Saire, Josimar. E. Chire., & Masuyama, A. (2021). How Japanese citizens faced the COVID-19 pandemic?: Exploration from twitter [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/64x7s
1,346 Matching Annotations
- Aug 2021
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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www.dur.ac.uk www.dur.ac.uk
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www.gutenberg.org www.gutenberg.org
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Normally, thousands of rabbits and guinea pigs are used andkilled, in scientific laboratories, for experiments which yieldgreat and tangible benefits to humanity. This war butcheredmillions of people and ruined the health and lives of tens ofmillions. Is this climax of the pre-war civilization to be passedunnoticed, except for the poetry and the manuring of the battlefields, that the“poppies blow”stronger and better fed? Or is thedeath of ten men on the battle field to be of as much worth inknowledge gained as is the life of one rabbit killed for experi-ment? Is the great sacrifice worth analysing? There can be onlyone answer—yes. But, if truth be desired, the analysis must bescientific.
Idea: Neural net parameter analysis but with society as the 'neural net' and the 'training examples' things like industrial accidents, etc. How many 'training examples' does it take to 'learn' a lesson, and what can we infer about the rate of learning from these statistics?
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papress.com papress.com
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<small><cite class='h-cite via'>ᔥ <span class='p-author h-card'>@vaultofculture</span> in Vault of Culture on Twitter: "@ChrisAldrich @gipperfish @jdconnor @AnneGanzert See also the work of Manuel Lima (@mslima), in particular The Book of Trees: https://t.co/30jJu1xOrY" / Twitter (<time class='dt-published'>08/08/2021 15:43:42</time>)</cite></small>
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plus.maths.org plus.maths.org
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Some words, like "the" or "a" are pretty unsurprising; in fact they are redundant since you could probably understand the message without them. The real essence of the message lies in words that aren't as common, such as "alien" or "invasion".
why does natural language has redundancy?
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If your string of symbols constitutes a passage of English text, then you could just count the number of words it contains. But this is silly: it would give the sentence "The Sun will rise tomorrow" the same information value as he sentence "The world will end tomorrow" when the second is clearly much more significant than the first. Whether or not we find a message informative depends on whether it's news to us and what this news means to us.
importantly, information depends on the prior knowledge of the receiver. If we have no idea about the relative frequency of sun rise and world ending, then the two sentences has the same amount of information to the receiver.
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To treat them all on equal terms, Shannon decided to forget about exactly how each of these methods transmits a message and simply thought of them as ways of producing strings of symbols
ultimately it boils down to the transmission of a series of encoded message, whether in the form of spoken language, drums, smoke, or Morse code
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plus.maths.org plus.maths.org
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There is, however, a major flaw: Hartley's measure gives the same value to every symbol. You could well imagine situations, though, in which one symbol carries a lot more significance than another
Hartley apparently assumes people have no prior knowledge about the symbols & frequency
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Hartley thought, the information content should grow in direct proportion to the length of the string. If every symbol has an information content of, say, , then a string of ten symbols should have an information content of And a string of symbols should have an information content of Writing for the information of the string of length , we need
first rule: information content should be proportional to the length of the string
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Since we have decided that information content hinges on that total number, our measure of information should allocate the same value to two strings produced on the two different machines
second rule: the use of alphabetic system shouldn't affect the information content
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Hartley realised that, as a measure of information, the quantity has a fatal flaw. If we apply it to our coin example, we see that a string of length has information content while a string of length has information content So adding an extra symbol to the string has added amount of information. This means that adding an extra symbol to a string of length adds only amount if information, while adding an extra symbol to a string of length adds amount of information — the information added grows exponentially with the length of the string. But that’s weird: why should an extra symbol carry much more weight when it is added to a long string than when it is added to a short string?
typo: "if information" should be "of information"; also good point
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When there is only one flip, receiving its outcome only rules out one other possibility. But when there are ten, there are a total of possible outcomes (because there are different strings of Hs and Ts of length 10). Receiving the information of which one it actually was rules out possibilities
The information content seems abundant; however, any of the 1024 possibilities content the same amount of information,
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How informative is this piece of information? Well, it's not that informative really, because there were only two possibilities
this assumes that the receiver has the same prior knowledge as the send of the message.
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plus.maths.org plus.maths.org
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Information and the logarithm
why logarithm is used for measuring information
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Local file Local file
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Müller-Wille and Scharf ‘Indexing Nature’, also points out that Linnaeus interleaved blanksheets into his texts so that he could take notes. Cooper points out that this had been a common practice in natural historysince at least the late seventeenth century (Cooper, Inventing the Indigenous, 74–5).
Apparently interleaving blank sheets into texts was a more common practice than I had known! I've seen it in the context of Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758) using the practice to take notes in his Bible, but not in others.
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First, what were the economies of attention thatguided his commonplacing techniques? Second, what type of impact did his note-taking skillshave upon the way that he arranged information in texts?
The two questions addressed in this article.
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The foregoing studies suggest two strands of commonplacing circa 1700. The first was thecollection of authoritative knowledge, usually in the form of quotations. The second was thecollection of personal or natural knowledge, with Francis Bacon’s lists, desiderata and apho-risms serving as early examples. While Moss has shown that the first strand was losing popular-ity by the 1680s, recent scholarship has shown that the second retained momentum through theeighteenth century,9especially in scientific dictionaries,10instructional cards,11catalogues,12
loose-leaf manuscripts,13syllabi14and, most especially, notebooks.15
There are two strands of commonplacing around 1700: one is the traditional collection of authoritative knowledge while the second was an emergent collection of more personal knowledge and exploration.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sammelband
Sammelband (/ˈzæməlbænt/ ZAM-əl-bant, plural Sammelbände /ˌzæməlˈbɛndə/ ZAM-əl-BEN-də or Sammelbands), or sometimes nonce-volume, is a book comprising a number of separately printed or manuscript works that are subsequently bound together.
Compare and contrast this publishing scheme with the idea of florilegium and commonplace books.
Did commonplace keepers ever sammelband their own personal volumes? And perhaps include more comprehensive indices?
What time periods did this pattern take place? How does this reflect on the idea of reorganizing early modern information management practices? Could these have bled over into the idea of the evolution of the Zettelkasten?
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www.frontiersin.org www.frontiersin.org
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Figueiras, Maria J., Jihane Ghorayeb, Mariana V. C. Coutinho, João Marôco, and Justin Thomas. ‘Levels of Trust in Information Sources as a Predictor of Protective Health Behaviors During COVID-19 Pandemic: A UAE Cross-Sectional Study’. Frontiers in Psychology 0 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.633550.
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wirtechniker.tk.de wirtechniker.tk.de
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Impfung gegen Falschinformationen. (2021, June 15). Wir Techniker. https://wirtechniker.tk.de/2021/06/15/impfung-gegen-falschinformationen/
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Pillai, Raunak, and Lisa Fazio. “The Effects of Repeating False and Misleading Information on Belief.” PsyArXiv, August 3, 2021. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/z78xm.
