- Dec 2019
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designingforperformance.com designingforperformance.com
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when it comes to your web browsing experience, it turns out that latency, not bandwidth, is likely the constraining factor today.
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Figure 1-1. In this data from StatCounter Global Stats, we can see that the total percentage of Internet traffic coming from mobile devices is steadily increasing.
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75% of online shoppers who experience an issue such as a site freezing, crashing, taking too long to load, or having a convoluted checkout process will not buy from that site. Gomez studied online shopper behavior and found that 88% of online consumers are less likely to return to a site after a bad experience. The same study found that “at peak traffic times, more than 75% of online consumers left for a competitor’s site rather than suffer delays.”
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users expect pages to load in two seconds, and after three seconds, up to 40% of users will abandon your site. Moreover, 85% of mobile users expect sites to load at least as fast or faster than sites on their desktop.
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components of its user experience: layout, hierarchy, intuitiveness, ease of use, and more.
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- Nov 2019
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reasonml.github.io reasonml.github.io
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The ability to render to native code. OCaml's native (assembly) startup time is in single digit milliseconds. We have big plans to use Reason on native one day; meanwhile, we're focusing on adoption through great JavaScript compatibility.
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github.com github.com
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Performance should be at the forefront, and not a compromise - we need to develop and build benchmarks that help ensure top-notch performance and start-up time.
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Revery is kind of like super-fast, native code Electron - with bundled React-like/Redux-like libraries and a fast build system - all ready to go!
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pdfs.semanticscholar.org pdfs.semanticscholar.org
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Thomas and Gilbert offer a literature review of current technologies available to improve athlete performance. They provide a brief theoretical foundation for the technologies and how they can be sued to improve athletic and personal performance.
8/10
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- Oct 2019
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www.rubyraptor.org www.rubyraptor.org
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legacy.reactjs.org legacy.reactjs.org
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developers.google.com developers.google.com
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link rel="preconnect
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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Public reading and performance in Arad, Romania.
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- Sep 2019
- Aug 2019
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This is useful for mapping objects created in Python to their memory usage.
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guilload.com guilload.com
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intern
sys.intern in Python3
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ascii letters, digits or underscores
String composed of these characters are interned. Aka the following will not be interned:
f = 'f o'
but the following will be interned:
f = 'f_o'
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sequences generated through peephole optimization are discarded if their length is superior to 20
So values generated via peephole optimization above 20 are not 'pre-computed' but left as is:
'a' * 21 # remains in the byte code where as 'a' * 20 # gets converted to 'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa'
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string subclasses cannot be interned
Meaning
class NewString(str): pass assert NewString('f') is 'f'
Will fail. Where as:
f = 'f' assert f is 'f'
Will pass.
This is presents a case for not building custom string types in Python as it breaks the string cache and can result in a performance hit.
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strings can be compared by a O(1) pointer comparison instead of a O(n) byte-per-byte comparison
This is a huge advantage. Not only does it save memory by not duplicating simple and common string values, but the comparison method has an early exit that compares the pointers instead of the values. aka in sudo-code form:
// compare pointers if self._value is value: return True // compare values for i, v in enumerate(self._value): if v != value[i]: return False return True
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hypothes.is hypothes.is
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Centric web solution is the renowned best web development company.
We have a very highly experienced and expert development team who are experts in web design & development.
We provide various services like Wordpress web development, eCommerce web development, Wordpress theme design and plugin development, website maintenance & optimization.
For more our services call us on +91 98587 58541 or visit our website https://www.centricwebsolution.com/.
Our Services Are:-
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- Website Plugin and API Development
- Website Store Optimization
- PHP Web Development
- Enterprise Web Application Development
- Laravel Development Services
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- Website Plugin and API Development
- PHP Web Development
- Web Design & Development
- Enterprise Web Application Development
- Laravel Development Services
- Website Migration Services
- WooCommerce Development
- Custom Web Application Development
- Website Store Optimization
- Website Maintenance & Performance optimization
- Angularjs Development Services
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- Jul 2019
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eds.b.ebscohost.com eds.b.ebscohost.com
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Performance assessment does not have to be a time-consuming ordeal; it is a great way to assess our students' skills. It is essential to create a rubric that is simple, quick, and objective. This article discusses the process of creating a rubric as well as showing a rubric used by the author in her general music classroom for several years. Differences between assessment and evaluation are also mentioned.
How to create a rubric for performance assessment?
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- Jun 2019
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hackernoon.com hackernoon.com
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This is especially true for online gaming
WASM is being used to run many demanding applications directly in the browser. Autocad is one important example where architects can use this application without installing a usually very heavy piece of software on their computers. They can access the Autocad suite from almost any computer only by logging into to a website. It is expected that a large part of the gaming industry will shift this way as well as many other services. One of the main advantages of this approach aside from a lack of a local installation is real-time software updates for any number of users. A new model of software building and execution will be based on WASM. WASM is also very good for blockchains. Search for the WASM section to learn more.
