As I began to get a feel for the passions and frustrations of teens and to speak to broader audiences, I recognized that teens’ voices rarely shaped the public discourse surrounding their networked lives.
Again, putting this into historical context, is this sentence different for any prior period if we remove the word "networked"?
It's been a while, but the old saw "A child should be seen and not heard" comes quickly to mind for me.
History doesn’t ask you if you want to be born in a time of upheaval, it just tells you when you are.
If you look long enough you can find my early terrible writing. You can find blog posts in which I am an idiot. I’ve had a lot of uninformed and passionate opinions on geopolitical issues from Ireland to Israel. You can find tweets I thought were witty, but think are stupid now. You can find opinions I still hold that you disagree with. I’m going to leave most of that stuff up. In doing so, I’m telling you that you have to look for context if you are seeking to understand me. You don’t have to try, I’m not particularly important, but I am complicated. When I die, I’m going to instruct my executors to burn nothing. Leave the crap there, because it’s part of my journey, and that journey has a value. People who came from where I did, and who were given the thoughts I was given, should know that the future can be different from the past.
our brains have been trained to believe that we want, that we need, a single place where all of “our people” can gather, where it is “easy” to keep up with all of them: a massive network service, just without all the “bad stuff” of the existing ones.
A friend of mine asked if I’d thought through the contradiction of criticizing Blair publicly like this, when she’s another not-quite public figure too.
Did this really happen? Or is the author inventing it to diffuse potential criticism as she's writing about the same story herself and only helping to propagate it?
There's definitely a need to write about this issue, so kudos for that. Ella also deftly leaves out the name of the mystery woman, I'm sure on purpose. But she does include enough breadcrumbs to make the rest of the story discover-able so that one could jump from here to participate in the piling on. I do appreciate that it doesn't appear that she's given Blair any links in the process, which for a story like this is some subtle internet shade.
the woman on the plane has deleted her own Instagram account after receiving violent abuse from the army Blair created.
Feature request: the ability to make one's social media account "disappear" temporarily while a public "attack" like this is happening.
We need a great name for this. Publicity ghosting? Fame cloaking?
But, whereas engaged scholarship has a political imperative, academic microcelebrity has a market imperative. Academic microcelebrity is ostentatiously apolitical, albeit falsely so because markets are always political. Academic microcelebrity encourages brand building as opposed to consciousness-raising; brand awareness as opposed to co-creation of knowledge. It creates perverse incentives for impact as opposed to valuing social change. Microcelebrity is the economics of attention in which academics are being encouraged, mostly through normative pressure, to brand their academic knowledge for mass consumption. However, the risks and rewards of presenting oneself “to others over the Web using tools typically associated with celebrity promotion” (Barone 2009) are not the same for all academics in the neo-liberal “public” square of private media.
I'm reminded here of the huge number of academics who write/wrote for The Huffington Post for their "reach" despite the fact that they were generally writing for free. Non-academics were doing the same thing, but for the branding that doing so gave them.
In my opinion, both of these groups were cheated in that they were really building THP's brand over their own.
Digital texts embody the intersections between history and biography that Mills (1959) thought inherent to understanding social relations. Content from my blog is a ready example. I have access to the entire data set. I can track its macro discursive moments to action, space, and place. And I can consider it as a reflexive sociological practice. In this way, I have used my digital texts as methodologists use autoethnographies: reflexive, critical practices of social relationship.
I wonder a bit about applying behavioral economics or areas like System 1/System 2 of D. Kahneman and A. Tversky to social media as well. Some (a majority?) use Twitter as an immediate knee-jerk reaction to content they're reading and interacting with in a very System 1 sense while others use longer form writing and analysis seen in the blogosphere to create System 2 sort of social thinking.
This naturally needs to be cross referenced in peoples' time and abilities to consume these things and the reactions and dopamine responses they provoke. Most people are apt to read the shorter form writing because it's easier and takes less time and effort compared with longer form writing which requires far more cognitive load and time expenditure.