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Moss points out the implied analogy between the commonplace-book and "moveable type, capable of both setting a page of text in an apparentiy immutable form and of rearranging all the eléments of that page into other pattems for other meanings" (p. 252); with characteristie prudence, she mentions this analogy only when it finally becomes explicit in one of her later texts, Jean Oudart's Methode des orateurs oí 1668
The ideas of moveable type and moveable information can be an important idea in the evolution of commonplace books to zettelkasten and thence into digital forms of commonplaces.
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At the heart of these is the shift from a manuscript culture to a print culture, which leads first to a rapid increase in the production and use of commonplace-books, and eventuaUy to a kind of implosión, where the wealth of materi-als available in print makes it virtuaUy impossible to devise a comprehen-sive compendium.
Was the decline of commonplaces in culture due to a sort of defeatist attitude about the ever-increasing amount of information?
Evidence of this can be found in the expressions of how impressive Niklas Luhmann's 90,000 index card zettelkasten is. For those without the value of keeping and using one, it can seem a lot of work, but to what end?
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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He mentions Amazon wishlists that pile up and never get used. Similar to the way people pile up bookmarks and never use or revisit them.
One of the benefits of commonplace books (and tools like Obsidian, et al.) is that one is forced to re-see or re-discover these over time. This restumbling upon these things can be incredibly valuable.
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- Jul 2021
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delong.typepad.com delong.typepad.com
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We do not want to give the impression that facts, leading to increased information, and insights, leading to increased understanding, are always easy to distinguish. And we would admit that sometimes a mere recital of facts can itself lead to greater understanding. The point we want to emphasize here is that this book is about the art of reading for the sake of increased understanding. Fortunately, if you learn to do that, reading for information will usually take care of itself.
This book will focus on and emphasize reading for greater understanding with the benefit that, when accomplished, reading for information should take care of itself without significantly more work.
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Here by "learning" is meant understanding more, not remembering more information that has the same degree of intelligibility as other information you already possess.
A definition of learning here. Is this the thing that's missing from my note above?
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The first sense is the one in which we speak of ourselves as reading newspapers, magazines, or anything else that, according to our skill and talents, is at once thoroughly intelligible to us. Such things may increase our store of information, but they cannot improve our understanding, for our understanding was equal to them before we started. Otherwise, we would have felt the shock of puzzlement and perplexity that comes from getting in over our depth-that is, if we were both alert and honest.
Here they're comparing reading for information and reading for understanding.
How do these two modes relate to Claude Shannon's versions of information (surprise) and semantics (the communication) itself. Are there other pieces which exist which we're not tacitly including here? It feels like there's another piece we're overlooking.
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whether the advent of modem communications media has much enhanced our understanding of the world in which we live.
But it may be seriously questioned whether the advent of modem communications media has much enhanced our understanding of the world in which we live.
Now that I'm thinking about it, I sort of want the ability to more easily capture audio, annotate and save it while I'm listening to radio or even television. Pausing the media and having the ability to reply it (TIVO and some DVRs provide this capability) and do other things with it would be truly fantastic, especially for saving tidbits for later use and consumption.
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Carl Heneghan on Twitter. (2020). Twitter. Retrieved 2 March 2021, from https://twitter.com/carlheneghan/status/1329861848573861888
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Saltz, E., Leibowicz, C., & Wardle, C. (2020). Encounters with Visual Misinformation and Labels Across Platforms: An Interview and Diary Study to Inform Ecosystem Approaches to Misinformation Interventions. ArXiv:2011.12758 [Cs]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2011.12758
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link.aps.org link.aps.org
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Ghavasieh, A., Nicolini, C., & De Domenico, M. (2020). Statistical physics of complex information dynamics. Physical Review E, 102(5), 052304. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.102.052304
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hackaday.com hackaday.com
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https://hackaday.com/2019/06/18/before-computers-notched-card-databases/
Originally suggested by Alan Levine. Some interesting specific examples here, but I've been aware of the concept for a while.
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Snopes.com. “No, There Weren’t More COVID-19 Vaccine Deaths Than COVID-19 Deaths.” Accessed July 23, 2021. https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/covid-vax-deaths-vs-covid-deaths/.
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web.hypothes.is web.hypothes.is
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education@hypothes.is or support@hypothes.is
Important for further assistance.
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Facebook AI. (2021, July 16). We’ve built and open-sourced BlenderBot 2.0, the first #chatbot that can store and access long-term memory, search the internet for timely information, and converse intelligently on nearly any topic. It’s a significant advancement in conversational AI. https://t.co/H17Dk6m1Vx https://t.co/0BC5oQMEck [Tweet]. @facebookai. https://twitter.com/facebookai/status/1416029884179271684
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www.cdc.gov www.cdc.gov
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CDC. (2020, February 11). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/more/science-and-research/surface-transmission.html
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www.theatlantic.com www.theatlantic.com
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By making the storage and organization of information everyone’s responsibility and no one’s, the internet and web could grow, unprecedentedly expanding access, while making any and all of it fragile rather than robust in many instances in which we depend on it.
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As Jorge Luis Borges pointed out, a library without an index becomes paradoxically less informative as it grows.
Explore why this is so from an information theoretic perspective. Is it true?
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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the Guardian. ‘10% of People of Colour in Great Britain Would Refuse Covid Jab - YouGov Data’, 7 March 2021. http://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/mar/07/10-of-uks-people-of-colour-would-refuse-covid-vaccine-yougov-data.
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www.theatlantic.com www.theatlantic.com
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In 1791, France’s revolutionary government issued the world’s first national cataloging code, calling for playing cards to be used for bibliographical records.
Reference for this as well?
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Linnaeus experimented with a few filing systems. In 1752, while cataloging Queen Ludovica Ulrica’s collection of butterflies with his disciple Daniel Solander, he prepared small, uniform sheets of paper for the first time. “That cataloging experience was possibly where the idea for using slips came from,” Charmantier explained to me. Solander took this method with him to England, where he cataloged the Sloane Collection of the British Museum and then Joseph Banks’s collections, using similar slips, Charmantier said. This became the cataloging system of a national collection.
Description of the spread of the index card idea.
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www.sciencedaily.com www.sciencedaily.com
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Linnaeus had to manage a conflict between the need to bring information into a fixed order for purposes of later retrieval, and the need to permanently integrate new information into that order, says Mueller-Wille. “His solution to this dilemma was to keep information on particular subjects on separate sheets, which could be complemented and reshuffled,” he says.
Carl Linnaeus created a method whereby he kept information on separate sheets of paper which could be reshuffled.
In a commonplace-centric culture, this would have been a fascinating innovation.
Did the cost of paper (velum) trigger part of the innovation to smaller pieces?
Did the de-linearization of data imposed by codices (and previously parchment) open up the way people wrote and thought? Being able to lay out and reorder pages made a more 3 dimensional world. Would have potentially made the world more network-like?
cross-reference McLuhan's idea about our tools shaping us.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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This system was invented by Carl Linnaeus,[1] around 1760.
How is it not so surprising that Carl Linnaeus, the creator of a huge taxonomic system, also came up with the idea for index cards in 1760.
How does this fit into the history of the commonplace book and information management? Relationship to the idea of a zettelkasten?
