328 Matching Annotations
  1. Mar 2021
  2. Feb 2021
    1. Samedi 30 janvier 2021, le, rapporteur général de l’Observatoire de la laïcité, et, un administrateur national de la Ligue de l’enseignement en charge de la laïcité, étaient les invités de la, coprésidente de la FCPE. Un webinaire destiné à échanger avec les présidents départementaux de la FCPE autour de la laïcité à l’école.

    1. A Nix expression describes everything that goes into a package build action (a “derivation”)

      Come up with an ultimate definition for what a "derivation" is.

      So round up all the places where it is mentioned across Nix* manuals, and check out these:


      From Nix Pills section 6.1. The derivation function (see annotation):

      A derivation from a Nix language view point is simply a set, with some attributes. Therefore you can pass the derivation around with variables like anything else.

      So there is clearly an ambiguity between what derivations are perceived to be and what is stated in the Eelco Dolstra's PhD thesis. Or maybe I'm having issues with reading comprehension again...

    2. For each output declared in outputs, the corresponding environment variable is set to point to the intended path in the Nix store for that output. Each output path is a concatenation of the cryptographic hash of all build inputs, the name attribute and the output name. (The output name is omitted if it’s out.)

      QUESTION: So when I see $out in a builder script, it refers to the default output path because the output attribute in the Nix expression has never been explicitly set, right?

    3. A derivation causes that derivation to be built prior to the present derivation; its default output path is put in the environment variable.

      That is, if an input attribute is a reference to a derivation in the Nix store, then

      1. that derivation is built first (after a binary substitute is not found, I presume), and
      2. the path to the built package (for a better word) is handed to the shell build script.
    4. derivationA description of a build action. The result of a derivation is a store object. Derivations are typically specified in Nix expressions using the derivation primitive. These are translated into low-level store derivations (implicitly by nix-env and nix-build, or explicitly by nix-instantiate).

      Organically related to the annotation regarding my nix-shell confusion.

      The dissection of this definition to show why I find it lacking:

      A description of a build action.

      The first (couple) time(s) I read the manuals, this description popped up in many places, and I identified it with Nix expression every time, thinking that a derivation is a synonym for Nix expression.

      Maybe it is, because it clearly tries to disambiguate between store derivations and derivation in the last sentence.

      The result of a derivation is a store object.

      Is this store object the same as a store derivation?

      Derivations are typically specified in Nix expressions using the `derivation primitive. These are translated into low-level store derivations (implicitly by nix-env and nix-build, or explicitly by nix-instantiate).

      QUESTION: So, the part of the Nix build expression (such as default.nix) where the derivation primitive is called (explicitly or implicitly, as in mkDerivation) is the derivation, that will be ultimately be translated into store derivations?

      ANSWER: Start at section 15.4 Derivation.


      QUESTION: Also, why is typically used here? Can one define derivations outside of Nix expressions?

      ANSWER(?): One could I guess, because store derivations are ATerms (see annotation at the top), and the Nix expression language is just a tool to translate parameterized build actions into concrete terms to build a software package. The store derivations could be achieved using different means; e.g., the way Guix uses Guile scheme to get the same result))


      I believe, that originally, derivation was simply a synonym to store derivation. Maybe it still is, and I'm just having difficulties with reading comprehension but I think the following would be less misleading (to me and apart from re-writing the very first sentence):

      Derivations are typically the result of Nix expressions calling the derivation primitive explicitly, or implicitly usingmkDerivation`. These are translated into low-level store derivations (implicitly by nix-env and nix-build, or explicitly by nix-instantiate).

    5. $stdenv/setup

      QUESTION: Does this refer to pkgs/stdenv/generic/setup.sh? According to 6.5 Phases in the Nixpkgs manual?

      ANSWER: I'm pretty sure it does. It sets up the environment (not sure how yet; I see the env vars, but not the basic commands - sed, awk, etc. - that are listed below) and defines a bunch of functions (such as genericBuilder) but it doesn't call these functions!

    6. The function mkDerivation in the Nixpkgs standard environment is a wrapper around derivation that adds a default value for system and always uses Bash as the builder, to which the supplied builder is passed as a command-line argument. See the Nixpkgs manual for details.