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- Apr 2019
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www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk
- Mar 2019
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link.springer.com link.springer.com
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bridging formal and informal learning through technology in the twenty first century: issues and challenges This article is in a fully online journal. It relates to schools but the learning is by students, not teachers. However, professional development is called for. The article addresses the desired topic in that it refers to social networking and other technology enabled forms of learning; however, it does not seem to be substantive enough to be tremendously helpful. rating 1/1
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www.toptools4learning.com www.toptools4learning.com
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This page, Top Tools for Learning, is updated every year. It lists and briefly describes the top tech tools for adult learning. For the current (2018) list, they are YouTube, PowerPoint, and Google Search. The list proceeds through the top 200 and there are links to each tool. The purpose of this page is to list them; tutorials, etc. are not offered. Rating 4/5
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www.ispi.org www.ispi.org
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ISPI offers a variety of publications, from its member-exclusive monthly and quarterly journals, "Performance Improvement Journal and Performance Improvement Quarterly,"
International Society for Performance Improvement This is the web page of the professional association. It is similar to other professional association web pages. Some content is available only to those with a membership; individuals must log in. There are links to the publications. These include Performance Improvement Journal, Performance Improvement Quarterly, Performance Xpress. Some features of the website can become a bit difficult to drill down to but there are sometimes job aids and other immediately usable content available. This topic relates to shaping performance of adult employees on the job. Rating: 4/5
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debwagner.info debwagner.info
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Behavior Engineering Model This page has a design that is not especially attractive or user friendly but it does provide an overview of Gilbert's Behavior Engineering Model. This is a model that can be used to analyze the issues that underlie performance. A six-cell model is presented. Rating 5/5
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deepblue.lib.umich.edu deepblue.lib.umich.edu
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Human Performance Technology Model This page is an eight page PDF that gives an overview of the human performance technology model. This is a black and white PDF that is simply written and is accessible to the layperson. Authors are prominent writers in the field of performance technology. Rating 5/5
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www.allisonrossett.com www.allisonrossett.com
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This plain page incorporates an overview of job aids by Allison Rossett, who is the foremost authority on the topic. Not all information is given away for free as she wants to sell her books, which are also promoted on the page. This page can be a good way of tracking her current work. Rating 3/5
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edutechwiki.unige.ch edutechwiki.unige.ch
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Edutech wiki This page has a somewhat messy design and does not look very modern but it does offer overviews of many topics related to technologies. Just like wikipedia, it offers a good jumping off point on many topics. Navigation can occur by clicking through categories and drilling down to topics, which is easier for those who already know the topic they are looking for and how it is likely to be characterized. Rating 3/5
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educationaltechnology.net educationaltechnology.net
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This is one of many discussions of Kirkpatrick's four levels of evaluation. More of the page is taken up with decoration and graphics than needs to be the case but this page is included in this list because it offers a printable guide and because the hierarchy of the four levels is clearly shown. The text itself is printed in black on a white background and it is presented as a bulleted list (the bullets are not organized as well as they could be). Nonetheless it is a usable presentation of this model. rating 3/5
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- Feb 2019
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Local file Local file
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“Public performance measurement systems often have unfortunate or disastrous unintended consequences. Most recently, a pay-for-performance scheme at the Veterans Health Administration (V.A.) led to falsified wait-time records and care so delayed that, in some cases, patients died awaiting medical attention. Twenty-five years of studies have shown that “pay-for-performance” doesn’t work in either the public or private sector: such systems smother creativity, crowd out intrinsic motivation and invite gaming and generally fail to achieve intended results.”
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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Gay
Gay valued what is being referred to as "technical assurance," meaning that all uncertainty and self-doubt in performance was removed through this carefully thought out plan of delivery. https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Gay-British-author
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llustrations will surficc for the purpose of conveying to the reader a toler
Despite the premeditated nature of these movements, I am guessing they are performed in a way that seems inherently natural? Or are the movements meant to look mechanical?
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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Please my Self, rather than to Please such Crabbed Readers.
The idea of pleasing one's self over others is still valid today but, we often get lost in our performance for others
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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We may observe, that every work of art, in order lo produce its due effect on the mind, must be surveyed in a certain point of view, and cannot be fully relished by persons, whose situation, real or imaginary, is not conformable to that which is required by lhe performance. An orator addresses himself to a particular audience
Again, there is a theme of performance and the need to please viewers and audiences.
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and to be lessin reality than in appearance.
To me, this goes back to the idea of performance and identity construction.
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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Locke argues that all ideas arc mental combinations of sense perceptions and 1hat words refer not directly to things but to menial phenomena, the ideas we retain and build from sense impressions.
Like Locke, Karen Barad is pushing against the idea of words as representational of things, with her performative model?
"A performative understanding of discursive practices challenges the representationalist belief in the power of words to represent preexisting things" (Barad 802).
In what ways does performance differ from "mental phenomena"? Mental = internal only where performance = internal and external?