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www.sciencehistory.org www.sciencehistory.org
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<small><cite class='h-cite via'>ᔥ <span class='p-author h-card'>Wikipedia</span> in Index card - Wikipedia (<time class='dt-published'>07/03/2021 21:36:58</time>)</cite></small>
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zettelkasten.de zettelkasten.de
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These criteria – surprise serendipity, information and inner complexity
These criteria – surprise serendipity, information and inner complexity – are the criteria any communication has to meet.
An interesting thesis about communication. Note that Luhmann worked in general systems theory. I'm curious if he was working in cybernetics as well?
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Irritation: basically, without surprise or disappointment there’s no information. Both partners have to be surprised in some way to say communication takes place.
This is a basic tenet of information theory. Interesting to see it appear in a work on writing.
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twitter.com twitter.com
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UNICEF on Twitter: “This is what it takes to deliver lifesaving vaccines to the world. Thank you for your support. Https://t.co/Y04PhlMSRb” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved July 2, 2021, from https://twitter.com/UNICEF/status/1400002998198280192
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acrlvltf.org acrlvltf.org
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emerging technologies such as deep fakes, facial recognition, and other applications of artificial intelligence
this sort of language will help make the document become outdated.
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- Jun 2021
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Covid-19 Conspiracies: How Can We Deal With Misinformation? (n.d.). Retrieved June 28, 2021, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/sunitasah/2021/01/07/covid-19-conspiracies-how-can-we-deal-with-misinformation/?sh=526aa35b2b3f
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www.reuters.com www.reuters.com
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Fact Check-COVID-19 vaccines are not ‘cytotoxic’ | Reuters. (n.d.). Retrieved June 25, 2021, from https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-vaccine-cytotoxic/fact-check-covid-19-vaccines-are-not-cytotoxic-idUSL2N2O01XP
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Antico, L., & Corradi-Dell’Acqua, C. (2021). Far from the eyes, far from the heart. COVID-19 confinement dampened sensitivity to painful facial features. [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ewvp7
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journalofcognition.org journalofcognition.org
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Henderson, E. L., Simons, D. J., & Barr, D. J. (2021). The Trajectory of Truth: A Longitudinal Study of the Illusory Truth Effect. Journal of Cognition, 4(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.5334/joc.161
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Singh, K., Lima, G., Cha, M., Cha, C., Kulshrestha, J., Ahn, Y.-Y., & Varol, O. (2021). Misinformation, Believability, and Vaccine Acceptance Over 40 Countries: Takeaways From the Initial Phase of The COVID-19 Infodemic. ArXiv:2104.10864 [Cs]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2104.10864
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projectinfolit.org projectinfolit.org
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faculty assume that students know how to, for example, take notes
are note-taking skills taught at all?
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reading at the college level can be a real challenge for students from any discipline
teaching how to read is an ongoing project. Digital reading techniques need to be introduced, reinforced and practiced across courses.
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epjdatascience.springeropen.com epjdatascience.springeropen.com
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Baghal, T. A., Wenz, A., Sloan, L., & Jessop, C. (2021). Linking Twitter and survey data: Asymmetry in quantity and its impact. EPJ Data Science, 10(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-021-00286-7
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Mielicki, M., Fitzsimmons, C., Schiller, L., Scheibe, D., Taber, J. M., Sidney, P., Matthews, P. G., Waters, E. A., Coifman, K., & Thompson, C. A. (2021). Adults’ Health-Related Problem Solving Is Facilitated by Number Lines, But Not Risk Ladders and Icon Arrays. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/h3stw
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Capraro, V., Boggio, P., Böhm, R., Perc, M., & Sjåstad, H. (2021). Cooperation and acting for the greater good during the COVID-19 pandemic. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/65xmg
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- May 2021
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interpersonal.stackexchange.com interpersonal.stackexchange.com
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If you're already an admin for the zone in question, then the proper way to get that information is to log on to the DNS server or DNS control console and read it right from there. If you're not an admin for the zone, you're not supposed to have that information. Note that the person you are talking to on the phone is almost certainly not a DNS zone admin, so they also should not have that information. If they somehow did have it, they definitely shouldn't give it out over the phone. This is for your protection.
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DNS zone information is sensitive. Many years ago it was possible for anyone to query a DNS server and literally get back all the records at once, but that was a security issue. Now you have to be an admin for the zone to get that info.
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"Put as much information about the problem itself into the email". This is where you show your ability to know what is important and relevant and establish your technical level. Don't be brief, don't imply, and break it down Barney style so the person receiving it knows to escalate your ticket.
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Look for certain questions that have been asked every time, and put those answers into the initial email you send about the new problem. Try to add things that make the potential problem sound local. The more information you give them that you know they will be asking for in their script, the faster you will get someone who can help you. And they will thank you for it.
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If you email helpdesk (us specifically), if you use appropriate technical detail you will probably get someone who knows what they're doing, and will greatly appreciate it. If you call, you will get me only. I will ask you lots of questions, with awkward pauses in between while I write my notes, and at the end of it I probably won't be able to help you. Technical detail is still welcome, but there are some questions I will ask you anyway even if they sound useless to you
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Put as much information about the problem itself into the email, within reason. No need to write a paragraph, that takes time away from you and from us. Bullet points are perfect (preferred).
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medium.com medium.com
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@DFRLab. (2021, May 13). Official Twitter account of Sputnik V manipulates information to target Western COVID-19 vaccines. Medium. https://medium.com/dfrlab/official-twitter-account-of-sputnik-v-manipulates-information-to-target-western-covid-19-vaccines-c1a13dac580d
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- vaccine
- lang:en
- Sputnik V
- COVID-19
- critique
- is:article
- USA
- discreditation
- propaganda
- manipulation of information
- Russia
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chrismeyns.medium.com chrismeyns.medium.com
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Meyns, C. (2021, May 15). In de ban van de evenementenlobby. Medium. https://chrismeyns.medium.com/in-de-ban-van-de-evenementenlobby-46437eb12ee4
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COVID-19 Breakthrough Case Investigations and Reporting | CDC. (2021, May 28). https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/health-departments/breakthrough-cases.html
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80000hours.org 80000hours.org
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Career decision making involves so much uncertainty that it’s easy to feel paralysed. Instead, make some hypotheses about which option is best, then identify key uncertainties: what information would most change your best guess?
We tend to think that uncertainties can't be weighted in our decision-making, but we bet on uncertainties all the time. Rather than throw your hands up and say, "I don't have enough information to make a call", how can we think deliberately about what information would reduce the uncertainty?
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Remmel, A. (2021). ‘It’s a minefield’: COVID vaccine safety poses unique communication challenge. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-01257-8
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www.service-public.fr www.service-public.fr
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Information des parents à l'école primaire (élémentaire et maternelle)
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www.service-public.fr www.service-public.fr
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Collège et lycée : information des parents sur la scolarité de leur enfant
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journals.plos.org journals.plos.org
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These “Songline” stories are ancient, exhibit little variation over long periods of time, and are carefully learned and guarded by the Elders who are its custodians [7].
What is the best way we could test and explore error correction and overwriting in such a system from an information theoretic standpoint?
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brainbaking.com brainbaking.com
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I can refer to a section of page in a book by using #(booknr)p(pagenr)(section), for example #8p113a. There are four sections in my journals: A (upper left), B (down left), C (upper right), D (down right).
