2,883 Matching Annotations
  1. May 2020
    1. Some antievolution authors have published papers in serious journals. Those papers, however, rarely attack evolution directly or advance creationist arguments; at best, they identify certain evolutionary problems as unsolved and difficult (which no one disputes)

      What holes are these, that remain to be filled? What coverage is required in order for a hypothesis to graduate into a "theory"? 50%? More? Less?

    2. the idea of falsifiability as the defining characteristic of science originated with philosopher Karl Popper

      Science is true until "proven" false?

    3. The absence of direct observation does not make physicists' conclusions less certain.

      Shouldn't it, though? What's to say there isn't an alternative explanation that fits the same pseudo-observations better.

    1. Newton had a great time for a long time with his description [of gravity], and then at some point it was clear that that description was fraying at the edges, and then Einstein offered a more complete version

      Newton's laws succumbed to fault. Perhaps Einstein's would too? There's nothing wrong with taking a scientific approach to life when you're eternal; you can take your time finding the truth. Seeing as we're not, you cannot be certain that you aren't stuck in some local maxima, only to have your belief supplanted centuries later.

    1. Register Today For Data Science Certification. Learn the Best Data Science Course from our Top Tutors. Study and Get A Certified Data Science Course. Enroll For Data Science Certification and Get 24/7 support and all time study Material. Land in your Dream Job by registering to this Course.

    1. Ross-Hellauer, T., Tennant, J. P., Banelytė, V., Gorogh, E., Luzi, D., Kraker, P., Pisacane, L., Ruggieri, R., Sifacaki, E., & Vignoli, M. (2020). Ten simple rules for innovative dissemination of research. PLOS Computational Biology, 16(4), e1007704. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007704

    1. Van den Akker, O., Weston, S. J., Campbell, L., Chopik, W. J., Damian, R. I., Davis-Kean, P., Hall, A. N., Kosie, J. E., Kruse, E. T., Olsen, J., Ritchie, S. J., Valentine, K. D., van ’t Veer, A. E., & Bakker, M. (2019). Preregistration of secondary data analysis: A template and tutorial [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/hvfmr

  2. Apr 2020
    1. Dorison, C., Lerner, J. S., Heller, B. H., Rothman, A., Kawachi, I. I., Wang, K., … Coles, N. A. (2020, April 16). A global test of message framing on behavioural intentions, policy support, information seeking, and experienced anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/sevkf

    1. Wynants, L., Van Calster, B., Bonten, M. M. J., Collins, G. S., Debray, T. P. A., De Vos, M., Haller, M. C., Heinze, G., Moons, K. G. M., Riley, R. D., Schuit, E., Smits, L. J. M., Snell, K. I. E., Steyerberg, E. W., Wallisch, C., & van Smeden, M. (2020). Prediction models for diagnosis and prognosis of covid-19 infection: Systematic review and critical appraisal. BMJ, m1328. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1328

    1. Watts, D. J., Beck, E. D., Bienenstock, E. J., Bowers, J., Frank, A., Grubesic, A., Hofman, J., Rohrer, J. M., & Salganik, M. (2018). Explanation, prediction, and causality: Three sides of the same coin? [Preprint]. Open Science Framework. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/u6vz5

    1. Sumner, P., Vivian-Griffiths, S., Boivin, J., Williams, A., Bott, L., Adams, R., Venetis, C. A., Whelan, L., Hughes, B., & Chambers, C. D. (2016). Exaggerations and Caveats in Press Releases and Health-Related Science News. PLOS ONE, 11(12), e0168217. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0168217

    1. Salganik, M. J., Lundberg, I., Kindel, A. T., Ahearn, C. E., Al-Ghoneim, K., Almaatouq, A., Altschul, D. M., Brand, J. E., Carnegie, N. B., Compton, R. J., Datta, D., Davidson, T., Filippova, A., Gilroy, C., Goode, B. J., Jahani, E., Kashyap, R., Kirchner, A., McKay, S., … McLanahan, S. (2020). Measuring the predictability of life outcomes with a scientific mass collaboration. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915006117

    1. This is a generic problem in scholarly publishing and affects the geochemistry community as much as other disciplines. Some research has shown that preprints tend to be of similar quality to their final published versions in journals [7].
      • Ilmu kebumian terdiri dari komponen atmosfer, lithosfer, dan hydrosfer, yang masing-masing telah membangun tubuh keilmuan (body of knowledge) sendiri.
      • Geokimia sendiri merupakan interaksi antara litosfer dan hidrosfer, tentunya ini akan memberikan kondisi yang berbeda lagi.
      • Kondisi itu membuat kebutuhan dan perilaku ilmuwan di masing-masing sub bidang ilmu akan berbeda-beda.
      • Namun demikian kebutuhan untuk memiliki media publikasi yang cepat, minim hambatan waktu (delay) sepertinya akan tetap sama.
    1. ``Debugging is parallelizable''. Although debugging requires debuggers to communicate with some coordinating developer, it doesn't require significant coordination between debuggers. Thus it doesn't fall prey to the same quadratic complexity and management costs that make adding developers problematic.