Side note: every time someone says phenomena, I hear this https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ytei6bu7kQ
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- Jan 2019
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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n actor and sta
Alluding to Erving Goffman, humans are actors constantly performing on the stage of life. This begs the question as to whether post-humanism would occupy the "front stage, "back stage," or even "off stage?"
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The machine-beings that emerge from these couplings thus demon-strate a different form of identity, on
Since these machine-beings have some kind of identity, do these beings still feel the obligation to perform their constructed identities? Again brings me back to Goffman.
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static1.squarespace.com static1.squarespace.com
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challenges the positioning of materiality as either a given or a mereeffect of human agency.
I'll be the first to admit I wasn't able to follow all of what Barad is tackling here, but I'll take a stab at a summary: Barad argues that we need to bring matter/the material into our concepts of rhetoric, agency, and performance--to not bind these issues only to the human but to see them posthumanly, to leave behind the assumption that these concepts can only be 'wielded' or conducted by humans.
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performativity isactually a contestation of the unexamined habits of mind that grant lan-guage and other forms of representation more power in determining ourontologies than they deserve
We perform our identity in our mind or in a psychological way before a visual performance in front of or for others.
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foucault.info foucault.info
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it also constitutes a certain way of manifesting oneself to oneself and to others.
A performance
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- Nov 2018
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eric.ed.gov eric.ed.gov
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Instructional Design Strategies for Intensive Online Courses: An Objectivist-Constructivist Blended Approach
This was an excellent article Chen (2007) in defining and laying out how a blended learning approach of objectivist and constructivist instructional strategies work well in online instruction and the use of an actual online course as a study example.
RATING: 4/5 (rating based upon a score system 1 to 5, 1= lowest 5=highest in terms of content, veracity, easiness of use etc.)
Tags
- instructional design systems
- etcnau
- constructivism
- distance education
- instructional methods
- instructiveness effectiveness
- instructional technology
- etc556
- Performance Factors, Influences, Technology Integration, Teaching Methods, Instructional Innovation, Case Studies, Barriers, Grounded Theory, Interviews, Teacher Attitudes, Teacher Characteristics, Technological Literacy, Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Usability, Institutional Characteristics, Higher Education, Foreign Countries, Qualitative Research
- Instructional systems design; Distance education; Online courses; Adult education; Learning ability; Social integration
- online education growth
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www.tandfonline.com www.tandfonline.com
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Distance Education Trends: Integrating new technologies to foster student interaction and collaboration
This article explores the interaction of student based learner-centered used of technology tools such as wikis, blogs and podcasts as new and emerging technology tools. With distance learning programs becoming more and more popular, software applications such as Writeboard, InstaCol and Imeem may become less of the software of choice. The article looks closely at the influence of technology and outcomes.
RATING: 4/5 (rating based upon a score system 1 to 5, 1= lowest 5=highest in terms of content, veracity, easiness of use etc.)
Tags
- education programs
- etcnau
- distance education
- imeem
- synchronous
- instacoll
- etc556
- asynchronous
- Performance Factors, Influences, Technology Integration, Teaching Methods, Instructional Innovation, Case Studies, Barriers, Grounded Theory, Interviews, Teacher Attitudes, Teacher Characteristics, Technological Literacy, Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Usability, Institutional Characteristics, Higher Education, Foreign Countries, Qualitative Research
- writeboard
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eds.a.ebscohost.com.libproxy.nau.edu eds.a.ebscohost.com.libproxy.nau.edu
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Factors Influencing Teachers' Integration of ICT in Teaching and Learning
ICT is enhancing communication in the digital learning environment. In this article the integration of ICT is explored and reveals how both teachers and students are able to better utilize their digital options 24/7 more effectively and efficiently. In addition, a gap has been identified in being showing how to best use ICT in the learning environment and included are in-depth studies of its’ use. The article identifies factors influencing teachers’ decision to integrate ICT in teaching.
RATING: 4/5 (rating based upon a score system 1 to 5, 1= lowest 5=highest in terms of content, veracity, easiness of use etc.)
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- Oct 2018
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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One is the linked list of lines you mention. I believe this is intended to solve a display problem that TECO (the original language in which Emacs was implemented) had solved differently using the "gap" data structure. The fundamental issue was that if you have a buffer represented as a single block of contiguous text, then insertion on a character-by-character basis can be O(n2), each time you insert a character, you have to copy the entire subsequent buffer over one space.
implementation, performence of text entry
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- Aug 2018
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www.thegeekdiary.com www.thegeekdiary.com
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How to troubleshoot NFS transfer latency issues using “nfsiostat”
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cromwell-intl.com cromwell-intl.com
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Tune NFS Performance
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wendynorris.com wendynorris.com
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Boje seeks to elevate the place ofstories in organization studies in examining the inter-play between the control of narrative (order) and theunfinalized nature of emergent story (disorder)
How does this manifest (if at all) in crisis social media?
What is represented by the order? What is represented by the disorder?
If crisis social media is performative storytelling, then what does Goffman say about sensemaking?