Almost every social network of note had an early signature proof of work hurdle. For Facebook it was posting some witty text-based status update. For Instagram, it was posting an interesting square photo. For Vine, an entertaining 6-second video. For Twitter, it was writing an amusing bit of text of 140 characters or fewer. Pinterest? Pinning a compelling photo. You can likely derive the proof of work for other networks like Quora and Reddit and Twitch and so on. Successful social networks don't pose trick questions at the start, it’s usually clear what they want from you.
And this is likely the reason that the longer form blogs never went out of style in areas of higher education where people are still posting long form content. This "proof of work" is something they ultimately end up using in other areas.
Jessifer example of three part post written for a journal that was later put back into long form for publication.
But I actually think stock and flow is a useful metaphor for media in the 21st century. Here’s what I mean: Flow is the feed. It’s the posts and the tweets. It’s the stream of daily and sub-daily updates that reminds people you exist. Stock is the durable stuff. It’s the content you produce that’s as interesting in two months (or two years) as it is today. It’s what people discover via search. It’s what spreads slowly but surely, building fans over time.
Facebook allows users to sign in, authenticate, and identify themselves on a range of Web sites, feeding our data to Facebook as we move across the Web.
If second and third tier services that are mono-tasking tools in the social space would allow for some of the IndieWeb building blocks, then this would not only help them significantly, but also help to break up the monopoly.
Here I'm thinking about things like SoundCloud, Flickr, et al that do one piece really well, but which don't have the market clout. Instagram might have been included in the collection prior to it's buyout by Facebook. Huffduffer is an audio service that does a bit of this IndieWeb sort of model.
Refusing advertising is refusing to privilege moneyed speech. The increasing equation of money with speech—that is, those with the most money can be the loudest and most persistent voices in contemporary media—is denied when advertising is refused.
Carol Nichols of the Twitter alternative rstat.us makes this explicit: Twitter is “actively ignoring the needs of their users in order to serve the needs of their advertisers and shareholders.” In contrast, she argues that rstat.us is more concerned with user expression.
There’s no doubt that the web would not be where it is today without companies like Facebook, Google, Yahoo!, and even AOL. Corporations have driven growth, investment, and innovation on the web, and social media networks have made the web a part of everyone’s lives.
Yes, they've done some of these things, but I'd argue they didn't do much of the actual innovation. Most of what they had done was being done in other areas of the web before them and they just paved the cow paths.
Potentially worse, their only innovation was to silo all the value for themselves and then externalize all the costs and issues back into society so they don't have to pay for them themselves.
While many blogs get dozens or hundreds of visitors, Searls' site attracts thousands. "I partly don't want to care what the number is," he says. "I used to work in broadcasting, where everyone was obsessed by that. I don't want an audience. I feel I'm writing stuff that's part of a conversation. Conversations don't have audiences."
Social media has completely ignored this sort of sentiment and gamified and psychoanalyzed it's way into the polar opposite direction all for the sake of "engagement", clicks, data gathering, and advertising.
ReconfigBehSci on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved October 9, 2020, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1314493024072863744
Burel, Gregoire; Farrell, Tracie; Mensio, Martino; Khare, Prashant and Alani, Harith (2020). Co-Spread of Misinformation and Fact-Checking Content during the Covid-19 Pandemic. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Social Informatics Conference (SocInfo), LNCS.
Join my Discord here (Note access is now closed - DM me for an invite)
I'm curious how this experiment turned out since it's been a while. Invite please (if you feel it's worked).
Ausführliche Sendung über Desinformationstechniken vor allem im Umkreis der Trump-Kampagne, viele Hinweise auf weitere Ressourcen
Carter, J. (2020, September 29). The American Public Still Trusts Scientists, Says a New Pew Survey. Scientific American. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-american-public-still-trusts-scientists-says-a-new-pew-survey/
Mendonça, Raíssa Oliveira de, Mylena Maria Ribeiro de Almeida, Talita Garcia Barroso, Normando José Queiroz Viana, and Caio Maximino. ‘COVID-19, Social Isolation, and Psychological Distress in a Brazilian Sample’. Preprint. PsyArXiv, 30 September 2020. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/f942w.