      "Documented" in the Nixpkgs manual under 6.1 Using stdenv.

      Used the double-quotes above because I don't consider it well documted. Will give it a try too; worst case scenario is that I'll fail as well.

    7. C.12. Release 1.6 (2013-09-10)In addition to the usual bug fixes, this release has several new features:The command nix-build --run-env has been renamed to nix-shell.
    8. See annotations with the build-phases tag.


      Why are the build phases not enumerated in the Nix manual? If the instructions on how to create a derivation (and thus, a package) then why not go all in instead of spreading out information in different manuals, making the subject harder to grasp?...

      (By the way, it is documented in the Nixpkgs manual under 6.5 Phases; not sure why it is not called build phases when every page refers to them like that.)

    9. Chapter 14. A Simple Nix Expression

      This such a stupid move to go through a derivation example before introducing the language.

    10. Add the package to the file pkgs/top-level/all-packages.nix. The Nix expression written in the first step is a function; it requires other packages in order to build it. In this step you put it all together, i.e., you call the function with the right arguments to build the actual package.

      In addition to this rant, step 3. should be more generic, instead of tying it to Nixpkgs; at least, either show how to build your own Nix expression repo, or don't add this step, but it is not at all necessary to write a derivation. There is a Nixpkgs manual for a reason.

    11. $ nix-env -i firefox --substituters ssh://alice@avalon This works similar to the binary cache substituter that Nix usually uses, only using SSH instead of HTTP

      So a substitute is a built binary for a given derivation, and a substituter is a server (or binary cache) that serves pre-built binaries, right?

      Update: in the next line it says that "it will fall back to using the binary cache substituter", so I guess that answers it.

    12. substitute

      this is another key topic. Also:

      • substitute vs. substituter => this (I think)

      See annotations with the substitute tag

    13. When you ask Nix to install a package, it will first try to get it in pre-compiled form from a binary cache. By default, Nix will use the binary cache https://cache.nixos.org; it contains binaries for most packages in Nixpkgs. Only if no binary is available in the binary cache, Nix will build the package from source. So if nix-env -i subversion results in Nix building stuff from source, then either the package is not built for your platform by the Nixpkgs build servers, or your version of Nixpkgs is too old or too new.

      binary caches tie in with substitutes somehow; get to the bottom of it. See annotations with the substitute tag.

      Maybe this?

    14. closure

      Another gem: who knows what a "closure" is.

      [This highlight] (a couple lines below) implicitly explains it though:

      The command nix-copy-closure copies a Nix store path along with all its dependencies to or from another machine via the SSH protocol. It doesn’t copy store paths that are already present on the target machine.

      or this, also just a couple lines below:

      the closure of a store path (that is, the path and all its dependencies)

    15. the closure of a store path (that is, the path and all its dependencies)
    16. The command nix-copy-closure copies a Nix store path along with all its dependencies to or from another machine via the SSH protocol. It doesn’t copy store paths that are already present on the target machine. For example, the following command copies Firefox with all its dependencies:
    17. subscribes you to a channel that always contains that latest version of the Nix Packages collection.

      That is a misleading statement. The latest version is where the master branch points, isn't it?

      So a channel points to a Nixpkgs commit (on a branch named after the channel) where all packages inside are deemed stable, and all packages are built to have available binary substitutes by a (hydra) build farm.

    18. A Nix channel is just a URL that points to a place that contains a set of Nix expressions and a manifest.
    19. garbage collector roots

      Definitely avoid this, when a term is used but only introduced formally way later. (There is also a reference to "garbage collector roots" almost at the beginning as well.)

    20. $ nix-env --switch-profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/my-profile $ nix-env --switch-profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/default These commands switch to the my-profile and default profile, respectively. If the profile doesn’t exist, it will be created automatically.

      learn more about profiles; creating new profiles was new info

    21. Chapter 10. ProfilesProfiles and user environments are Nix’s mechanism for implementing the ability to allow different users to have different configurations, and to do atomic upgrades and rollbacks.
    22. user environment
    23. In Nix, different users can have different “views” on the set of installed applications. That is, there might be lots of applications present on the system (possibly in many different versions), but users can have a specific selection of those active — where “active” just means that it appears in a directory in the user’s PATH. Such a view on the set of installed applications is called a user environment, which is just a directory tree consisting of symlinks to the files of the active applications.
    24. nix-env -qas

