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  1. Last 7 days
  2. Jan 2025
    1. Ein neuer Bericht der europäischen Kommission sagt aus, dass die EU dreimal so schnell dekarbonisieren muss wie bisher, um das Ziel zu erreichen, die Emissionen bis 2030 um 55% zu reduzieren. Den Zahlen der European Environment Agency zufolge reicht der gegenwärtige Kurs nur für eine Reduzierung um 43%. Ein Haupthindernis sind die enorm hohen fossilen Subventionen. Die Selbstverpflichtungen von EU-Staaten vor der COP28 treffen z.T. verspätet ein, und die vorliegenden sind einem Bericht des Climate Action Network zufolge sehr unzureichend. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/oct/24/eu-must-cut-emissions-three-times-more-quickly-report-says

      State of the Energy Union: https://energy.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-10/COM_2023_650_1_EN_ACT_part1_v10.pdf CAN-Bericht: https://caneurope.org/content/uploads/2023/10/NECPs_Assessment-Report_October2023.pdf

  3. Dec 2024
    1. faced with the potential hostility of nation-states that are under the influence of extractive forces of trans-national finance, the local is no longer just the local, but a local that is also cosmo-local, and can mobilize counter-power.

      for - quote - constructing Cosmo local as a counter power to the current dominating power of trans-national finance - from Substack article - The Cosmo-Local Plan for our Next Civilization - Michel Bauwens - 2024, Dec 20

      quote - constructing Cosmo local as a counter power to the current dominating power of trans-national finance - (see below) - The idea here is a potential ‘entanglement’ between the local and the translocal level, - which creates new levels of strength and capacity for the local. · Hence, faced with the potential hostility of nation-states that are under the influence of extractive forces of trans-national finance, - the local is no longer just the local, but - a local that is also cosmo-local, and - can mobilize counter-power. - Faced with the potential hostility of nation-states - that are under the influence of extractive forces of trans-national finance, - the local is no longer just the local, - but a local that is also cosmo-local, and - can mobilize counter-power.

      // This is a very important observation Local communities by themselves don't have the capacity to stand up against trans-national power, but uniting together gives local communities this capacity and a fighting chance

      • A large network of people accessing an open knowledge commons increases the local information capacity of a community,
        • compensating for the specific knowledge deficits of a community and enabling projects to co-create healthy, local,autonomous wellbeing culture and economy.

      //

  4. Nov 2024
    1. patriarchal confusion to challenge and transform military cultures, and that looking for sites of patriarchal confusion can be a productive way to respond to the challenge of promoting diversity and inclusion in the military. The study suggests that patriarchal confusion can be exploited as a strategy for disrupting and challenging contemporary patriarchy, which has practical implications for feminist politics.
    2. where gender fails, feminists can demonstrate the radically contingent nature of patriarchy and open up possibilities to exploit this failure and engender patriarchal confusion.

      exploit the confusion it creates

    1. f only current NDCs are implemented and no further ambition is shown in the newpledges, the best we could expect to achieve is catastrophic global warming of up to2.6°C over the course of the century

      for - stats - Current National Declared Commitments (NDCs) only take us to a disastrous 2.6 Deg. C over the course of the century.- UN Emissions Gap Report 2024 - Key Messages

    1. The very unusual fact that many Americans opted to not vote for any of the national candidates while still casting votes for down-ballot candidates in their respective local elections suggests they were highly frustrated with the two options presented to them.

      for - 2024 US election results - many Americans voted for down-ballot candidates but not national candidates - suggested no options available to voters - Otto Scharmer

    1. one man in his half a page which I actually acquired in the process of writing a book 15 years ago typ written a typewritten half a page he said what we must do we must treble our deficit treble our deficit we have a deficit which is bad we must make it three times as big and make the capitalists of the rest of the world pay for it which is exactly what happened the United States should increase its deficit and use it to create aggregate demand for the net exports of Germany and Japan and later on China

      for - US foreign policy - National Security Council member suggested - triple the deficit too act as a magnet to draw in experts of other countries - Yanis Varoufakis

    2. when he saw the macroeconomic statistics and he saw that from 1968 from 1968 onwards America for the first time since the 1930s had become a deficit country

      for - key insight - When Henry Kissinger was Nixon's national security advisor, he saw that from 1968, the US became a deficit country - Yanis Varoufakis

