Graham Wallas' work was heavily influenced by many sources, including Aristotle, William James, John Dewey, Wilhelm Wundt, Sigmund Freud, Hermann von Helmholtz, Henri Poincaré; while Wallas' work is no doubt integral, it is important to note the structures of power and privilege that this list embodies.

cognitive scientist Lee Gabora's work looks at how culture changes over time, how people come up with new ideas, and how this helps culture change.

convergent thinking refers to working through proposed ideas and finding the best option; divergent thinking refers to throwing any and all ideas to the wall to see what sticks.

Margaret Boden, research professor at University of Sussex, has provided pivotal work in the exploration of creativity using interdisciplinary research across music, game, story, physics, and artificial intelligence to explore human creativity in arts, science, and life.

The Creative Mind is available to all on archive.org.

for - answer - Micheal Levin - adjacency - hyperobject - cognitive light cone - critically important to develop a science of this

adjacency - between - multi scale competency architecture - cognitive light cone - hyperobject - awakening / enlightenment - adjacency relationship - At every stage of the multi scale competency architecture, - the living entities at a particular stage may maintain - feedback and - feedforward signals - with any - higher or - lower level systems. - Human INTERbeCOMings and other consciousness are no different - We exist at one level but are both - composed of lower level living parts and - compose larger social superorganism - Indeed, the spiritual acts variously described as - awakening - enlightenment - can be interpreted as transcending level cognitive light cone

for - STOP - intervention - integration of cognitive science and wisdom traditions to - provide a praxis to address the meaning crisis - John Verveake

2:11:00 Cognitive revolution for knowledge workers: a shift in how we perceive and treat our brains in relation to knowledge work

for - key insight - adjacency between - dzogchen training - trekcho - cutting through training - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trekch%C3%B6 - togal - https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php? title=T%C3%B6gal - cognitive science - evolutionary biology - adjacency statement - It is very interesting that we find parallels between - Dzogchen practice and - our consciousness's attempt to overcome the limits of its own perceptions of reality

人工智能之父马文·明斯基（Marvin Minsky）曾经提出过一个著名的说法，人类大脑只不过是「一台用肉做的计算机」。

明斯基这一论断迫使彭罗斯很快写出了《皇帝新脑》，并在书中指出人类的思维永远不可能被机器模仿。这本书给人的感觉就好像跟着作者进行了一次关于意识非算法性质的脑内实验，以及为什么我们只能通过理解哥德尔定理和量子物理学来理解人类的意识。

已故于 2016 年的明斯基代表着另外一种截然不同观点，与彭罗斯对意识根源的探索形成了鲜明对比。在很多年前的一次采访中，明斯基曾经告诉笔者，「虽然我完全搞不懂晶体管的工作原理，但我能准确地理解计算机的工作原理。」

明斯基曾经将意识称为一种「皮包词语」，正因为它缺乏科学概念所必需的严谨性。「我们必须要用反思（Reflection）或者决定（Decisions）这样的词来替换意识一词，」明斯基说，「这样一来，与其讨论意识的神秘面纱，我们不如讨论一下意识过程中涉及到的 20 到 30 个重要的心理历程。当你真的完成了所有这些工作后，如果还有人问道，『那什么是意识呢？』你就可以回答说，『那玩意不过是 20 世纪时人类浪费时间的一种方式。』」

中文译文来自微信公众号「利维坦（liweitan2014）」2020 年的推送「意识无法被计算吗？」

对于意识的本质问题，彭罗斯的理论提出了一种更深层的解读。他的理论基于一个前提假设，即意识无法被计算，而且它绝非神经科学、生物学和物理学现阶段能够解释的问题。

在 2017 年的一次采访中，彭罗斯告诉笔者，「为了理解并认知意识，我们首先要经历一次对于物理世界的巨大认知变革。至于那个可以研究意识本质的领域，如果我们不打算完全脱离物理学范畴的话，那么该领域最有可能一直存在于那个巨大的谜题中，换句话说，我们首先要解开量子物理的谜题。」

彭罗斯将量子计算的基本特性吸收到他的理论中，即每一比特的信息，即量子位（Qubit）可以同时表现为多种状态，比如同时既是「激活」的，又是「未激活」的。在一次几乎是瞬间完成的计算之前，这些量子态（Quantum States）并未聚合（Coalescing），而是同时存在的，即叠加态（Ssuperposition）。而量子相干性（Quantum Coherence）只有在大量事件在量子态下同时发生的时候才会出现——比如某系统中的大量电子相互作用。