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- Jul 2018
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forumpa-librobianco-innovazione-2018.readthedocs.io forumpa-librobianco-innovazione-2018.readthedocs.io
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Valutazione delle performance
Il Governo - attraverso AGID - dovrebbe fare in modo da verificare il rispetto dell'art. 12 del C.A.D.
L’attuazione delle disposizioni del Codice dell'Amministrazione Digitale (CAD) è rilevante ai fini della misurazione e valutazione della performance organizzativa ed individuale dei dirigenti
https://cad.readthedocs.io/it/v2017-12-13/_rst/capo1_sezione3_art12.html?highlight=performance
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www.insidehighered.com www.insidehighered.com
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Attitudes towards looking like you’re working when you aren’t are akin to school policies that require students to perform attention, as though the performance of attention may be linked to actual attention, or even learning. The pretending takes precedence over the actual doing.
Amazing parallel here.
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- Feb 2018
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maestriadesarrollo.com maestriadesarrollo.com
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La creación de arte y nuevos medios de comunicación para las transiciones, incluyendo: el arte del performance (incluso el que se hace sobre no humanos, por ejemplo, sobre cómo ‘liberar’ los suelos agotados o destruidos por la caña y la ganadería y traerlos de vuelta a la vida); música y danza p
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- Jan 2018
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The analysis found that those organizations using separate standards showed greater integration performance compared with organizations that did not use combined standards.
Companies that try to make the same standards across their organization, will cause their people to get bogged down in trying to to make the standards fit their job function. This causes to many constraints and will lower project performance.
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The frequent assessment of the use of standardized leading practices and processes
How can I monitor and evaluate the use of our project management processes and practices for better project performance?
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- Dec 2017
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www.ostinelli.net www.ostinelli.net
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To summarize: without queuing mechanism: same Erlang node: 5.3 million messages/min; different Erlang nodes: 700 K messages/min. with queuing mechanism: same Erlang node: 5.3 million messages/min; different Erlang nodes: 2.1 million messages/min. The complete code to run this on your machine is available here. This whole ‘queuing idea’ is still an experiment, and I’d be more than delighted to hear your feedback, to see whether you are getting the same results, you know how to improve the concept or the code, or you have any considerations at all you would like to share.
I got here from the discord blog on how they optimized their performance and it looks like the trick is to batch messages when sending to remote nodes. Seems kinda obvious though that batching messages would improve performance.
A trick to keep in the back pocket.
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- Nov 2017
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www.gvfs.io www.gvfs.io
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Action Without GVFS With GVFS Clone (Bare) 12+ hours 4-5 minutes Checkout 3 hours 30 seconds Status 10 minutes 5 seconds Commit 30 minutes 5 seconds
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- Oct 2017
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Local file Local file
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‘Theforceoftheperformativeisthusnotinheritedfrompriorusage,butissuesforthpreciselyfromitsbreakwithanyandallpriorusage.Thatbreak,thatforceofrupture,istheforceoftheperformative,beyondallquestionoftruthormeaning.’[22]Forpoliticalsubjectivity,‘performativitycanworkinpreciselysuchcounter-hegemonicways.Thatmomentinwhichaspeechactwithoutpriorauthorizationneverthelessassumesauthorizationinthecourseofitsperformancemayanticipateandinstatealteredcontextsforitsfuturereception.’[23]Toconceiveruptureasasystemicortotalupheavalwouldbefutile.Rather,ruptureisamomentwherethefuturebreaksthroughintothepresent.[24]Itisthatmomentwhereitbecomespossibletodosomethingdifferentinorbysayingsomethingdifferent.
Acá los actos futuros guían la acción presente y le dan permiso de ocurrir. Del mismo modo como el derecho a ser olvidado es un derecho futuro imaginado que irrumpe en la legislación presente, pensar un retrato de datos o campañas políticas donde éstos sean importantes, le da forma al activismo presente.
La idea clave acá es hacer algo diferente, que ha sido el principio tras Grafoscopio y el Data Week, desde sus apuestas particulares de futuro, que en buena medida es discontinuo con las prácticas del presente, tanto ciudadanas, cono de alfabetismos y usos populares de la tecnología.
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- Sep 2017
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Local file Local file
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Itistritetosay,butbeinganAmericancitizeninNewYorkisdifferentfrombeinganIraniancitizeninTehranandnotequivalentregardlessofhumanrightsconventions.Second,theboundariesofwhatissayableanddoableandthustheperformativityofbeingcitizensareradicallydifferentin,say,TunisandMadrid.Finally,theimaginaryforceofactingasacitizeninAthenshasaradicallydifferenthistorythanithas,say,inIstanbul.ThesecomplexitiesanddifferentiationscometomakeahugedifferenceinhowcitizensubjectsuptakecertainpossibilitiesandactandorganizethemselvesthroughtheInternet.
Hay ejercicios conviviales, vinculados al territorio, pero no confinados por las leyes particulares del país, en lo referido a la creación de software libre y contenidos abiertos. Sin embargo, la fuerza del estado se hace presente en casos como los de Basil, donde su activismo lo llevo a la muerte.
