section(s).
Answer:None
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So researchers at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn., recently conducted an experiment on the cells of 72 healthy but sedentary men and women who were 30 or younger or older than 64. After baseline measures were established for their aerobic fitness, their blood-sugar levels and the gene activity and mitochondrial health in their muscle cells, the volunteers were randomly assigned to a particular exercise regimen.
CredCo Indicator:Citation of Studies
Question:Highlight each scientific study cited:
Answer:Scientific Study 1
Highlight:
So researchers at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn., recently conducted an experiment on the cells of 72 healthy but sedentary men and women who were 30 or younger or older than 64. After baseline measures were established for their aerobic fitness, their blood-sugar levels and the gene activity and mitochondrial health in their muscle cells, the volunteers were randomly assigned to a particular exercise regimen.
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Dr. Sreekumaran Nair, a professor of medicine and an endocrinologist at the Mayo Clinic and the study’s senior author.
CredCo Indicator:Quotes from Outside Experts
Question:Highlight each expert cited:
Answer:Expert 1
Highlight:
Dr. Sreekumaran Nair, a professor of medicine and an endocrinologist at the Mayo Clinic and the study’s senior author.
-
Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.
Answer:Studies
-
Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.
Answer:Experts
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So researchers at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn., recently conducted an experiment on the cells of 72 healthy but sedentary men and women who were 30 or younger or older than 64. After baseline measures were established for their aerobic fitness, their blood-sugar levels and the gene activity and mitochondrial health in their muscle cells, the volunteers were randomly assigned to a particular exercise regimen.
CredCo Indicator:Single Study Article
Question:Is this article primarily about a single scientific study?
Answer:Yes
Highlight:
So researchers at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn., recently conducted an experiment on the cells of 72 healthy but sedentary men and women who were 30 or younger or older than 64. After baseline measures were established for their aerobic fitness, their blood-sugar levels and the gene activity and mitochondrial health in their muscle cells, the volunteers were randomly assigned to a particular exercise regimen.
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The Best Exercise
CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title
Question:What clickbait techniques does this headline employ (select all that apply)?
Answer:Hidden secret or trick (“Fitness Companies Hate Him...”, “Experts are Dying to Know Their Secret”)
Highlight:
The Best Exercise
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CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title
Question:Is the headline clickbaity?
Answer:A little bit clickbaity
-
CredCo Indicator:Title Representativeness
Question:Question: Does the title of the article accurately reflect the content of the article?
Answer:Completely Representative
-
Question:Rate your impression of the credibility of this article
Answer:Medium credibility
-
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dailyhealthpost.com dailyhealthpost.com
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CredCo Indicator:Inference - Convincing Evidence
Question:How convincing do you find the evidence given for the primary claim?
Answer:Fairly Convincing
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Many other studies have also confirmed the link between smoking and Alzheimer’s
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:An experimental study was conducted (natural experiments OK)
Highlight:
Many other studies have also confirmed the link between smoking and Alzheimer’s
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In one study, researchers at the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio recruited almost 100 older men and women, aged 65 to 89, some of whom had a family history of Alzheimer’s disease. Half of these participants carried the carried the e4 gene, which substantially increased their risk of developing the disease (9).
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:An experimental study was conducted (natural experiments OK)
Highlight:
In one study, researchers at the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio recruited almost 100 older men and women, aged 65 to 89, some of whom had a family history of Alzheimer’s disease. Half of these participants carried the carried the e4 gene, which substantially increased their risk of developing the disease (9).
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The e4-positive group who did not exercise underwent significant atrophy of their hippocampus in as little as 18 months. In fact, the cerebral structure had shrunk by 3% on average. The e4 group that exercised experienced no change in their hippocampus and neither did the e4-negative groups.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:An experimental study was conducted (natural experiments OK)
Highlight:
The e4-positive group who did not exercise underwent significant atrophy of their hippocampus in as little as 18 months. In fact, the cerebral structure had shrunk by 3% on average. The e4 group that exercised experienced no change in their hippocampus and neither did the e4-negative groups.
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In fact, in a 6-year study examining 1,600 seniors, found that vitamin D deficiency was linked to Alzheimer’s Disease.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:An experimental study was conducted (natural experiments OK)
Highlight:
In fact, in a 6-year study examining 1,600 seniors, found that vitamin D deficiency was linked to Alzheimer’s Disease.