Tiffany, K. (2020, September 23). Reddit Squashed QAnon by Accident. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2020/09/reddit-qanon-ban-evasion-policy-moderation-facebook/616442/
Satariano, A. (2020, September 23). Young People More Likely to Believe Virus Misinformation, Study Says. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/23/technology/young-people-more-likely-to-believe-virus-misinformation-study-says.html
Tillman, G. (2020). Disordered Social Media Use and Fear of COVID-19 and the Association with Stress and Depression. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/dbg62
The quickness of social media allows for forms of vitriol that do not exactly support thoughtful debate. We need to cherish the longer forms.
Mike Caulfield on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved September 23, 2020, from https://twitter.com/holden/status/1308205813475897344
Nathan Allebach on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved September 23, 2020, from https://twitter.com/nathanallebach/status/1308154518702620678
Obradovich, N., Özak, Ö., Martín, I., Ortuño-Ortín, I., Awad, E., Cebrián, M., Cuevas, R., Desmet, K., Rahwan, I., & Cuevas, Á. (2020). Expanding the measurement of culture with a sample of two billion humans [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/qkf42
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Gallagher, R. J., Doroshenko, L., Shugars, S., Lazer, D., & Welles, B. F. (2020). Sustained Online Amplification of COVID-19 Elites in the United States. ArXiv:2009.07255 [Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2009.07255
Nutrient Agar is a general purpose, nutrient medium used for the cultivation of microbes supporting growth of a wide range of non-fastidious organisms.
Different nutrient media were used for selective cultivation of bacteria: kanamycin esculin azide (KAA, Merck Eurolab, Darmstadt, Germany) for enterococci, and Chromocult® agar (Merck) as a selective agent for Enterobacteriaceae. For the heterotrophic plate count the bacterial dilutions were plated on R2A agar
Maria Sundaram PhD on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved September 14, 2020, from https://twitter.com/mariasundaram/status/1304453386914402304
R-2A Agar is formulated as per Reasoner and Geldreich (5). Stressed or injured organismsduring water treatment are unable to grow on high nutrient media, since the faster growing organisms outgrow the former(2). Therefore the use of a low nutrient medium like R-2A Agar incubated for longer incubation periods allows these stressedorganisms to grow well.
MacConkey agar is selective for Gram-negative organisms and helps to differentiate lactose fermenting gram-negative rods from non-lactose fermenting gram-negative rods. It is primarily used for the detection and isolation of members of family enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas spp.
Seth Abramson on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved September 8, 2020, from https://twitter.com/SethAbramson/status/1303059307378995210
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Granderath, J. S., Sondermann, C., Martin, A., & Merkt, M. (2020). The Effect of Information Behavior in Media on Perceived and Actual Knowledge about the COVID-19 Pandemic. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/3y874
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Adelani, D. I., Kobayashi, R., Weber, I., & Grabowicz, P. A. (2020). Estimating community feedback effect on topic choice in social media with predictive modeling. EPJ Data Science, 9(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-020-00243-w
Figures like Kenneth Hagin, his protégé Kenneth Copeland, Oral Roberts, and, of course, Osteen himself built up individual followings: followings that often grew as a result of cross-promotion (something religious historian Kate Bowler points out in her excellent Blessed, a history of the prosperity gospel movement). One preacher might, for example, feature another at his conference, or hawk his cassette tapes.
Some of this is the leveraging of individual platforms for cross-promotion here, which helped in a pre-social media space and which now happens regularly online, particularly in the "funnel" sales space.
Ali, A. (2020, August 28). Visualizing the Social Media Universe in 2020. Visual Capitalist. https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-the-social-media-universe-in-2020/
First, what would it look like for a social media platform to re-establish perspective?
This was the exact design question I asked recently!
Browsing Twitter the other day, I once again found myself sucked into a far-off event that truly does not matter, and it occurred to me that social media is an orthographic camera.
How does this relate to Nicholas Carr's article and ideas about category errors in From context collapse to content collapse?
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Adam, D. (2020). A guide to R — the pandemic’s misunderstood metric. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02009-w
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Problems with fact checking in social media
Lange Reportage über den Verlust uralter Bäume in Kalifornien. Merkwürdig ist, dass nicht einmal ein Wort wie Klimawandel fällt.