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Theimaginaryofcitizenshipincludesawholeseriesofstatementsandutterancesaboutwhatcitizenshipis,oughttobe,hasbeen,willhavetobe,andsoon.Theimaginaryofcitizenshipisobviouslymobilizedbyandparticipatesintheformationofthelegalityofcitizenshipanditsperformativity
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First,performingcitizenshipbothinvokesandbreaksconventions.Weshallcharacterizeconventionsbroadlyassociotechnicalarrangementsthatembodynorms,values,affects,laws,ideologies,andtechnologies.Associotechnicalarrangements,conventionsinvolveagreementorevenconsent—eitherdeliberateoroftenimplicit—thatconstitutesthelogicofanycustom,institution,opinion,ritual,andindeedlaworembodiesanyacceptedconduct.Sinceboththelogicandembodimentofconventionsareobjectsofagreement,performingtheseconventionsalsoproducesdisagreement.Anotherwayofsayingthisisthattheperformativityofconductsuchasmakingrightsclaimsoftenexceedsconventions
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Ifmakingrightsclaimsisperformative,itfollowsthattheserightsareneitherfixednorguaranteed:theyneedtoberepeatedlyperformed.Theircomingintobeingandremainingeffectiverequiresperformativity.Theperformativeforceofcitizenshipremindsusthatthefigureofthecitizenhastobebroughtintobeingrepeatedlythroughacts(repertoires,declarations,andproclamations)andconventions(rituals,customs,practices,traditions,laws,institutions,technologies,andprotocols).Withouttheperformanceofrights,thefigureofthecitizenwouldmerelyexistintheoryandwouldhavenomeaningindemocraticpolitics.
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dl.dropboxusercontent.com dl.dropboxusercontent.com
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Duncombe was frustrated by the liberal left’s insistence on using dry logic to make political arguments. He looked to the political right and far left as groups that fostered affective fantasies. To him, an “ethical spectacle” is participatory fantasy that is open-ended, transparent, and performative (Duncombe, 2007, p. 17). Duncombe saw ethical spectacles as directly democratic, breaking down hierarchies, fostering communities, and encouraging diversity. He held a strong form of participation, as participants in a spectacle “must also contribute to its construction” (Duncombe, 2007, p. 127). The civic
imagination is activated and becomes visible through communication because it is intrinsically linked with spectacle, action, and performance
Acá quizás lo que mejor podría funcionar sería el caracter celebratorio del encuentro, particularmente en Latinoamérica. Habría que contrastar la lógica de los grandes espectáculos con la idea de la celebración a pequeña escala.
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At least since Doug Engelbart’s “mother of all demos” the introduction of new products has been accompanied by showmanship. Demonstrations are theater where possible uses for technology are presented (Smith, 2009). Hackathons have been argued to be the “front stage” for data and can be contrasted with the murky “back stage” of data production, munging, and interpretation (Gregg, 2014b). The difference with Balsamo might be that she does not put performance in scare quotes.
Esto conecta las ideas de boostrapping vía infraestructura, de Engelbart, con la idea de demo como performance (espectáculo, obra viva) y la inversión infraestructural de Star, al traer al frente aquello que está al fondo (la producción de datos y su uso).
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“performance of innovation” (Balsamo, 2011) described how individuals collaboratively design technology in public settings. According to Balsamo, technology design emerges from a collaborative and cultural process that she terms "technoculture." Innovations are not objects, but like technology they are, “assemblages of practices, materialities, and affordances” (Balsamo, 2011, p. 8). Through performance and embodied action, technocultural innovation has a “dual logic”: the expression of the technological imagination and cultural reproduction.
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- Aug 2017
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mymasonportal.gmu.edu mymasonportal.gmu.edu
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mortification when I get him
the point of view appears to equate 'Elvis' presence at security as a negative, but it is never fully presented as to the reason, though it may be an undertone of intimacy throughout or that the POV actually knows this 'Elvis' and would rather avoid him.
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- Jul 2017
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www.nginx.com www.nginx.com
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jm.taobao.org jm.taobao.org
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URL
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- Jun 2017
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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For some reason, no one ever seems to thing of this... but it has always worked for me... Have you tried unchecking Use hardware acceleration when available at the bottom of chrome://settings/ (advanced area)?
This worked for me when Chrome was freezing every time I loaded a page. I was seriously worried I had a rootkit or key logger that I couldn't detect!
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- Dec 2016
- Nov 2016
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benhollis.net benhollis.net
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Time to iterate over an array of 100,000 integers
so looks like firefox takes more time to iterate through underscore _.each compare to chrome difference is atleast 10 times
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www.makeuseof.com www.makeuseof.com
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The downsides are that Firefox has slower startup times (because Chrome is constantly on in the background) and slower page loading speeds (because it doesn’t steal CPU cycles like Chrome).
So this is why firefox i slow?