  5. Oct 2024
    1. Das Amazonasgebiet leidet im zweiten Jahr unter extremer Dürre. Es gab noch nie so wenig Niederschläge, die Dürre dauerte noch nie so lang und betraf noch nie ein so großes Gebiet. Waldbrände machten Sao Paolo zur Stadt mit der schlechtesten Luftqualität der Welt. Auch die meisten übrigen Staaten Südamerikas sind betroffen. Ursachen sind ein durch die globale Erhitzung verstärkter El Niño und die Rekordtemperaturen des Nordatlantik. Ausführlicher Bericht https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/19/world/americas/south-america-drought-amazon-river.html

  6. Sep 2024
    1. Seit 2023 herrscht im Amazonasgebiet eine extreme Dürre, deren Ursachen die Erhitzung der Ozeane und ein durch die globale Erhitzung verstärkter El Niño sind. Sie begünstigt die extrem zahlreichen Waldbrände, deren Rauch gerade die Luft über 60% des brasilianischen Territoriums verschmutzt. 97% der Brände werden aber von Menschen entzündet, vor allem im Interesse der Agrarindustrie. Auch aufgrund der Entwaldung ist der Kipppunkt, von dem an der Wald Kohlenstoff emittiert statt absorbiert, näher als bisher angenommen. Ausführlicher Bericht anlässlich einer neuen Studie und des Aufrufs zum Boykott von.Agrarprodukten aus dem Gebiet. https://www.liberation.fr/environnement/ravagee-par-les-feux-lamazonie-au-bord-du-basculement-le-climat-est-devenu-un-allie-de-la-destruction-de-la-foret-20240911_HEMGMQI7WZCYHAWC6E24ZJCTIU/

      Studie: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06970-0

  7. Aug 2024
    1. by building on undeveloped land, “by definition, you’re going to incur a carbon debt that you may never be able to pay off,”

      for - unsustainable building

      unsustainable building - See Preservation Green lab report cited above

  8. Jun 2024
    1. Oral tradition, too, entangled national identity and religion.

      I can't help but wonder how this is currently working in the deep South with respect to political identity (far right, Trump, MAGA) and religious identity (born again, ultra-nationalist Christians, etc.)

  9. May 2024
    1. Im südlichen Teil Brasiliens fvel in diesem Frühjahr in 10 Tagen so viel Regen wie sonst in einem ganzen Jahr. Es handelt sich um die größte klimabedingte Katastrophe im Bundesstaat Rio Grande del Sol der bereits im vergangenen Jahr von zwei großen Überschwemmungen betroffen war. Die extremen Regenfälle, die es so früher in dieser Region nicht gab, werden von Forschenden auf die globale Erhitzung und mit ihr verbundene Klimaphänomene zurückgeführt. Ausführlicher hintergrundartikel im Guardian der sich auf eine Reihe von Studien und Interviews mit Forschenden bezieht. https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/article/2024/may/10/brazil-is-reeling-from-catastrophic-floods-what-went-wrong-and-what-does-the-future-hold

    1. Das neueste Kohlekraftwerk in Bangladesch musste kurz nach seiner Eröffnung bereits zweimal stillgelegt werden, weil Bangladesch nicht über die Devisenreserven verfügte, um die nötige Kohle aus Indonesien zu importieren. Die New York Times stellt ausgehend von diesem Beispiel die zunehmenden wirtschaftlichen Schwierigkeiten wegen der Kosten der Köhleenergie dar. Im Augenblick ist China das einzige größere asiatische Land, das massiv Kohlekraftwerke ausbaut. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/06/18/climate/coal-electricity-bangladesh.html

    1. Neue Daten der "Global Oil and Gas Exit List" zeigen, dass die Adnoc, die Öl- und Gasgesellschaft der Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate, die weitreichendsten Expansionspläne aller Ölfirmen hat. Die rolle des Adnoc-Chefs Sultan Al Jaber als Präsident der #COP28 sei "lächerlich". Seit 2021 sind weltweit 140 Milliarden Dollar in die Exploration neuer Öl- und Gasfelder geflossen. 96% der 700 im Explorationsgeschäft tätigen Firmen explorieren weiter, 1000 Firmen arbeiten an neuen Pipelines, LNG Terminals und anderer Infrastruktur zur Distribution von Öl und Gas. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/nov/15/cop28-host-uae-oil-plans-data