Online Harms & Disinformation Post-COVID. (n.d.). Retrieved 20 August 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N2BmRuXbNhk
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The ad feels so fresh and uncannily cool—it even samples the Nine Inch Nails song used in “Old Town Road”—that some people could barely believe it represents a politician. Slate called it the most “incomprehensibly thrilling ad” of 2020. “Political ad goes viral for actually being inspiring,” Mashable’s headline read. One man tweeted that it made him want to “march into hell to defend ed markey from dynastic usurpers.” Another gushed that the ad makes him so fired up that “it makes me want to run through a brick wall.”
But they're ADs! Why do people today see authenticity in something so obviously inauthentic? Is it the natural result of "social media"?
Salaamedia. (2020, June 23). The Special Focus with Zahid Jadwat—Understanding the dangers of misinformation. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/salaamedia/videos/the-special-focus-with-zahid-jadwat-understanding-the-dangers-of-misinformation-/261866155076824/
Arqoub, O. A., Elega, A. A., Özad, B. E., Dwikat, H., & Oloyede, F. A. (2020). Mapping the Scholarship of Fake News Research: A Systematic Review. Journalism Practice, 0(0), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2020.1805791
Who is behind the Qanon conspiracy? We’ve traced it to three people. (n.d.). NBC News. Retrieved August 18, 2020, from https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/how-three-conspiracy-theorists-took-q-sparked-qanon-n900531
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Paris, Marseille named as high-risk COVID zones, making curbs likelier. (2020, August 14). Reuters. https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-france-idUKKCN25A0LC
Beschreibt, wie die Trump-Administration versucht, die internationalen Medien der US-Regierung (wie Voice of America) unter Kontrolle zu bringen und propagandistisch umzufunktionieren. Manches erinnert an Orwells 1984. Es ist auch deutlich, dass hier Steve Bannon eine große Rolle spielt. Eine Schlüsselrolle hat dessen Gefolgsmann Michael Pack.
Ponizovskiy, V., Grigoryan, L., & Hofmann, W. (2020, August 12). Why is right-wing media consumption associated with lower compliance with COVID-19 measures?. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/5b3cn
“The idea of a ‘blog’ needs to get over itself,” wrote Joel Hooks in a post titled Stop Giving af and Start Writing More. “Everybody is treating writing as a ‘content marketing strategy’ and using it to ‘build a personal brand’ which leads to the fundamental flawed idea that everything you post has to be polished to perfection and ready to be consumed.” It is almost as if he had reached down into my soul and figured out why I no longer had the vigor I once had for sharing on my personal blog. For far too long, I was trying to brand myself. Posts became few and far between. I still shared a short note, aside, once in a while, but much of what I shared was for others rather than myself.
For many, social media took over their "streams" of thoughts and ideas to the point that they forgot to sit, reflect, and write something longer (polished or not).
Personal websites used for yourself first is a powerful idea for collecting, thinking, and creating.
Getting away from "branding" is a great idea. Too many personal sites are used for this dreadful thing. I'd much rather see the edge ideas and what they flower into.
Identifying social media manipulation with OSoMe tools. (2020, August 11). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1BMv0PrdVGs&feature=youtu.be
Kuchler, T., Russel, D., & Stroebel, J. (2020). The Geographic Spread of COVID-19 Correlates with Structure of Social Networks as Measured by Facebook (Working Paper No. 26990; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w26990
Hansman, C., Hong, H., de Paula, Á., & Singh, V. (2020). A Sticky-Price View of Hoarding (Working Paper No. 27051; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27051
Maybe I’m getting older, or just more patient I’m aware of what I’m doing at every step in the process, rather than having it be fully automated. It’s harder to shitpost if you’re thinking everything through, just like it’s harder to make bad pizza if you know you can’t get instant gratification. I still occasionally make bad posts as well as bad pizza, but I am certainly more aware of the cases where I’m setting myself up for it.