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- Oct 2016
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dl.dropboxusercontent.com dl.dropboxusercontent.com
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Winners were praised by sponsors and rewarded with invitations to be part of an accelerator or incubator. Stories from the day generated ample traffic on social media and articles in local newspapers.
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- Jun 2016
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books.google.ca books.google.ca
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"Research suggests that avoidance of challenge may be related to motives and goals in somewhat complex ways. Elliott and Dweck (1988), in an experimental study, found that when children were oriented toward mastery goals they were more likely to choose tasks described as challenging and offering opportunities to learn, regardless of their level of perceived ability. But when students were oriented toward performance goals, they chose challenging tasks that served to enhance others' high opinions of their abilities only if they perceived their ability to be high. Children who perceived their ability to be low and were oriented toward performance goals, in contrast, tended to choose tasks described as easy but that would avoid unfavourable judgments of their ability. Some students may feel they are in a double-bind, preferring easy work that does not threaten their self-worth, yet taking on difficult tasks in order to demonstrate their competence or superiority... Elliot and Church (1997) found that performance-approach goals were positively associated with measures of both challenge-avoidance (fear of failure) and challence-seeking motives (achievement motivation). Avoidance of challenge, then appears, to be positively associated with performance-avoidance goals and negatively related with matery goals, but may have a more complex relationship with performance-approach goals."
In other words, the goal has to be to focus teaching and evaluation on the inculcation of mastery goals and the avoidance of situations in which students are encouraged to engage in performance-avoidance. Once they start engaging in performance avoidance, they then stop seeing challenge.
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"...when students self-handicap, cheat, fail to seek help when they need it, and avoid the types of challenging and novel academic tasks that produce real learning, they are undermining their own learning and development. Over time, such behavior can produce a self-perpetuating cycle of academic failure and increased avoidance (Zuckerman, Kieffer, and Knee 1998)."
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- Gheen and Midgley 1999 looked at classroom practices of sharing information about student work:
- Where work was shared to "see who got the right answer" (relative ability purposes) and
- to "get hints for when you have difficulty" (acquiring information purposes"
No surprise:
"They found that students' perceptions of the goal structure related to avoidance of novelty and challenge. When students perceived that their classrooms emphasized mastery goals, they reported lower levels of avoidance, but when they perceived their classrooms emphasized performance goals, they were more lilely to say that thei preferred to avoid novel and challenging work."
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Urdan, Tim, Allison M. Ryan, Eric M. Anderman, and Margaret H. Gheen. 2002. “Goals, Goal Stuctures, and Avoidance Behaviours.” In Goals, Goal Structures, and Patterns of Adaptive Learning, edited by C. Midgley, 55–85. Taylor & Francis.
Looks at four behaviours associated with performance avoidance: self-handicapping, avoidance of help seeking, preference for avoiding novelty, and cheating
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www.jstor.org www.jstor.org
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Achievement goals were important to changes in motivational constructs around the receipt of grades in the classroom. As expected, the effects of a per formance-approach goal on changes in motivational constructs were moderated by grades. When students received high grades, a performance-approach goal was unrelated to changes in self-efficacy, desire to avoid challenge, or intrinsic value. However, when students received low grades, a performance-approach goal was related to decreased intrinsic value and increased desire to avoid chal lenge. Thus, although a performance-approach goal does not seem to have draw backs in the context of success, there are drawbacks when students experience setbacks
When students achieved low grades, a performance approach goal was related to decreased intrinsic value and increased desire to avoid challenge.
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in recent years, some researchers have concluded that it is only perfor mance-avoidance goals that have drawbacks and that performance-approach goals promote high achievement and do not affect motivation and engagement negatively
Performance avoidance is bad; performance approach motivation may be good.
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Preference to avoid challenging work. Preference to avoid challenging work (4 items) assesses students' desires for easy, familiar tasks (Urdan, Ryan, Ander man, & Gheen, 2002). Sample items are "I prefer doing work that does not make me think too hard" and "I prefer assignments that I know I can do rather than those that are a challenge." The measure was found to be reliable in our sample (a at Time 1 = .85; Time 2 = .85)
Survey questions on preference to avoid challenging work
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In summary, our main goal was to examine how students' achievement goals are related to changes in self-efficacy, preference to avoid challenge, and intrin sic value in the face of evaluation. Early in the semester, we assessed students' achievement goals, self-efficacy, desire to avoid challenge, and intrinsic value. We assessed students' self-efficacy, desire to avoid challenge, and intrinsic value again immediately after they received their grades on their first major exam or paper. This design allowed us to examine the role of goals in the change in mo tivational constructs associated with performance feedback. Our main hypothe ses were (a) a mastery goal will be associated with enhanced motivation around receipt of grades (i.e., increased efficacy and value and lower preference for chal lenge avoidance); (b) a performance-avoidance goal will be associated with di minished motivation around receipt of grades (i.e., decreased efficacy and value and increased preference for challenge avoidance); and (c) the effects of a per formance-approach goal on changes in motivation will be moderated by grades. When students encounter low grades, a performance-approach goal will be relat ed to diminished motivation. When students receive high grades, a performance approach goal will be unrelated to changes in motivation.