An interesting page/section reference method.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Petrus Ramus
Just making note of the fact that Petrus Ramus was the advisor of Theodor Zwinger and apparently influcnced Jean Bodin, about whom Ann M. Blair writes about in Too Much to Know: Managing Scholarly Information Before the Modern Age.
I suspect these influences may impinge on my work on the history of memory and its downfall due to Ramism since the late 1500s and which impacts the history of information.
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newrepublic.com newrepublic.comNote This10
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We still do not understand how information practices from the worlds of learning, finance, industry, and administration cross-pollinated. From the fourteenth century onward, accountants developed complex instructions for note-taking to describe holdings and transactions, as well for the recording of numbers and calculations. By the seventeenth century, merchants, and indeed ship captains, engineers, and state administrators, were known to travel with trunks of memoranda, massive inventories, scrap books, and various ledgers and log books that mixed descriptive notes and numbers. By the eighteenth century, tables and printed forms cut down on the need for notes and required less description and more systematic numerical notes. Notaries also were master information handlers, creating archives for their legal and financial documents and cross-referencing catalogue systems.
I'm noticing no mention here of double entry book keeping or the accountant's idea of waste books.
There's also no mention of orality or memory methods either.
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Humanists had the tools and even the concepts to invent the cross-referenced thematic library catalogue, but they did not do so. We do not know why it took several hundred years and the Italian director of the British Museum, Antonio Panizzi, to create a truly modern reference catalogue through his “Ninety-One Cataloguing Rules” in 1841.
Origin of the modern reference catalogue...
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Why did a figure such as Leibniz fail to use his own tools? Perhaps messiness was the source of his creativity. This is a fact of intellectual originality with which Google must still grapple—libraries, after all, allow for the type of manageable disorder which is often the spark of creativity.
Manageable disorder, messiness, and even chaos can be the source of boundless creativity.
There's an idea in complexity theory that the most interesting things happen at the edge of chaos.
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Conrad Gesner, the German author of the founding work of modern bibliography, the boldly titled Bibliotheca Universalis, claimed to list all known extant books in learned languages (Greek, Hebrew, and Latin) of eighteen thousand indexed authors. While he complained of a “harmful abundance of books,” he nonetheless gained his fame by cataloguing them.
Add to the timeline
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In effect, Too Much to Know is a reference book about reference books, containing chapters on early “information management,” note-taking, reference genres and “finding devices,” compiling, and the impact of reference books.
I love all of these various topics.
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The humanist remedy for information overload was to produce an unprecedented number of manuals about how to read books. They outlined what Blair calls the four S’s of early modern information management: storage, sorting, selection, summary.
I'd love to have a list of these and some of their similarities. What would oral cultures have done? How would/did they manage their overflow of information, besides overwriting the new/improved and forgetting the old/unuseful?
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Vincent de Beauvais’s Speculum maius, in 1255, was the most ambitious compilation of summaries and excerpts of its time, containing some 4.5 million words.
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To extract knowledge successfully from reading was to “deflower” a book, as explained by the preface to the twelfth-century Libri deflorationum.
Libri deflorationum
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Scholars such as Robert Darnton, Peter Burke, and Anthony Grafton have written about the long and colorful history of information.
Some scholars to delve more deeply into. I've seen all three of these names in the past and have read some of their works.
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www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Schmitt, H.-J., Booy, R., Aston, R., Van Damme, P., Schumacher, R. F., Campins, M., Rodrigo, C., Heikkinen, T., Weil-Olivier, C., Finn, A., Olcén, P., Fedson, D., & Peltola, H. (2007). How to optimise the coverage rate of infant and adult immunisations in Europe. BMC Medicine, 5, 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-5-11
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www.mdpi.com www.mdpi.com
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Ahmed, S. T. (2020). Managing News Overload (MNO): The COVID-19 Infodemic. Information, 11(8), 375. https://doi.org/10.3390/info11080375
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Gallotti, R., Valle, F., Castaldo, N., Sacco, P., & De Domenico, M. (2020). Assessing the risks of ‘infodemics’ in response to COVID-19 epidemics. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(12), 1285–1293. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-00994-6
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dataforpolicy.org dataforpolicy.org
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Special Track 3. (n.d.). Data for Policy CIC. Retrieved 8 March 2021, from https://dataforpolicy.org/data-fof-policy-2021/special-track-3/
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci. (2020, December 7). Science of Behavioral Change Capstone Conference: Celebrating Accomplishments and Looking to the Future Register now for this Feb. 22-23 NIH virtual event https://t.co/tw5QiDuJBB [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1335909129861337088
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci. (2020, November 26). The critical question is whether the summary ‘study shows face masks have no significant effect’ is “misinformation”. First off, the title is ambiguous. It could be paraphrased in two different ways: A) is telegraphic version of a longer sentence "study showed that face.. [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1332008460825878529
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Stephan Lewandowsky. (2021, March 6). 25 March deadline for submissions to our ‘special track’ https://t.co/qwLxCCSjks at Data for Policy conference, 14-16 September at UCL. Please consider submitting @SciBeh @stefanmherzog @Sander_vdLinden https://t.co/A8KSC1Tkh9 [Tweet]. @STWorg. https://twitter.com/STWorg/status/1368280722709110789
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Sabin Vaccine Institute on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved 5 March 2021, from https://twitter.com/sabinvaccine/status/1329160621485662208
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci. (2020, December 5). @DrMRooke @sTeamTraen @STWorg this is a book that Amazon also sells- seems fascinating enough to me ;-) https://t.co/dDSV4s7TW7 [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1335242748249706497
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Jonathan Rothberg 🦋. (2021, March 2). Testing works. I test daily. Insist on HOME testing. @michaelmina_lab @JoeBiden Research suggests B.1.526 needs to be closely watched “for its ability to evade both monoclonal antibody and, to a certain extent, the vaccine-induced antibody,” said Fauci [Tweet]. @JMRothberg. https://twitter.com/JMRothberg/status/1366755339912306688
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Strasser, M. A., Sumner, P. J., & Meyer, D. (2021). COVID-19 news distress in youth: A systematic review protocol. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/nkxqr
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- Apr 2021
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Ebrahimi, O. V., Johnson, M. S., Ebling, S., Amundsen, O. M., Halsøy, Ø., Hoffart, A., … Johnson, S. U. (2021, April 25). Risk, Trust, and Flawed Assumptions: Vaccine Hesitancy During the COVID-19 Pandemic. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/57pwf
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www.bmj.com www.bmj.com
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Implementation of a hospital information system in Limpopo Province
failure of hospital information systems have affected people in Limpopo province as they still have to use the old school method for data collection about their patients. these will make it harder for leadership to monitor the progress of the strategies that they are using.
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The lessons learnt are applicable to the installation of all hospital information systems.
There was no clear indication on the use of health information system in South Africa until couple of lessons were learnt when the hospitals were underperforming.
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www.sciencedirect.com www.sciencedirect.com
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Featherstone, J. D., Bell, R. A., & Ruiz, J. B. (2019). Relationship of people’s sources of health information and political ideology with acceptance of conspiratorial beliefs about vaccines. Vaccine, 37(23), 2993–2997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.04.063
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sariazout.substack.com sariazout.substack.com
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This post articulates a lot of what I've been thinking about for the past 18 months or so, but it adds the additional concept of community integration.