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In fact, a Canadian study found that being bilingual supports cognitive function and even delays the onset of dementia in patients with probable Alzheimer’s Disease by 4 years on average.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:An experimental study was conducted (natural experiments OK)
Highlight:
In fact, a Canadian study found that being bilingual supports cognitive function and even delays the onset of dementia in patients with probable Alzheimer’s Disease by 4 years on average.
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In fact, in a 6-year study examining 1,600 seniors, found that vitamin D deficiency was linked to Alzheimer’s Disease.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Correlation
Highlight:
In fact, in a 6-year study examining 1,600 seniors, found that vitamin D deficiency was linked to Alzheimer’s Disease.
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Many other studies have also confirmed the link between smoking and Alzheimer’s
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Correlation
Highlight:
Many other studies have also confirmed the link between smoking and Alzheimer’s
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Also, raised homocysteine levels actually initiate cognitive impairment and poor brain performance, increase your risk of dementia, and boost brain shrinkage (10).
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Correlation
Highlight:
Also, raised homocysteine levels actually initiate cognitive impairment and poor brain performance, increase your risk of dementia, and boost brain shrinkage (10).
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Thiamine deficiency is linked to Korsakoff Syndrome, a chronic memory disorder part of the dementia umbrella (11).
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Correlation
Highlight:
Thiamine deficiency is linked to Korsakoff Syndrome, a chronic memory disorder part of the dementia umbrella (11).
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“…those who were severely deficient in vitamin D were more than twice as likely to develop Alzheimer’s and dementia than those who had adequate levels,” writes Alzheimer’s.net on the study (12).
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Correlation
Highlight:
“…those who were severely deficient in vitamin D were more than twice as likely to develop Alzheimer’s and dementia than those who had adequate levels,” writes Alzheimer’s.net on the study (12).
-
Some head injuries can actually increase your risk of developing dementia later in life, especially if it causes 30 minutes to 24 hours of unconsciousness after initial injury (14).
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Correlation
Highlight:
Some head injuries can actually increase your risk of developing dementia later in life, especially if it causes 30 minutes to 24 hours of unconsciousness after initial injury (14).
-
Your risk of Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia also go up with excessive drinking (16).
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Correlation
Highlight:
Your risk of Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia also go up with excessive drinking (16).
-
“Feeling lonely rather than being alone is associated with an increased risk of clinical dementia in later life and can be considered a major risk factor that, independently of vascular disease, depression, and other confounding factors,”
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Correlation
Highlight:
“Feeling lonely rather than being alone is associated with an increased risk of clinical dementia in later life and can be considered a major risk factor that, independently of vascular disease, depression, and other confounding factors,”
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“Feeling lonely rather than being alone is associated with an increased risk of clinical dementia in later life and can be considered a major risk factor that, independently of vascular disease, depression, and other confounding factors,”
CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims
Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.
Answer:General Causal Claim
Highlight:
“Feeling lonely rather than being alone is associated with an increased risk of clinical dementia in later life and can be considered a major risk factor that, independently of vascular disease, depression, and other confounding factors,”
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Alcohol-related brain damage, caused by years of alcohol abuse can contribute towards Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and alcoholic dementia,
CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims
Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.
Answer:General Causal Claim
Highlight:
Alcohol-related brain damage, caused by years of alcohol abuse can contribute towards Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and alcoholic dementia,
-
Some head injuries can actually increase your risk of developing dementia later in life, especially if it causes 30 minutes to 24 hours of unconsciousness after initial injury (14).
CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims
Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.
Answer:General Causal Claim
Highlight:
Some head injuries can actually increase your risk of developing dementia later in life, especially if it causes 30 minutes to 24 hours of unconsciousness after initial injury (14).
-
In fact, a Canadian study found that being bilingual supports cognitive function and even delays the onset of dementia in patients with probable Alzheimer’s Disease by 4 years on average.
CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims
Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.
Answer:General Causal Claim
Highlight:
In fact, a Canadian study found that being bilingual supports cognitive function and even delays the onset of dementia in patients with probable Alzheimer’s Disease by 4 years on average.
-
In fact, in a 6-year study examining 1,600 seniors, found that vitamin D deficiency was linked to Alzheimer’s Disease.
CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims
Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.
Answer:General Causal Claim
Highlight:
In fact, in a 6-year study examining 1,600 seniors, found that vitamin D deficiency was linked to Alzheimer’s Disease.
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Also, raised homocysteine levels actually initiate cognitive impairment and poor brain performance, increase your risk of dementia, and boost brain shrinkage (10).
CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims
Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.