  10. Apr 2024
    1. Free online materials: 21% of adults with children are awareof free online books or stories or mobile story apps. The mostwell known online initiative is Nal'ibali, which is also the most used(13% of adults with children are aware and 4% have used it atleast once), followed by the National Education Collaboration Trust(NECT) (7% aware and 3% used at least once)
  11. Mar 2024
    1. igure 4: National oil firms & majors dominate discoveriesVolume of oil and gas reserves discovered in 2022 and 2023 by companyOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsOil majorsNational oilcompaniesNational oilcompaniesNational oilcompaniesNational oilcompaniesNational oilcompaniesNational oilcompaniesNational oilcompaniesNational oilcompaniesNational oilcompaniesNational oilcompaniesNational oilcompaniesNational oilcompaniesNational oilcompaniesNational oilcompaniesNational oilcompaniesNational oilcompaniesNational oilcompaniesNational 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    2. Holding 100% of Shahini, the National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) has the highest total resources of these new discoveries.
    1. Monuments imperfectly record the past

      Examples of this to collect in the future, including:

      • Civil War monuments
      • Pilgrim monument ( National Monument to the Forefathers) 1898 by Hammatt Billings (mentioned in White Trash)
      • others...
  12. Feb 2024
    1. Zwei neue Studien aufgrund einer genaueren Modellierung der Zusammenhänge von Erhitzung und Niederschlagen: Es lässt sich besser voraussagen, wie höhere Temperaturen die Bildung von Wolkenclustern in den Tropen und damit Starkregenereignisse fördern. Außerdem lässt sich erfassen, wie durch die Verbrennung von fossilen Brennstoffen festgesetzten Aerosole bisher die Niederschlagsmenge in den USA reduziert und damit einen Effekt der globalen Erhitzung verdeckt haben.

      https://www.derstandard.de/story/3000000208852/klimawandel-sorgt-fuer-staerkeren-regen

      Bold

      Studie: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adj6801

      Studie: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-45504-8

    1. Byington shared her uncle’s interest in and support for indigenousculture and language, serving as President of the Stockbridge branch of theIndian Rights Association, and on the Education Committee for the Women’sNational Indian Associatio

      Support for

    2. during theyears that Leslie Stephen contributed to the OED, he started his owncrowdsourced project, the Dictionary of National Biography (DNB). Just asMurray’s Dictionary traced the lives of thousands of words, Stephen’sdictionary traced the lives of thousands of people who made a notable impacton British history. Stephen invited 653 people to write 29,120 articles. Sixty-three volumes comprising 29,108 pages were published, the first volume in1885 and the last in 1900. The DNB is still going today, under the aegis ofOxford University Press, and it now covers the lives of 55,000 people.

      Presumably this dictionary also used a card index for collection? (check...)

  13. Jan 2024
  14. Dec 2023
  15. Nov 2023
    1. Der westantarktische Eisschild wird in diesem Jahrhundert dreimal schneller abschmelzen als im vergangenen, selbst wenn es gelingt, die globale Erhitzung auf 1,5 Grad zu begrenzen. Einer neuen Studie zufolge wurde einer der Kipppunkte, unterhalb derer das Klimasystem stabil bleibt, überschritten. Dadurch wird es zu einem so großen Anstieg des Meeresspiegels kommen, dass mehrere Küstenstädte aufgegeben werden müssen. Die Studie stützt sich nur auf eine einzige Modellierung, wird aber von den Ergebnissen anderer Untersuchungen ergänzt. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/oct/23/rapid-ice-melt-in-west-antarctica-now-inevitable-research-shows

      Studie: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-023-01818-x

    1. In December 1998, the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation awarded the Library of Congress a grant to support a two-year project to digitize the Hannah Arendt Papers manuscript collection. The staff of the Manuscript Division at the Library administered the project, with assistance from the National Digital Library Program (NDLP) and in cooperation with the New School University in New York City.
  16. Oct 2023
  17. Sep 2023
    1. Das Meeeis um die Antarktis bedeckt in diesem September so wenig Ozean Fläche wie in keinem September der Messgeschichte. Im September erreicht es seine maximale Ausdehnung. In diesem diesem Jahr liegt sie 1,75 Millionen Quadratmeter Kilometer unter dem langjährigen Durchschnitt und eine Million Quadratmeter unter dem bisher niedrigsten September-Maximum. Im Februar wurde auch bei der geringsten Ausdehnung des antarktischen Meereises ein Rekord verzeichnet. Ob und wie diese Entwicklung mit der globalen Erhitzung zusammenhängt ist noch unklar. Die obersten 300 m des Ozeans um die Antarktis sind deutlich wärmer als früher. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/26/antarctic-sea-ice-shrinks-to-lowest-annual-maximum-level-on-record-data-shows