      ... and it takes AGES to complete

    25. 4.3.1. Change the Nix store path prefix

      There is a lot of place in this manual (and probably in the others as well) where the prefix is referred to (usually with italics, such as "prefix/store"), so in the book

      • this should be linked to this section (or the one in the book), and

      • establish a clear and well-communicated notation to convey this

    26. At the same time, it is not possible for one user to inject a Trojan horse into a package that might be used by another user.
    27. Chapter 6. SecurityNix has two basic security models. First, it can be used in “single-user mode”, which is similar to what most other package management tools do: there is a single user (typically root) who performs all package management operations. All other users can then use the installed packages, but they cannot perform package management operations themselves.Alternatively, you can configure Nix in “multi-user mode”. In this model, all users can perform package management operations — for instance, every user can install software without requiring root privileges. Nix ensures that this is secure. For instance, it’s not possible for one user to overwrite a package used by another user with a Trojan horse.

      Would have been nice to link these to the install chapter where single- and multi-user modes were mentioned.

      How would this look in a topic-based documentation? I would think that his chapter would be listed in the pre-requisites, and it could be used to buld different reading paths (or assemblies in DocBook, I believe) such as practical, depth-first (if there are people like me who want to understand everything first), etc.

    28. reentrancy
    29. You can uninstall Nix simply by running: $ rm -rf /nix
    30. $ mkdir /nix $ chown alice /nix

      Traditionally, when a command should be invoked with sudo, it is either included in the example, or the shell indicator is # instead of $.

    31. To explicitly select a single-user installation on your system:

      It should be noted in this section also that since nix 2.1.0, single user install is the default.

    32. nix-shell '<nixpkgs>' -A pan

      What is happening here exactly?

      nix-shell's syntax synopsis always bugged because it looks like this

      SYNOPSIS
      nix-shell [--arg name value] [--argstr name value] [{--attr | -A} attrPath] [--command cmd] [--run cmd] [--exclude regexp] [--pure] [--keep name] {{--packages | -p} packages...  | [path]}
      

      and the canonical example is nix-shell '<nixpkgs>' -A pan; what tripped me up is that path is usually the first in examples, and I thought that the position of arguments are strict. As it turns out, nix-shell -A pan '<nixpkgs> is just as valid.

      Side note<br> Apparently there is no standard for man pages. See 1, 2.

      '<nixpkgs>' path is the one specified in the NIX_PATH environment variable, and -A pan looks up the pan attribute in pkgs/top-level/all-packages.nix in the Nixpkgs repo.

    33. since packages aren’t overwritten, the old versions are still there after an upgrade. This means that you can roll back to the old version:

      Wouldn't hurt to tell folks that this is a convenience layer, and one could also just use the old package from the /nix/store, even though that path would be long and obscure; one could use symlinks of course.

      Or, onc could just use nix-shell -p that specifies a specific version (that's already in the store), but, of course, it's not that simple...

      https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/9682

  3. Jan 2021
  4. Dec 2020
    1. When the RFC 822 format ([28], [4]) is being used, the mail data include the header fields such as those named Date, Subject, To, Cc, and From.

      This just answered my question regarding the quote from "Postfix: The Definitive Guide":

      ENVELOPE ADDRESSES AND MESSAGE HEADERS A common source of confusion for email users is the fact that the To: address in email message headers has nothing to do with where a message is actually delivered. The envelope address controls message delivery. In practice, when you compose a message and provide your MUA with a To: address, your MUA uses that same address as the envelope destination address, but this is not required nor is it always the case. From the MTA’s point of view, message headers are part of the content of an email message. The delivery of a message is determined by the addresses specified during the SMTP conversation. These addresses are the envelope addresses , and they are the only thing that determine where messages go. See Section 2.2.8 later in the chapter for an explanation of the SMTP protocol.

      Mailing lists and spam are common examples of when the envelope destination address differs from the To: address of the message headers.

      Also an answer to this question.