Interestingly, this aligns with the early, tentative ideas around what the future of In Beta might look like as a learning community, rather than a repository of content.
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unix.stackexchange.com unix.stackexchange.com
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What produces that text, and what do you want to use it for?
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Astreintes des chefs d'établissements scolaires 9e législature Question écrite n° 03237 de M. Philippe Madrelle (Gironde - SOC) publiée dans le JO Sénat du 26/01/1989 - page 118 M. Philippe Madrelle appelle l'attention de M. le ministre d'Etat, ministre de l'éducation nationale, de la jeunesse et des sports, sur les différentes modalités d'astreintes auxquelles sont assujettis les chefs d'établissements scolaires. Il lui demande de bien vouloir lui préciser si les chefs d'établissements sont obligés d'assurer d'une manière permanente la garde des bâtiments administratifs, pédagogiques et des logements de fonction de l'établissement où ils exercent leur activité professionnelle. Par ailleurs, il lui demande si cette astreinte est susceptible de s'étendre à d'autres personnels de l'établissement. Réponse du ministère : Éducation publiée dans le JO Sénat du 04/05/1989 - page 713 Réponse. - En plus de leurs responsabilités définies par le décret n° 85-924 du 30 août 1985 relatives au bon fonctionnement des établissements durant les périodes de présence des élèves, afin d'assurer la sécurité des personnes et des biens, les chefs d'établissement doivent assurer également un certain nombre d'obligations pendant les congés scolaires. La réglementation applicable en ce domaine conduit le chef d'établissement, dans le respect des dispositions statutaires en matière de congés annuels, à organiser durant les vacances une permanence qui répond à des objectifs précis : garantir le renseignement des familles et notamment prévoir l'inscription des élèves, permettre aux services académiques d'effectuer le travail préparatoire pour les rentrées scolaires, assurer l'encadrement du personnel de service pour la conduite des travaux d'entretien ou de réfection qui ne peuvent s'effectuer qu'en dehors de la présence des élèves, permettre la réponse de l'étab lissement aux sollicitations extérieures que peut appeler la politique d'ouverture du service public de l'éducation nationale. Il relève de la responsabilité du chef d'établissement d'établir à cet effet un service de vacances dans lequel, pour la période des vacances scolaires d'été, sa présence est notamment impérative deux semaines après la sortie des élèves et deux semaines avant leur rentrée. Sont astreints également au service des vacances, outre les chefs d'établissement, leurs adjoints, les personnels d'éducation ainsi que les personnels affectés au service d'intendance. S'agissant du gardiennage pendant la période de fermeture, il appartient au chef d'établissement de proposer à l'inspecteur d'académie, directeur des services départementaux de l'éducation, les modalités de mise en place de ce service et les éventuelles solutions de remplacement. Enfin, compte tenu des conséquences de l'organisation du service de vacances sur le fonctionnement des établissements, le chef d'établissement doit tenir informé selon le cas le président du conseil régional ou général du dispositif retenu.
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cor.stanford.edu cor.stanford.edu
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URL
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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Also, the img is liquid/fluid, the height of the div/img are unknown, and the width is set to 800px and max-width to 80%.
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A reproduction of Carroll’snotes on his number alphabet will be found in Warren Weaver’s arti-cle “Lewis Carroll: Mathematician,” inScientific Americanfor April1956.)
I need to track down this reference and would love to see what Weaver has to say about the matter.
Certainly Weaver would have spoken of this with Claude Shannon (or he'd have read it).
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- Mar 2021
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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Take control of it for yourself.
quite in contrast to the 2021 Congressional Investigation into Online Misinformation and Disinformation which places the responsibility on major platforms (FB, Twitter, YouTube) to moderate and control content.
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journals.sagepub.com journals.sagepub.com
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Lovari, A., Martino, V., & Righetti, N. (2021). Blurred Shots: Investigating the Information Crisis Around Vaccination in Italy. American Behavioral Scientist, 65(2), 351–370. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764220910245
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Bookmarked at 12:24 PM on 2021-03-21 because of the word negentropy. I'm sceptical of the application solely because of this word.
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journals.sagepub.com journals.sagepub.com
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Hoogeveen, S., Sarafoglou, A., & Wagenmakers, E.-J. (2020). Laypeople Can Predict Which Social-Science Studies Will Be Replicated Successfully: Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515245920919667
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www.newscientist.com www.newscientist.com
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Stokel-Walker, C. (n.d.). Concerns raised about pubs collecting data for coronavirus tracing. New Scientist. Retrieved June 25, 2020, from https://www.newscientist.com/article/2246965-concerns-raised-about-pubs-collecting-data-for-coronavirus-tracing/
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com onlinelibrary.wiley.com
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Traczyk, J., Fulawka, K., Lenda, D., & Zaleskiewicz, T. (n.d.). Consistency in probability processing as a function of affective context and numeracy. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.2206
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www.sciencedirect.com www.sciencedirect.com
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Downs, J. S., de Bruin, W. B., & Fischhoff, B. (2008). Parents’ vaccination comprehension and decisions. Vaccine, 26(12), 1595–1607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.01.011
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Coenen, A., & Gureckis, T. (2021). The distorting effects of deciding to stop sampling information. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/tbrea
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www.jmir.org www.jmir.org
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Morley, Jessica, Josh Cowls, Mariarosaria Taddeo, and Luciano Floridi. ‘Public Health in the Information Age: Recognizing the Infosphere as a Social Determinant of Health’. Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 8 (2020): e19311. https://doi.org/10.2196/19311.
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journal.disruptivemedia.org.uk journal.disruptivemedia.org.uk
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Because “open” may face a similar fate as befell “design” and “innovation,” terms that are alternatively inspiring and incomprehensible, both motivation and muddled jargon.
"Information" is another word that might fit into this group of over-saddled words.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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The question, 'What is library and information science?' does not elicit responses of the same internal conceptual coherence as similar inquiries as to the nature of other fields, e.g., 'What is chemistry?', 'What is economics?', 'What is medicine?' Each of those fields, though broad in scope, has clear ties to basic concerns of their field. [...] Neither LIS theory nor practice is perceived to be monolithic nor unified by a common literature or set of professional skills. Occasionally, LIS scholars (many of whom do not self-identify as members of an interreading LIS community, or prefer names other than LIS), attempt, but are unable, to find core concepts in common
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Some believe that computing and internetworking concepts and skills underlie virtually every important aspect of LIS, indeed see LIS as a sub-field of computer science!
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Documentation science gradually developed into the broader field of information science.
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danallosso.substack.com danallosso.substack.com
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He introduces the idea of the apophatic: what we can't put into words, but is important and vaguely understood. This term comes from Orthodox theology, where people defined god by saying what it was not.
Too often as humans we're focused on what is immediately in front of us and not what is missing.
This same thing plagues our science in that we're only publishing positive results and not negative results.
From an information theoretic perspective, we're throwing away half (or more?) of the information we're generating. We might be able to go much farther much faster if we were keeping and publishing all of our results in better fashion.