  18. Aug 2023
    1. on Aug. 12, the National Museum of American History is giving the artifact pristine treatment.WpGet the full experience.Choose your planArrowRight"Have You Heard the One . . . ? The Phyllis Diller Gag File" is an exhibition of the beige cabinet in the quiet Albert H. Small Documents Gallery.

      The National Museum of American History debuted Phyllis Diller's gag file on August 12, 2011 in the Albert H. Small Documents Gallery in an exhibition entitled "Have you Hard the One...? The Phyllis Diller Gag File."

      see also: press release https://www.si.edu/newsdesk/releases/national-museum-american-history-showcases-life-and-laughs-phyllis-diller

  19. Jul 2023
    1. Das Natonale Klima-Anpassungsprogramm, das die britische Regierung in der vergangenen Woche vorgelegt hat, ist nicht nur unzureichend, sondern es ignoriert die Folgen der globalen Erhitzung. Themen wie Kühlung der Innenstädte, Umbau von Gebäuden oder Waldaufbau zum Gewässerschutz werden nicht angegangen. Bill McGuire, emeritierter Professor für Klimafolgen in London, kritisiert die Ignoranz der britischen Regierung im Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/jul/20/government-plan-britain-extreme-heat-society-economy

  20. Jun 2023
    1. PARIS — Europe’s top human rights court condemned the French government on Wednesday over its refusal to bring home the families of two Islamic State fighters, a landmark ruling that may push France and other European countries to speed up the repatriation of nationals held for years in squalid detention camps in northeastern Syria.

      Could such EU wide actions or decision result in fostering seed of anger among individual EU nations, eventually prompting them to leave EU? Is there no power among individual nations to make their own decisions when it comes to national security?

    1. In Carlin’s archives, by contrast, the jokes were “mainly scraps of paper organized into Ziploc baggies then put into a folder by topic.”

      quote by Journey Gunderson, the executive director of the National Comedy Center

    2. Take a look at some of the artifacts from her archive, which includes 65,000 cross-referenced gags and is headed to the National Comedy Center.

      Joan Rivers' card catalog of ~65,000 cross referenced jokes will be housed at the National Comedy Center, a museum in Jamestown, NY.

  21. May 2023
  22. Apr 2023
    1. Informationsreicher Artikel des Guardian über eine neue Anlage von #ExxonMobil zum chemischen Recycling von Plastik im texanischen Baytown-Komplex. Viele Basis-Informationen zu dieser umweltschädlichen Technik und ihrer Verwendung durch die Ölindustrie, um von der wachsenden Produktion von Single Use-Plastik abzulenken. Anlagen zum chemischen Recycling werden vor allem in räumlicher Nähe von Communities, die bereits extrem und der Verschmutzung durch Plastik und Abgase leiden Chemisches Recycling gehört auch zu den Geschäftsfeldern der #OMV-Tochter #Borealis. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/apr/10/exxon-advanced-recycling-plastic-environment

  23. Mar 2023
    1. In literature genetic criticism studies the development of a work from reading notesand drafts; this approach is most feasible after the mid-19th century, once national librariesstarted amassing the working papers of authors, either by bequest or by purchase.5

      National libraries began to more commonly acquire the working papers (nachlass) of authors and researchers after the mid-19th century.

  24. Feb 2023
  25. Jan 2023
    1. you're a Native American and also president of the National Congress of American Indians

      !- Fawn Sharp : ingienous leader - President off National Congress of American Indians

    1. Shlomo Dov (Fritz) Goitein Archive | Language: Hebrew, English, German, Size: LargeShlomo Dov (Fritz) Goitein (1900-1985), educator, linguist, orientalist and scholar of Geniza.

      https://www.nli.org.il/en/discover/archives/archives-list

      Archive listing for Goitein's papers at NLI.