Answer:General Causal Claim
Highlight:
Also, raised homocysteine levels actually initiate cognitive impairment and poor brain performance, increase your risk of dementia, and boost brain shrinkage (10).
-
The e4-positive group who did not exercise underwent significant atrophy of their hippocampus in as little as 18 months. In fact, the cerebral structure had shrunk by 3% on average. The e4 group that exercised experienced no change in their hippocampus and neither did the e4-negative groups.
CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims
Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.
Answer:General Causal Claim
Highlight:
The e4-positive group who did not exercise underwent significant atrophy of their hippocampus in as little as 18 months. In fact, the cerebral structure had shrunk by 3% on average. The e4 group that exercised experienced no change in their hippocampus and neither did the e4-negative groups.
-
Many other studies have also confirmed the link between smoking and Alzheimer’s
CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims
Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.
Answer:General Causal Claim
Highlight:
Many other studies have also confirmed the link between smoking and Alzheimer’s
-
CredCo Indicator:Tone - Exaggerated Claims
Question:Does the author exaggerate any claims? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged
Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Naturalistic
Question:Does the author suggest that something is good because it is natural, or bad because it is not natural (the naturalistic fallacy)?
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Appeal to Fear
Question:Does the author exaggerate the dangers of a situation and use scare tactics to persuade (the appeal to fear fallacy)?
Answer:No
-
Preventing Alzheimer’s is straightforward, you just have to put in the work!
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Slippery Slope
Question:Does the author say that one small change will lead to a major change (use a slippery slope argument)? Highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:Sort of
Highlight:
Preventing Alzheimer’s is straightforward, you just have to put in the work!
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - False Dilemma
Question:Does the author present a complicated choice as if it were binary (construct a false dilemma)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Straw Man
Question:Does the author present the counterargument as a weaker, more foolish version of the real counterargument (use a Straw Man Argument)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Acknowledge Uncertainty
Question:Do they acknowledge uncertainty or the possibility that things might be otherwise? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Extent Claims Justified
Question:To what extent does their confidence in their claims seem justified?
Answer:Mostly justified
-
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center in Durham, North Carolina examined 548 veterans with a head injury and 1228 without head injury to yield these results (15).
CredCo Indicator:Citation of Studies
Question:Highlight each scientific study cited:
Answer:Scientific Study 4
Highlight:
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center in Durham, North Carolina examined 548 veterans with a head injury and 1228 without head injury to yield these results (15).
-
In fact, a Canadian study found that being bilingual supports cognitive function and even delays the onset of dementia in patients with probable Alzheimer’s Disease by 4 years on average. For other varieties of dementia, the onset was delayed by 3 years on average.
CredCo Indicator:Citation of Studies
Question:Highlight each scientific study cited:
Answer:Scientific Study 3
Highlight:
In fact, a Canadian study found that being bilingual supports cognitive function and even delays the onset of dementia in patients with probable Alzheimer’s Disease by 4 years on average. For other varieties of dementia, the onset was delayed by 3 years on average.
-
In fact, in a 6-year study examining 1,600 seniors, found that vitamin D deficiency was linked to Alzheimer’s Disease.
CredCo Indicator:Citation of Studies
Question:Highlight each scientific study cited:
Answer:Scientific Study 2
Highlight:
In fact, in a 6-year study examining 1,600 seniors, found that vitamin D deficiency was linked to Alzheimer’s Disease.
-
In one study, researchers at the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio recruited almost 100 older men and women, aged 65 to 89, some of whom had a family history of Alzheimer’s disease. Half of these participants carried the carried the e4 gene, which substantially increased their risk of developing the disease (9).
CredCo Indicator:Citation of Studies
Question:Highlight each scientific study cited:
Answer:Scientific Study 1
Highlight:
In one study, researchers at the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio recruited almost 100 older men and women, aged 65 to 89, some of whom had a family history of Alzheimer’s disease. Half of these participants carried the carried the e4 gene, which substantially increased their risk of developing the disease (9).
-
Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.
Answer:Studies
-
CredCo Indicator:Single Study Article
Question:Is this article primarily about a single scientific study?
Answer:No
-
9 Diet & Lifestyle Habit Changes
CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title
Question:What clickbait techniques does this headline employ (select all that apply)?
Answer:Listicle (“6 Tips on …”)
Highlight:
9 Diet & Lifestyle Habit Changes
-
CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title
Question:Is the headline clickbaity?
Answer:A little bit clickbaity
-
CredCo Indicator:Title Representativeness
Question:Question: Does the title of the article accurately reflect the content of the article?