    1. Include articles, such as the. Articles help readers and translation software identify the nouns and modifiers in a sentence. Examples Empty the container. The empty container
    1. Document d’aide Version mise à jour novembre 09 Questions / réponses Dossier réalisé par le PVS à partir : des textes officiels et des documents des académies de Caen, Dijon et Versailles. Mise à jour proposée par le groupe de travail sur les conseils de discipline Novembre 2009.

  5. Nov 2020
    1. Confinement d'un établissement : pilotage de la continuité pédagogique et éducative Publié le 19 novembre 2020 L’année scolaire 2019-2020 a été marquée par la fermeture inédite des écoles et des établissements scolaires du fait de la crise sanitaire. Les personnels du ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de la Jeunesse et des Sports ainsi que l'ensemble de ses partenaires se sont alors mobilisés, dans l'urgence, pour mettre en place une continuité pédagogique et éducative.

      L’IH2EF et l’IGÉSR ont coopéré, avec l’aide de plusieurs personnels de direction, pour produire ce guide pratique, qui pourrait être mis en place en situation de nouvelle fermeture temporaire d’un établissement. Concret, inspirant, et simple d’utilisation il propose une synthèse des actions à mettre en place et des fiches thématiques opérationnelles.

    1. Vadémécum pour le chef d’établissement / AVSCe document est issu d'un travail collaboratif mené par les responsables ASH en ateliers lors de leur session annuelle. Il se veut une synthèse de repères communs pour mieux appréhender la fonction d'AVS dans un établissement.

  6. Oct 2020
    1. Brochure sur l'exercice de l'autorité parentale La brochure sur l'exercce de l'autorité parentale en milieu scolaire est un guide à destination des parents d'élèves et des professionnels de l'éducation pour faciliter le dialogue, éviter les conflits et indiquer les médiations possibles. Télécharger la brochure : exercice de l'autorité parentale
  7. Sep 2020
  8. Aug 2020
    1. Simply chunking your text isn’t enough — you also need to support scanning by making it easy to quickly identify the main points of the chunks. You can do this by including: Headings and subheadings that clearly contrast with the rest of the text (bolder, larger, etc.) Highlighted keywords (bold, italic, etc.) Bulleted or numbered lists A short summary paragraph for longer sections of text, such as articles

      Help users with skimming articles in a number of ways

  9. Jul 2020
  10. Jun 2020
  11. May 2020
  12. Apr 2020
  13. Mar 2020
  14. Feb 2020
    1. A Step By Step Guide to Design a Logo for Your ClientsPosted by jennytarga on February 7th, 2020Logo is a very important part of building your brand image. It is the first brick that goes into your business branding, therefore a logo design becomes very important for your business to grow big.Branding allows your brand to connect with your clients and help them remember you wherever they go. These qualities are essential for your business to grow big. Since logo design plays such importance in business, therefore, we’ve curated a step by step guide to designing a logo for your clients.Understanding Clients NeedsUnderstanding the client's needs and wants helps you in managing project time and efforts. If your client is what something else is and you are providing something else then it's not going to work. Therefore, coming up with a design that reflects the client’s brief saves you multiple revisions and additional hours of work.The client's needs can be found in the design brief he/she provides at the first meeting. This brief is the holy grail that you can never cross. Now that being said, you can add a little innovation and personalized style into the design but, within the context of the design brief.Define Brand IdentityBrand identity is how people perceive your client. It might sound simple but it is way more complex than that. Around 65% of humans are visual learners, therefore, influencing them using visual means helps your brand identity to get registered in your client’s mind faster.Defining your brand identity gives you guidelines and instructions on what to do and what not to do. There are thousands of permutations and combinations that you can use to come up with a logo design but, when you have a brand identity guide you can save yourself tons of time and brainstorming efforts. This type of branding using visuals is called Visual Branding.  Analyze CompetitorsAnalyzing competitors helps you in getting inspirations and design structures. You can learn about industry standards after analyzing the competitors and researching the industry as a whole. For research, you can use Google, Google Images and the competitor's websites.Decision on Logo StyleLogo style is your approach towards the particular design. You can use the data collected from analyzing the competitors to decide your design style.A logo style can tell you different things about the brands, therefore choose this very carefully. Some of the common logo styles are as follows-ClassicModern & minimalistic designHandmade designVintage designChoose Logo TypeThere are several different types of logos that you can use for your design project. To decide on the logotype you can use the competitor analysis as well as the design brief. You can also provide your clients with two or more different types of logo concepts. Giving them options to choose from enables you to deeply understand what they want.Choose Color PaletteColor is the most important part of a logo. The brand guide and branding process always have a defined color palette. Designers must never go out of these palette to ensure uniformity of brand designs.If the business is brand new you have to choose the color wisely. Color plays a significant role in our everyday decisions and the same applies to the brand. You can use this guide on color psychology to learn more about color psychology.Choose Right TypographyRight typography that matches the characteristics of the brand image enables the brand to express its underlying feel to the viewer.Provide the Best OptionIf you are providing the graphic design services to the clients then it becomes essential for you to design multiple options for your clients. Designing a logo can be challenging and requires years of experience. To get the best result with your designs you need to keep practicing and keep learning about new trends and techniques.Go, Design Logo Now!Use this guide to implement your design project idea into a physical design. The most important part of being a professional logo designer is to keep practicing your skills. You can always use sites like Pinterest, Dribble to get inspiration but, the most important thing is to keep practicing.