    1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIfH-iSGa5M

      2021-05-12

      Dr. Hanan Harif started out as a Geniza scholar but is now a biographer of Shlomo Dov Goitein.

      In the 1920s Goitein published his only play Pulcellina about a Jewish woman who was burned at the stake in France in 1171.

      Had a friendship with Levi Billig (1897-1936)

      You know very well the verse on Tabari that says: 'You wrote history with such zeal that you have become history yourself.' Although in your modesty you would deny it, we suggest that his couplet applies to yourself as well." —Norman Stillman to S.D. Goitein in letter dated 1977-07-20

      Norman Stillman was a student of Goitein.


      What has Hanan Harif written on Goitein? Any material on his Geniza research and his note cards? He addressed some note card material in the Q&A, but nothing direct or specific.

      Goitein's Mediterranean Society project was from 1967-1988 with the last volume published three years after his death. The entirety of the project was undertaken at University of Pennsylvania.

      The India Book, India Traders was published in 2007 (posthumously) as a collaboration with M.A. Friedman.

      Goitein wrote My Life as a Scholar in 1970, which may have some methodological clues about his work and his card index.

      He also left his diaries to the National Library of Israel as well and these may also have some clues.

      His bibliography is somewhere around 800 publications according to Harif, including his magnum opus.

      Harif shows a small card index at 1:15:20 of one of Goitein's collaborators (and later rival) Professor Eliasto (unsure of this name, can't find direct reference?). Harif indicates that the boxes are in the archives where he's at (https://www.nli.org.il/en/discover/archives/archives-list ? though I don't see a reasonable name/materials there, so perhaps it's at his home at Rothberg International School of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem).

    1. Then two things happened. Goitein had bequeathed his “geniza lab” of 26,000 index cards and thousands of transcriptions, translations and photocopies of fragments to the National Library of Israel (then the Jewish National and University Library). But Mark R. Cohen(link is external) and A. L. Udovitch(link is external) arranged for copies to be made and kept in Princeton. That was the birth of the Princeton Geniza Lab. 

      https://genizalab.princeton.edu/about/history-princeton-geniza-lab/text-searchable-database

      Mark R. Cohen and A. L. Udovitch made the arrangements for copies of S.D. Goitein's card index, transcriptions and photocopies of fragments to be made and kept at Princeton before the originals were sent to the National Library of Israel. This repository was the birth of the Princeton Geniza Lab.

    1. When Goitein died in 1985, his paperswere sent to the National Library of Israel in Jerusalem, where his laboratorycan be accessed today.

      Following his death in 1985, S.D. Goitein's papers, including his zettelkasten, were sent to the National Library of Israel in Jerusalem where they can still be accessed.

  26. Dec 2022
  27. Nov 2022
    1. As the British prime minister WilliamGladstone put it at the time in the Edinburgh Review, speaking of the remarkablePrussian success in the Franco-Prussian War: ‘Undoubtedly, the conduct of thecampaign, on the German side, has given a marked triumph to the cause ofsystematic popular education.’
    2. it was clear that the European and US competitors werebenefiting from these changes to the curriculum in advances in commerce, inindustry, and even on the battlefield.

      Compulsory education and changes in curriculum in the United States and some of it's competitors in the late 19th century clearly benefitted advances in commerce, industry, and became a factor in national security.

  28. Oct 2022
    1. Scholem’s, given their own reading room at the National Library of Israel.

      Hebrew University Jewish mysticism scholar Gershom Scholem's zettelkasten has its own reading room at the National Library of Israel.

      Gershom Scholem (1897-1982)

  29. Sep 2022
    1. To truly alleviate poverty on a large scale, we must fix a system in which normallife experiences such as childbirth can translate into economic insecurity. Mostof the poor are not unexplainable anomalies in an otherwise well-functioningsociety. Instead, they are the normal consequence of structural arrangementsguaranteed to produce economic insecurity.

      This sort of institutionalized economic insecurity seems bound up in institutionalized racism and may have a relationship with recent abortion bans. Can we tease out the ways these ideas are tied together or compounded?

      How can alleviating the perceptions of these effects help create societal changes and greater flexibility and more resiliency?

      These are potential national security issues were the country to come to war with other major powers.