Answer:Completely Representative
-
Question:Rate your impression of the credibility of this article
Answer:Somewhat high credibility
-
-
www.nationspressph.com www.nationspressph.com
-
CredCo Indicator:Inference - Convincing Evidence
Question:How convincing do you find the evidence given for the primary claim?
Answer:Not at All Convincing
-
The Basa fish ( Pangasius Fillets) is cultivated near the Mekong River in Vietnam, one of the most polluted rivers in the world. The fish is cultivated in sewage pools which contain high levels of toxins and bacteria that end up in the meat.
Question:What kind of evidence do they give?
Answer:They present facts regarding the Basa fish and its cultivation strategies.
Highlight:
The Basa fish ( Pangasius Fillets) is cultivated near the Mekong River in Vietnam, one of the most polluted rivers in the world. The fish is cultivated in sewage pools which contain high levels of toxins and bacteria that end up in the meat.
-
In nature, the fish grows 4 times faster, but the Basa fish sold in our markets is injected with antibiotics and hormones that are supposed to make the fish bigger.
Question:What kind of evidence do they give?
Answer:They present facts regarding the Basa fish and its cultivation strategies.
Highlight:
In nature, the fish grows 4 times faster, but the Basa fish sold in our markets is injected with antibiotics and hormones that are supposed to make the fish bigger.
-
The fish is very nutritionally deficient and doesn’t contain omega-3 oils or other essential nutrients found in natural fish.
Question:What kind of evidence do they give?
Answer:They present facts regarding the Basa fish and its cultivation strategies.
Highlight:
The fish is very nutritionally deficient and doesn’t contain omega-3 oils or other essential nutrients found in natural fish.
-
The fish is very nutritionally deficient and doesn’t contain omega-3 oils or other essential nutrients found in natural fish.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Other kind of evidence
Highlight:
The fish is very nutritionally deficient and doesn’t contain omega-3 oils or other essential nutrients found in natural fish.
-
In nature, the fish grows 4 times faster, but the Basa fish sold in our markets is injected with antibiotics and hormones that are supposed to make the fish bigger.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Other kind of evidence
Highlight:
In nature, the fish grows 4 times faster, but the Basa fish sold in our markets is injected with antibiotics and hormones that are supposed to make the fish bigger.
-
The Basa fish ( Pangasius Fillets) is cultivated near the Mekong River in Vietnam, one of the most polluted rivers in the world. The fish is cultivated in sewage pools which contain high levels of toxins and bacteria that end up in the meat.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Other kind of evidence
Highlight:
The Basa fish ( Pangasius Fillets) is cultivated near the Mekong River in Vietnam, one of the most polluted rivers in the world. The fish is cultivated in sewage pools which contain high levels of toxins and bacteria that end up in the meat.
-
The meat was found to contain hormones that accelerate the growth and reproduction of the fish, and is then sold in partnership with big companies that have no regard for human health.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:An experimental study was conducted (natural experiments OK)
Highlight:
The meat was found to contain hormones that accelerate the growth and reproduction of the fish, and is then sold in partnership with big companies that have no regard for human health.
-
Besides this, the meat has been found to contains heavy metals, chlorate, isomers, hexachlorobenzene and other harmful compounds.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:An experimental study was conducted (natural experiments OK)
Highlight:
Besides this, the meat has been found to contains heavy metals, chlorate, isomers, hexachlorobenzene and other harmful compounds.
-
CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims
Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.
Answer:No Causal Claim
-
Be a keen observer and be very careful of what you buy in a super market, some items will just put your life and your families life to danger.Newly
CredCo Indicator:Tone - Exaggerated Claims
Question:Does the author exaggerate any claims? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:Sort of
Highlight:
Be a keen observer and be very careful of what you buy in a super market, some items will just put your life and your families life to danger.Newly
-
Be a keen observer and be very careful of what you buy in a super market, some items will just put your life and your families life to danger.Newly
CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged
Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:Sort of
Highlight:
Be a keen observer and be very careful of what you buy in a super market, some items will just put your life and your families life to danger.Newly
-
In nature, the fish grows 4 times faster, but the Basa fish sold in our markets is injected with antibiotics and hormones that are supposed to make the fish bigger.
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Naturalistic
Question:Does the author suggest that something is good because it is natural, or bad because it is not natural (the naturalistic fallacy)?
Answer:Yes
Highlight:
In nature, the fish grows 4 times faster, but the Basa fish sold in our markets is injected with antibiotics and hormones that are supposed to make the fish bigger.