Walter, N., Brooks, J. J., Saucier, C. J., & Suresh, S. (2020). Evaluating the Impact of Attempts to Correct Health Misinformation on Social Media: A Meta-Analysis. Health Communication, 0(0), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2020.1794553
Nan, Xiaoli, Yuan Wang, and Kathryn Thier. ‘Health Misinformation’. Preprint. PsyArXiv, 4 August 2020. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/6mrgv.
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Martel, C., Mosleh, M., & Rand, D. (2020). You’re definitely wrong, maybe: Correction style has minimal effect on corrections of misinformation online. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/w3tfb
Simchon, A., Brady, W. J., & Bavel, J. J. V. (2020). Troll and Divide: The Language of Online Polarization. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/xjd64
Obviously not every group chat counts as a “conspiracy”. But it makes the question of how society coheres, who is associated with whom, into a matter of speculation – something that involves a trace of conspiracy theory. In that sense, WhatsApp is not just a channel for the circulation of conspiracy theories, but offers content for them as well. The medium is the message.
This means that while groups can generate high levels of solidarity, which can in principle be put to powerful political effect, it also becomes harder to express disagreement within the group. If, for example, an outspoken and popular member of a neighbourhood WhatsApp group begins to circulate misinformation about health risks, the general urge to maintain solidarity means that their messages are likely to be met with approval and thanks. When a claim or piece of content shows up in a group, there may be many members who view it as dubious; the question is whether they have the confidence to say as much. Meanwhile, the less sceptical can simply forward it on. It’s not hard, then, to understand why WhatsApp is a powerful distributor of “fake news” and conspiracy theories.
Instead of positive feedback like this, is there a way to create negative feedback loops in these social media apps?
Groups are great for brief bursts of humour or frustration, but, by their very nature, far less useful for supporting the circulation of public information. To understand why this is the case, we have to think about the way in which individuals can become swayed and influenced once they belong to a group.
MyData vs. COVID-19 calls (2020, June 5) - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbpRS19STpXSWs4kTiVEx2KN5CZh6yCYI
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Journalism in Crisis (2020). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dr41ao6tKVw&feature=emb_title
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Due to social media, it's now easier than ever to make a defamatory statement. That's because social media services like Twitter and Facebook allow you to instantly "publish" a statement that can reach millions of people.
However, social media websites don’t really care about defamation–they care about trademark use. T
Bhattacharya, C., Chowdhury, D., Ahmed, N., Ozgur, S., Bhattacharya, B., Mridha, S. K., & Bhattacharyya, M. (2020). The Nature, Cause and Consequence of COVID-19 Panic among Social Media Users in India. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/dgr45
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La, V.-P., Pham, T.-H., Ho, T. M., Hoàng, N. M., Linh, N. P. K., Vuong, T.-T., Nguyen, H.-K. T., Tran, T., Van Quy, K., Ho, T. M., & Vuong, Q.-H. (2020). Policy response, social media and science journalism for the sustainability of the public health system amid the COVID-19 outbreak: The Vietnam lessons [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/cfw8x
Motta, M., Stecula, D., & Farhart, C. E. (2020). How Right-Leaning Media Coverage of COVID-19 Facilitated the Spread of Misinformation in the Early Stages of the Pandemic [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/a8r3p
Hameleers, M. (2020). Prospect Theory in Times of a Pandemic: The Effects of Gain versus Loss Framing on Policy Preferences and Emotional Responses During the 2020 Coronavirus Outbreak [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/7pykj
Krumpal, I. (2020). Soziologie in Zeiten der Pandemie [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/yqdsu
COVID-19 Social Science Tracker - Google Sheets
Starominski-Uehara, M. (2020). Mass Media Exposing Representations of Reality Through Critical Inquiry [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/vz9cu
Eisen, M. B., & Tibshirani, R. (2020, July 20). Opinion | How to Identify Flawed Research Before It Becomes Dangerous. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/20/opinion/coronavirus-preprints.html
Nate Silver on Twitter: “It’s sort of interesting which COVID-19 studies get widespread media attention. Not very well correlated (in fact, perhaps negatively correlated) with the ones the subject-matter experts I follow seem to find compelling.” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved July 20, 2020, from https://twitter.com/NateSilver538/status/1284918726379425800
Dube, J.-P., Simonov, A., Sacher, S., & Biswas, S. (2020, July 6). News media and distrust in scientific experts. VoxEU.Org. https://voxeu.org/article/news-media-and-distrust-scientific-experts
Diseases, The Lancet Infectious. ‘The COVID-19 Infodemic’. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 0, no. 0 (17 July 2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30565-X.