    1. Maria Kozhevnikov, a neuroscientist at the National University of Singapore and Massachusetts General Hospital

      !- reference : Maria Kozhevnikov - neuroscientist at National University of Singapore, Massachusetts General Hospital - Nangchen tow, Amdo region of Tibet - testing if g-tummo vase breathing technique could raise core body temperature. One monk raised body temp to that normally associated with a fever - published results in PLOS One

    1. The song, known as the Black national anthem, was played more than 20 minutes before “The Star-Spangled Banner,” which was written by slaveholder Francis Scott Key and includes lyrics about the capture of escaped slaves who fought for the British during the War of 1812.

      Do you believe that we should countinue with the current national anthem "The Star-Spangled Banner" or should we change it to "Lift Every Voice" ? Is it wrong that we are singing a song written by a slaveholder towards our country ?

  30. Aug 2022
  31. Jul 2022
    1. We don’t expect National Defence or health care to promote growth: we just accept that territorial integrity and a healthy populace are good things.

      Been making that point about health (especially since, like education, it's a provincial jurisdiction). It's easy to think of perverse incentives if a profit motive dominates education and health. Physicians would want people to remain sick and teachers would prefer it if learners required more assistance.

      Hadn't thought enough about the DND part. Sure gives me pause, given the amounts involved. Or the fact that there's a whole lot of profit made in that domain.

      So, businesspeople are quick to talk about "cost centres". Some of them realize that those matter a whole lot.

  32. Jun 2022
    1. Where are My Children?, Universal's top film of 1916, written and directed by their top director Lois Weber, discussed abortion and birth control. It was added to the National Film Registry in 1993.

      See also - Stamp, Shelley. Lois Weber in Early Hollywood. University of California Press, May 2015. ISBN 9780520284463


      Watched this last night

      https://www.kcet.org/shows/lost-la/episodes/dream-factory

  33. bafybeiccxkde65wq2iwuydltwmfwv733h5btvyrzqujyrt5wcfjpg4ihf4.ipfs.dweb.link bafybeiccxkde65wq2iwuydltwmfwv733h5btvyrzqujyrt5wcfjpg4ihf4.ipfs.dweb.link
    1. Wayne LaPierre, the current executive vice president, warned members in 1995 that anyone who wears a badge has “the government’s go-ahead to harass, intimidate, even murder law-abiding citizens.”
    2. A sign of the NRA’s new determination to influence electoral politics was the 1980 decision to endorse, for the first time in the organization’s 100 years, a presidential candidate. Their chosen candidate was none other than Ronald Reagan,
    3. In May 1977, Carter and his allies staged a coup at the annual membership meeting. Elected the new executive vice president, Carter would transform the NRA into a lobbying powerhouse committed to a more aggressive view of what the Second Amendment promises to citizens.
    4. In 1976, Maxwell Rich, the executive vice president, announced that the NRA would sell its building in Washington, D.C., and relocate the headquarters to Colorado Springs, retreating from political lobbying and expanding its outdoor and environmental activities.
    5. In the 1960s, the NRA once again supported the push for new federal gun laws. After the assassination of President John F. Kennedy in 1963 by Lee Harvey Oswald, who had bought his gun through a mail-order ad in the NRA’s American Rifleman magazine, Franklin Orth, then the NRA’s executive vice president, testified in favor of banning mail-order rifle sales. “We do not think that any sane American, who calls himself an American, can object to placing into this bill the instrument which killed the president of the United States.”
    6. When Congress was considering the first significant federal gun law of the 20th century—the National Firearms Act of 1934, which imposed a steep tax and registration requirements on “gangster guns” like machine guns and sawed-off shotguns—the NRA endorsed the law. Karl Frederick and the NRA did not blindly support gun control; indeed, they successfully pushed to have similar prohibitive taxes on handguns stripped from the final bill, arguing that people needed such weapons to protect their homes. Yet the organization stood firmly behind what Frederick called “reasonable, sensible, and fair legislation.”
    7. In the 1920s and ’30s, the NRA was at the forefront of legislative efforts to enact gun control. The organization’s president at the time was Karl T. Frederick, a Princeton- and Harvard-educated lawyer known as “the best shot in America”—a title he earned by winning three gold medals in pistol-shooting at the 1920 Summer Olympic Games. As a special consultant to the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws, Frederick helped draft the Uniform Firearms Act, a model of state-level gun-control legislation.
  34. en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org