对此，哈默洛夫认为量子相干性发生于微管（Microtubule）中，这是一种大脑神经元内部的蛋白质结构。也许读者会好奇所谓微管到底是什么东西：它们是存在于真核细胞中的管状结构，可以把它看成是细胞骨架（Cytoskeleton）的一部分，它们可以在细胞活动时发挥决定性作用，这些细胞活动也包括细胞分裂在内，比如在有丝分裂时决定染色体的分离。

哈默洛夫认为，这些微管就是彭罗斯一直在为自己理论寻找的一种「量子装置」。在神经元中，微管可以帮助控制突触的连接强度，而它们管状的结构可以帮助它们免受周围更大的神经元带来的噪音影响。这些微管的对称、晶格结构恰恰是彭罗斯最感兴趣的。他相信这样的特征「散发着某种量子物理的气味」。

不过，想要对意识产生任何影响，你需要的不仅仅是随机且持续发生的量子相干性事件。这个过程首先要经过某种方式重组，或者重新经过精心的编排，人类正是因为这一重组过程才能做出有意识的选择。在彭罗斯与哈默洛夫提出的协同客观崩现（Orchestrated Objective Reduction，简称「Orch-OR」）理论中，他们认为人类大脑中的微管会精密编排、操纵这些有意识的瞬间，而正是这样的瞬间给了人脑处理信息并存储记忆的能力。

所谓「客观崩现」的概念则要涉及到彭罗斯对量子引力——即叠加态如何应用于不同的多个时空几何结构——方面的观点，他也把该理论视为目前物理学尚未发现的理论。然而所有这一切都是一个不可能被验证的、野心勃勃的假说，这个假说不过是借鉴了彭罗斯在量子力学领域和相对论领域对宇宙深层结构的思考。正如斯莫林说过的另一句话：「罗杰的所有观点都是相互勾连的扭量理论（Twistor Theory），无论是他的哲学思想、那些关于量子力学的观点，还是关于人类大脑与心灵的观点。」

中文译文来自微信公众号「利维坦（liweitan2014）」2020 年的推送「意识无法被计算吗？」

https://pressbooks.pub/illuminated/

A booklet prepared for teachers that introduces key concepts from the Science of Learning (i.e. cognitive neuroscience). The digital booklet is the result of a European project. Its content have been compiled from continuing professional development workshops for teachers and features evidence-based teaching practices that align with our knowledge of the Science of Learning.

• title = What can cognitive science bring to art and museums?

• Comment = Maurice Benayoun has applied cognitive science, VR and AR too many at installations throughout his life.

• Cognitive science model of what happens in the brain of a perceiver of art
• The model was first published in 2004 it's cited often in the field of empirical aesthetics
• it tries to explain how we process artworks by claiming that:
  • there are perceptual analyzers followed by
  • implicit memory integrations or familiarity aspects then
  • explicit classifications where the perceiver in his perception perceives the style or the content
  • followed by later stages that we called cognitive mastering

• cognitive science can provide museums and artists with a specific understanding
• of how the interaction between artworks and viewers can operate
• this meeting explores potential applications of cognitive sciences to museums and art

The master-apprentice model of teaching and learning in which the master breaks down a problem into a set of subskills which the apprentice solves and practices with regular feedback for improvement is broadly similar to best pathways shown in cognitive science research on improving learning efficiency for building expertise.

(restatement)

https://www.retrievalpractice.org/why-it-works

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Desai, S. C., & Reimers, S. (2022). Does explaining the origins of misinformation improve the effectiveness of a given correction? PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/fxkzc

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This comment suggests a Color BEing Journey. How can we demonstrate in a compelling way that color is an attribute of the neural architecture of the person and NOT a property of the object we are viewing?

See Color Constancy Illusion here:

David Eagleman in WIRED interview https://hyp.is/go?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdocdrop.org%2Fvideo%2FMJBfn07gZ30%2F&group=world

Beau Lotto, TED Talk https://hyp.is/go?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdocdrop.org%2Fvideo%2Fmf5otGNbkuc%2F&group=world

Andrew Stockman, TEDx talk on how we see color: https://hyp.is/go?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdocdrop.org%2Fvideo%2F_l607r2TSwg%2F&group=world

Science shows that color is an experience of the subject, not a property of the object: https://youtu.be/fQczp0wtZQQ but what Jay will go on to argue, is that this explanation itself is part of the COGNITIVE IMMEDIACY OF EXPERIENCE that we also take for granted.

When?

Interesting sounding high level paper about the limits and constraints on general intelligence and how this might relate to the struggles AI/ML research has had historically.

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Nicholas Carr explores cognitive science and media theory to understand how technology is change our brains through neuroplasticity.

Ezra Klein was in conversation with Richard Powers regarding his recent book, Bewilderment, exploring the way technology changes us by changing our environment. The medium is the message.