Is there a better word for this negative information? #openquestions
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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Another example: a list (<ul> or <ol>) should generally be used to group similar items (<li>). You could use a div for the group and a <span> for each item, and style each span to be on a separate line with a bullet point, and it might look the way you want. But "this is a list" conveys more information.
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www.econlib.org www.econlib.org
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Some generally sound advice all around.
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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Hackathon: Climate denial and COVID-19 misinformation: birds of a feather? : BehSciAsk. (n.d.). Reddit. Retrieved 6 March 2021, from https://www.reddit.com/r/BehSciAsk/comments/jjk00r/hackathon_climate_denial_and_covid19/
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci. (2020, November 5). In 4 days: SciBeh workshop ‘Building an online information environment for policy relevant science’ Join us! Topics: Crisis open science, interfacing to policy, online discourse, tools for research curation talks, panels, hackathons https://t.co/SPeD5BVgj3… I https://t.co/kQClhpHKx5 [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1324286406764744704
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Simone, Costanza De, Antonella Battisti, and Azzurra Ruggeri. “Differential Impact of Web Habits and Active Navigation on Adolescents’ Online Learning.” PsyArXiv, March 1, 2021. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/hsvc4.
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘1 week to the SciBeh workshop “Building an online information environment for policy relevant science” Join us, register now! Topics: Crisis open science, interfacing to policy, online discourse, tools for research curation talks, panels, hackathons https://t.co/Gsr66BRGcJ https://t.co/uRrhSb9t05’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 2 March 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1323207455283826690
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘RT @UCLACOVID19: An informed community is a healthier community. Check us out at @UCLACOVID19 and @uclaaasc’s https://t.co/m0GTixM2jW for r…’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 2 March 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1321406774214336515
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link.springer.com link.springer.com
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Søe, S. O. (2019). A unified account of information, misinformation, and disinformation. Synthese. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-019-02444-x
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- Feb 2021
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www.nejm.org www.nejm.org
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Placebo-Controlled Trials of Covid-19 Vaccines—Why We Still Need Them. (2021). New England Journal of Medicine, 384(2), e2. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2033538
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link.aps.org link.aps.org
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Ye, Y., Zhang, Q., Ruan, Z., Cao, Z., Xuan, Q., & Zeng, D. D. (2020). Effect of heterogeneous risk perception on information diffusion, behavior change, and disease transmission. Physical Review E, 102(4), 042314. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.102.042314
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Chande, A., Lee, S., Harris, M., Nguyen, Q., Beckett, S. J., Hilley, T., Andris, C., & Weitz, J. S. (2020). Real-time, interactive website for US-county-level COVID-19 event risk assessment. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(12), 1313–1319. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-01000-9
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Jin, H., Jia, L., Yin, X., Wei, S., & Xu, G. (2020, December 18). The influence of information relevance on the continued influence effect of misinformation. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/uatjd
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trailblazer.to trailblazer.to
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allowing you to limit what invoked tasks or nested activies “see” and what they propagate to the caller context.
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a method that doesn’t have access to variables outside its scope
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trailblazer.to trailblazer.to
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What this means is: I better refrain from writing a new book and we rather focus on more and better docs.
I'm glad. I didn't like that the book (which is essentially a form of documentation/tutorial) was proprietary.
I think it's better to make documentation and tutorials be community-driven free content
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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The term encapsulation is often used interchangeably with information hiding. Not all agree on the distinctions between the two though; one may think of information hiding as being the principle and encapsulation being the technique. A software module hides information by encapsulating the information into a module or other construct which presents an interface.
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www.infoworld.com www.infoworld.com
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Authors rarely distinguish between the two and often directly claim they are the same.
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The main purpose of this book is to go one step forward, not onlyto use the principle of maximum entropy in predicting probabilitydistributions, but to replace altogether the concept of entropy withthe more suitable concept of information, or better yet, the missinginformation (MI).
The purpose of this textbook
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Thereare also a few books on statistical thermodynamics that use infor-mation theory such as those by Jaynes, Katz, and Tribus.
Books on statistical thermodynamics that use information theory.
Which textbook of Jaynes is he referring to?
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Levine, R. D. and Tribus, M (eds) (1979),The Maximum Entropy Principle,MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Book on statistical thermodynamics that use information theory, mentioned in Chapter 1.
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Katz, A. (1967),Principles of Statistical Mechanics: The Informational TheoryApproach,W.H.Freeman,London.
Books on statistical thermodynamics that use information theory.
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softwareengineering.stackexchange.com softwareengineering.stackexchange.com
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Programming to an interface means that when you are presented with some programming interface (be it a class library, a set of functions, a network protocol or anything else) that you keep to using only things guaranteed by the interface. You may have knowledge about the underlying implementation (you may have written it), but you should not ever use that knowledge.
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Abir, Y., Marvin, C., van Geen, C., Leshkowitz, M., Hassin, R., & Shohamy, D. (2020, November 11). Rational Curiosity and Information-Seeking in the COVID-19 Pandemic. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/hcta4
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Any representation of information such as a chart, diagram or table. Multiple views of the same information are possible, such as a bar chart for management and a tabular view for accountants.
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www.zhihu.com www.zhihu.com
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sigma代数涵盖了“一切可能事件的一切可能组合”
一切可能事件的一切组合似乎是个不错的信息的定义。。。
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所以这个sigma代数越大，那么信息就越多
最大的sigma代数是\(\mathcal{F}\)?
- sigma代数的大小如何理解？
- 信息的定义？
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Lakens, D. (2021). Sample Size Justification. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/9d3yf
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Vigfusson, Y., Karlsson, T. A., Onken, D., Song, C., Einarsson, A. F., Kishore, N., Mitchell, R. M., Brooks-Pollock, E., Sigmundsdottir, G., & Danon, L. (2021). Cell-phone traces reveal infection-associated behavioral change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(6). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2005241118
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Lalwani, P., Fansher, M., Lewis, R., Boduroglu, A., Shah, P., Adkins, T. J., … Jonides, J. (2020, November 8). Misunderstanding “Flattening the Curve”. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/whe6q
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Cantwell, O., & Kushlev, K. (2020, October 31). Anxiety Talking: Does Anxiety Predict Sharing Information about COVID-19?. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ah528
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Loomba, S., de Figueiredo, A., Piatek, S. J., de Graaf, K., & Larson, H. J. (2021). Measuring the impact of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on vaccination intent in the UK and USA. Nature Human Behaviour, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-021-01056-1
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onedrive.live.com onedrive.live.comOneDrive1
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Tiger tiger burning bright. In the forest of the night. The falcon cannot hear the falconer. Things fall apart. When the stars threw down their spears what rough beast .
This is a mix of lines from two poems - "Tyger" by William Blake and "The Second Coming" by William Butler Yeats.
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Searches and hashtags in social media are much less reliable as verification tools because you could be fishing within the "bubble" (or "echo chamber") of those who share common interests, fears and prejudices—and are more likely to be perpetuating myths and rumors.