      contrast this to physical manufacturing: Gereffi's typology of manufacturing Manufacturing today is rarely evolved to the modular stage for complex projects (such as code), and yet it proceeds across oceans, machinery, and---more frequently---across languages. Programming standardizes the languages of production while allowing the languages of collaboration to be multiple. These multiples are the parallel clusters around the world hacking away at their own thing. They are friends, they are scientists, they are entrepreneurs, they are all of the above.

    1. La rationalité objective relève de la démarche scientifique et se base sur la construction du savoir par la preuve. La rationalité subjective est du ressort de la croyance. Les croyances ont leur logique propre qu’il convient de décrypter et d’analyser mais ne relèvent aucunement d’une démarche irrationnelle. “Chaque individu a ses raisons de croire. De ces dernières, s’échafaude un système de croyance qui pose l’individu dans une situation souvent valorisante et réconfortante pour lui-même”, développe Gérald Bronner. Cela explique la méfiance qui s’installe à l’égard de la science notamment. Malgré les progrès indéniables dans toutes les disciplines et l’amélioration considérable qu’elle apporte concernant nos conditions de vie, la méfiance et la défiance s’installent. Il est toujours plus facile de croire que d’acquérir un savoir basé sur des preuves. En cela, les fausses informations (notamment en matière de santé) marquent bien souvent l’opinion de façon très profonde.

      Cet argument prends la suite du précédent pour renforcer l’idée que les croyances l’emportent sur le raisonnement scientifique pour des raisons psychologiques, parce que l’esprit humain est biaisé en faveur des premières.

      On peut noter la structure du raisonnement logique :

      Prémisse 1: la rationalité objective (= science) se base sur des preuves neutres et demande une démarche active de construction de savoir

      Prémisse 2: la rationalité subjective (=croyance) trie les informations en fonction de ce qui est le plus satisfaisant a croire

      Conclusion : il est plus facile et spontané de croire que de savoir

      Ce raisonnement lui permet d’expliquer le paradoxe entre les bénéfices factuels des progrès scientifiques et la méfiance croissante que ces progrès suscitent.

    1. If the word “share” doesn’t come out of your mouth, you don’t need to use a pointer

      key point

    2. The benefit of passing data “by value” is readability. The value you see in the function call is what is copied and received on the other side

      no hidden cost, eg., memory growth on the heap or pauses during garbage collection. but there is a cost in stack memory usage and "scoping" among multiple stack frames, CPU caching, etc.

    3. Functions execute within the scope of frame boundaries that provide an individual memory space for each respective function. Each frame allows a function to operate within their own context and also provides flow control. A function has direct access to the memory inside its frame, through the frame pointer, but access to memory outside its frame requires indirect access. For a function to access memory outside of its frame, that memory must be shared with the function.

      eg., shared via the "pointer" to an address in heap memory

    1. Web science

      As it is, it looks like it refers to science of the web. Not to scientific practices in a web-like way (which seems to be the goal of the Linked Resarch project).

  3. Mar 2020
    1. The charges focus on Lieber’s alleged involvement in China’s Thousand Talents Plan, a prestigious programme designed to recruit leading academics to the country. Documents outlining the charges allege that Lieber received hundreds of thousands of dollars from the Wuhan University of Technology (WUT) in China and agreed to lead a lab there — and that when US government agencies asked about his involvement with the programme he stated that he was not a participant and denied any formal affiliation with WUT.
    1. Ideally, the process is democratic: Anybody can science the shit out of anything. In reality, most people “do” science vicariously—by reading about new discoveries and having faith that the discoverers aren’t charlatans. Though it’s not quite faith: We trust them because scientists argue in public.
    1. Sempre ricordando che quando si parla di sfericità, l’elettrone non deve essere pensato come una pallina: si tratta di una particella elementare, dunque non strutturata e indivisibile, e per forma si intende in realtà la simmetria delle sue interazioni con i campi esterni, con altre cariche.
    1. These machines actually rely heavily on humans to be useful.

      This is a key point. Watching those impressive astounding videos about these robots we forget how much humans are behind that

    1. If you’re planning on flying a robotic or even human mission in the near future to the Moon, an asteroid or even Mars, one indispensable requirement you’ll face is the need for at least one deep-space tracking dish to communicate with your craft.
    1. propelled by a “water plasma” engine. Solar panels generate electrical power, which the vehicle then uses to generate microwaves, which superheat the water up to Sun-surface temperatures. That produces a plasma that shoots out a nozzle, propelling Vigoride forward.