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<small><cite class='h-cite via'>ᔥ <span class='p-author h-card'>Jill Rosen </span> in Team finds brain mechanism that automatically links objects in our minds | Hub (<time class='dt-published'>07/24/2021 18:07:51</time>)</cite></small>

https://hub.jhu.edu/2021/07/09/how-the-mind-links-objects/

A study that quantifies association within the brain and indicates the region where it occurs.

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Agarwal, A. (2021). The Accidental Checkmate: Understanding the Intent behind sharing Misinformation on Social Media. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/kwu58

Leblanc-Sirois, Y., Gagnon, M.-È., & Blanchette, I. (2020). Emotions, reasoning, and mental health as predictors of behavior during three phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/2p39h

Greene, C., & Murphy, G. (2020). Can fake news really change behaviour? Evidence from a study of COVID-19 misinformation. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/qfnm3

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Wang, X., Sirianni, A. D., Tang, S., Zheng, Z., & Fu, F. (2020). Public Discourse and Social Network Echo Chambers Driven by Socio-Cognitive Biases. Physical Review X, 10(4), 041042. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.10.041042

Perez Santangelo, A., & Solovey, G. (2020, November 9). Time to Shine: Reliable Response-Timing Using R-Shiny for Online Experiments. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/nuxdg

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Cargnino. M., Neubaum. G., Winter. S., (2020) We're a Good Match: Selective Political Friending on Social Networking Sites. PSyarxiv. Retrieved from: https://psyarxiv.com/9dmgf/

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Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. (2020). The Cognitive Science of Fake News. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ar96c

Behavioral Scientist. ‘Creating Citizen Choice Architects - By Ralph Hertwig & Samuli Reijula’, 28 September 2020. https://behavioralscientist.org/creating-citizen-choice-architects/.

Facts v feelings: How to stop our emotions misleading us. (2020, September 10). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/sep/10/facts-v-feelings-how-to-stop-emotions-misleading-us

Fazio, L. K., & Sherry, C. L. (2020). The Effect of Repetition on Truth Judgments Across Development. Psychological Science, 0956797620939534. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620939534

Schnuerch, M., Nadarevic, L., & Rouder, J. (2020). The truth revisited: Bayesian analysis of individual differences in the truth effect [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/nfm6k

Yang, Scott Cheng-Hsin, Chirag Rank, Jake Alden Whritner, Olfa Nasraoui, and Patrick Shafto. ‘Unifying Recommendation and Active Learning for Information Filtering and Recommender Systems’. Preprint. PsyArXiv, 25 August 2020. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/jqa83.

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ReconfigBehSci {@SciBeh} (2020) this kind of piece behavioural scientists need to reject! A shallow understanding of the bias literature in an even shallower application to the pandemic- the idea that believing lockdowns brought down infection rates is an example of the "post hoc fallacy" is bizarre 1/3. Twitter. Retrieved from: https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1298939778340184065

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Guerrero, R. J. A., Parra, A. B., Cahua, J. C. H., & Banaszak-Holl, J. (2020). Psychological problems associated with coping strategies: A web-based study in Peruvian population during the COVID-19 pandemic. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/uarwz

Zmigrod, L., Eisenberg, I. W., Bissett, P., Robbins, T. W., & Poldrack, R. (2020, April 14). A Data-Driven Analysis of the Cognitive and Perceptual Attributes of Ideological Attitudes. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/dgaxr

Rahmani P, Peruani F, Romanczuk P (2020) Flocking in complex environments—Attention trade-offs in collective information processing. PLoS Comput Biol 16(4): e1007697. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007697

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Erceg, N., Ružojčić, M., & Galic, Z. (2020, April 10). Misbehaving in the Corona Crisis: The Role of Anxiety and Unfounded Beliefs. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/cgjw8

Rafiei, F., & Rahnev, D. (2020, April 9). Does the diffusion model account for the effects of speed-accuracy tradeoff on response times?. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/bhj85

https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeUXG-DsxF-nMJEidB6Ie83NPwUDwEuwHFPel36NoArBaMTrA/viewform

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How can I build this into my curriculum?

Really? These aren’t uncontroversial, to say the least. For instance, discussion board interactions often call for careful, mixed-method work with an eye to preventing instructor effect and confirmation bias. “Time on task” is almost a codeword for distinctions between models of learning. Research in cognitive science gives very nuanced value to “time spent on task” while the Malcolm Gladwells of the world usurp some research results. A major insight behind Competency-Based Education is that it can allow for some variance in terms of “time on task”. So it’s kind of surprising that this summary puts those two things to the fore.

http://psychsciencenotes.blogspot.com/p/about-us.html<br> Psychologists Andrew Wilson and Sabrina Golonka