Rutjens, B. T., van der Linden, S., van der Lee, R., & Zarzeczna, N. (2021). A group processes approach to antiscience beliefs and endorsement of “alternative facts.” Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 24(4), 513–517. https://doi.org/10.1177/13684302211009708

Zuckerman, E. (2021). Demand five precepts to aid social-media watchdogs. Nature, 597(7874), 9–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02341-9

Seth Trueger on Twitter: “@IdiotTracker @RyanMarino from the makers of ivermectin https://t.co/oEhAaWhqK3” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved August 27, 2021, from https://twitter.com/MDaware/status/1404856892812316677

Sirlin, N., Epstein, Z., Arechar, A. A., & Rand, D. (2021). Digital literacy and susceptibility to misinformation. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/7rb2m

Here again is another example indicating that Niklas Luhmann developed the idea instead of it having evolved over several hundred years from the commonplace book and becoming more specific with the wide adoption of index cards in society once mass manufacture was more easily available.

The Attack on "Critical Race Theory": What's Going on?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P35YrabkpGk

Lately, a lot of people have been very upset about “critical race theory.” Back in September 2020, the former president directed federal agencies to cut funding for training programs that refer to “white privilege” or “critical race theory, declaring such programs “un-American propaganda” and “a sickness that cannot be allowed to continue.” In the last few months, at least eight states have passed legislation banning the teaching of CRT in schools and some 20 more have similar bills in the pipeline or plans to introduce them. What’s going on?

Join us for a conversation that situates the current battle about “critical race theory” in the context of a much longer war over the relationship between our racial present and racial past, and the role of culture, institutions, laws, policies and “systems” in shaping both. As members of families and communities, as adults in the lives of the children who will have to live with the consequences of these struggles, how do we understand what's at stake and how we can usefully weigh in?

Hosts: Melissa Giraud & Andrew Grant-Thomas

Guests: Shee Covarrubias, Kerry-Ann Escayg,

Some core ideas of critical race theory:

• racial realism
  • racism is normal
• interest convergence
  • racial equity only occurs when white self interest is being considered (Brown v. Board of Education as an example to portray US in a better light with respect to the Cold War)
• Whiteness as property
  • Cheryl Harris' work
  • White people have privilege in the law
  • myth of meritocracy
• Intersectionality

People would rather be spoon fed rather than do the work themselves. Sadly this is being encouraged in the media.

Short summary of CRT: How laws have been written to institutionalize racism.

Culturally Responsive Teaching (also has the initials CRT).

KAE tries to use an anti-racist critical pedagogy in her teaching.

SC: Story about a book Something Happened in Our Town (book).

• Law enforcement got upset and the school district
• Response video of threat, intimidation, emotional blackmail by local sheriff's department.
• Intent versus impact - the superintendent may not have had a bad intent when providing an apology, but the impact was painful

It's not really a battle about or against CRT, it's an attempt to further whitewash American history. (synopsis of SC)

What are you afraid of?

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Céline Gounder, MD, ScM, FIDSA on Twitter: “1/ PROFOUNDLY DISTURBING clips from a town hall with Arkansas @AsaHutchinson. Q: What’s in the vaccine? A: Here are full ingredient lists: Pfizer: Https://t.co/ZgpaqcIlzg Moderna: Https://t.co/j5uf4uErLB J&J: https://t.co/qsjEO8s4gg https://t.co/OR9sSANR7x” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved August 11, 2021, from https://twitter.com/celinegounder/status/1423002451460907009

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van der Linden, S., Roozenbeek, J., & Compton, J. (2020). Inoculating Against Fake News About COVID-19. Frontiers in Psychology, 0. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.566790

Thaker, J., & Subramanian, A. (2001). Exposure to COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy is As Impactful as Vaccine Misinformation in Inducing a Decline in Vaccination Intentions in New Zealand: Results from Pre-Post Between Groups Randomized Block Experiment. Frontiers in Communication, 0. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2021.721982

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Politics of COVID-19 Misinformation. (n.d.). HackMD. Retrieved 4 August 2021, from https://hackmd.io/@scibehC19vax/misinfo_politics

Sir Patrick Vallance on Twitter: “Correcting a statistic I gave at the press conference today, 19 July. About 60% of hospitalisations from covid are not from double vaccinated people, rather 60% of hospitalisations from covid are currently from unvaccinated people.” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved August 4, 2021, from https://twitter.com/uksciencechief/status/1417204235356213252

Vaccine Misinformation Insights Report: June. (n.d.). First Draft. Retrieved 4 August 2021, from https://firstdraftnews.org:443/long-form-article/vaccine-misinformation-insights-report-june/

Impfung gegen Falschinformationen. (2021, June 15). Wir Techniker. https://wirtechniker.tk.de/2021/06/15/impfung-gegen-falschinformationen/

‘Analysis | People Are More Anti-Vaccine If They Get Their Covid News from Facebook than from Fox News, Data Shows’. Washington Post. Accessed 4 August 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/07/27/people-are-more-anti-vaccine-if-they-get-their-covid-19-news-facebook-rather-than-fox-news-new-data-shows/.