      Use this step by step guide to design a logo for your clients that they can never reject.

  15. Dec 2019
  16. Nov 2019
  17. Sep 2019
    1. This phrase book is aimed to help newcomers to the U.S understand what some popular local idioms really mean.

      A nice little phrase guide to US English.

    1. Expert Smart Contract Development Guide for 2019

      What is a smart contract?

      For those of you who don’t know, a smart contract is a self-executing contract that digitally facilitates, verifies and enforces the agreed terms between two or more parties.

  18. Aug 2019
  19. Oct 2018
    1. singing birds

      Birds like Northern Mockingbirds, theses birds sing all through the day, and often into the night.

    2. Birds of Prey

      This is a Petrarchan sonnet. The rhyme scheme is ABBAABBACDCDCD. Petrarch is the creator of the Italian sonnet and the sonnet in general.

    3. Birds of Prey

      Peregrine Falcons are the largest falcon over most of the continent. The can be found all around north america. They have long pointed wings with a long tail.

  20. Jul 2018
    1. 2
      1. You will need a Flat-Head screwdriver and a Phillips-Head screwdriver.
      2. Working alone may not be the most efficient or safe, we recommending having a helper for the task.
      3. To avoid damage to the product, place the product on soft surfaces like a rug.
      4. Whenever you encounter difficulties or have any concerns about the product, do not hesitate to contact IKEA customer service.

    Tags

    Annotators

  21. Nov 2017
    1. In their original description Mejía and García (2013) indicated that C. jimenezii is morphologically similar to C. gracilis, but the former has leaves with whitish indumentum on both surfaces and a blade that is not fully circular in outline, and with a truncate hastula that is only a little visible on the underside; leaf sheaths thin and soft-textured; and fruits yellowish white at maturity.

      What can you infer about the physiology based off of the morphology of the plant?

      RA

    2. degree of genetic differentiation between these populations, and (3)

      What may be some causes for genetic differentiation within these two populations?

      RA

    1. We need to provide useful guidance. We need to point students in those directions where we think that they can be successful, by suggesting applications they should install and use, by offering ideas of what elements to include on their sites, by providing feedback as they explore their own digital presence, but after that we need to be able to step back and get out of the way.

      Part of the reason it can be so difficult to step back is that students really expect us not to do so.