The method. Should see if I could replicate this.
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Shim & Ryan 337 Furthermore, we expected a performance-avoidance goal to be associated with declines in motivational constructs, even in the context of high grades. A perfor mance-avoidance goal brings about negative achievement-related processes re garding evaluation. A performance-avoidance goal is associated with construing exams as a threat; incurring negative emotions, such as worry, fear, and anxiety; and the desire to escape exam situations (McGregor & Elliot, 2002). A perfor mance-avoidance goal, undergirded by a fear of failure, inherently involves a focus on a negative outcome (Elliot, 1999). With a performance-avoidant frame work, positive feedback is interpreted as "not failing" or "not being the worst." Al though such an assessment satisfies a performance-avoidance goal, it is unlikely to boost motivation, as the absence of something negative is not evidence of some thing positive. Thus, we expected a performance-avoidance goal to be associated with diminished motivation, regardless of whether grades are high or
Performance avoidance goals see exams as a threat, see failure as reflecting lack of ability, and positive feedback is interpreted as "not failing" or "not being the worst."
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Performance goals are associated with the belief that intelligence is fixed (a
Performance goals are associated with the belief that intelligence is fixed.
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n recent years, some research has indicated that performance-ap proach goals are beneficial for achievement and do not affect motivation nega tively (see Harackiewicz, Barron, Pintrich, Elliot, & Thrash, 2002). In particular, when the approach versus avoidance nature of performance goals is considered, performance-avoidance goals are maladaptive, whereas performance-approach goals are often positively associated with achievement and show a positive or neutral relation to motivation
Performance approach goals are beneficial for achievement and do not affect motivation negatively, as opposed to performance-avoidance goals.
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performance-approach goal has been positively associated with self-efficacy (Bong, 2001; Pajares et al; Skaalvik; Wolters, Yu, & Pintrich, 1996), desire to avoid challenging work (Meyer, Turner, & Spencer, 1997; Middleton & Midgley, 2002), and task value (Bong; Church, Elliot, & Gable, 2001; Wolters et al). However, some researchers have found no relation between a performance-ap proach goal and self-efficacy (Middleton & Midgley, 1997; Pajares et al.) or task value (Lopez, 1999; Tanaka & Yamauchi, 2001), so it is not clear whether this is always the case
Performance approach goals are positively associated with self-efficacy, but also to challenge avoiding behaviour.
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udy, a mastery goal is positively associated and a performance-avoidance goal is nega tively associated with self-efficacy, challenge-seeking, and intrinsic value (Mid dleton & Midgley, 1997; Pajares, Britner, & Vahante, 2000; Skaalvik, 1997).
Mastery goals are positively associated with "self-efficacy, challenge-seeking, and intrinsic value"; performance avoidance goals are negatively associated with these same values.
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contrast, a performance goal concerns a focus on demonstrating competence. Performance goals can be distinguished as either approach or avoidant (Elliot & Church, 1997; Middleton & Midgley, 1997; Skaalvik, 1997). A performance-approach goal concerns a focus on gaining favorable judgments of one's ability, and a performance-avoid ance goal concerns a focus on avoiding negative judgments of one's ability. Achievement goals represent disparate purposes for involvement regarding aca demic tasks and, as such, have been linked to different achievement-related processes and outcomes
Performance-approach goals focus on gaining a favourable judgement;
Performance-avoidance goal concerns a focus on avoiding negative judgements.
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performance goal concerns a focus on demonstrating competence. P
A performance goal is a goal of demonstrating competence--i.e. on the demonstration.
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- Apr 2016
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news.ycombinator.com news.ycombinator.com
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Some useful discussion on file size costs of a React + Relay app
Tags
Annotators
URL
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- Feb 2016
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pascalprecht.github.io pascalprecht.github.io
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This is a good short overview of how change detection works in Angular 2.
It fixes the fundamental algorithmic complexity problem that change detection has in Angular 1.x by making it possible to prune parts of the component tree from change detection if the inputs have not changed.
Unfortunately the zone.js implementation involves some horrifying monkey-patching of various DOM APIs.
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- Dec 2015
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www.forbes.com www.forbes.com
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wring out every ounce of performance
Now think of it with a learner in mind.
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- Nov 2015
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developer.chrome.com developer.chrome.com
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Join Darin Fisher, VP of Chrome as he talks the past, present and future of the web.
RAIL - Reaction (<100ms), Animation (<16ms), Idle (<50ms), Load (<1000ms)
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courses.edx.org courses.edx.org
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The machine, of course, is not complete without a third party, the (human) operator, and it is within this triad that the text takes place.
It reminds me of the machine performance, the human performance and the idea of the text as a performative event (as in Johanna Drucker's theory of performative materiality).
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- Oct 2015
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www.binpress.com www.binpress.com
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It’s known that Angular becomes slower with around 2,000 bindings due to the process behind dirty-checking. The less we can add to this limit the better, as bindings can add up without us really noticing it!