FSI Stanford. (2020, June 1). The Executive Order on Platforms and Online Speech: Stanford’s Cyber Policy Center Responds. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fKeWGXT8qp4
Expanding diversity and building capacity
What about youth in reduced economic circumstances? What if they do not have access to this new media? Is this bridging a gap, or just creating a new one?
Starominski-Uehara, M. (2020). Powering Social Media Footage: Simple Guide for the Most Vulnerable to Make Emergency Visible [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/gefhv
Haman, M. (2020). The use of Twitter by state leaders and its impact on the public during the COVID-19 pandemic. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/u4maf
Using Facebook Ad Library | Webinar with Maddy Webb and Laura Garcia. (2020, May 22). First Draft. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YuzUr0V_fEk&feature=emb_logo
Mark Zuckerberg & Thierry Breton: Towards a post COVID-19 Digital Deal between tech and governments? (2020, May 18). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZfi6WkIfgU&feature=youtu.be
JAMA Network - Discussing preprint servers and social media.
Dan Quintana on Twitter: “Tomorrow at 1pm CEST I’ll be doing a virtual talk for the Rotterdam R.I.O.T. Science Club (@rdam_riots) on using Twitter for science 🧬 I’ll be covering both the why and the how + I’ll be leaving plenty of time for a Q&A session. Watch here: https://t.co/nXHry9Inyi https://t.co/T6u7lvgAhO” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved June 17, 2020, from https://twitter.com/dsquintana/status/1264623289814659072
Starominski-Uehara, M. (2020). Powering Social Media Footage: Simple Guide for the Most Vulnerable to Make Emergency Visible [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/ek6tz
Digital, culture, media and sport sub-committee on online harms and disinformation. (2020, April 30). Parliament.tv. https://parliamentlive.tv/Event/Index/3c4aede5-2b89-4f33-9103-fb1c8a77a3ad
Professor Peter Bull—Meeting the media as a political psychologist. (2020, February 24). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y-mt44t-cao&feature=youtu.be
Grow, A., Perrotta, D., Del Fava, E., Cimentada, J., Rampazzo, F., Gil-Clavel, S., & Zagheni, E. (2020). Addressing Public Health Emergencies via Facebook Surveys: Advantages, Challenges, and Practical Considerations [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/ez9pb
Hossain, M. M., McKyer, E. L. J., & Ma, P. (2020). Applications of artificial intelligence technologies on mental health research during COVID-19 [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/w6c9b
Chen and Gawker did not immediately respond to requests for comment. The FBI has declined to comment. Monsegur was unavailable for comment.
Follow up on their replies.
Bex, F., Lawrence. J., Snaith. M., Reed. C., (2013) implementing the Argument Web. Communications of the ACM. (56). (10). Retrieved from chrome-extension://bjfhmglciegochdpefhhlphglcehbmek/pdfjs/web/viewer.html?file=http%3A%2F%2Farg-tech.org%2Fpeople%2Fchris%2Fpublications%2F2013%2FbexCACM.pdf
Cartwright, E. (n.d.). Leicester economist: Our city was vulnerable to a coronavirus outbreak. The Conversation. Retrieved 2 July 2020, from http://theconversation.com/leicester-economist-our-city-was-vulnerable-to-a-coronavirus-outbreak-141709
Evaluate
I believe this is an important skill to have and to teach nowadays. Especially with the readily shareable content on social media people could post things with out critically evaluating what content is saying/where it comes from/if it is credible or not.