Effron, D. A., & Raj, M. (2020). Misinformation and Morality: Encountering Fake-News Headlines Makes Them Seem Less Unethical to Publish and Share. Psychological Science, 31(1), 75–87. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797619887896

Orticio, E., Martí, L., & Kidd, C. (2021). Social prevalence information is rationally integrated in belief updating. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/7gja2

Pillai, Raunak, and Lisa Fazio. “The Effects of Repeating False and Misleading Information on Belief.” PsyArXiv, August 3, 2021. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/z78xm.

Chen, Cathy Xi, Gordon Pennycook, and David Rand. ‘What Makes News Sharable on Social Media?’ PsyArXiv, 9 July 2021. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/gzqcd.

Martí, L., & Kidd, C. (2021). “Fringe” beliefs aren’t fringe. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/8u5jn

The Daily 202: Nearly 30 groups urge Facebook, Instagram, Twitter to take down vaccine disinformation—The Washington Post. (n.d.). Retrieved August 2, 2021, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/07/19/daily-202-nearly-30-groups-urge-facebook-instagram-twitter-take-down-vaccine-disinformation/?utm_source=twitter&utm_campaign=wp_main&utm_medium=social

Marcus, David. “Mitch McConnell Warns of Return to 2020 If COVID Vaccine Rates Don’t Increase.” New York Post (blog), July 21, 2021. https://nypost.com/2021/07/21/mitch-mcconnell-urges-covid-19-vaccines-warns-of-lockdowns/.

Comparisons between deaths reported after swine flu and Covid-19 vaccines are misleading. (15:28:48.704848+00:00). Full Fact. https://fullfact.org/online/swine-flu-vaccine-1976-covid/

Zeke Emanuel on Twitter: “Masks are off, theaters and indoor dining are back: Life seems to be returning to normal. But the highly transmissible Delta variant is spreading quickly, & we aren’t even halfway to a fully vaccinated population. It’s time for employer vaccine mandates. Https://t.co/34UArFfHN5” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved August 1, 2021, from https://twitter.com/ZekeEmanuel/status/1418266496749428737?s=20

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How anti-vaccination websites build audiences and monetize misinformation %. (2021, March 10). First Draft. https://firstdraftnews.org:443/articles/antivaccination-audiences-monetize/

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The Daily Beast on Twitter: “The Russian marketing agency Fazze made a splash with attempts to pay off European influencers to spread fake dirt about Western vaccines in an apparent bid to make Moscow’s COVID-19 jab seem more appealing https://t.co/PEOnx1IggE” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved July 28, 2021, from https://twitter.com/thedailybeast/status/1420388337421013001

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Leah Keating on Twitter: “This work with @DavidJPOS and @gleesonj is now on arXiv (https://t.co/hxjZnCmKcM): ‘A multi-type branching process method for modelling complex contagion on clustered networks’ Here is a quick overview of our paper: (1/6) https://t.co/3jQ2flhk71” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved July 23, 2021, from https://twitter.com/leahakeating/status/1418150117106978816

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Carl T. Bergstrom. (2021, April 27). 6. In the right column, we are given weighted averages. But these are nonsense as well, because the data are not collected in a way that allow for meaningful comparisons. Most critically, THESE ARE TOTAL DEATHS, NOT VACCINE ASSOCIATED DEATHS. [Tweet]. @CT_Bergstrom. https://twitter.com/CT_Bergstrom/status/1387153003824648196

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CovidCallOut on Twitter: “Vaccines work or they don’t…. If they do…. Opening up… let them do there job… If they don’t…. You have to return to normality at some stage… Otherwise then what… restrictions on who you see, what you do and where you go until when…. Forever.. It’s one or the other…” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved July 18, 2021, from https://twitter.com/Covid_CallOut/status/1416078635266609152

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the Guardian. “‘Mixed Advice’ Driving Covid Vaccine Hesitancy in Pregnant UK Women,” July 13, 2021. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jul/13/mixed-advice-driving-covid-vaccine-hesitancy-in-pregnant-uk-women.

Dr. Tara C. Smith. (2021, March 26). ‘What motivation could anti-vaxxers possibly have to spread misinformation?’ Story: ‘Organizers of the course attended by CBC journalists said that 400 people had signed up, which at $623 per student, adds up to almost $250,000 in course fees’ + tests & supplements she plugged. [Tweet]. @aetiology. https://twitter.com/aetiology/status/1375468823508348928

‘Social Networks Are Exporting Disinformation About Covid Vaccines’. Bloomberg.Com, 20 May 2021. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-20/facebook-instagram-twitter-export-covid-vaccine-misinformation-from-u-s.

the Guardian. ‘10% of People of Colour in Great Britain Would Refuse Covid Jab - YouGov Data’, 7 March 2021. http://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/mar/07/10-of-uks-people-of-colour-would-refuse-covid-vaccine-yougov-data.

Facebook, Twitter, options, S. more sharing, Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Email, URLCopied!, C. L., & Print. (2021, June 1). Misinformation remains the biggest hurdle as vaccination effort turns to cash incentives. San Diego Union-Tribune. https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/health/story/2021-05-31/misinformation-remains-the-biggest-hurdle-as-vaccination-effort-turns-to-cash-incentives