• The East India Company used excuses to violate treaties and conquer more land
• Ex: In 1856, the British took Nawab Wajid Ali Shah's territory on grounds that he was weak and immoral

• British took taxes from peasants without letting Indian previous positions of power interfere
• Peasants had to take out loans from moneylenders
• Peasants who couldn't pay their loans would have to give up their land

Along with peasants, other sectors of the Indian population were not happy with British rule:

• Indian people who once had much power and property
• Indian business people who lost a lot of power in the newly British economy

• The many revolts that made up the 1857 Rebellion were usually for specific villages or small areas for the inhabitants there

• The peasant Devi Singh made his own gov based on the British way of governing with a peasant army that went after the moneyloaners hated by peasants in debt
• This may be evidence for the idea that the main sticking point for Indian peasants was the cultural and taxation policies of the British instead of the administrative part

• The British government took over ruling India instead of the EIC in 1858
• Perhaps the British government took over ruling India instead of the East India Company because after the uprising, ruling over colonial states was viewed as a more militant and political task than an economic one.

• People originally in power in colonized territories striking a deal with the colonizers for their benefit is a common pattern

• The British started off trying to control just India's trade by setting trading posts on the ocean
• Around the early 1800s, the East India Company conquered many areas in India and surrounding areas

Economic control -> political, military control

• The East India Company, as a for-profit, wanted to be able to do business without restrictions in India.
• The best way to guarantee this was to gain political alliances (by paying the Mughal emperor to let them trade), then starting in the second half of the 1700s, control (by later actually conquering areas) of territories.

The first half of the 1800s saw:

• the disappearance of original Indian positions of power
• the disappearance of original Indian state boundaries and sovereignties in 1848 by governor-general Lord Dalhousie

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two forms of political accountability

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ReconfigBehSci. (2021, January 18). Calling lawyers, historians, and political scientists. A thread on the value of life. I’m still stunned by Lord Sumption, ex-judge on UK’s Supreme Court, now anti-lockdown campaigner, publicly stating that the life of a woman with stage 4 bowel cancer was ‘less valuable’ 1/4 [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1351118909886312449

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Its cool that different nationality and race are on the city council board

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Does High Public Trust Amplify Compliance with Stringent COVID-19 Government Health Guidelines? A Multi-country Analysis Using Data from 102,627 Individuals

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Does "evil" refer to religion? Or perhaps they meant "evil" in a more general way, as a more extreme version of "bad".

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Aksoy. C. G., Eichengreen. B., Saka. O., (2020). The Political Scar of Epidemics. Institute of labor economics. Retrieved from: https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13351/

Zhang, S. (2020, November 10). The Lame-Duck Vaccine. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2020/11/bidens-vaccine-reset/617059/

rationalizing lack of agency as a consequence of resistance

has not yet been received, actors asking for a response

Cargnino. M., Neubaum. G., Winter. S., (2020) We're a Good Match: Selective Political Friending on Social Networking Sites. PSyarxiv. Retrieved from: https://psyarxiv.com/9dmgf/

This is also kind of true of e.g. Buddhism and many other spiritual traditions: they don't have a very thought out socio-political vision. Instead they have an advanced form of the "personal is political". I suspect this is part intentional, part accidental. Getting involved in critiques of capitalism, at least at a detailed level, tends to get political quickly and getting political in general a) risks obsolescence (and being wrong) b) risks alienating potential participants c) risks being wrong (and dangerously wrong, e.g. being misused to justify, say, authoritarianism).

All that said, I think this is a major lacunae both of Integral and spiritual traditions.

An interesting example with some inflamatory rhetoric, but coupled with his resignation which is all he has left...

Lau, P. Y. F. (2020). Fighting COVID-19: Social capital and community mobilisation in Hong Kong. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-08-2020-0377

Seth Abramson on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved October 14, 2020, from https://twitter.com/SethAbramson/status/1315856349964759040

Kavanagh, M. M. (2020). US elections and a foreign policy for pandemics. The Lancet Public Health, 5(10), e517–e518. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30211-5

Not to mention the free media he was getting from the mainstream media who covered the spectacle.

This could make a great political cartoon... a Republican drawer full of sharp knives and a pitiful Trump plastic spoon.

And even at this they should be gearing them honestly and truthfully toward the students.

NW, 1615 L. St, Suite 800Washington, & Inquiries, D. 20036USA202-419-4300 | M.-857-8562 | F.-419-4372 | M. (2020, September 17). U.S. Public Now Divided Over Whether To Get COVID-19 Vaccine. Pew Research Center Science & Society. https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2020/09/17/u-s-public-now-divided-over-whether-to-get-covid-19-vaccine/

Bozorgmehr, K. (2020). Power of and power over COVID-19 response guidelines. The Lancet, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32081-X

IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. ‘COVID-19 and the Labor Market’. Accessed 6 October 2020. https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13696/.

I agree with this one on how Americans will typically wear a mask because it is one of the precautions but those who are more on the "I'll just follow what the president says" (political)side which is Trump thinking wearing a mask is not a necessity then others who may support him will think the same. Some but not all.

Modern U.S. Racial Capitalism

Some Theoretical Insights

by Charisse Burden-Stelly

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Anderson-Carpenter, K., & Neal, Z. (2020). Racial Disparities in COVID-19 Impacts in Michigan, USA. 10.31234/osf.io/st2rp

Interesting, read more!

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Interesting to see how even this issue is treated with a partisan lens.

Involvement of goverment officials.

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State that has multiple (or at least more than one) group whose interests are represented by that State.

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Paris, Marseille named as high-risk COVID zones, making curbs likelier. (2020, August 14). Reuters. https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-france-idUKKCN25A0LC

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