Nathan Young on Twitter: “I refuse to subscribe to every newpaper that I read 3 articles from a month. I’m subscribed to @Blendle @Coil and @Medium for content that I pay per use. If news orgs want my money, let me pay only for what I use.” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved July 7, 2020, from https://twitter.com/nathanpmyoung/status/1280080625689669632
Chatterjee, A., & Chatterjee, A. (2020). Managing through uncertain times: A study to understand the effects of conducting socio-academic life online during COVID-19. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/vcbrw
Dr Daniel Quintana | Using Twitter for Science | R.I.O.T. Science Club—YouTube. (2020, May 26). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pA5Y4cO934I
Neill, R., Blair, C., Best, P., McGlinchey, E., & Armour, C. (2020). Media Consumption and Mental Health during COVID-19 lockdown: A UK Cross-sectional study across England, Wales, Scotland and Northern [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/5d9fc
US, A. B., The Conversation. (n.d.). Coronavirus Responses Highlight How Humans Have Evolved to Dismiss Facts That Don’t Fit Their Worldview. Scientific American. Retrieved June 30, 2020, from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/coronavirus-responses-highlight-how-humans-have-evolved-to-dismiss-facts-that-dont-fit-their-worldview/
Midgley, C., Thai, S., Lockwood, P., Kovacheff, C., & Page-Gould, E. (2020). When Every Day is a High School Reunion: Social Media Comparisons and Self-Esteem [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zmy29
News can no longer be (only) about the mass update. Stories need to be targeted to those who might be able to improve the situation. And journalism’s products — which are more than its stories — must be designed to facilitate this. News needs to be built to engage curiosity about the world and the problems in it — and their solutions. People need to get lost in the news like they now get lost in Wikipedia and Facebook. There must be comprehensive stories that get the interested but uninformed up to speed quickly. Search and navigation must be improved to the point where satisfaction of curiosity is so easy it becomes a reflex. Destination news sites need to be more extensively hyperlinked than almost anything else (and not just insincere internal links for SEO, but links that are actually useful for the user.) The news experience needs to become intensely personal. It must be easy for users to find and follow exactly their interests, no matter how arcane. Journalists need to get proficient at finding and engaging the audience for each story. And all of this has to work across all modes of delivery, so it’s always with us. Marketers understand this; it’s amazing to me that the news industry has been so slow to catch on to multi-modal engagement.
everything would work perfectly if we had all of these and people are actually rational and diligent with infinite resource.
I don’t want the product with the best content overall, I want the product that is going to serve me up the best content every single time, regardless of whether or not it was created in-house.
discovery, aggregation, curation. narrator
People spend hours roaming Wikipedia; they don’t spend hours on bbc.co.uk or cnn.com or nytimes.com or news.yahoo.com (which actualy has a far bigger audience than any traditional news outlet.) Wikipedia also tends to take the top spot in Google results, which means that more people link to it than they do to any news site.
or google just ups the ranking of Wikipedia in their algo
If you eventually do manage to find the information you need, kudos. You’re obviously very committed to learn more. But wasn’t the whole “we need context” meme prompted by the acknowledgement that most readers get confused and quit way before that stage?
The web also rewards news providers who provide context. People are far more likely to re-visit the wikipedia page or the topics overview a year after a news event. Thompson’s “The Money Meltdown” site pulled together the best links to explain the financial crisis. Matt posted it on his blog and in one month, 50,000 unique visitors came along and looked at it 75,000 times. It speaks to a desire. It’s all about pulling together links, in some cases. What’s difficult right now is automating it. Link barns as topic pages aren’t working.