From some preliminary testing it looks like we get close to hitting the 2000 watch count on the
/stream
view - which explains the lag.
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www.smashingmagazine.com www.smashingmagazine.com
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Here are a few handy tips on measuring your project’s performance profile:
In particular, see this section on recommendations for setting up tests that reasonably simulate "real world" conditions.
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Web performance article from a couple of the Chrome team developers / (developer advocates). Mentioned on Twitter - https://twitter.com/aerotwist/status/649877465079390209
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- Sep 2015
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speakerdeck.com speakerdeck.com
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Some interesting slides on CSS styling performance on GitHub, particularly focusing on their diff pages.
Several slides have direct references to WebKit internals explaining the impact on rule resolution performance.
Mentions a useful tool for understanding CSS selector performance implications, css explain
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www.toptal.com www.toptal.com
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If your timeline graph is dominated with the color green after recording
Green is used to denote time spent painting
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there does not seem to be a general rule for how many workers to spawn. Some developers claim that 8 is a good number, but use an online calculator and suit yourself
Web workers are very heavy objects as they include an entire JS VM instance. 8 sounds like a lot.
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docs.angularjs.org docs.angularjs.org
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The $digest loop keeps iterating until the model stabilizes
cf. React where an event triggers an event handler, which can trigger state changes and calls to
React.render()
. These are then batched together resulting in a single re-render, a DOM-diff and the application of the result to the DOM. Consequently you can't have an infinite state update loop. The exception is if a state change happens asynchronously, and that state change triggers another async state change (and so on...)
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tutorials.jenkov.com tutorials.jenkov.com
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The value function should return the value which is being watched. AngularJS can then check the value returned against the value the watch function returned the last time
Ah, so since the input is a scope, this means that Angular needs to call every watch value fn that might be affected by a change. Should look into whether it has any optimizations to avoid that for common watch expressions.
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bradfrost.com bradfrost.com
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Both accessibility and performance are invisible aspects of an experience and should be considered even if they aren’t explicit goals of the project.
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engineering.gosquared.com engineering.gosquared.com
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So instead we introduced the loading spinner on each widget. Nothing is actually any faster, but the whole experience feels more responsive
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Simply reducing some CSS transition times from 500ms to 250ms, and cutting others out entirely, made the whole dashboard feel snappier and more responsive.
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This means content is served from the nearest possible geographic location to the user, cutting down request latency from as high as 2500ms (in places such as Singapore) to tens of milliseconds
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We eventually came up with a compromise solution based on Addy Osmani’s basket.js, using a combination of server-side script concatenation and localStorage for caching. In a nutshell, the page includes a lightweight loader script, which figures out which JS and CSS it has already cached and which needs to be fetched. The loader then requests all the resources it needs from the server in one request, and saves all the resources into localStorage under individual keys. This gives us a great compromise between cutting down the number of HTTP requests while still being able to maintain cacheability, and not re-downloading code unnecessarily when it hasn’t changed. Addtionally, after running a few benchmarks, we found that localStorage is (sometimes) actually faster than the native HTTP cache, especially on mobile browsers.
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- Aug 2015
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www.google.com www.google.com
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Is Your Performance Review System Outdated
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- Jan 2014
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blogs.hbr.org blogs.hbr.org
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High performing teams have well-defined goals, systems of accountability, clear roles and responsibilities, and open communication.
I feel these are good defining characteristics of high-performing teams.
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hbr.org hbr.org
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Instead of cheerleading, people in my profession should think of themselves as businesspeople. What’s good for the company? How do we communicate that to employees? How can we help every worker understand what we mean by high performance?
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hbr.org hbr.org
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I replied, “Why bother? We know how this will play out. You’ll write up objectives and deliverables for her to achieve, which she can’t, because she lacks the skills. Every Wednesday you’ll take time away from your real work to discuss (and document) her shortcomings. You won’t sleep on Tuesday nights, because you’ll know it will be an awful meeting, and the same will be true for her. After a few weeks there will be tears. This will go on for three months. The entire team will know. And at the end you’ll fire her. None of this will make any sense to her, because for five years she’s been consistently rewarded for being great at her job—a job that basically doesn’t exist anymore. Tell me again how Netflix benefits?
Trying to remedy a situation where someone has "been consistently rewarded for being great at their job" and then working on a PIP with them really is a miserable process.
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HR people can’t believe that a company the size of Netflix doesn’t hold annual reviews. “Are you making this up just to upset us?” they ask. I’m not. If you talk simply and honestly about performance on a regular basis, you can get good results—probably better ones than a company that grades everyone on a five-point scale.
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hbr.org hbr.org
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Traditional corporate performance reviews are driven largely by fear of litigation. The theory is that if you want to get rid of someone, you need a paper trail documenting a history of poor achievement. At many companies, low performers are placed on “Performance Improvement Plans.” I detest PIPs. I think they’re fundamentally dishonest: They never accomplish what their name implies.
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