    2. how to balance supporting a system as complex as Domain of One’s Own without dictating how people use it
    3. every moment in which we walk a student through a fix is a deeply teachable moment
  22. Jul 2017
  23. Apr 2017
  24. Jan 2017
  25. Sep 2016
    1. L’enseignant joue quatre rôles distincts : celui de client, qui juge l’adéquation du produit au cahier des charges, celui d’expert technique, en cas de difficulté bloquante, celui de chef d’entreprise lorsque cela s’impose et que des décisions autoritaires (concernant les coûts, les délais ou les méthodes) doivent être prises pour empêcher l’échec du projet, et enfin le rôle traditionnel de tuteur.
  26. May 2016
    1. Thus were now manifest all the various mediums for the Earth expression of My Idea; and You,being one of My Attributes, naturally had dominion over all of these mediums, or possessed thepower of utilizing any or all of them, if necessary, for the full and complete expression of Your --My Attributes -- powers and possibilities.In this manner and for this reason alone did You and Your Brothers and Sisters come into humanexpression. While in human form yet Your expression was so entirely Impersonal, that, thoughself-conscious, you still looked wholly to Me within for inspiration and guidance
    2. Therefore you can change them by the same process, if they do not please you; you can makethem whatever you will, by thinking them so. Can you not?But how can one do real thinking, conscious thinking, so as to bring about this change? You ask.First know that I, your Real Self, purposely brought to your attention these things which now aredispleasing and which cause you to think them as being what they now seem to be to you. I, andI alone, AM thus preparing your human mind so that, when you turn within to Me in abidingFaith and Trust, I can enable you to see and bring into outer manifestation the Reality of thesethings which now seem so unsatisfactory.For I bring to you everything that, by its outer seeming, can attract or lure your human mindonward in its Earthly search, in order to teach you of the illusoriness of all outer appearance ofmaterial things to the human mind, and of the fallibility of all human understanding; so that youwill turn finally within to Me and My Wisdom, as the One and Only Interpreter and Guide.When you have turned thus within to Me, I will open your eyes and cause you to see that theonly way you can ever bring about this change in thinking, is by first changing your attitudetoward all these things you now think are not what they ought to be.That is, if they are unsatisfactory or obnoxious to you and affect you so as to cause youdiscomfort of body or disturbance of mind, --why, stop thinking that they can so affect or disturbyou

      If I become conscious, change my thinking my experience will be different.

      The first step is to be conscious my my Real/True Self...

      "I, and I alone, AM thus preparing your human mind so that, when you turn within to Me in abiding Faith and Trust, I can enable you to see and bring into outer manifestation the Reality of these things which now seem so unsatisfactory".

      "For I bring to you everything that, by its outer seeming, can attract or lure your human mind onward in its Earthly search, in order to teach you of the illusoriness of all outer appearance of material things to the human mind, and of the fallibility of all human understanding; so that you will turn finally within to Me and My Wisdom, as the One and Only Interpreter and Guide."

      And when I do turn to my True Self/God and learn that the only way I can change my thinking is by first changing my attitude towards all things....

      If something disturbs me than stop thinking they have the power to do so...

  27. journey.pathworkers.com journey.pathworkers.com
    1. highlighting and annotating

      Login to Hypothesis to highlight, annotate, add notes, comment. (If you don't have an account, you can create one for free here: https://hypothes.is/ Thanks.

      • Pathwork Journey
  28. Feb 2016
    1. Educators

      Just got to think about our roles, in view of annotation. Using “curation” as a term for collecting URLs sounds like usurping the title of “curator”. But there’s something to be said about the role involved. From the whole “guide on the side” angle to the issue with finding appropriate resources based on a wealth of expertise.

  29. Dec 2015
    1. As you found, all you had to do in order to contact that part of your infinite Being called “Raj,” was to simply acknowledge my existence. Even though you had no idea who I was, you reached out with a simple, heartfelt acceptance of the possibility of my responding to you; and I was there. So is every other aspect of your Being. It’s all present. It’s all active. It’s all You.

      Every aspect of your Being is present, active, and available. It's all You.

  30. Oct 2015
    1. PAUL: When other people speak of having a Guide, does that necessarily mean that their Guide is a Master? RAJ: No, it does not.

      Personal guide.

  31. Aug 2015
  32. Jul 2015
  33. Jun 2015
    1. Sec. 22a-41. Factors for consideration of commissioner. Finding of no feasible and prudent alternative. Wetlands or watercourses. Habitats. Jurisdiction of municipal inland wetlands agencies. (a) In carrying out the purposes and policies of sections 22a-36 to 22a-45a, inclusive, including matters relating to regulating, licensing and enforcing of the provisions thereof, the commissioner shall take into consideration all relevant facts and circumstances, including but not limited to:

      What to consider when an application/action is considered.

  34. Nov 2014
    1. Python was created by Guido Van Rossum in the early 90s. It is now one of the most popular languages in existence. I fell in love with Python for its syntactic clarity. It’s basically executable pseudocode.

      Helpful concise, Python syntax doc