basically: there's a demand for evergreen essays. but there's also demand / place for soundbites and torrent of throwaway patchy breaking news
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Allington, D., Duffy, B., Wessely, S., Dhavan, N., & Rubin, J. (undefined/ed). Health-protective behaviour, social media usage and conspiracy belief during the COVID-19 public health emergency. Psychological Medicine, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172000224X
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For Political Candidates, Making Jokes Online Might Backfire. (2020, June 18). Research Digest. https://digest.bps.org.uk/2020/06/18/for-political-candidates-making-jokes-online-might-backfire/
David G. Rand en Twitter: “Today @GordPennycook & I wrote a @nytimes op ed ‘The Right Way to Fix Fake News’ https://t.co/dyF84g6oqv tl;dr: Platforms must rigorously TEST interventions, b/c intuitions about what will work are often wrong In this thread I unpack the many studies behind our op ed 1/” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved April 15, 2020, from https://twitter.com/dg_rand/status/1242526565793136641
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Zickfeld, J., Schubert, T. W., Herting, A. K., Grahe, J. E., & Faasse, K. (2020, April 16). Predictors of Health-Protective Behavior and Changes Over Time During the Outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Norway. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/6vgf4
Schmidt, A., Brose, A., Kramer, A., Schmiedek, F., Witthöft, M., & Neubauer, A. (2020). Cyclical Across-Day Dynamics of Corona-Related Media Exposure and Worries in People’s Everyday Lives During the COVID-19 Pandemic. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/rea57
Ledford, H. (2020). How Facebook, Twitter and other data troves are revolutionizing social science. Nature, 582(7812), 328–330. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01747-1
Tsolaki, Vasiliki, George E. Zakynthinos, and Dimosthenis Makris. ‘The ARDSnet Protocol May Be Detrimental in COVID-19’. Critical Care 24, no. 1 (December 2020): 351. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-03081-4.
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Researchers: Nearly Half Of Accounts Tweeting About Coronavirus Are Likely Bots. (2020, May 20). NPR. https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/05/20/859814085/researchers-nearly-half-of-accounts-tweeting-about-coronavirus-are-likely-bots
Kazemi, D. (2020, May 23). "NPR is promoting this article again. Without access to the study we have no way of knowing how "bot" was estimated or measured, we simply have to go on the reputation and past research of this lab, which I dug into last night here: https://twitter.com/tinysubversion..." Twitter. https://twitter.com/tinysubversions/status/1263965246416318465
Roxby, P. (2020, June 13). Warning over adolescents’ lack of social contact. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/health-53022369
☣️ Michael Ç̸̠͎͉̹̼̠͔̗̓̐̐̓̓̀͝͝. Bazaco ☣️ on Twitter: “The amount of experts who used to cry foul about people acting like experts in their field that have now chased the COVID story pretending to be virologists, ID epidemiologists, ID physicians, and/or infection control specialists to try and brand build is creepy and ghoulish. 😑” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved June 15, 2020, from https://twitter.com/mcbazacophd/status/1271597829065187328
We’re presently living through what feels like a remarkably turbulent time. In fact, we might be tempted to think that ours is a uniquely chaotic moment. Of course, most of us know that human beings have lived through more chaotic, violent, and calamitous times than ours. What is novel in our experience isn’t the depth of the health crisis or the scale of the protests, the economic volatility, or the political instability. What is novel is the information ecosystem in which all of this and more is unfolding. Most of us now have far greater access to information about the world, and we are—arguably, I grant—exposed to a far wider array of competing narratives attempting, without notable success, to make sense of it all. In short, it would appear that our basic sense-making technology, the narrative, is a bit glitchy, both failing to operate as we might expect and causing some issues of its own. You won’t be surprised to learn that I think Marshall McLuhan can be helpful here. While many have found McLuhan’s aphorism “the medium is the message” confounding, McLuhan actually offered a rather straightforward explanation. “The ‘message’ of any medium or technology,” McLuhan wrote, “is the change of scale or pace or pattern that it introduces into human affairs.” “The effects of technology do not occur at the level of opinions or concepts,” McLuhan added, “but alter sense ratios or patterns of perception steadily and without any resistance.”Digital media introduced a new scale, pace, and pattern to human communication, and, in this way, altered how the world is perceived. With regards to scale, we encounter an unprecedented amount of information about the world at large through digital media. With regards to pace, we encounter this information with previously unknown and unrelenting immediacy. And, with regards to pattern, we encounter it both in novel social contexts and in a form that bears greater resemblance to a database than a story.
L. M. Sacasas providing a very brief summary of McLuhan's "medium is the message" quote applied to the Coronavirus pandemic in June 2020.
Velásquez, N., Leahy, R., Restrepo, N. J., Lupu, Y., Sear, R., Gabriel, N., Jha, O., Goldberg, B., & Johnson, N. F. (2020). Hate multiverse spreads malicious COVID-19 content online beyond individual platform control. ArXiv:2004.00673 [Nlin, Physics:Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.00673
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