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- Jan 2021
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www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
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Group Rules from the Admins1NO POSTING LINKS INSIDE OF POST - FOR ANY REASONWe've seen way too many groups become a glorified classified ad & members don't like that. We don't want the quality of our group negatively impacted because of endless links everywhere. NO LINKS2NO POST FROM FAN PAGES / ARTICLES / VIDEO LINKSOur mission is to cultivate the highest quality content inside the group. If we allowed videos, fan page shares, & outside websites, our group would turn into spam fest. Original written content only3NO SELF PROMOTION, RECRUITING, OR DM SPAMMINGMembers love our group because it's SAFE. We are very strict on banning members who blatantly self promote their product or services in the group OR secretly private message members to recruit them.4NO POSTING OR UPLOADING VIDEOS OF ANY KINDTo protect the quality of our group & prevent members from being solicited products & services - we don't allow any videos because we can't monitor what's being said word for word. Written post only.
Wow, that's strict.
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arstechnica.com arstechnica.com
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Muzzey had hoped that the advancement of technology might make the process easier over time, that tools like ContentID could streamline things for artists. But he says it hasn’t. “I’ve had to come to terms with the fact that this isn’t a blip: this is the new normal, and it’s getting worse, not better,” he says. “Part of that problem is that people like me don’t realize their stuff is out there or think I’m not famous, so how can it be possible, not realizing that if you have a Soundcloud page, your music has been ripped, put into torrents, probably in a TV show in China somewhere, and that’s just how that world works. You don’t realize it until it’s revealed to you layer by layer.”
There's an interesting information imbalance that creators have with online content. It's easy for their content to travel around, but it's much harder for them to tell where that content has been.
It would be interesting if more systems used webmention then text creators could include invisible links as a possible solution for those who are too lazy to reformat or strip them out in content farm manner.
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chicinacademia.com chicinacademia.com
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Science Says Sunday – COVID-19 Vaccine Must-Knows: Before, During, After. (2021, January 17). Chic in Academia. https://chicinacademia.com/2021/01/17/science-says-sunday-covid-19-vaccine-must-knows-before-during-after/
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www.americanpressinstitute.org www.americanpressinstitute.org
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The purpose of news is to inform, educate, and give us understanding and knowledge of what is going on in the world. It helps us to keep up to date with issues so we are in the know and fully aware of events taking place.
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journals.plos.org journals.plos.org
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Parag. K. V., Donnelly. C. A., (2020) Using information theory to optimise epidemic models for real-time prediction and estimation. PLOS. Retrieved from https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007990
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blog.imagerelay.com blog.imagerelay.com
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going back to find something they found before
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reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk
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As vaccines start rolling out, here’s what our research says about communication and coronavirus. (n.d.). Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. Retrieved 13 January 2021, from https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/risj-review/vaccines-start-rolling-out-heres-what-our-research-says-about-communication-and
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Marsh, S. (2020, December 4). Vaccine expert tells ministers: ‘Stop boasting and get public onboard’. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2020/dec/04/advice-to-uk-ministers-stop-vaccine-boasting-and-get-public-onboard
Tags
- vaccine
- lang:en
- public
- distribution
- long term plan
- minister
- information
- misinformation
- COVID-19
- government
- hesitancy
- VCP
- UK
- is:news
Annotators
URL
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- Dec 2020
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globalfintechseries.com globalfintechseries.com
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FTS News Desk (2020) Blue J Launches Free Tools to Help Determine COVID-19 Relief Eligibility. Global FinTech Series. Retrieved from: https://globalfintechseries.com/blue-j-launches-free-tools-to-help-determine-covid-19-relief-eligibility/
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www.atpm.com www.atpm.com
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Types of Structure Outliners take advantage of what may be the most primitive of relationships, probably the first one you learned as an infant: in. Things can be in or contained by other things; alternatively, things can be superior to other things in a pecking order. Whatever the cognitive mechanics, trees/hierarchies are a preferred way of structuring things. But it is not the only way. Computer users also encounter: links, relationships, attributes, spatial/tabular arrangements, and metaphoric content. Links are what we know from the Web, but they can be so much more. The simplest ones are a sort of ad hoc spaghetti connecting pieces of text to text containers (like Web pages), but we will see many interesting kinds that have names, programs attached, and even work two-way. Relationships are what databases do, most easily imagined as “is-a” statements which are simple types of rules: Ted is a supervisor, supervisors are employees, all employees have employee numbers. Attributes are adjectives or tags that help characterize or locate things. Finder labels and playlists are good examples of these. Spatial/tabular arrangements are obvious: the very existence of the personal computer sprang from the power of the spreadsheet. Metaphors are a complex and powerful technique of inheriting structure from something familiar. The Mac desktop is a good example. Photoshop is another, where all the common tools had a darkroom tool or technique as their predecessor.
Structuring Information
Ted Goranson holds that there are only a couple of ways to structure information.
In — Possibly the most primitive of relationships. Things can be in other things and things can be superior to other things.
Links —Links are what we know from the web, but these types of links or only one implementation. There are others, like bi-directional linking.
Relationships — This is what we typically use databases for and is most easily conceived as "is-a" statements.
Attributes — Adjectives or tags that help characterize or locate things.
Metaphors — A technique for inheriting structure from something familiar.
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github.com github.com
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The only solution that I can see is to ensure that each user gets their own set of stores for each server-rendered page. We can achieve this with the context API, and expose the stores like so: <script> import { stores } from '@sapper/app'; const { page, preloading, session } = stores(); </script> Calling stores() outside component initialisation would be an error.
Good solution.
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One way to do that is to export them from @sapper/app directly, and rely on the fact that we can reset them immediately before server rendering to ensure that session data isn't accidentally leaked between two users accessing the same server.
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This would be cumbersome, and would encourage developers to populate stores from inside components, which makes accidental data leakage significantly more likely.
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Just realised this doesn't actually work. If store is just something exported by the app, there's no way to prevent leakage. Instead, it needs to be tied to rendering, which means we need to use the context API. Sapper needs to provide a top level component that sets the store as context for the rest of the app. You would therefore only be able to access it during initialisation, which means you couldn't do it inside a setTimeout and get someone else's session by accident:
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github.com github.com
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This is an opportunity to fix a bug: if you're on a page that redirects to a login page if there's no user object, or otherwise preloads data specific to that user, then logging out won't automatically update the page — you could easily end up with a page like HOME ABOUT LOG IN ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Secret, user-specific data that shouldn't be visible alongside a 'log in' button:
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www.autonome-solidarite.fr www.autonome-solidarite.fr
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci [@SciBeh] (2020) SciBeh is organising a workshop on "Building an online information environment for policy relevant science" Mark the date, Nov. 9/10, 2020, join us, contact us with thoughts and suggestions, and RT!. Twitter. Retrieved from: https://twitter.com/i/web/status/1309436825753260032
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weblog.tetradian.com weblog.tetradian.com
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idea and research-record in the often-validated belief that it might be essential for something in some unexpected future
Reminded me of “Just in Time” vs “Just in Case” by Theresia Tanzil
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www.nhs.uk www.nhs.uk
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Coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine. (2020, November 26). Nhs.Uk. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/coronavirus-vaccination/coronavirus-vaccine/
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davecormier.com davecormier.com
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If you give any question to a student that has a clear, definitive answer, you are tempting them to cheat.
We should be assessing how people use information to solve problems they care about, rather than whether or not they can recall information.