-
The fish is very nutritionally deficient and doesn’t contain omega-3 oils or other essential nutrients found in natural fish.
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Naturalistic
Question:Does the author suggest that something is good because it is natural, or bad because it is not natural (the naturalistic fallacy)?
Answer:Yes
Highlight:
The fish is very nutritionally deficient and doesn’t contain omega-3 oils or other essential nutrients found in natural fish.
-
The meat was found to contain hormones that accelerate the growth and reproduction of the fish, and is then sold in partnership with big companies that have no regard for human health.
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Appeal to Fear
Question:Does the author exaggerate the dangers of a situation and use scare tactics to persuade (the appeal to fear fallacy)?
Answer:Sort of
Highlight:
The meat was found to contain hormones that accelerate the growth and reproduction of the fish, and is then sold in partnership with big companies that have no regard for human health.
-
danger.Newly
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Appeal to Fear
Question:Does the author exaggerate the dangers of a situation and use scare tactics to persuade (the appeal to fear fallacy)?
Answer:Sort of
Highlight:
danger.Newly
-
some items will just put your life and your families life to danger.Newly
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Appeal to Fear
Question:Does the author exaggerate the dangers of a situation and use scare tactics to persuade (the appeal to fear fallacy)?
Answer:Sort of
Highlight:
some items will just put your life and your families life to danger.Newly
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Slippery Slope
Question:Does the author say that one small change will lead to a major change (use a slippery slope argument)? Highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - False Dilemma
Question:Does the author present a complicated choice as if it were binary (construct a false dilemma)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Straw Man
Question:Does the author present the counterargument as a weaker, more foolish version of the real counterargument (use a Straw Man Argument)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Acknowledge Uncertainty
Question:Do they acknowledge uncertainty or the possibility that things might be otherwise? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Extent Claims Justified
Question:To what extent does their confidence in their claims seem justified?
Answer:Not at all justified
-
Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.
Answer:None
-
CredCo Indicator:Single Study Article
Question:Is this article primarily about a single scientific study?
Answer:No
-
DANGEROUS FOR YOUR HEALTH!
CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title
Question:What clickbait techniques does this headline employ (select all that apply)?
Answer:Inducing fear (“Is Your Boyfriend Cheating on You?”)
Highlight:
DANGEROUS FOR YOUR HEALTH!
-
DO NOT EAT THIS FISH, IT IS VERY DANGEROUS FOR YOUR HEALTH!
CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title
Question:What clickbait techniques does this headline employ (select all that apply)?
Answer:Provoking emotions, such as shock or surprise (“...Shocking Result”, “...Leave You in Tears”)
Highlight:
DO NOT EAT THIS FISH, IT IS VERY DANGEROUS FOR YOUR HEALTH!
-
CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title
Question:Is the headline clickbaity?
Answer:Very much clickbaity
-
CredCo Indicator:Title Representativeness
Question:Question: Does the title of the article accurately reflect the content of the article?
Answer:Completely Representative
-
Question:Rate your impression of the credibility of this article
Answer:Very low credibility
-
-
medicalxpress.com medicalxpress.com
-
CredCo Indicator:Inference - Convincing Evidence
Question:How convincing do you find the evidence given for the primary claim?
Answer:Moderately Convincing
-
These extra challenges are thought to account for the noticeable difference in balance displayed by those participants in dancing group.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Cause precedes effect
Highlight:
These extra challenges are thought to account for the noticeable difference in balance displayed by those participants in dancing group.
-
These extra challenges are thought to account for the noticeable difference in balance displayed by those participants in dancing group.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:Correlation
Highlight:
These extra challenges are thought to account for the noticeable difference in balance displayed by those participants in dancing group.
-
To assess this, the exercise routines given to the volunteers differed. The traditional fitness training program conducted mainly repetitive exercises, such as cycling or Nordic walking, but the dance group were challenged with something new each week. Dr Rehfeld explains, "We tried to provide our seniors in the dance group with constantly changing dance routines of different genres (Jazz, Square, Latin-American and Line Dance). Steps, arm-patterns, formations, speed and rhythms were changed every second week to keep them in a constant learning process. The most challenging aspect for them was to recall the routines under the pressure of time and without any cues from the instructor." These extra challenges are thought to account for the noticeable difference in balance displayed by those participants in dancing group.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:An experimental study was conducted (natural experiments OK)
Highlight:
To assess this, the exercise routines given to the volunteers differed. The traditional fitness training program conducted mainly repetitive exercises, such as cycling or Nordic walking, but the dance group were challenged with something new each week. Dr Rehfeld explains, "We tried to provide our seniors in the dance group with constantly changing dance routines of different genres (Jazz, Square, Latin-American and Line Dance). Steps, arm-patterns, formations, speed and rhythms were changed every second week to keep them in a constant learning process. The most challenging aspect for them was to recall the routines under the pressure of time and without any cues from the instructor."