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- Nov 2020
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news.ycombinator.com news.ycombinator.com
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I've spent the last 3.5 years building a platform for "information applications". The key observation which prompted this was that hierarchical file systems didn't work well for organising information within an organisation.However, hierarchy itself is still incredibly valuable. People think in terms of hierarchies - it's just that they think in terms of multiple hierarchies and an item will almost always belong in more than one place in those hierarchies.If you allow users to describe items in the way which makes sense to them, and then search and browse by any of the terms they've used, then you've eliminated almost all the frustrations of a file system. In my experience of working with people building complex information applications, you need: * deep hierarchy for classifying things * shallow hierarchy for noting relationships (eg "parent company") * multi-values for every single field * controlled values (in our case by linking to other items wherever possible) Unfortunately, none of this stuff is done well by existing database systems. Which was annoying, because I had to write an object store.
Impressed by this comment. It foreshadows what Roam would become:
- People think in terms of items belonging to multiple hierarchies
- If you allow users to describe items in a way that makes sense to them and allow them to search and browse by any of the terms they've used, you've solved many of the problems of existing file systems
What you need to build a complex information system is:
- Deep hierarchies for classifying things (overlapping hierarchies should be possible)
- Shallow hierarchies for noting relationships (Roam does this with a flat structure)
- Multi-values for every single field
- Controlled values (e.g. linking to other items when possible)
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www.thebrain.com www.thebrain.com
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Almost all interfaces today, with the exception of TheBrain visual user interface, are limited to organizing information into hierarchies, where a piece of information can only be categorized into one place. For simple applications this is fine, but for users engaging in more complex business processes, it is simply inadequate. A document will have a variety of different issues or people associated with it – with hierarchies one cannot show all these relationships without multiple copies of the information.
Shelley Hayduk also identifies the issue that most information management software uses a file cabinet metaphor (i.e. hierarchy). This has the limitation that a piece of information can only be categorized in one place. For more complex things, this is inadequate.
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Mulukom, V. van, Pummerer, L., Alper, S., Bai, (Max) Hui, Cavojova, V., Farias, J. E. M., Kay, C. S., Lazarevic, L., Lobato, E. J. C., Marinthe, G., Banai, I. P., Šrol, J., & Zezelj, I. (2020). Antecedents and consequences of COVID-19 conspiracy theories: A rapid review of the evidence. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/u8yah
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www.theatlantic.com www.theatlantic.com
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Professionally our methods of transmitting and reviewing the results of research are generations old and by now are totally inadequate for their purpose. If the aggregate time spent in writing scholarly works and in reading them could be evaluated, the ratio between these amounts of time might well be startling. Those who conscientiously attempt to keep abreast of current thought, even in restricted fields, by close and continuous reading might well shy away from an examination calculated to show how much of the previous month's efforts could be produced on call. Mendel's concept of the laws of genetics was lost to the world for a generation because his publication did not reach the few who were capable of grasping and extending it; and this sort of catastrophe is undoubtedly being repeated all about us, as truly significant attainments become lost in the mass of the inconsequential.
Specialization, although necessary, has rendered it impossible to stay up to date with the advances of a field.
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github.com github.com
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This is linux. Ouput first, formatting second. systemctl --no-pager -l should be the default.
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- Oct 2020
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www.scispike.com www.scispike.com
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I came up with this solution by piecing together man pages and random google result. I was surprised at how many incomplete and inaccurate answers were out there. What may have been more surprising was the complete lack of a full intact solution.
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github.com github.com
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It took a lot of searching around to find that variable.
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metascience.com metascience.com
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Fiona Fidler: Misinterpretations of evidence, and worse misinterpretations of evidence (Video). (n.d.). Metascience.com. Retrieved 29 October 2020, from https://metascience.com/events/metascience-2019-symposium/fiona-fidler-misinterpretations-of-evidence/
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icla2020b.jonreeve.com icla2020b.jonreeve.com
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What a weight!
I like how much information can be packed into a few words "What a weight!". I wonder how a machine learning approach on summarizing the text , or finding and outlining those little phases, would perform. Although I am pretty sure there already is some kind of attempt to train a classifier using premade summaries of stories and notations. One of the challenges I would assume to be the correct identification of the actual borders of such notations by the classifier. One solution for that would be to assume that a notation is always one sentence long and work from there.
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www.interaction-design.org www.interaction-design.org
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Data shall be normalized between the organization and its customers and within the organization itself Data shall be easy to transfer and be reusable within the organization and within the partner network Wherever possible data entry shall be avoided and be replaced by data lookup, selection and confirmation utilities instead
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Information flow is key to delivering high quality services; if people don’t know what they’re supposed to and when they’re supposed to know it – service suffers.
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cache.media.eduscol.education.fr cache.media.eduscol.education.fr
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Il est nécessaire de donner à la famille l’adresse de l’ENT de l’école ou de l’établissement scolaire, ainsi que le guide de prise en main de l’ENT
donner le guide de prise en main ne suffit pas, prévoir d'outilller les parents
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informer la famille sur les associations des parents d’élèves présentes dans l’école ou l’établissement scolaire et leurs missions ;
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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r/BehSciResearch—Review on combatting the COVID misinformation flood. (n.d.). Reddit. Retrieved October 12, 2020, from https://www.reddit.com/r/BehSciResearch/comments/j9mrlp/review_on_combatting_the_covid_misinformation/
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www.hsj.gr www.hsj.gr
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An Evaluation of Problem-based Learning Supported by Information and Communication Technology: A Pilot Study
(Under "Viewing Options", select PDF.) In this article, Ernawaty and Sujono (2019) summarize results of a study funded by the Research and Higher Education Directorate of Indonesia. The study aimed to evaluate the cogency of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in problem based learning (PBL) and traditional teaching methods (TTM) based upon learner test scores. The concepts of PBL, TTM, and implications of ICTs are briefly reviewed. Results of the study revealed that PBL with the support of an ICT yielded the highest test scores. (6/10)
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www.vatican.va www.vatican.va
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THE ILLUSION OF COMMUNICATION
Interesting section - one sided and lacking in nuance, but not untrue.
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covid-19.iza.org covid-19.iza.org
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COVID-19 and the Labor Market. (n.d.). IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. Retrieved October 10, 2020, from https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13574/
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ec.europa.eu ec.europa.eu
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Anonymous. (2020, October 7). Second set of reports – Fighting COVID-19 disinformation Monitoring Programme [Text]. Shaping Europe’s Digital Future - European Commission. https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/second-set-reports-fighting-covid-19-disinformation-monitoring-programme
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journals.sagepub.com journals.sagepub.com
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Li, J., & Zheng, H. (2020). Online InformationSeeking and Disease Prevention Intent During COVID-19 Outbreak. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 1077699020961518. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699020961518
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We are sharded beings; the sum total of our various aspects as contained within our biological beings as well as the myriad of technologies that we use to extend our biological abilities.
To some extent, this thesis could extend Cesar Hidalgo's concept of the personbyte as in putting part of one's self out onto the internet, one can, in some sense, contain more information than previously required.
Richard Dawkin's concept of meme extends the idea a bit further in that an individual's thoughts can infect others and spread with a variable contagion rate dependent on various variables.
I would suspect that though this does extend the idea of personbyte, there is still some limit to how large the size of a particular person's sphere could expand.
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