These extra challenges are thought to account for the noticeable difference in balance displayed by those participants in dancing group.
-
Elderly volunteers, with an average age of 68, were recruited to the study and assigned either an eighteen-month weekly course of learning dance routines, or endurance and flexibility training.
Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.
Answer:An experimental study was conducted (natural experiments OK)
Highlight:
Elderly volunteers, with an average age of 68, were recruited to the study and assigned either an eighteen-month weekly course of learning dance routines, or endurance and flexibility training.
-
These extra challenges are thought to account for the noticeable difference in balance displayed by those participants in dancing group.
CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims
Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.
Answer:General Causal Claim
Highlight:
These extra challenges are thought to account for the noticeable difference in balance displayed by those participants in dancing group.
-
Both groups showed an increase in the hippocampus region of the brain.
CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims
Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.
Answer:General Causal Claim
Highlight:
Both groups showed an increase in the hippocampus region of the brain.
-
CredCo Indicator:Tone - Exaggerated Claims
Question:Does the author exaggerate any claims? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged
Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Naturalistic
Question:Does the author suggest that something is good because it is natural, or bad because it is not natural (the naturalistic fallacy)?
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Appeal to Fear
Question:Does the author exaggerate the dangers of a situation and use scare tactics to persuade (the appeal to fear fallacy)?
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Slippery Slope
Question:Does the author say that one small change will lead to a major change (use a slippery slope argument)? Highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - False Dilemma
Question:Does the author present a complicated choice as if it were binary (construct a false dilemma)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Straw Man
Question:Does the author present the counterargument as a weaker, more foolish version of the real counterargument (use a Straw Man Argument)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Acknowledge Uncertainty
Question:Do they acknowledge uncertainty or the possibility that things might be otherwise? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).
Answer:No
-
CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Extent Claims Justified
Question:To what extent does their confidence in their claims seem justified?
Answer:Mostly justified
-
While previous research has shown that physical exercise can combat age-related brain decline, it is not known if one type of exercise can be better than another.
Question:Are any experts, organizations, or studies cited that are separate from the central study quoted in the article? If so, highlight relevant section(s).
Answer:1
Highlight:
While previous research has shown that physical exercise can combat age-related brain decline, it is not known if one type of exercise can be better than another.
-
"In this study, we show that two different types of physical exercise (dancing and endurance training) both increase the area of the brain that declines with age. In comparison, it was only dancing that lead to noticeable behavioral changes in terms of improved balance."
CredCo Indicator:Citation of Studies
Question:Highlight each scientific study cited:
Answer:Scientific Study 2
Highlight:
"In this study, we show that two different types of physical exercise (dancing and endurance training) both increase the area of the brain that declines with age. In comparison, it was only dancing that lead to noticeable behavioral changes in terms of improved balance."
-
While previous research has shown that physical exercise can combat age-related brain decline, it is not known if one type of exercise can be better than another.
CredCo Indicator:Citation of Studies
Question:Highlight each scientific study cited:
Answer:Scientific Study 1
Highlight:
While previous research has shown that physical exercise can combat age-related brain decline, it is not known if one type of exercise can be better than another.
-
Dr Kathrin Rehfeld, lead author of the study, based at the German center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany.
CredCo Indicator:Quotes from Outside Experts
Question:Highlight each expert cited:
Answer:Expert 1
Highlight:
Dr Kathrin Rehfeld, lead author of the study, based at the German center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany.
-
Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.
Answer:Experts
-
Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.
Answer:Studies
-
A new study, published in the open-access journal Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, shows that older people who routinely partake in physical exercise can reverse the signs of aging in the brain, and dancing has the most profound effect.
CredCo Indicator:Single Study Article
Question:Is this article primarily about a single scientific study?
Answer:Yes
Highlight:
A new study, published in the open-access journal Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, shows that older people who routinely partake in physical exercise can reverse the signs of aging in the brain, and dancing has the most profound effect.
-
CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title
Question:Is the headline clickbaity?
Answer:Not at all clickbaity
-
CredCo Indicator:Title Representativeness
Question:Question: Does the title of the article accurately reflect the content of the article?
Answer:Completely Representative
-